CN112913609A - Gastrodia elata cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips and making method thereof - Google Patents
Gastrodia elata cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips and making method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112913609A CN112913609A CN202110083162.6A CN202110083162A CN112913609A CN 112913609 A CN112913609 A CN 112913609A CN 202110083162 A CN202110083162 A CN 202110083162A CN 112913609 A CN112913609 A CN 112913609A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting, and discloses a gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar wood chips and a manufacturing method of the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick, wherein the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of the poplar wood chips comprises, by mass, 45-60 parts of poplar wood chips, 10-15 parts of gold leaf extracts, 10-15 parts of dandelion extracts, 8-12 parts of adhesives, 5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 5-8 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of trace elements, 2-3 parts of plant growth promoters, 1-5 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of nutrient solution. The artificial wood stick provided by the invention can effectively ensure the oxygen throughput of the armillaria mellea, and the addition of the sucrose can provide sufficient glycogen and nutrient substances for the growth of the armillaria mellea, so that hypha and hemp seeds can grow. According to the method, the artificial wood sticks prepared from the poplar wood chips are used for replacing natural wood sticks and used for cultivating the gastrodia elata, so that a large amount of natural wood resources are saved, the consumption of natural wood for cultivating the gastrodia elata is reduced, and the purpose of protecting ecological plants is finally achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting, and particularly relates to a gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar sawdust and a manufacturing method of the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick.
Background
At present, Gastrodia elata (Gastrodia elata Bl.) is an orchidaceae plant, and dry tubers of the Gastrodia elata Bl are famous and precious traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China, and have the effects of calming wind and relieving spasm, calming liver yang, dispelling wind and dredging collaterals and the like. Is sold in korea, japan and southeast asia. The gastrodia elata medicinal material is mainly prepared by artificial cultivation at present. When the rhizoma gastrodiae is artificially cultivated, the rhizoma gastrodiae, the shoestring fungus and the wood stick with the diameter larger than 5cm are required to be cultivated together. Therefore, a large amount of wood, especially the slow-growing fagaceae trees, is consumed in the cultivation process of the gastrodia elata.
In recent years, research on gastrodia elata cultivation in a plurality of provinces and cities in China has achieved considerable results, but popularization and planting of gastrodia elata are still limited by natural resources, because broad-leaved trees of the fagaceae and the betulinaceae, on which gastrodia elata lives, such as chestnuts, quercus, birch, wild cherries, alder, watermelons and other trees are late-growing trees, are slow in growth speed and poor in regeneration capacity, are important ecological protection trees in mountainous areas of China, and are also important trees which are strictly prohibited from being harvested and harvested in disorder in China. If a large area of gastrodia elata is planted, the broad-leaved trees are felled without control, and forest resources are seriously damaged.
For the above reasons, the contradiction between the gastrodia elata popularization and planting and the ecological environment protection still cannot be solved so far, the popularization and the expansion of the gastrodia elata planting are always limited by forest resources, and the modern, industrialized and standardized planting scale cannot be formed to meet the requirements.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the popularization and expansion of the existing gastrodia elata planting are limited by forest resources, and the planting scale is difficult to meet the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar wood chips and a making method thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that the method for manufacturing the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial wood stick made of the poplar wood chips comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing poplar wood chips: drying poplar in the sun, in the shade or in the air, crushing the dried poplar by using a crusher, and sieving the crushed poplar with a 200-mesh and 250-mesh sieve to obtain poplar sawdust for later use;
step two, preparing nutrient solution by using white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate: selecting soybeans without mildew and rot, washing with clear water, air drying, and pulverizing to obtain soybean powder; mixing the obtained soybean powder with water, stirring, and boiling; adding white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring; sterilizing the mixed solution with high pressure steam, and cooling to obtain nutrient solution;
step three, separating stems, inflorescences and seeds of the dandelion, respectively cleaning and disinfecting the stems, inflorescences and seeds of the dandelion, respectively crushing the stems, inflorescences and seeds into powder, and sieving the powder by a sieve of 80-90 meshes for later use; decocting the stem powder of herba Taraxaci with 10 times of water at 130 deg.C for three times at 120-;
adding 5-8 times of distilled water into dandelion seed powder and inflorescence powder, extracting for three times under the ultrasonic condition with the frequency of 40-80kHz and the temperature of 40-60 ℃, filtering, combining the filtrate, centrifuging the filtrate in a centrifugal machine, filtering again, concentrating, and performing spray drying treatment to obtain dandelion seed and inflorescence extract powder for later use;
step five, respectively carrying out freeze drying and crushing on the obtained dandelion stem extract powder, dandelion seeds and inflorescence extract powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve and a 300-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a dandelion extract;
step six, preparing sodium alginate: drying herba Zosterae Marinae or Sargassum, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae powder or Sargassum powder; mixing herba Zosterae Marinae powder or Sargassum powder with betaine water solution, heating for reaction, and centrifuging to obtain insoluble substance and supernatant; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the obtained supernatant to obtain a precipitate; washing the precipitate with ethanol, and oven drying to obtain sodium alginate;
seventhly, preparing the gold leaf extract by using the gold leaves and the alcohol solution; mixing the obtained gold leaf extract, dandelion extract, sodium alginate, sucrose and gypsum powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
step eight, uniformly mixing the mixture with a plant growth promoter, trace elements, a nutrient solution and an adhesive to obtain a press bar prediction material;
step nine, filling the rod pressing material into a mold, putting the mold into a manual wood rod pressing machine, and pressing to 30Mpa for molding; and taking down the mold, and taking out the molded expected material from the mold to obtain the rhizoma gastrodiae cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips.
Further, in the second step, the high-pressure steam sterilization method comprises the following steps: sterilizing the mixed solution at 120-160 deg.C under high pressure steam for 10-15 min.
Further, in the third step, the decocting for three times comprises: the first time is 60-70min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-90 min.
Further, in step four, the ultrasonic extraction three times includes: the first time is 40-50min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-95 min.
Further, in the sixth step, the centrifugal separation method comprises: after the heating reaction, the mixture is placed on a centrifugal machine with 4000-.
Further, in the seventh step, the preparation of the gold leaf extract comprises:
(1) mixing pulverized and undried folium Viticis negundo with alcoholic solution, and ultrasonic extracting at 60 deg.C or lower to obtain folium Vitis negundo primary extract;
(2) concentrating the obtained primary extract of the golden leaf, adding caprylic/capric triglyceride, mixing and dissolving, adding saline water for dilution, standing, and separating oil from water to obtain the golden leaf extract.
The invention also aims to provide the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick prepared from the poplar wood chips, which is prepared by the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick preparation method prepared from the poplar wood chips, and comprises, by mass, 45-60 parts of poplar wood chips, 10-15 parts of a goldenrod leaf extract, 10-15 parts of a dandelion extract, 8-12 parts of an adhesive, 5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 5-8 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of trace elements, 2-3 parts of a plant growth promoter, 1-5 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of a nutrient solution.
Further, the adhesive is urea-formaldehyde resin glue.
Further, the plant growth promoter is one or more of compound sodium nitrophenolate, indoleacetic acid and brassinolide.
Further, the nutrient solution consists of white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the artificial stick can effectively ensure the oxygen throughput of the armillaria mellea, and the addition of the cane sugar and the like can provide sufficient glycogen and nutrient substances for the growth of the armillaria mellea, so that hypha and hemp seeds can grow. The invention has the advantages of thick and strong growth of the mycelium and good growth of the hypha. The invention uses poplar wood chips to prepare fungus sticks, thereby protecting broad-leaved trees from being subjected to the cutting in an uncontrolled way and protecting forest resources and environment; the method solves the contradiction between the promotion and planting of the gastrodia elata and the ecological environment protection, provides a new way for planting the gastrodia elata, is suitable for promotion and expansion of the gastrodia elata planting, and can form modern, industrialized and standardized planting scale to meet the requirements.
The invention utilizes the poplar wood chips to prepare the artificial wood sticks to replace partial natural wood sticks for the substitute cultivation of the gastrodia elata, thereby greatly saving natural wood resources, reducing the consumption of the gastrodia elata cultivation on natural wood and finally realizing the aim of protecting ecological plants.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar wood chips according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for preparing nutrient solution by using white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a gold leaf extract according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of a method for preparing the dandelion extract according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for preparing sodium alginate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar wood chips and a manufacturing method thereof, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
The gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of poplar wood chips provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by mass, 45-60 parts of poplar wood chips, 10-15 parts of gold leaf extracts, 10-15 parts of dandelion extracts, 8-12 parts of adhesives, 5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 5-8 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of trace elements, 2-3 parts of plant growth promoters, 1-5 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of nutrient solutions.
The adhesive provided by the embodiment of the invention is urea-formaldehyde resin glue.
The plant growth promoter provided by the embodiment of the invention is one or more of compound sodium nitrophenolate, indoleacetic acid and brassinolide.
The nutrient solution provided by the embodiment of the invention consists of white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for manufacturing the rhizoma gastrodiae cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, drying poplar in the sun, in the shade or in the air, crushing the dried poplar by using a crusher, and sieving the crushed poplar with a 200-mesh and 250-mesh sieve to obtain poplar sawdust; preparing a nutrient solution by using white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate;
s102, preparing a gold leaf extract, a dandelion extract and sodium alginate respectively; mixing the obtained gold leaf extract, dandelion extract, sodium alginate, sucrose and gypsum powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
s103, uniformly mixing the mixture with a plant growth promoter, trace elements, an adhesive and a nutrient solution to obtain a rod pressing expected material;
s104, filling the rod pressing material into a mold, putting the mold into a manual wood rod pressing machine, and pressing to 30Mpa for molding; and taking down the mold, and taking out the molded expected material from the mold to obtain the rhizoma gastrodiae cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S101, the preparing a nutrient solution using white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s201, selecting soybeans without mildew and rot, washing with clean water, air-drying, and crushing to obtain soybean meal;
s202, mixing the obtained soybean meal with water, uniformly stirring and boiling; adding white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring;
s203, sterilizing the mixed solution at the temperature of 120-160 ℃ by high-pressure steam for 10-15min, and cooling to obtain the nutrient solution.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S102 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparing of the gold leaf extract includes:
s301, mixing the crushed undried gold leaves with an alcohol solution, and performing ultrasonic extraction at the temperature of less than or equal to 60 ℃ to obtain a gold leaf primary extract;
s302, concentrating the obtained gold leaf primary extract, adding caprylic/capric triglyceride, mixing and dissolving, and adding saline water for dilution;
s303, standing, and performing oil-water separation on the mixture to obtain the gold leaf extract.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S102 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the dandelion extract includes:
s401, separating stems, inflorescences and seeds of dandelion, respectively cleaning and disinfecting the stems, inflorescences and seeds of the dandelion, respectively crushing the stems, inflorescences and seeds into powder, and sieving the powder by a sieve of 80-90 meshes for later use;
s402, adding 10 times of water into the dandelion stem powder, decocting for three times at the temperature of 120-;
s403, adding 5-8 times of distilled water into dandelion seed powder and inflorescence powder, extracting for three times under the ultrasonic condition with the frequency of 40-80kHz and the temperature of 40-60 ℃, filtering, combining filtrate, placing the filtrate in a centrifuge for centrifugation, filtering again, concentrating, and performing spray drying treatment to obtain dandelion seed and inflorescence extract powder for later use;
s404, respectively carrying out freeze drying and crushing on the obtained dandelion stem extract powder, dandelion seeds and inflorescence extract powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve and a 300-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain the dandelion extract.
The three times of decoction provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise: the first time is 60-70min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-90 min.
The three times of ultrasonic extraction provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise: the first time is 40-50min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-95 min.
As shown in fig. 5, in step S102 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of sodium alginate includes:
s501, drying the kelp or the seaweed, crushing, and sieving to obtain kelp powder or seaweed powder;
s502, mixing kelp powder or seaweed powder with a betaine aqueous solution, heating for reaction, and performing centrifugal separation to obtain insoluble substances and a supernatant;
s503, adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the obtained supernatant to obtain a precipitate; washing the precipitate with ethanol, and drying to obtain sodium alginate.
The centrifugal separation method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: after the heating reaction, the mixture is placed on a centrifugal machine with 4000-.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein, which is within the spirit and principle of the present invention, should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for manufacturing the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial wood stick made of the poplar wood chips is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, preparing poplar wood chips: drying poplar in the sun, in the shade or in the air, crushing the dried poplar by using a crusher, and sieving the crushed poplar with a 200-mesh and 250-mesh sieve to obtain poplar sawdust for later use;
step two, preparing nutrient solution by using white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate: selecting soybeans without mildew and rot, washing with clear water, air drying, and pulverizing to obtain soybean powder; mixing the obtained soybean powder with water, stirring, and boiling; adding white sugar, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium sulfate, and stirring; sterilizing the mixed solution with high pressure steam, and cooling to obtain nutrient solution;
step three, separating stems, inflorescences and seeds of the dandelion, respectively cleaning and disinfecting the stems, inflorescences and seeds of the dandelion, respectively crushing the stems, inflorescences and seeds into powder, and sieving the powder by a sieve of 80-90 meshes for later use; decocting the stem powder of herba Taraxaci with 10 times of water at 130 deg.C for three times at 120-;
adding 5-8 times of distilled water into dandelion seed powder and inflorescence powder, extracting for three times under the ultrasonic condition with the frequency of 40-80kHz and the temperature of 40-60 ℃, filtering, combining the filtrate, centrifuging the filtrate in a centrifugal machine, filtering again, concentrating, and performing spray drying treatment to obtain dandelion seed and inflorescence extract powder for later use;
step five, respectively carrying out freeze drying and crushing on the obtained dandelion stem extract powder, dandelion seeds and inflorescence extract powder, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve and a 300-mesh sieve, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain a dandelion extract;
step six, preparing sodium alginate: drying herba Zosterae Marinae or Sargassum, pulverizing, and sieving to obtain herba Zosterae Marinae powder or Sargassum powder; mixing herba Zosterae Marinae powder or Sargassum powder with betaine water solution, heating for reaction, and centrifuging to obtain insoluble substance and supernatant; adding absolute ethyl alcohol into the obtained supernatant to obtain a precipitate; washing the precipitate with ethanol, and oven drying to obtain sodium alginate;
seventhly, preparing the gold leaf extract by using the gold leaves and the alcohol solution; mixing the obtained gold leaf extract, dandelion extract, sodium alginate, sucrose and gypsum powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
step eight, uniformly mixing the mixture with a plant growth promoter, trace elements, a nutrient solution and an adhesive to obtain a press bar prediction material;
step nine, filling the rod pressing material into a mold, putting the mold into a manual wood rod pressing machine, and pressing to 30Mpa for molding; and taking down the mold, and taking out the molded expected material from the mold to obtain the rhizoma gastrodiae cultivation artificial wood stick made of poplar wood chips.
2. The method for manufacturing the artificial stick for cultivating the gastrodia elata made of the poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the high-pressure steam sterilization method comprises the following steps: sterilizing the mixed solution at 120-160 deg.C under high pressure steam for 10-15 min.
3. The method for preparing the artificial stick for cultivating the gastrodia elata by using the poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third step, the decoction for three times comprises the following steps: the first time is 60-70min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-90 min.
4. The method for manufacturing the artificial stick for cultivating the gastrodia elata made of the poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the ultrasonic extraction for three times comprises the following steps of: the first time is 40-50min, the second time is 70-80min, and the third time is 85-95 min.
5. The method for manufacturing the artificial stick for cultivating the gastrodia elata made of the poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the centrifugal separation method comprises the following steps: after the heating reaction, the mixture is placed on a centrifugal machine with 4000-.
6. The method for preparing the artificial stick for cultivating the gastrodia elata by using the poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the seventh step, the preparation of the gold leaf extract comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing pulverized and undried folium Viticis negundo with alcoholic solution, and ultrasonic extracting at 60 deg.C or lower to obtain folium Vitis negundo primary extract;
(2) concentrating the obtained primary extract of the golden leaf, adding caprylic/capric triglyceride, mixing and dissolving, adding saline water for dilution, standing, and separating oil from water to obtain the golden leaf extract.
7. The gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick made of the poplar wood chips, prepared by the gastrodia elata cultivation artificial stick making method made of the poplar wood chips according to any one of claims 1 to 6, is characterized by comprising, by mass, 45-60 parts of poplar wood chips, 10-15 parts of gold leaf extracts, 10-15 parts of dandelion extracts, 8-12 parts of adhesives, 5-10 parts of sodium alginate, 5-8 parts of sucrose, 3-5 parts of trace elements, 2-3 parts of plant growth promoters, 1-5 parts of gypsum powder and 1-3 parts of nutrient solutions.
8. The artificial stick for cultivating gastrodia elata made of poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 7, wherein the adhesive is urea-formaldehyde resin glue.
9. The artificial stick for cultivating gastrodia elata made of poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 7, wherein the plant growth promoter is one or more of compound sodium nitrophenolate, indoleacetic acid and brassinolide.
10. The artificial stick for cultivating gastrodia elata made of poplar wood chips as claimed in claim 7, wherein the nutrient solution is composed of white sugar, monopotassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate.
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