CN112923764A - Pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and working method thereof - Google Patents
Pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112923764A CN112923764A CN202110344748.3A CN202110344748A CN112923764A CN 112923764 A CN112923764 A CN 112923764A CN 202110344748 A CN202110344748 A CN 202110344748A CN 112923764 A CN112923764 A CN 112923764A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/003—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using thermochemical reactions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
- F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and a working method thereof, which are suitable for Ca (OH)2/CaO+H2The system comprises a reaction storage tank, a pressure stabilizing tank, a water storage tank, a booster pump, a vacuum pump, a cooler, a reaction steam pipeline, a vacuumizing pipeline, a steam generation pipeline, a cooling spraying pipeline, a drainage pipeline and valves corresponding to the pipelines. The pressure type reaction storage tank is used for improving the balance temperature of the reversible chemical reaction to improve the heat storage temperature, the pressure of the reaction storage tank is stabilized through evaporation or condensation of water and water vapor in the pressure stabilizing tank, the water storage tank is used for storing liquid water required by the system, the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank is balanced in a drainage or pressurization pumping mode, the storage and release of high-temperature heat energy are realized, and the heat storage and release process is completely decoupledThe system does not need to convey reaction materials, can realize long-term heat energy storage, is simple and can be used for large-scale heat energy storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy storage system, in particular to a pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and a working method thereof.
Background
Energy storage is an important technical field in the current energy system, and a heat storage technology is an important aspect of the energy system, and particularly plays a vital role in the fields of photo-thermal power generation and the like. At present, the large-scale heat energy storage still mainly adopts sensible heat storage, the sensible heat storage technology is simple and easy to realize, but the heat storage density is low, the high-temperature heat storage material is expensive and has high use requirement, and the long-time storage of the heat energy cannot be realized, so the application effect and the scale of the heat energy storage are limited to a certain extent. Thermochemical heat storage uses reversible thermochemical reactions to store heat in chemical bonds, e.g. Ca (OH)2/CaO+H2The reversible reaction of O has the characteristics of high energy storage density and long-time lossless storage, and is one of the most promising technical directions for high-temperature heat source heat storage. However, the chemical heat storage system is complex, a large amount of reaction materials need to be conveyed in the reaction system, the system is complex and huge in the modes of mechanical conveying, pneumatic conveying or fluidized bed and the like, and the sensible heat change process and the phase change process of the reaction materials bring greater difficulty besides the chemical energy storage and release process in the process, so that no mature application system exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and a working method thereof, which are suitable for Ca (OH)2/CaO+H2In the gas (steam) -solid reversible reaction system such as O and the like, a pressure type reaction tank is utilized to improve the reversible reaction equilibrium temperature to reach the required heat storage temperature (such as 0.5MPa and 600 ℃), the heat storage and release processes are carried out simultaneously, the pressure of the reaction tank is stabilized through the phase change of steam and water phases under the saturation temperature in a pressure stabilizing tank, and a large amount of water required by the reaction is stored in a normal-pressure liquid state mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system is composed of a reaction storage tank 1, a surge tank 2, a water storage tank 3, a booster pump 4, a vacuum pump 5, a cooler 6, a reaction steam pipeline 18, a vacuumizing pipeline 19, a steam generation pipeline 20, a cooling spraying pipeline 21, a drainage pipeline 22 and valves corresponding to the pipelines; the reaction storage tank 1 consists of a vacuum heat-insulating layer 10, reaction materials 9, a steam generator 11, a primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and a secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8, and a cooling sprayer 12 is arranged in the pressure stabilizing tank 2;
the reaction storage tank 1 is filled with reaction materials 9, the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 are both arranged in the reaction materials 9, heat exchange media flow through the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8, and the heat exchange media are isolated from the reaction materials; the steam generator 11 is positioned in the upper space of the reaction storage tank to heat the liquid water in the steam generation pipeline into steam; the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is communicated with the upper space of the reaction storage tank 1 through a reaction steam pipeline 18, a reaction steam valve 13 is arranged on the reaction steam pipeline 18, and the pressure of the reaction storage tank 1 is stabilized through the evaporation or condensation of water and steam; the cooling sprayer 12 in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is connected with a cooling spraying pipeline 21, and a spraying valve 16 is arranged on the cooling spraying pipeline 21 and used for uniformly spraying low-temperature liquid water from the cooling spraying pipeline 21 into the upper steam space of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 and cooling high-temperature superheated steam from the reaction storage tank 1; the bottom of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is communicated with the water storage tank 3 through a drain pipeline 22, and a drain valve 15 and a cooler 6 are arranged on the drain pipeline 22 and used for draining liquid water in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 to the water storage tank 3 and controlling the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank 2; the water storage tank 3 is connected with a booster pump 4, the booster pump 4 is connected with a steam generation pipeline 20 through a steam generator 11 and then connected with a pressure stabilizing tank 2 and is also connected with a cooling spraying pipeline 21, a steam generation valve 14 is arranged on the steam generation pipeline 20, and the booster pump 4 pressurizes liquid water in the water storage tank 3 and then sends the pressurized liquid water into the steam generation pipeline 20 and the cooling spraying pipeline 21; the top of the reaction storage tank 1 is communicated with a vacuum-pumping pipeline 19, and the vacuum-pumping pipeline 19 is provided with a vacuum pump 5 and a vacuum valve 17 for pumping out air or water vapor in the reaction storage tank 1.
The reaction storage tank 1 is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of bearing high temperature, a vacuum heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the reaction storage tank, and a reaction material 9 in the reaction storage tank 1 is Ca (OH)2Or CaO powder.
The heat exchange media in the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 are air or water vapor, and the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 are arranged in a round pipe snake-shaped mode, so that enough heat exchange area is provided, and the heat exchange media and the reaction materials 9 exchange heat uniformly; the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 is a medium loop for inputting heat, a heat source to be stored is input into the reaction storage tank 1, and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 is a medium loop for outputting heat, and provides output heat for a heat user.
The pressure stabilizing tank 2 is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of bearing high temperature, the outside of the pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a heat insulation structure and materials, and the volume of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is much smaller than that of the reaction storage tank 1.
The water storage tank 3 is a normal pressure container, the outside of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure and materials, and the water storage tank is used for storing enough liquid water with the temperature lower than 100 ℃, so that the use of chemical reaction and the requirement of cooling superheated steam of a pressure stabilizing tank are ensured.
The steam generation pipeline 20 is provided with a steam superheater, and liquid water is heated and injected into the surge tank 2 when the system releases energy. A cooler is arranged in the cooling spraying pipeline 21, and high-temperature liquid water in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is cooled to below 100 ℃ through air and discharged into the water storage tank 3 when the system stores energy.
The reaction steam pipeline 18 connects the reaction storage tank 1 with the water vapor space of the surge tank 2, and water vapor can flow in two directions according to the chemical reaction direction of the reaction storage tank.
The pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system can be used in parallel to improve the energy storage scale of the system.
In the working method of the pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system, during energy storage, high-temperature media in a primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 in a reaction storage tank 1 transfer heat to reaction materials 9, when the temperature is higher than the reversible reaction balance temperature, the reaction materials 9 are subjected to endothermic dehydration reaction to generate high-temperature water vapor, the generated high-temperature water vapor enters a vapor space of a pressure stabilizing tank 2 through a reaction vapor pipeline 18, meanwhile, liquid water with lower temperature in a water storage tank 3 is sprayed into the pressure stabilizing tank 2 through a cooling spray pipeline 21 by a sprayer 12 and is mixed with the high-temperature water vapor in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 for cooling, a spray valve 16 is controlled to adjust the spray flow, and the pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is stabilized; the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is adjusted through a drain pipeline 22 and a drain valve 15, and the discharged water is cooled through a cooler 6 and then discharged into a water storage tank 3;
when energy is released, a medium in a secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 in the reaction storage tank 1 absorbs heat from a bed layer of a reaction material 9, the reaction material 9 generates an exothermic hydration reaction when the temperature is lower than a reversible reaction equilibrium temperature, water vapor is consumed, the water vapor is introduced from a vapor space of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 through a reaction vapor pipeline 18, meanwhile, liquid water in the water storage tank 3 is heated into vapor through a vapor generation pipeline 20 by a vapor generator 11, the flow generated by the vapor is controlled by a vapor generation valve 14 and is injected into the pressure stabilizing tank 2, and the pressure and the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 are stabilized;
when energy storage and release are carried out simultaneously, heat exchange media in a primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and a secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 in the reaction storage tank 1 flow and exchange heat simultaneously, the reaction direction of reaction materials 9 in the reaction storage tank 1 is determined by the temperature of the materials, and at the moment, the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is kept only by controlling the spraying flow of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 or the steam quantity injected into the pressure stabilizing tank 2 by a steam generator 11, so that the normal operation of the energy storage and release process of the reaction storage tank 1 can be ensured;
when the system is stopped or started in a cold state, the vacuum pump 5 is started, the reaction steam valve 13 is closed, the vacuum valve 17 is opened, the system is vacuumized, and the reaction materials are stored for a long time.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a pressure type reaction storage tank, improves the heat storage temperature by utilizing the characteristic that the reaction equilibrium temperature of the reversible chemical reaction rises along with the pressure, stabilizes the pressure of the reaction storage tank by the evaporation or condensation of water or water vapor at the saturation temperature in the pressure stabilizing tank, stores liquid water required by a system by using a water storage tank, balances the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank by a drainage or pressurization pumping mode, realizes the storage and release of high-temperature heat energy, obtains complete decoupling in the heat storage and release process, does not need the transportation of reaction materials by the system, can realize long-term heat energy storage, has simple system and can be used for large-scale heat energy storage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system of the present invention is composed of a reaction storage tank 1, a surge tank 2, a water storage tank 3, a booster pump 4, a vacuum pump 5, a cooler 6, a reaction steam pipeline 18, a vacuum pumping pipeline 19, a steam generation pipeline 20, a cooling spray pipeline 21, a drain pipeline 22, and valves corresponding to the pipelines; the reaction storage tank 1 consists of a vacuum heat-insulating layer 10, reaction materials 9, a steam generator 11, a primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and a secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8, and a cooling sprayer 12 is arranged in the pressure stabilizing tank 2; the reaction tank 1 is filled with a reaction material 9 such as Ca (OH)2Or CaO powder having the reaction equation Ca (OH)2<——>CaO+H2O, and can also realize other various similar gas-solid reversible reactions, such as Mg (OH)2/MgO+H2O, and the like. The primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 are both arranged in the reaction material 9, heat exchange media flow through the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8, and the heat exchange media are isolated from the reaction material; the steam generator 11 is positioned in the upper space of the reaction storage tank to heat the liquid water in the steam generation pipeline into steam; the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is communicated with the upper space of the reaction storage tank 1 through a reaction steam pipeline 18, a reaction steam valve 13 is arranged on the reaction steam pipeline 18, and the pressure of the reaction storage tank 1 is stabilized through the evaporation or condensation of water and steam; the cooling sprayer 12 in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is connected with a cooling spraying pipeline 21, and a spraying valve 16 is arranged on the cooling spraying pipeline 21 and used for uniformly spraying low-temperature liquid water from the cooling spraying pipeline 21 into the upper steam space of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 and cooling high-temperature superheated steam from the reaction storage tank 1; the bottom of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is communicated with the water storage tank 3 through a drain pipeline 22, and a drain valve 15 and a cold water pipe are arranged on the drain pipeline 22The cooler 6 is used for discharging the liquid water in the surge tank 2 to the water storage tank 3 and controlling the water level of the surge tank 2; the water storage tank 3 is connected with a booster pump 4, the booster pump 4 is connected with a steam generation pipeline 20 through a steam generator 11 and then connected with a pressure stabilizing tank 2 and is also connected with a cooling spraying pipeline 21, a steam generation valve 14 is arranged on the steam generation pipeline 20, and the booster pump 4 pressurizes liquid water in the water storage tank 3 and then sends the pressurized liquid water into the steam generation pipeline 20 and the cooling spraying pipeline 21; the top of the reaction storage tank 1 is communicated with a vacuum-pumping pipeline 19, and the vacuum-pumping pipeline 19 is provided with a vacuum pump 5 and a vacuum valve 17 for pumping out air or water vapor in the reaction storage tank 1.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction tank 1 is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of withstanding high temperature, the exterior of the reaction tank is provided with a vacuum insulation layer, and the reaction material 9 in the reaction tank 1 is Ca (OH)2Or CaO powder.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange medium in the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 is air or water vapor, and the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 are arranged in a round pipe serpentine manner, so as to provide a sufficient heat exchange area and enable the heat exchange medium to exchange heat with the reactant 9 uniformly; the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 is a medium loop for inputting heat, a heat source to be stored is input into the reaction storage tank 1, and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 is a medium loop for outputting heat, and provides output heat for a heat user.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the surge tank 2 is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of bearing high temperature, the exterior of the pressure-bearing container is provided with a heat insulation structure and materials, and the volume of the surge tank 2 is much smaller than that of the reaction storage tank 1.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water storage tank 3 is a normal pressure vessel, and has an external thermal insulation structure and material, which is used for storing enough liquid water below 100 ℃, ensuring the use of chemical reaction and the need of cooling superheated steam in the surge tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a steam superheater is installed in the steam generation pipeline 20 to heat and inject liquid water into the surge tank 2 when the system is de-energized. A cooler is arranged in the cooling spraying pipeline 21, and high-temperature liquid water in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is cooled to below 100 ℃ through air and discharged into the water storage tank 3 when the system stores energy.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction steam line 18 connects the reaction tank 1 with the steam space of the surge tank 2, and the steam can flow in both directions according to the direction of the chemical reaction of the reaction tank.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of pressure-type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank systems can be used in parallel to increase the scale of energy storage of the systems.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
when storing energy, the high temperature medium in the pipeline 7 of the primary heat exchanger in the reaction storage tank 1 transfers heat to the reaction material 9, and when the temperature is higher than the equilibrium temperature of the reversible reaction, the reaction material 9 has endothermic dehydration reaction such as Ca (OH)2＝>CaO+H2O, generating high-temperature water vapor, enabling the generated high-temperature water vapor to enter a vapor space of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 through a reaction vapor pipeline 18, spraying liquid water with lower temperature in the water storage tank 3 into the pressure stabilizing tank 2 through a cooling spraying pipeline 21 by a sprayer 12 through a booster pump 4, mixing the liquid water with the high-temperature water vapor in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 for cooling, controlling a spraying valve 16 to adjust the spraying flow, and stabilizing the pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank 2; the water level of the surge tank 2 is adjusted by a drain pipe 22 and a drain valve 15, and the discharged water is cooled by a cooler 6 and then discharged into the water storage tank 3.
When releasing energy, the medium in the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 in the reaction storage tank 1 absorbs heat from the bed layer of the reaction materials 9, and when the temperature is lower than the equilibrium temperature of the reversible reaction, the reaction materials 9 generate exothermic hydration reaction such as CaO + H2O＝>Ca(OH)2And water vapor is consumed, the water vapor is introduced from the steam space of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 through the reaction steam pipeline 18, meanwhile, the booster pump 4 heats the liquid water in the water storage tank 3 into steam through the steam generation pipeline 20 by the steam generator 11, the flow generated by the steam is controlled through the steam generation valve 14, and the steam is injected into the pressure stabilizing tank 2 to stabilize the pressure and the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank 2.
When energy storage and release are carried out simultaneously, heat exchange media in the primary heat exchanger pipeline 7 and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline 8 in the reaction storage tank 1 flow and exchange heat simultaneously, the reaction direction of reaction materials 9 in the reaction storage tank 1 is determined by the temperature of the materials, and at the moment, the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank 2 is kept only by controlling the spraying flow of the pressure stabilizing tank 2 or the steam quantity injected into the pressure stabilizing tank 2 by the steam generator 11, so that the normal operation of the energy storage and release process of the reaction storage tank 1 can be ensured.
When the system is stopped or started in a cold state, the vacuum pump 5 is started, the reaction steam valve 13 is closed, the vacuum valve 17 is opened, the system is vacuumized, and reaction materials can be stored for a long time.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a pressure type high temperature thermochemistry heat storage tank system which characterized in that: the device consists of a reaction storage tank (1), a pressure stabilizing tank (2), a water storage tank (3), a booster pump (4), a vacuum pump (5), a cooler (6), a reaction steam pipeline (18), a vacuumizing pipeline (19), a steam generation pipeline (20), a cooling spraying pipeline (21), a drainage pipeline (22) and valves corresponding to the pipelines; wherein the reaction storage tank (1) consists of a vacuum heat-insulating layer (10), a reaction material (9), a steam generator (11), a primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and a secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8), and a cooling sprayer (12) is arranged in the pressure stabilizing tank (2);
the reaction storage tank (1) is filled with reaction materials (9), the primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) are uniformly arranged in the reaction materials (9), heat exchange media flow through the primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8), and the heat exchange media are isolated from the reaction materials; the steam generator (11) is positioned in the upper space of the reaction storage tank to heat the liquid water in the steam generation pipeline into steam; the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is communicated with the upper space of the reaction storage tank (1) through a reaction steam pipeline (18), a reaction steam valve (13) is arranged on the reaction steam pipeline (18), and the pressure of the reaction storage tank (1) is stabilized through the evaporation or condensation of water and steam; a cooling sprayer (12) in the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is connected with a cooling spraying pipeline (21), and a spraying valve (16) is arranged on the cooling spraying pipeline (21) and is used for uniformly spraying low-temperature liquid water from the cooling spraying pipeline (21) into the upper steam space of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) and cooling high-temperature superheated steam from the reaction storage tank (1); the bottom of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is communicated with the water storage tank (3) through a drainage pipeline (22), and a drainage valve (15) and a cooler (6) are arranged on the drainage pipeline (22) and used for draining liquid water in the pressure stabilizing tank (2) to the water storage tank (3) and controlling the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank (2); the water storage tank (3) is connected with a booster pump (4), the booster pump (4) is connected with a steam generation pipeline (20) through a steam generator (11) and then is connected with a pressure stabilizing tank (2) and is also connected with a cooling spraying pipeline (21), a steam generation valve (14) is arranged on the steam generation pipeline (20), and the booster pump (4) pressurizes liquid water in the water storage tank (3) and then sends the pressurized liquid water into the steam generation pipeline (20) and the cooling spraying pipeline (21); the top of the reaction storage tank (1) is communicated with a vacuum-pumping pipeline (19), and a vacuum pump (5) and a vacuum valve (17) are arranged on the vacuum-pumping pipeline (19) and used for pumping out air or water vapor in the reaction storage tank (1).
2. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: the reaction storage tank (1) is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of bearing high temperature, a vacuum insulation layer is arranged outside the reaction storage tank, and the reaction materials (9) in the reaction storage tank (1) are Ca (OH)2Or CaO powder.
3. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: the heat exchange medium in the primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) is air or water vapor, and the primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) are arranged in a round pipe snake-shaped mode, so that enough heat exchange area is provided and the heat exchange medium and the reaction material (9) exchange heat uniformly; the primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) is a medium loop for inputting heat, a heat source needing to be stored is input into the reaction storage tank (1), and the secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) is a medium loop for outputting heat, so that the output heat is provided for a heat user.
4. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is a steel pressure-bearing container capable of bearing high temperature, the outside of the pressure stabilizing tank is provided with a heat insulation structure and materials, and the volume of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is much smaller than that of the reaction storage tank (1).
5. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: the water storage tank (3) is a normal pressure container, the outside of the water storage tank is provided with a heat insulation structure and materials, and the water storage tank is used for storing enough liquid water with the temperature lower than 100 ℃, so that the use of chemical reaction and the requirement of cooling superheated steam of a pressure stabilizing tank are ensured.
6. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: a steam superheater is arranged in the steam generation pipeline (20), and liquid water is heated and injected into the pressure stabilizing tank (2) when the system releases energy; a cooler is arranged in the cooling spraying pipeline (21), and high-temperature liquid water in the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is cooled to below 100 ℃ through air and discharged into the water storage tank (3) when the system stores energy.
7. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: the reaction steam pipeline (18) connects the reaction storage tank (1) with the water vapor space of the pressure stabilizing tank (2), and water vapor can flow in two directions according to the chemical reaction direction of the reaction storage tank.
8. The pressure type high temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1 wherein: a plurality of the energy storage devices can be used in parallel to improve the energy storage scale of the system.
9. The method of operating a pressure-type high-temperature thermochemical thermal storage tank system of claim 1, wherein: during energy storage, high-temperature media in a primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) in the reaction storage tank (1) transfer heat to reaction materials (9), when the temperature is higher than the reversible reaction equilibrium temperature, the reaction materials (9) are subjected to endothermic dehydration reaction to generate high-temperature water vapor, the generated high-temperature water vapor enters a steam space of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) through a reaction steam pipeline (18), meanwhile, liquid water with lower temperature in the water storage tank (3) is sprayed into the pressure stabilizing tank (2) through a cooling spraying pipeline (21) by a sprayer (12) and is mixed with the high-temperature water vapor in the pressure stabilizing tank (2) for cooling, a spraying valve (16) is controlled to adjust the spraying flow, and the pressure of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is stabilized; the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) is adjusted by a drain pipeline (22) and a drain valve (15), and the discharged water is cooled by a cooler (6) and then discharged into a water storage tank (3);
when energy is released, a medium in a secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) in the reaction storage tank (1) absorbs heat from a bed layer of a reaction material (9), the reaction material (9) generates an exothermic hydration reaction when the temperature is lower than the reversible reaction equilibrium temperature, water vapor is consumed, the water vapor is introduced from a vapor space of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) through a reaction vapor pipeline (18), meanwhile, liquid water in the water storage tank (3) is heated into vapor through a vapor generation pipeline (20) by a vapor generator (11), the flow generated by the vapor is controlled through a vapor generation valve (14), the liquid water is injected into the pressure stabilizing tank (2), and the pressure and the water level of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) are stabilized;
when energy storage and release are carried out simultaneously, heat exchange media in a primary heat exchanger pipeline (7) and a secondary heat exchanger pipeline (8) in the reaction storage tank (1) flow simultaneously for heat exchange, the reaction direction of reaction materials (9) in the reaction storage tank (1) is determined by the temperature of the materials, and at the moment, the normal operation of the energy storage and release process of the reaction storage tank (1) can be ensured only by controlling the spraying flow of the pressure stabilizing tank (2) or the steam quantity injected into the pressure stabilizing tank (2) by the steam generator (11) and keeping the pressure in the pressure stabilizing tank (2);
when the system is stopped or started in a cold state, the vacuum pump (5) is started, the reaction steam valve (13) is closed, the vacuum valve (17) is opened, the system is vacuumized, and reaction materials are stored for a long time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110344748.3A CN112923764A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and working method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110344748.3A CN112923764A (en) | 2021-03-31 | 2021-03-31 | Pressure type high-temperature thermochemical heat storage tank system and working method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115839631A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-03-24 | 国电投重庆能源研究院有限公司 | Stacking bed heat storage system |
| CN116146960A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-05-23 | 洛阳瑞昌环境工程有限公司 | Thermochemical heat accumulation energy storage system and energy storage method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116146960A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-05-23 | 洛阳瑞昌环境工程有限公司 | Thermochemical heat accumulation energy storage system and energy storage method |
| CN116146960B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-06-04 | 洛阳瑞昌环境工程有限公司 | Thermochemical heat accumulation energy storage heat supply system and energy storage heat supply method |
| CN115839631A (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-03-24 | 国电投重庆能源研究院有限公司 | Stacking bed heat storage system |
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