CN112915117A - Application of walnut extract in preparation of burn wound treatment medicine - Google Patents

Application of walnut extract in preparation of burn wound treatment medicine Download PDF

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CN112915117A
CN112915117A CN202110414289.1A CN202110414289A CN112915117A CN 112915117 A CN112915117 A CN 112915117A CN 202110414289 A CN202110414289 A CN 202110414289A CN 112915117 A CN112915117 A CN 112915117A
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burn
wound
walnut extract
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谢岩
吴银生
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General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/52Juglandaceae (Walnut family)
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P17/00Drugs for dermatological disorders
    • A61P17/02Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like

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Abstract

The invention provides application of a walnut extract in preparing a burn wound treatment drug. The inventor finds that the walnut extract is used for treating burn wounds, has remarkable curative effect, effectively promotes repair of burn wounds which are difficult to heal, resists infection, inhibits scar hyperplasia, has no toxic or side effect, is convenient to use, easy to absorb, economical and practical, provides a high-efficiency, economical, convenient and practical burn wound therapy for patients, greatly reduces the burden of the patients, and effectively makes up various defects of the existing burn wound therapy for treating burn wounds which are difficult to heal.

Description

Application of walnut extract in preparation of burn wound treatment medicine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new application of walnut extracts, in particular to application of walnut extracts in preparing medicines for treating burn wounds.
Background
A burn is a damage to the skin or other tissue or organ caused primarily by high temperature, or by radiation, electricity, friction, or contact with chemicals. The burn not only brings huge economic burden to the nation and the society, but also causes huge mental trauma, physical pain and heavy economic burden to patients due to non-fatal burn, such as wound surfaces which are difficult to heal. The wound surface of the burn which is difficult to heal frequently occurs, is not healed for a long time, has high possibility of recurrence after healing, and has the risk of canceration. The treatment of burn wound surface which is difficult to heal is a relatively delicate problem in clinic and is also a research focus and a difficult point in the field of burn. Based on the above problems, there is a need for a new drug that can effectively treat burn wounds.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventors found in long-term studies that walnut extract has an excellent therapeutic effect on burn wounds, particularly burn wounds which are difficult to heal, and completed the present invention based on this finding.
The application provides the application of the walnut extract in preparing the medicine for treating the burn wound, wherein the walnut extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a walnut extract and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient, wherein the walnut extract comprises the following ingredients in amounts:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
In a third aspect, the present application provides the use of the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect of the present application in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of burn wounds.
The inventor finds that the walnut extract is used for treating burn wounds, has remarkable curative effect, effectively promotes repair of burn wounds which are difficult to heal, resists infection, inhibits scar hyperplasia, has no toxic or side effect, is convenient to use, easy to absorb, economical and practical, provides a high-efficiency, economical, convenient and practical burn wound therapy for patients, greatly reduces the burden of the patients, and effectively makes up various defects of the existing burn wound therapy for treating burn wounds which are difficult to heal.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and other embodiments can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the procedure of modeling the wound surface of a swine suffering from burn which is difficult to heal;
FIG. 2 shows the recovery of the wound after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days;
fig. 3 shows immunohistochemistry and Masson staining results for P63 and CK10 after 4 weeks of wound application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application are within the scope of protection of this application.
The application provides the application of the walnut extract in preparing the medicine for treating the burn wound, wherein the walnut extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
The carbon refers to the content of a simple substance in the walnut extract, and can be understood as simple substance carbon generated by carbonizing part of organic substances due to high temperature in the frying process.
The present application does not limit the preparation method of the walnut extract as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, and the walnut extract can be prepared, for example, by the following method: pulverizing Juglandis to 80-120 mesh, parching at 120-140 deg.C for 20-40 min, grinding, and sterilizing at 120-125 deg.C for 20-30 min to obtain the Juglandis extract.
The inventors found that the stir-frying temperature has a large influence on the content of the ingredients in the walnut extract, and not limited to any theory, and the inventors found that the effective ingredients in the extract are destroyed when the stir-frying temperature is too high, thereby reducing the therapeutic effect of the walnut extract. The inventor also finds that the sterilization condition also affects the efficacy of the walnut extract, the sterilization effect cannot be achieved due to too low temperature or too short time, the efficacy of the walnut extract can be reduced due to too high sterilization temperature or too long sterilization time, and the inventor finds that when the walnut extract is fried at 140 ℃ in 120-class, the walnut extract is especially crushed to 80-120 meshes firstly, then fried at 140 ℃ in 120-class, and further sterilized at 125 ℃ in 120-class, so that the obtained walnut extract has a better treatment effect on burn wounds.
In some embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the burn wound is a burn refractory wound.
In the present application, the burn refractory wound is defined as clinically defined as a burn refractory wound, which generally refers to a wound resulting from a severe burn in which the wound does not heal and has no tendency to heal or incorporates multiple drug resistant bacterial infections after 1 month of conventional treatment. The inventor finds that the walnut extract can be used for treating burn wounds in an external application mode, particularly has excellent treatment effect on burn wounds which are difficult to heal, and therefore can be used for preparing burn wound treatment medicines, particularly preparing burn wounds which are difficult to heal.
As used herein, the term "treatment" has its ordinary meaning and refers herein, in particular, to the treatment of a burn wound in an attempt to produce a therapeutic, healing, palliative, etc., effect on the burn wound.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a walnut extract and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient, wherein the walnut extract comprises the following ingredients in amounts:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be prepared by conventional techniques in the field of pharmaceutical preparations by obtaining the active ingredients of the raw materials of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, i.e., the walnut extract, by extraction, separation and purification means commonly used in pharmaceutical production, mixing with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, and then forming the desired dosage form. In some embodiments of the second aspect of the present application, the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of an ointment, which can be prepared according to conventional methods in the pharmaceutical field. In the application, the ointment can be applied to burn wounds and used for treating the burn wounds.
As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable" means having no substantial toxic effect when used in the usual dosage amounts, and thus being approved by the government or equivalent international organization or approved for use in animals, more particularly in humans, or registered in the pharmacopoeia.
The "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier" useful in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be any conventional carrier in the art of pharmaceutical formulation, and the selection of a particular carrier will depend on the mode of administration or the type and state of the disease used to treat a particular patient. The preparation of suitable pharmaceutical compositions for a particular mode of administration is well within the knowledge of those skilled in the pharmaceutical art. For example, the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient may be selected from at least one of solvents, diluents, dispersing agents, suspending agents, surfactants, isotonic agents, thickening agents, emulsifiers, preservatives, binders, lubricants, hydrating agents, emulsification accelerators, absorbents, colorants, fragrances, mold release agents, coating agents, flavoring agents, and antioxidants.
In a third aspect, the present application provides the use of the pharmaceutical composition of the second aspect of the present application in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of burn wounds.
In some embodiments of the third aspect of the present application, the burn wound is a burn wound that is refractory.
Example 1 walnut extract preparation and ingredient analysis
Removing shell of 1000g of walnut to obtain 500g of walnut kernel, pulverizing to 100 meshes by a pulverizer, stir-frying for 30 minutes at about 130 ℃, grinding, and sterilizing for 20 minutes at 121 ℃ by a pulse vacuum sterilizer to obtain 400g of walnut extract.
Taking 100mg of the walnut extract, and carrying out component analysis on the walnut extract by using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry, an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, Fourier transform micro-infrared spectrometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and an X-ray energy spectrometry to obtain 28.78mg of linolenic acid, 0.93mg of octadecanoic acid, 1.57mg of hexadecanoyl amide, 0.98mg of octadecanoyl amide, 1.38mg of tannic acid, 2.98mg of tyrosol, 7.06mg of oleamide and 12.38mg of carbon in the walnut extract.
Example 2 animal burn wound model establishment
(1) Ethics of animals: the ethics of animal experiments have passed. Animals used in the experiment are treated humanely, and the experimental process complies with relevant regulations of animal health care and protection laws and animal care and practice rules for scientific research.
(2) Experimental animals: 3 experimental Guangxi Bama miniature pigs (provided by Bainong experimental animal breeding science and technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin) with the weight of 19-21Kg and female property. Feeding in single cage made of steel and having a volume of 80 × 100 × 110cm2. The animals live in the animal raising room and the cage after being thoroughly disinfected by disinfectant and an ultraviolet lamp. Non-laboratory personnel were prohibited from entering the feeding room during the experiment. The feed for animals is fed at a dose of 150 g/time 2 times a day, with sufficient water (water is clean standard of tap water), irradiated by natural light, and controlled at room temperature of about 25 deg.C. The rearing room and the cages are disinfected periodically every week, and the feed trough and the water trough are cleaned before feeding each time.
(3) Modeling the refractory wound of the pig: after the miniature pig is fed conventionally, water is fasted for 12 hours, one side of the miniature pig lies down, and a new fast-sleeping injection is injected into the hip muscle to take effect after anesthesia. After the anesthesia takes effect, the operation platform is transferred to, and a vent pipe is placed in the mouth. After the disinfection of the back of the ear, the auricle vein indwelling needle is kept, the pain is fully relieved and the sedation is calmed, the skin is prepared in the back operation area, the iodophor is disinfected, a sterile sheet is laid, and the part which is expected to be scalded is marked. An aluminum block mold (265 g net weight of aluminum block mold, 1kg weight) was heated to 96 ℃ for 10 minutes. The mold was placed in intimate contact with the skin and the time of scalding was 45 seconds, 9 wounds per piglet. The back operation of 3 piglets remained consistent. After the operation, iodine disinfection, dressing with cotton pad and elastic sleeve are used for bandaging and fixing. The antibiotic is injected intravenously to prevent infection, and the intravenous injection analeptic is injected into a cage for 2ml and then transferred into the cage to keep warm. After waking up, the patient can take food 1 hour, and the oral rehydration salt is taken for drinking. Closely observe activities and signs.
FIG. 1 shows a molding process of a swine burn wound which is difficult to heal, wherein (a) is a burn wound; (b) the figure is a photomicrograph (40 times objective) of the tissue morphology of the burn wound 24 hours after the burn, with the scale bar being 200 μm; (c) an enlarged view of the area shown in the figure, scale bar 200 μm; (d) figure shows scab formation 3 weeks after burn; (e) the figure shows that the necrotic eschar is removed to form the refractory wound surface of the pig burn 4 weeks after the burn; (f) the figure is a photograph of a pig showing the gross appearance.
Example 3 healing experiment of wound surface of animal with burn difficult to heal
(1) Evaluation of healing efficacy of refractory wound surface repair
In order to verify the treatment effect of the invention on burn wounds, the walnut extract, the recombinant human epidermal growth factor (2000IU/mL, 15mL, shenzhen huashengyuan gene engineering development limited company, hereinafter referred to as growth factor) and the physiological saline in the embodiment 1 of the invention are respectively adopted to treat the difficult-to-heal pig burn wounds, and the healing conditions of the residual wounds on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 are shown in fig. 2.
Residual wound area (%) — (area after treatment/area before treatment) × 100%; wound healing rate (%) (pre-treatment area-post-treatment area/pre-treatment area) × 100%; as can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 2, the residual wound area was significantly reduced (p <0.05) at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the treatment with the walnut extract of the present invention, as compared to the saline group. The residual wound area was significantly reduced (p <0.05) on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment with the positive control growth factor.
TABLE 1 residual wound area (%)
Figure BDA0003025247300000061
1P is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group;2p is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group.
Table 2 shows that wound healing rates were significantly improved on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after treatment with the walnut extract of the present application (. p.ltoreq.0.05, compared to saline group), and wound healing rates were significantly improved on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after treatment with the positive control growth factor (# p.ltoreq.0.05, compared to saline group). These data indicate that the invention of the present application has the effect of improving the healing rate of burn wounds.
TABLE 2 wound healing Rate
Figure BDA0003025247300000062
1P is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group;2p is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group.
The wound healing time is shown in table 3, and as seen from table 3, the time required to complete 90% or more of the wound healing was 14.20 ± 1.11 days, 20.40 ± 2.93 days in the growth factor group, and 33.00 ± 1.70 days in the normal saline group. These data indicate that the walnut extract and the growth factor of the present invention both shorten the healing time of the wound compared to normal saline, and the walnut extract of the present invention can heal the wound faster than the growth factor group.
TABLE 3 wound healing time (Tian)
Figure BDA0003025247300000071
1P is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group;2p is less than 0.05, compared with the normal saline group;3p <0.05 compared to the growth factor group.
Through the evaluation of the wound repair curative effect, the inventor finds that the walnut extract can remarkably accelerate the healing speed of the wound which is difficult to heal after burning.
Example 4 epidermal proliferation and differentiation assays after wound repair
Reagent: CK10 primary antibody: abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1: 100; p63 primary antibody: biocare Medical, Concord, CA, United States, 1: 200; secondary antibody: a coat anti-mouse IgG secondary antibody, OriGene Technologies, Inc., Beijing, China; masson staining kit: solarbio, Beijing Solarbio Science & Technology co., Ltd
The epidermal proliferation and differentiation expression proteins after wound repair are positioned and analyzed by an immunohistochemical technology, and the immunohistochemical and Masson staining results after 4 weeks of wound application are shown in figure 3.
The over-expression of the P63 and CK10 proteins means cell proliferation and differentiation, wherein P63 is mainly expressed in keratinocyte proliferated on the basement layer, keratin 10(CK10) is mainly expressed in differentiated keratinocyte, the strength of the expression of the P63 and CK10 proteins can show the proliferation and differentiation of the keratinocyte in the epithelialization repair process of a wound surface, and the higher the expression of the P63 and CK10 proteins is, the faster the proliferation and differentiation of the cells are, so that the proliferation layer and the differentiation layer in the epidermis are over thick, and scars are easily formed; in the later period of wound repair, because the collagen fibers secreted by fibroblasts are increased, a large number of collagen fibers are obviously proliferated and densely arranged, and the subcutaneous collagen fibers are green by applying Masson dyeing. As can be seen from figure 3, after the walnut extract is used for treating a wound surface, each layer of the epidermis has a clear structure, a proliferation layer and a differentiation layer are obvious through immunohistochemical staining, and P63 and CK10 proteins are expressed less than growth factors, so that scar hyperplasia can be inhibited more favorably.
The result of the statistics of the integrated optical density of the positive proteins P63 and CK10 through Image-Pro Plus 6.0 is shown in Table 4, and the result shows that after the walnut extract is used for treating the wound surface, the IOD value of P63 is higher than that of a normal saline group and is obviously lower than that of a growth factor group (P is less than 0.05), which indicates that the expression of the P63 protein is weaker than that of the growth factor group; the IOD value of CK10 is obviously lower than that of a normal saline group and a growth factor group, which shows that the CK10 protein expression is weaker than that of the growth factor group and the normal saline group (P is less than 0.05), and the result further shows that the wound surface is more favorable for inhibiting the scar hyperplasia after the wound surface is healed by the walnut extract.
TABLE 4 immunohistochemical Integrated Optical Density (IOD)
Figure BDA0003025247300000081
1P<0.05, compared to the saline group;2P<0.05, compared to the saline group;3P<0.05, compared to the growth factor group.
Further, the present application measured the distance between the upper and lower borders of immunohistochemical CK10 and P63 staining, and the thickness of proliferation layer and differentiation layer of each group after 4 weeks of wound application was determined as shown in table 5. It can be seen that after the walnut extract and the growth factor of the application are used for treating wound surfaces, proliferation layers are thicker than normal saline groups, and the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05). Moreover, after the walnut extract is used for treating the wound surface, the thicknesses of a proliferation layer and a differentiation layer are thinner than those of a growth factor group, and the difference has statistical significance (P < 0.05). The results further demonstrate that treatment of wounds with the walnut extract of the present application is more beneficial to inhibiting scar hyperplasia than growth factors.
TABLE 5 comparison of proliferation and differentiation layer thicknesses
Figure BDA0003025247300000082
1P<0.05, compared to the saline group;2P<0.05, compared to the saline group;3P<0.05, compared to the growth factor group.
The results show that in the pig wound surface model difficult to heal, the walnut extract has an obvious healing effect on wound surfaces, particularly burn wound surfaces difficult to heal, and compared with a positive control drug recombinant human epidermal growth factor, the healing time of the walnut extract is obviously shortened compared with the growth factor; furthermore, when the walnut extract is used for treating the wound surface, compared with a growth factor group, the epidermal proliferation layer and the stratification layer are both thin, and the inhibition of scar hyperplasia is facilitated, so that the walnut extract has a better treatment effect compared with the conventional recombinant human epidermal growth factor.
Example 5 burn patients wound healing validation
Clinically, conventional treatment will usually be used (silver ion adjuvant combined with growth factor, 5,000IU/mL/10 cm)2) The wound that still fails to recover after 1 month is called the refractory wound. In the application, 60 patients with refractory wounds are collected, wherein 20 patients are treated by the walnut extract, 20 patients are treated by operation, 20 patients are treated by conventional dressing change, and the treatment results after 14 days are shown in table 6. Wherein, the wound surface is completely epithelialized to cure, the wound surface healing rate is more than or equal to 75 percent as obvious effect, the wound surface healing rate is less than or equal to 25 percent as ineffective effect, and the effective rate is (the number of curing cases plus the number of obvious cases)/the total cases. From table 6, the total effective rate of the walnut extract in the application for treating the burn wound surface which is difficult to heal is obviously higher than that of the conventional drug-changing group, the difference is statistically significant (P is less than 0.05), and the effective rate of the walnut extract in the application is also obviously improved (P is less than 0.05) compared with that of the operation group; moreover, the inventor also finds that the effective rate of the obtained walnut extract is further improved compared with the prior research (the effective rate is 79.6%, Qian Chen et al, BURNS, 2020).
TABLE 6 wound healing conditions (number/percentage of cases)
Figure BDA0003025247300000091
1P<0.05 compared to the conventional dressing change group;2P<0.05 compared to the conventional dressing change group;3p is less than 0.05 compared with the operation group.
Further, the walnut extract is used for treating infected wounds, repeatedly unhealed wounds and residual wounds which cannot be treated by an operation generally, 6 patients with 10 patients have completely healed wounds, 3 patients with obvious effect and 1 patient with no effect, the effective rate reaches 90%, and the walnut extract has a good treatment effect on the infected wounds, the repeatedly unhealed wounds and the residual wounds which cannot be treated by the operation.
The research shows that the walnut extract has excellent treatment effect on burn wound surfaces which are difficult to heal, the wound healing time is shorter, and scar hyperplasia can be inhibited better. Moreover, compared with recombinant human epidermal growth factor and surgical treatment, the walnut extract has lower cost, is beneficial to clinical application and popularization, and reduces the economic burden of patients.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The application of the walnut extract in preparing the burn wound treatment medicine is characterized in that the walnut extract comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the burn wound is a burn refractory wound.
3. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a walnut extract and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient, wherein the walnut extract comprises the following ingredients in amounts:
linolenic acid 300mg/g, octadecanoic acid 8-12mg/g, hexadecanoamide 13-17mg/g, octadecanoyl amide 8-12mg/g, tannic acid 10-15mg/g, tyrosol 28-32mg/g, oleamide 68-72mg/g and carbon 100-150 mg/g.
4. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 3, wherein the pharmaceutical composition is in the form of a paste.
5. The pharmaceutical composition according to claim 3, wherein the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or excipient is selected from at least one of a solvent, a diluent, a dispersing agent, a suspending agent, a surfactant, an isotonic agent, a thickening agent, an emulsifier, a preservative, a binder, a lubricant, a hydrating agent, an emulsification accelerator, an absorbent, a colorant, a flavoring agent, a mold release agent, a coating agent, a flavoring agent, and an antioxidant.
6. Use of a pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 3 to 5 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of burn wounds.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein the burn wound is a burn refractory wound.
CN202110414289.1A 2021-04-16 2021-04-16 Application of walnut extract in preparation of burn wound treatment medicine Pending CN112915117A (en)

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Citations (2)

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CN108949341A (en) * 2018-06-06 2018-12-07 孙学兵 A kind of preparation method of fresh walnut oil
CN111588835A (en) * 2020-06-24 2020-08-28 谢岩 Mixture for treating burn wound

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Title
QIAN CHEN 等: "Investigating the effects of walnut ointment on nonhealing burn wounds", 《BURNS》 *
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Application publication date: 20210608