CN112916782A - Local progressive loading precision forming die and method for ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics - Google Patents
Local progressive loading precision forming die and method for ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN112916782A CN112916782A CN202110169444.8A CN202110169444A CN112916782A CN 112916782 A CN112916782 A CN 112916782A CN 202110169444 A CN202110169444 A CN 202110169444A CN 112916782 A CN112916782 A CN 112916782A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
Abstract
The invention provides a local gradual loading precision forming die and a method for an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local mutation characteristics, wherein the forming die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a first pressure plate, a second pressure plate and a third pressure plate, a flat pressure head is arranged on the upper die, the lower die comprises a die holder, a die core, two demolding inserts and a plurality of demolding wedges, the die core is slidably arranged in the die holder, the die core is of a U-shaped groove structure, the two demolding inserts are arranged at the bottom of the groove of the U-shaped groove structure, and a plurality of mounting grooves for mounting the demolding wedges are symmetrically formed in the upper surfaces of two groove walls of the U-shaped groove structure; a small punch is arranged at the bottom of the first pressure plate, and the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate are sequentially arranged on the mold core from left to right. According to the invention, through the horizontal sliding of the die core on the die holder, the local progressive loading of the forge piece on the single-action press and the forming of large-size complex components on small-sized equipment are realized, and the folding defect caused by integral one-time loading is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot working, and particularly relates to a local progressive loading precision forming die and a local progressive loading precision forming method for an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local mutation characteristics.
Background
With the improvement of the requirements on high performance and light weight of aerospace structural members, the adoption of light-weight and high-strength materials (such as titanium alloy, aluminum alloy and the like) and light-weight structures (such as thin web wall and high rib structures) becomes an effective way for improving the reliability and reducing the weight of the aerospace structural members.
If the traditional forging forming method is adopted for the ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with the local mutation characteristic, a large-tonnage die forging press is required for integral loading, and the isothermal local loading incremental forming is adopted, so that the limit of a forming equipment workbench and tonnage is broken through, the possibility of forming a large-size component on small and medium-sized equipment is realized, and the equipment investment cost and the maintenance cost are greatly saved. In addition, the defects of rib part filling insufficiency, folding and the like are easily caused in the integral one-step forming process of the high-rib complex member with the ultra-long thin web, and the demoulding is difficult.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a new mold device and a new process method for local progressive loading precision forming of an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change features, so as to solve the above problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a local progressive loading precision forming mold and method for an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics, so as to solve the above problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the local progressive loading precision forming die comprises an upper die, a lower die, a first pressure plate, a second pressure plate and a third pressure plate, wherein a flat pressure head is arranged on the upper die, the lower die comprises a die holder, a die core, two demolding inserts and a plurality of demolding wedges, the die core is slidably arranged in the die holder, the die core is of a U-shaped groove structure, the two demolding inserts are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure along the length direction of the groove, a plurality of mounting grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper surfaces of two groove walls of the U-shaped groove structure, the plurality of demolding wedges are mounted in the mounting grooves, and the demolding inserts and the demolding wedges are both used for facilitating workpiece demolding;
the small punch is installed at the bottom of the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate are sequentially arranged on the mold core from left to right and are respectively installed on the mold core through compression bolts, corresponding compression bolt holes are formed in the mold core, blanks are placed on the mold core, and the three pressure plates are in contact with the blanks.
Further, the demoulding wedge iron is matched with the mould core through a trapezoidal inclined plane; the angle of the inclined plane of the demoulding wedge iron is 10-20 degrees.
Further, a wedge-shaped groove is processed at the matching position of the side surface of the mold core and the corresponding side surface of the mold base, and the wedge-shaped groove is used for driving a fixed wedge iron; the angle of the inclined plane of the fixed wedge iron is 8-15 degrees.
Further, the length of the flat pressing head of the upper die is equal to the local forming length of the largest forge piece in the forging pass; the lengths of the die core and the die holder are both larger than that of the flat pressing head.
Furthermore, the two demolding inserts are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, the demolding inserts are matched with the mold core through a trapezoidal inclined surface, the angle of the trapezoidal inclined surface ranges from 15 degrees to 35 degrees, and the length of the demolding insert is larger than that of the mold core.
Furthermore, the blank is a special-shaped section blank and is provided with a prefabricated hole, the diameter of the prefabricated hole of the blank is 25mm-30mm, and the diameter of the small punch is larger than that of the prefabricated hole of the blank.
Further, pull rod threaded holes are formed in the two ends of the mold core, pull rods are installed in the pull rod threaded holes, and the pull rods are used for pulling the mold core to move horizontally in the mold base.
The local progressive loading precision forming method of the ultralong thin web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic adopts the die to form and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing an upper die and a die holder, and installing a die core with a demolding insert and a demolding wedge iron on the die holder; after the installation is finished, the die is heated to a specific temperature by using an electric heating pipe, and the blank, the small punch, the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate are placed in a heat treatment heating furnace and heated to the specific temperature;
step two: after the blank and the die are heated, the blank is taken out of a heating furnace and placed on a die core, a pull rod is installed in a pull rod threaded hole in the die core, the suspended length of the die core is determined according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local mutation characteristic and the length of the first-time forming, the die core is pulled to the corresponding position by pulling the pull rod, and the position of the die core on a die holder is fixed by using a fixed wedge;
after the die core is fixed, a first pressure plate, a second pressure plate, a third pressure plate and a small punch on the first pressure plate are respectively arranged on a pressure bolt hole of the die core, and pressure bolts of the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate are screwed so as to press a blank, so that the blank is prevented from warping in an unformed area due to local loading in the forming process;
after the installation is finished, the upper die descends until the first pressure plate is abutted to the die core, the initial position is returned after the local characteristics of the forge piece are formed, and the fixed wedge is loosened;
step three: determining the suspended length of the mold core according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the second-pass forming length, pulling the mold core to a corresponding position by pulling a pull rod, fixing the position of the mold core on a mold base by using a fixed wedge, fixing a first pressure plate on the mold core by using a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on a third pressure plate, enabling an upper mold to descend until the third pressure plate is abutted against the mold core, pressing the local characteristic of the forge piece, returning to the initial position, and loosening the fixed wedge;
step four: determining the length of a suspended mold core according to the loading sequence of a designed thin web high-rib component with local sudden change characteristics and the length of the third forming, pulling a pull rod to pull the mold core to a corresponding position, fixing the position of the mold core on a mold base by using a fixed wedge, fixing a third pressure plate on the mold core by using a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on the second pressure plate, enabling an upper mold to move downwards until the second pressure plate and the mold core press the local characteristics of a mold pressing forge piece, and then returning to the initial position;
step five: aiming at slight warping of a part of area of the forge piece caused by local loading, local finishing is carried out on the forge piece, the number of the locally finished passes is consistent with that of the locally loaded passes, each pass of the local finishing is that a mold core is horizontally pulled to the position of the local loading step of the corresponding pass, then a compression bolt and a pressure plate of the corresponding pass are dismounted, then an upper mold descends to carry out local characteristic finishing on the forge piece, the upper mold returns to the initial position after finishing, and the local finishing is carried out gradually until all the locally finished passes are finished;
step six: and unloading the small punch, the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate and the third pressure plate, taking out the demoulding wedges on the die core, releasing the tensile die force, lifting the demoulding inserts on the two sides of the die core, and taking out the forge piece from the die core through the demoulding inserts.
Further, in the second step, the heating temperature of the blank and the die is 400-470 ℃; in the second step to the sixth step, the descending speed of the upper die is 0.5 mm/s-3 mm/s.
Further, to ensure good filling of the local loading zone edge portion bead, the overlap of the two loading zones is 1/5-1/4 times the local loading zone length.
Compared with the prior art, the local progressive loading precision forming die and the method for the ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristics have the following advantages:
1. according to the application, the die core slides horizontally on the die holder, so that the local loading of the forge piece on the single-action press is realized, and the forming force is greatly reduced;
2. local characteristics of the forge piece are formed by horizontally moving the lower die core, so that local progressive loading is realized;
3. the loading area of each pass is formed for one time, and the problem of upwarping of the unloaded area in the local loading process is solved by using the pressure plate; the position of the mold core is fixed in the moving process through the arrangement of the fixed wedge iron;
4. the rib height ratio of the ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local mutation characteristics is more than 10, the whole characteristics are in lower die, the invention solves the problem of demoulding the long-size thin web high-rib complex component through the design of releasing the die-expanding force by the demoulding insert and the demoulding wedge, and provides a reliable solution for the demoulding problem of similar components.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a front view of a local progressive loading precision forming die for an ultra-long thin-web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a local progressive loading precision forming die for an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower mold of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an upper die of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a loading process of the local progressive loading of the ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics according to the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mold core and mold base assembly of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the first pressure plate;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second nip plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the fixed wedge;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an ultra-long thin web high rib blank with local abrupt change features;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an ultra-long thin web high-rib forging with local abrupt change features;
FIG. 12 is a picture of an object of an ultra-long thin web high-rib forging with local abrupt change characteristics.
Description of reference numerals:
1-die holder, 2-die core, 3-demoulding insert, 4-compression bolt, 5-small punch, 6-first pressure plate, 7-second pressure plate, 8-upper die, 9-third pressure plate, 10-demoulding wedge, 11-fixing wedge, 12-pull rod and 13-blank.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-10, a local progressive loading precision forming die device for an ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local sudden change characteristics comprises an upper die 8, a lower die, a first pressure plate 6, a second pressure plate 7 and a third pressure plate 9, wherein a flat pressure head is arranged on the upper die 8, the lower die comprises a die holder 1, a die core 2, two demolding inserts 3 and a plurality of demolding wedges 10, the die core 2 is slidably mounted in the die holder 1, the die core 2 is of a U-shaped groove structure, the two demolding inserts 3 are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, the demolding inserts are arranged along the length direction of the groove, a plurality of mounting grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper surfaces of two groove walls of the U-shaped groove structure, the plurality of demolding wedges 10 are mounted in the mounting grooves, and the demolding inserts 3 and the demolding wedges are both used for facilitating workpiece demolding;
a small punch 5 is installed at the bottom of the first pressure plate 6, the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9 are sequentially arranged on the mold core 2 from left to right and are respectively installed on the mold core 2 through compression bolts, corresponding compression bolt holes are formed in the mold core, blanks are placed on the mold core 2, and the three pressure plates are in contact with the blanks.
The demoulding wedge 10 is matched with the mould core 2 through a trapezoidal inclined plane; the angle of the inclined plane of the demoulding wedge 10 is 10-20 degrees. A wedge-shaped groove is processed at the matching position of the side surface of the mold core 2 and the corresponding side surface of the mold base 1, and the wedge-shaped groove is used for driving a fixed wedge 11; the angle of the inclined plane of the fixed wedge iron 11 is 8-15 degrees.
The die core 2 and the fixed wedge 11 are matched by utilizing the trapezoidal inclined surface to form a die structure which can move together, the insert type die structure is used for reducing the die-opening force of the thin-web high-rib forge piece with local mutation characteristics and preventing the forge piece from deforming during demoulding, a wedge-shaped groove is processed on the die core 2, and the demoulding effect is achieved by taking out the demoulding wedge 10 and lifting the demoulding insert 3 to separate the forge piece from the die core 2.
The length L of the flat pressing head of the upper die 8 is equal to the local forming length of the largest forge piece in the forging pass; the lengths of the die core 2 and the die holder 1 are both larger than that of the flat pressing head, the length M of the die core 2 is the sum of the whole length of the forge piece and the wall thickness of the die, and L is less than M.
The two demolding inserts 3 are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, the demolding inserts 3 are matched with the mold core 2 through trapezoidal inclined planes, the angle of the trapezoidal inclined planes between the demolding inserts 3 and the mold core 2 ranges from 15 degrees to 35 degrees, and the length of the demolding inserts 3 is larger than that of the mold core 2.
The blank 13 is a special-shaped section blank and is provided with a prefabricated hole, the diameter of the prefabricated hole of the blank 13 is 25mm-30mm, and the diameter of the small punch 5 is larger than that of the prefabricated hole of the blank 13.
The die comprises a die holder 1, a die core 2 and a pull rod 12, wherein the die core 2 is provided with pull rod threaded holes at two ends, the pull rod threaded holes are internally provided with the pull rod 12, and the pull rod 12 is used for pulling the die core 2 to horizontally move in the die holder 1.
The local progressive loading precision forming method of the ultralong thin web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic adopts the die to form and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing an upper die 8 and a die holder 1, and installing a die core 2 with a demoulding insert 3 and a demoulding wedge 10 on the die holder 1; after the installation is finished, the die is heated to a specific temperature by using an electric heating pipe, and the blank 13, the small punch 5, the first pressure plate 6, the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9 are placed in a heat treatment heating furnace and heated to the specific temperature;
step two: after the blank 13 and the die are heated, the blank 13 is taken out of a heating furnace and placed on the die core 2, then the pull rod is installed in a pull rod threaded hole in the die core 2, the suspended length of the die core 2 is determined according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local mutation characteristic and the length of the first-time forming, the die core is pulled to the corresponding position by pulling the pull rod, and the position of the die core 2 on the die holder 1 is fixed by using a fixed wedge 11;
after the mold core 2 is fixed, a first pressure plate 6, a second pressure plate 7, a third pressure plate 9 and a small punch 5 on the first pressure plate 6 are respectively arranged on a pressure bolt hole of the mold core 2, and a pressure bolt 4 of the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9 is screwed down to press a blank 13, so that the blank in an unformed area is prevented from warping due to local loading in the forming process;
after the installation is finished, the upper die 8 descends until the first pressure plate 6 is abutted to the die core 2, the initial position is returned after the local characteristics of the forge piece are formed, and the fixed wedge 11 is loosened;
step three: according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the second-pass forming length, determining the suspended length of the mold core 2, pulling the mold core to a corresponding position by pulling a pull rod, fixing the position of the mold core 2 on the mold base 1 by using a fixed wedge 11, fixing a first pressure plate 6 on the mold core 2 by using a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on a third pressure plate 9, descending an upper mold 8 until the third pressure plate 9 is pressed against the mold core 2, returning to an initial position after the local characteristic of a forge piece is molded, and loosening the fixed wedge 11;
step four: determining the suspended length of the mold core 2 according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the third forming length, pulling the mold core 2 to a corresponding position by pulling a pull rod, fixing the position of the mold core 2 on the mold base 1 by using a fixed wedge 11, fixing a third pressure plate 9 on the mold core 2 by using a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on a second pressure plate 7, descending an upper mold 8 until the second pressure plate 7 and the mold core 2 are pressed by a mold to press out the local characteristic of a forge piece, and then returning to the initial position;
step five: aiming at slight warping of a part of the forged piece region caused by local loading, local finishing is carried out on the forged piece, the number of the locally finished passes is consistent with that of the locally loaded passes, each pass of the local finishing is that the mold core 2 is horizontally pulled to the position of the corresponding pass local loading step, then the compression bolt 4 and the pressure plate of the corresponding pass are dismounted, then the upper mold 8 descends to carry out local characteristic finishing on the forged piece, the upper mold 8 returns to the initial position after finishing, and the local finishing is carried out gradually until all the locally finished passes are finished;
step six: and (3) unloading the small punch 5, the first pressure plate 6, the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9, taking out the demoulding wedges 10 on the die core 1, releasing the mold tension, lifting the demoulding inserts 3 on two sides of the die core 2, and taking out the forge piece from the die core 2 through the demoulding inserts 3.
In the second step, the heating temperature of the blank 13 and the die is 400-470 ℃; in the second step to the sixth step, the descending speed of the upper die 8 is 0.5 mm/s-3 mm/s.
To ensure good filling of the local loading zone edge portion bead, the two loading zones overlap by 1/5-1/4 of the size of the local loading zone length.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a thin-web high-rib complex component forging with local mutation characteristics in this embodiment, a component material is a certain 2-series aluminum alloy, the overall length of the component is 1300mm, the height ratio of triangular ribs is greater than or equal to 10, the diameter of a mutation characteristic inner hole is phi 68mm, the wall thickness is 26mm, and the height of the mutation characteristic is 40 mm.
The following provides a process for forming the forging of FIG. 11, including the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: installing an upper die 8 and a die holder 1, installing a die core 2 with a demolding insert 3 and a demolding wedge 10 on the die holder 1, heating the upper die and the lower die to 440 ℃ by using an electric heating pipe after the installation is finished, and placing a blank 13, a first pressure plate 6, a second pressure plate 7 and a third pressure plate 9 in a heat treatment heating furnace to be heated to 440 ℃;
step two: after heating the blank 13 and the die, installing pull rods 12 at two sides of the die core 2, taking out the blank 13 from the heating furnace, placing the blank on the die core 2, pulling the pull rods 12 to pull the die core 2 to a position corresponding to 600mm suspended in the air relative to the front end surface of the die holder according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with local mutation characteristics and the length of 450mm formed in the first pass, driving fixed wedges 11 into wedge grooves to fix the position of the die core 2 on the die holder, then respectively installing a first pressure plate 6, a small punch 5 on the first pressure plate, a second pressure plate 7 and a third pressure plate 9 on pressure bolt holes of the die core 2, tightly screwing pressure bolts 4 on the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9 to press the blank 13, preventing the blank from warping in unformed areas caused by local loading in the forming process, after the installation, enabling an upper die 8 to move downwards at the speed of 1mm/s until the first pressure plate 6 is pressed against the die core 2, returning to the initial position after local characteristics of the forged piece are formed, and loosening the fixed wedge iron 11;
step three: according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the second-pass forming length of 450mm, pulling a pull rod 12 to pull a mold core 2 to a position corresponding to the front end face of a mold base in a flush manner, driving a fixed wedge 11 into a wedge groove to fix the position of the mold core 2 on the mold base, fixing a first pressure plate 6 on the mold core through a compression bolt 4, loosening the compression bolt 4 on a third pressure plate 9, descending an upper mold 8 at the speed of 1mm/s until the third pressure plate 9 is pressed against the mold core 2, returning to the initial position after the local characteristic of a forge piece is molded, and loosening the fixed wedge 11;
step four: according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the third forming length of 400mm, pulling a pull rod 12 to pull a mold core 2 to a position corresponding to 240mm suspended in the air relative to the front end face of the mold base, driving a fixed wedge 11 into a wedge groove to fix the position of the mold core on the mold base, fixing a third pressure plate 9 on the mold core through a compression bolt 4, loosening the compression bolt 4 on a second pressure plate 7, descending an upper mold 8 at the speed of 1mm/s until the second pressure plate 7 and the mold core 2 press the local characteristic of a mold pressing forge piece, and then returning to the initial position;
step five: aiming at slight warping of a part of area of the forge piece caused by local loading, local finishing is carried out on the forge piece, first-pass finishing is carried out, the mold core 2 is pulled back to the position of the first-pass local loading, a fixed wedge 11 is driven to fix the mold core, a compression bolt on a first pressure plate is dismounted, then an upper mold 8 descends at the speed of 1mm/s until the first pressure plate is abutted against the mold core, then the upper mold 8 returns to the initial position, the first pressure plate is fixed through the compression bolt, and the fixed wedge 11 is loosened;
step six: performing second-pass finishing, namely pulling the mold core 2 to a second-pass local loading position, driving the fixed wedge 11, dismounting a compression bolt on a third pressure plate, then descending the upper mold at the speed of 1mm/s until the third pressure plate is abutted against the mold core, then returning the upper mold 8 to the initial position, fixing the third pressure plate through the compression bolt, and loosening the fixed wedge 11;
step seven: and (3) performing third finishing, namely pulling the mold core 2 to a position of third local loading, driving the fixed wedge 11, dismounting the compression bolt on the second pressure plate, then enabling the upper mold to descend at the speed of 1mm/s until the second pressure plate is pressed against the mold core, and then enabling the upper mold 8 to return to the initial position.
Step eight: unloading the small punch 5, the first pressure plate 6, the second pressure plate 7 and the third pressure plate 9, taking out the demoulding wedges 10 on the die core 2 to release the tensile die force, lifting the demoulding inserts 3 on the two sides of the die core, and taking out the forge piece from the die core through the demoulding inserts 3, thereby obtaining the ultralong thin web high-rib forge piece with local mutation characteristics as shown in figure 12; and the surface of the detected component has no defects of filling, folding and the like.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a loading process of local progressive loading of an ultra-long thin-web high-rib complex component with a local abrupt change feature of the invention, where (a) is a first-pass loading process, (B) is a second-pass loading process, and (c) is a last-pass loading process, and a mode of progressive loading from left to right is not adopted in the invention to avoid a defect that the thin-web high-rib complex component is not fully filled because a rib height ratio of the thin-wall thin-web high-rib complex component is greater than 10, and defects such as insufficient filling of a transition region, folding and the like are caused if a sequential loading mode is adopted at a position where two loading regions a and B are connected as shown in fig. 11. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the mold core and the mold base, wherein a gap of 1-3 mm is taken at the N position to ensure that the mold can slide on the mold base 1. Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a first pressure plate in the invention, wherein a small punch 5 is placed in a middle hole, and fig. 8 is a schematic view of a second pressure plate in the invention, and the loading is carried out in the form of the pressure plate, so that the problems of material sticking and difficult demoulding of an upper die caused by direct contact of the upper die and a blank are avoided.
The invention processes the ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local mutation characteristics, wherein the rib height ratio of the component is more than 10, and the whole characteristic of the component is in the lower die.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a local progressive loading precision forming die of high muscle complex component of overlength thin web with local sudden change characteristic which characterized in that: the die comprises an upper die (8), a lower die, a first pressure plate (6), a second pressure plate (7) and a third pressure plate (9), wherein a flat pressure head is arranged on the upper die (8), the lower die comprises a die holder (1), a die core (2), two demolding inserts (3) and a plurality of demolding wedges (10), the die core (2) is slidably mounted in the die holder (1), the die core (2) is of a U-shaped groove structure, the two demolding inserts (3) are arranged at the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, the demolding inserts are arranged along the length direction of the groove, a plurality of mounting grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper surfaces of two groove walls of the U-shaped groove structure, the plurality of demolding wedges (10) are mounted in the mounting grooves, and the demolding inserts (3) and the demolding wedges are both used for facilitating workpiece demolding;
small punches (5) are installed to first pressure flitch (6) bottom, first pressure flitch (6), second pressure flitch (7) and third pressure flitch (9) from left to right arrange in proper order on mold core (2), and install through housing bolt (4) respectively on mold core (2), all set up the pressure bolt hole that corresponds on the mold core, place the blank on mold core (2), three pressure flitch contact blank.
2. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the demoulding wedge iron (10) is matched with the mould core (2) through a trapezoidal inclined plane; the angle of the inclined plane of the demoulding wedge iron (10) is 10-20 degrees.
3. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a wedge-shaped groove is processed at the matching position of the side surface of the mold core (2) and the corresponding side surface of the mold base (1), and the wedge-shaped groove is used for driving a fixed wedge (11); the angle of the inclined plane of the fixed wedge iron (11) is 8-15 degrees.
4. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of the flat pressing head of the upper die (8) is equal to the local forming length of the largest forge piece in the forging pass; the lengths of the mold core (2) and the mold base (1) are both greater than that of the flat pressing head.
5. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the two demolding inserts (3) are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the U-shaped groove structure, the demolding inserts (3) are matched with the mold core (2) through a trapezoidal inclined surface, the angle of the trapezoidal inclined surface ranges from 15 degrees to 35 degrees, and the length of the demolding insert (3) is larger than that of the mold core (2).
6. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the blank (13) is a special-shaped section blank and is provided with a prefabricated hole, the diameter of the prefabricated hole of the blank (13) is 25-30 mm, and the diameter of the small punch (5) is larger than that of the prefabricated hole of the blank (13).
7. The local gradual loading precision forming die for the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the die comprises a die holder (1), and is characterized in that pull rod threaded holes are formed in two ends of the die core (2), a pull rod (12) is installed in each pull rod threaded hole, and the pull rod (12) is used for pulling the die core (2) to horizontally move in the die holder (1).
8. The local progressive loading precision forming method of the ultralong thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics is characterized in that: the method adopts the die as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 for forming, and specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: installing an upper die (8) and a die holder (1), and installing a die core (2) with a demolding insert (3) and a demolding wedge iron (10) on the die holder (1); after the installation is finished, an electric heating pipe is used for heating the die to a specific temperature, and the blank (13), the small punch (5), the first pressure plate (6), the second pressure plate (7) and the third pressure plate (9) are placed in a heat treatment heating furnace and heated to the specific temperature;
step two: after the blank (13) and the die are heated, the blank (13) is taken out of a heating furnace and placed on the die core (2), then a pull rod is installed in a pull rod threaded hole in the die core (2), the suspended length of the die core (2) is determined according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local mutation characteristic and the first-time forming length, the die core is pulled to the corresponding position by pulling the pull rod, and the position of the die core (2) on the die holder (1) is fixed by using a fixed wedge (11);
after the mold core (2) is fixed, a first pressure plate (6), a second pressure plate (7), a third pressure plate (9) and a small punch (5) on the first pressure plate (6) are respectively arranged on a pressure bolt hole of the mold core (2), and pressure bolts (4) of the second pressure plate (7) and the third pressure plate (9) are screwed so as to press a blank (13), so that the blank in an unformed area is prevented from warping due to local loading in the forming process;
after the installation is finished, the upper die (8) descends until the first pressure plate (6) is abutted to the die core (2), the initial position is returned after the local characteristics of the forge piece are formed, and the fixed wedge (11) is loosened;
step three: determining the suspended length of a mold core (2) according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the second-pass forming length, pulling a pull rod to pull the mold core to a corresponding position, fixing the position of the mold core (2) on a mold base (1) by using a fixed wedge (11), fixing a first pressure plate (6) on the mold core (2) through a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on a third pressure plate (9), descending an upper mold (8) until the third pressure plate (9) is pressed against the mold core (2), returning to an initial position after the local characteristic of a forge piece is molded, and loosening the fixed wedge (11);
step four: determining the suspended length of the mold core (2) according to the designed loading sequence of the thin web high-rib component with the local sudden change characteristic and the third forming length, pulling the pull rod to pull the mold core (2) to the corresponding position, fixing the position of the mold core (2) on the mold base (1) by using a fixed wedge (11), fixing a third pressure plate (9) on the mold core (2) through a compression bolt, loosening the compression bolt on the second pressure plate (7), descending an upper mold (8) until the second pressure plate (7) and the mold core (2) press the local characteristic of a mold pressing forge piece and then return to the initial position;
step five: aiming at slight warping of a part of area of the forge piece caused by local loading, local finishing is carried out on the forge piece, the number of the locally finished passes is consistent with that of the locally loaded passes, each pass of the local finishing is that firstly, a mold core (2) is horizontally pulled to the position of the local loading step of the corresponding pass, then, a compression bolt (4) and a pressure plate of the corresponding pass are dismounted, then, an upper mold (8) descends to carry out local characteristic finishing on the forge piece, and after finishing, the upper mold (8) returns to the initial position, and the process of the gradual finishing is carried out until all the locally finished passes are finished;
step six: the small punch (5), the first pressure plate (6), the second pressure plate (7) and the third pressure plate (9) are unloaded, the demoulding wedge (10) on the die core (1) is taken out, the mold tension is released, the demoulding inserts (3) on two sides of the die core (2) are lifted, and the forge piece is taken out of the die core (2) through the demoulding inserts (3).
9. The local progressive loading precision forming method of the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 8, is characterized in that: in the second step, the heating temperature of the blank (13) and the die is 400-470 ℃; in the second step to the sixth step, the descending speed of the upper die (8) is 0.5 mm/s-3 mm/s.
10. The local progressive loading precision forming method of the overlong thin-web high-rib complex component with the local abrupt change characteristic according to claim 8, is characterized in that: to ensure good filling of the local loading zone edge portion bead, the two loading zones overlap by 1/5-1/4 of the size of the local loading zone length.
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