CN110899588A - Local loading forming method for single-action press and combined die - Google Patents
Local loading forming method for single-action press and combined die Download PDFInfo
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- CN110899588A CN110899588A CN201911186249.5A CN201911186249A CN110899588A CN 110899588 A CN110899588 A CN 110899588A CN 201911186249 A CN201911186249 A CN 201911186249A CN 110899588 A CN110899588 A CN 110899588A
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- lower die
- die
- loading
- cushion block
- lock catch
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a local loading forming method for a single-action press and a combined die thereof, wherein the forming method comprises the following steps: firstly, applying load to an area corresponding to a lower die I which is lifted in a combined lower die; secondly, removing the cushion block, and moving the lower die I downwards so that the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II are in the same horizontal position; finally, the load is applied to the area corresponding to the lower die II. The die comprises a combined lower die, an upper die, a cushion block and a lock catch, wherein the lower die consists of a lower die I and a lower die II which are connected through the lock catch; the cushion block is placed on the lower surface of the lower die I, so that the upper surface of the lower die I is higher than the upper surface of the lower die II. The local loading forming method can effectively reduce the forming load of the integral complex-shaped component and improve the forming capacity of press equipment in industrial production; the fixed connection of the combined dies in different loading areas is realized in the local loading forming process by adopting a locking connection method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hot working forging forming process in the field of metal forming, in particular to a forming method and a combined die for realizing a local loading process on a single-action press, and further realizing the forming and manufacturing of a component with an integral complex shape under the condition of labor-saving loading.
Background
Aerospace components increasingly require large-scale integration, thin walls, light weight, complexity and increasingly strict performance requirements. The adoption of high-performance light alloy materials (such as titanium alloy) and light-weight structures (such as thin-wall, integral and ribbed structures) is an effective way for improving the performance and reliability of parts and realizing the light weight of equipment. However, the light high-strength material has large deformation resistance, poor plasticity and narrow processing window, belongs to a material difficult to deform, has a large integral and thin-wall structure with combined extreme sizes, has a complex shape, belongs to a structure difficult to form, and adopts the traditional integral forming method, so that the required forming load is large, and various defects are easy to occur in the forming process. Isothermal local loading is a flexible and labor-saving forming mode, provides a new feasible way for manufacturing the components, and can effectively meet the requirements of labor-saving and accurate plastic forming of large-scale complex components. In the combined lower die connecting method for the single-action press, fastening pieces are mostly used for fixed connection, and the method can cause gaps between combined dies and even separation of the combined dies during local loading, thereby causing defects of formed components. If the lock catch related by the method is adopted to fixedly connect the combined lower die, the combined lower die is restrained and fixed by the lock catch in the local loading and forming process, so that the forming problem caused by gaps among the block dies is effectively avoided, and the assembling and the disassembling are easy in the actual production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to realize labor-saving and accurate forming of a large complex integral component and reduce the forming load of the component by effectively connecting the split lower dies in the combined die and actively controlling the deformation area of local loading forming. Under the condition of proper control, not only can the macroscopic defect which possibly appears in the deformation process be avoided, but also the tissue form of the material can be regulated and controlled, and the forming quality and the service performance of the component are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a local loading forming method for a single-action press is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, applying load to an area corresponding to a lower die I which is heightened by a cushion block in a combined lower die; secondly, removing the cushion block, and moving the lower die I downwards so that the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II are in the same horizontal position; finally, the load is applied to the area corresponding to the lower die II.
Further, the local loading forming method for the single-action press is characterized by comprising the following more specific steps:
step one, acquiring a parting line between a lower die I and a lower die II according to the structural size and parameters of a target component.
And step two, designing the partitioning lower die, namely the lower die I and the lower die II, designing the appearance of the partitioning lower die according to the size and parameters of a target structural member, calculating the relevant size, and designing a groove on the side wall of the partitioning lower die.
And step three, designing a lock catch, wherein the overall dimension of the lock catch is designed according to the dimension of the groove in the side wall of the lower die of the split block in the step two.
And step four, designing the shape of the blank and calculating related size parameters according to the volume equality principle.
And step five, assembling the partitioned lower die, the cushion block and the lock catch, wherein the cushion block is padded below the lower die I, so that the upper surface of the lower die I is higher than the upper surface of the lower die II, and the lower die I is installed on a workbench of a press.
And step six, heating the blank to a specific temperature, placing the blank into a partitioned lower die cavity, and then placing an upper die on the integral combined lower die.
And step seven, starting the press after setting the loading speed, and carrying out a first loading step of local loading forming.
And step eight, after the first loading step is completed, removing the cushion block, and enabling the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II to be at the same horizontal position.
And step nine, performing a second loading step of local loading forming.
Step ten, after the second loading step of the local loading forming is finished, taking out the blank and carrying out heat treatment.
A local loading assembling die for single action press is characterized in that: the die comprises a lower die I, a lower die II, an upper die, a cushion block and a lock catch; the lower die I and the lower die II are fixedly connected by a lock catch; the cushion block is flat and is placed on the lower surface of the lower die I.
The local loading assembling die for single action press machine, lower mould I and II left and right settings of lower mould, be provided with the recess of vertical direction on the preceding and the following outside lateral wall of lower mould I, lower mould II respectively, lower mould I and lower mould II are connected through a hasp respectively at front and rear portion, be provided with a sand grip that matches with I recess of lower mould on every hasp respectively to and a sand grip that matches with II recesses of lower mould. The function of the device is to connect the lower die I and the lower die II into a whole to prevent the two partitioned lower dies from being separated from each other in the local loading forming process.
Further, in the local loading combined die for the single-action press, the size of the upper surface of the cushion block is the same as that of the lower surface of the lower die I. The loading device is placed on the lower surface of the lower die I and is used for heightening the lower die I, so that a blank area corresponding to the upper surface of the lower die I is loaded first, and a first loading step is completed.
The basic working principle of the local loading forming method and the combined die is as follows: firstly, placing the cushion block on the lower surface of the lower die I, assembling and installing the die on the table top of a press machine, secondly, placing the heated original blank in a die cavity of a combined die, and finally, carrying out local loading forming. The first loading step is to load the local area of the blank on the projection surface of the lower die I, remove the cushion block after the loading is finished, and move the lower die I downwards to enable the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II to be in the same horizontal plane; and a second loading step is carried out, the local area of the blank on the projection surface of the lower die II is loaded, and finally, an ideal component is formed through the accumulative deformation of different areas of the blank.
The difference between the local loading combined die and the integral loading die for the single-action press is as follows: the cushion block is lifted up from the lower die I, so that the blank on the upper surface of the lower die I is loaded and formed firstly, and the load is applied to only a local area of the blank, thereby reducing the overall forming load of the press; the lower die is designed to be partitioned and fixedly connected by adopting the lock catch, so that the lower die of the partitioning die is prevented from being separated from each other in the local loading and forming process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the step-by-step loading is realized, the load is only applied to the local area of the blank, and the deformation area of the blank is actively regulated and controlled, so that the overall forming load of the single-action press is reduced, and the forming capability of press equipment in industrial production can be effectively improved. 2. The lock catch connecting mode can replace the traditional fastener connecting mode, effectively realizes the connection of the block dies in the local loading area, prevents the block dies from being separated from each other in the local loading forming process, and therefore the local loading forming process is accurately controlled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional block diagram (half of the overall structure taken along the centerline) of a segmented mold of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the split mold (except for the upper mold).
FIG. 3 is a structural and dimensional parameter diagram of a feature.
Fig. 4 is a state diagram of the mold prior to the start of the first loading step of the forming method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a state diagram of the mold prior to the start of the second loading step of the forming method of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. lower mould I, 2, lower mould II, 3, blank, 4, go up the mould, 5, hasp, 6, cushion.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment further illustrates the forming method and the combined mold of the present invention by using a local loading forming process of a rib plate member feature structure, where the combined mold includes a combined lower mold, an upper mold 4, a cushion block 6 and a lock catch 5. FIG. 4 is the schematic diagram before the first loading step of local loading, the lower mould of assembling die comprises lower mould I1 and lower mould II 2, lower mould I1 and II 2 left and right settings of lower mould, be provided with the recess of vertical direction on the preceding and the following outside lateral wall of lower mould I1, II 2 of lower mould respectively, lower mould I1 and II 2 of lower mould are connected through a hasp 5 respectively at front and rear portion, be provided with a sand grip that matches with I recess of lower mould on every hasp 5 respectively to and a sand grip that matches with II recesses of lower mould. The function of the device is to connect the lower die I1 and the lower die II 2 into a whole to prevent the two partitioned lower dies from being separated from each other in the local loading forming process. Cushion 6 places in the lower surface of lower mould I1, makes the upper surface of lower mould I1 be higher than the upper surface of lower mould II 2. The upper surface of the cushion block 6 is in contact with the lower surface of the lower die I1 and is used for heightening the lower die I1, so that a blank area corresponding to the upper surface of the lower die I1 is loaded first, and a first loading step is completed.
Based on the local loading forming method and the combined die for the single-action press, the specific design implementation process comprises the following steps:
in the first step, a parting line is obtained according to the structural size and parameters of the target component. FIG. 3 is a graph showing rib member features and dimensional parameters, the split line being located as shown in FIG. 4 according to the dimensional parameters of the rib member features.
And designing a partitioning lower die in the second step. The overall dimensions of the lower die I1 and the lower die II 2, namely the length, the width and the wall thickness of the lower die I1 and the lower die II 2, can be designed according to the dimension of the rib plate member characteristic structure, and a side wall groove is designed.
And thirdly, designing the lock catch 5. And obtaining the size of the outline dimension of the lock catch 5 according to the size and the outline dimension of the side wall grooves of the lower die I1 and the lower die II 2.
And fourthly, designing the size of the blank 3 to be loaded according to the principle that the blank volume is equal in the local loading forming process.
And fifthly, assembling the lower die I1 of the partitioning lower die, the lower die II 2, the cushion block 6 and the lock catch 5, wherein the cushion block 6 is filled below the lower die I1, so that the upper surface of the lower die I1 is higher than the upper surface of the lower die II 2, and the lower die I1 and the lower die II 2 are installed on a workbench of a press.
And sixthly, heating the blank 3 and placing the blank into a partitioned lower die cavity. And after the fifth step is finished, starting the press machine, heating the blank 3 to a specific temperature, placing the blank into the partitioned lower die cavity, and placing the upper die 4 on the integral combined lower die.
The seventh step is the first loading step of the partial load forming, and the state before loading is shown in fig. 4. And after the sixth step is finished, setting related parameters of a first loading step of local loading forming, moving the upper die downwards, and carrying out the first loading step of local loading forming to load and form a local area of the blank on the projection surface of the lower die I.
And eighth, removing the cushion block. And after the seventh step is finished, removing the cushion block 6 to move the lower die I downwards.
The ninth step is a second loading step of partial load forming, and the state before loading is as shown in fig. 5. And after the eighth step is finished, setting related parameters of a second loading step of local loading forming, carrying out the second loading step of local loading forming, continuously deforming the undeformed region of the blank 3, and then obtaining a final component through accumulated deformation of different regions.
The tenth step is to take out the billet 3 and perform heat treatment. After the ninth step is completed, the partially loaded blank 3 is taken out and stress relief annealing is performed.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. All changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (5)
1. A local loading forming method for a single-action press is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, applying load to an area corresponding to a lower die I which is heightened by a cushion block in a combined lower die; secondly, removing the cushion block, and moving the lower die I downwards so that the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II are in the same horizontal position; finally, the load is applied to the area corresponding to the lower die II.
2. The partial load forming method for single action presses according to claim 1, characterised by the more specific steps of:
step one, acquiring a parting line between a lower die I and a lower die II according to the structural size and parameters of a target component;
designing a partitioning lower die, namely a lower die I and a lower die II, designing the appearance of the partitioning lower die according to the size and parameters of a target structural member, calculating the relevant size, and designing a groove on the side wall of the partitioning lower die;
step three, designing a lock catch, wherein the overall dimension of the lock catch is designed according to the dimension of the groove in the side wall of the lower die of the split block in the step two;
designing the shape of the blank and calculating related size parameters according to the volume equality principle;
step five, assembling the lower partitioning die, a cushion block and a lock catch, wherein the cushion block is padded below the lower die I, so that the upper surface of the lower die I is higher than the upper surface of the lower die II, and the lower partitioning die, the cushion block and the lock catch are installed on a workbench of a press;
sixthly, heating the blank to a specific temperature, placing the blank into a partitioned lower die cavity, and then placing an upper die on the integral combined lower die;
step seven, starting the press after setting the loading speed, and carrying out a first loading step of local loading forming;
step eight, after the first loading step is completed, removing the cushion block to enable the upper surface of the lower die I and the upper surface of the lower die II to be at the same horizontal position;
step nine, a second loading step of local loading forming is carried out;
step ten, after the second loading step of the local loading forming is finished, taking out the blank and carrying out heat treatment.
3. A local loading assembling die for single action press is characterized in that: the combined die is composed of a lower die I, a lower die II, an upper die, a cushion block and a lock catch, wherein the lock catch is used as a key part in the combined die and fixedly connects the lower die I with the lower die II.
4. A combination die for single action presses according to claim 3, characterised in that: the cushion block is flat and is placed on the lower surface of the lower die I.
5. A combination die for single action presses according to claim 3, characterised in that: the lower die I and the lower die II are arranged left and right, vertical grooves are respectively formed in the outer side walls of the front and the back of the lower die I and the lower die II, the front and the back of the lower die I and the lower die II are respectively connected through a lock catch, and each lock catch is respectively provided with a convex strip matched with the groove of the lower die I and a convex strip matched with the groove of the lower die II; the lock catch effectively prevents the combined lower die from being separated in the local loading process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911186249.5A CN110899588A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Local loading forming method for single-action press and combined die |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911186249.5A CN110899588A (en) | 2019-11-28 | 2019-11-28 | Local loading forming method for single-action press and combined die |
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| CN110899588A true CN110899588A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111804858A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-10-23 | 北京科技大学 | Mold and method for realizing continuous local loading forming of large-scale rib plate |
| CN112893729A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 南昌航空大学 | Method for forging branch type forge piece |
| CN112916782A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Local progressive loading precision forming die and method for ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111804858A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-10-23 | 北京科技大学 | Mold and method for realizing continuous local loading forming of large-scale rib plate |
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| CN112916782A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-06-08 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Local progressive loading precision forming die and method for ultra-long thin web high-rib complex component with local abrupt change characteristics |
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