CN112909323A - Battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments - Google Patents
Battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments Download PDFInfo
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- CN112909323A CN112909323A CN202110106593.XA CN202110106593A CN112909323A CN 112909323 A CN112909323 A CN 112909323A CN 202110106593 A CN202110106593 A CN 202110106593A CN 112909323 A CN112909323 A CN 112909323A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments, and relates to the field of lithium batteries. The battery pack comprises a box body, a battery core, an electrothermal film component, a PCB circuit board, a relay, a shunt and a fuse which are arranged in the box body, a connector, a heating port and a communication port which are arranged on the box body, and a battery management system arranged outside the box body; the electrothermal film assembly consists of an electrothermal film and an electrode guide sheet, wherein the electrothermal film comprises a lower protective layer, a heating body, an electrode belt and an upper protective layer; the electric heating film is arranged on one surface of the battery core to form a battery semi-finished product, and a plurality of battery semi-finished products are superposed to form a battery module; the battery can be charged and discharged normally at the temperature of between 65 ℃ below zero and 60 ℃, has wide application range and strong adaptability, can be used in northern cold regions, extremely hot environments and high-altitude regions, and has simple preparation method and convenient assembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium batteries, in particular to a battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments.
Background
In desert areas, sunshine time is sufficient in the daytime, solar energy resources are rich, and solar energy can be converted into electric energy for utilization through photovoltaic power generation. However, because photovoltaic power generation is unstable, the problems of wave peaks and wave troughs exist, the power grid safety is easily impacted, and the energy storage battery is required to perform frequency modulation and peak shaving on the power grid running.
The temperature difference between day and night in desert areas is large, the temperature in the day is as high as more than 60 ℃, and the temperature at night is as low as less than-40 ℃, so that the energy storage battery is required to have good high-temperature and low-temperature performance.
In addition, in the cold area in north, can see often in winter, because of the weather temperature is too low, the electric motor car can not normally work, appears regular "nest prone" news.
At present, the lowest service temperature of a commercial conventional lithium ion battery can only reach-20 ℃ generally, and a considerable number of application environments need to be lower than the working temperature; the discharge capacity of the lithium battery is seriously reduced at low temperature, for example, the discharge capacity of the lithium battery can only reach 10 to 30 percent of the discharge capacity at room temperature under the environment of minus 40 ℃, and the special low-temperature battery can not be normally used under the environment of ultralow temperature of minus 65 ℃ although the discharge capacity at minus 40 ℃ reaches more than 60 percent.
Although batteries capable of being discharged and used in a low-temperature environment can be prepared at present, the charging problem in a low-temperature environment is still not solved.
The reason for this is that, in a low-temperature environment, the electrical conductivity of the active materials of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is reduced, the viscosity of the electrolyte is rapidly increased, the migration of lithium ions between the electrodes is very difficult, the thermodynamic characteristics of the carbon negative electrode are deteriorated, the lithium ion intercalation/deintercalation capability is weakened, the lithium ions are deposited on the surface in the form of metal lithium, and the lithium ions accumulate over time to form lithium dendrites to pierce through the separator, thereby causing the risks of safety accidents such as short circuit between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and combustion. Meanwhile, part of lithium dendrites can also become dead lithium, so that the cycling capacity of the battery is reduced, and the service life of the battery is shortened. Therefore, when the lithium battery is used in an ultralow temperature environment, on one hand, the lithium battery cannot be charged, and on the other hand, the lithium battery cannot be discharged.
In conclusion, how to improve the charge-discharge performance of the lithium ion battery at the low temperature of minus 40 ℃ and meet the working requirements under the high-cold and extremely hot environmental conditions becomes a difficult problem to be solved urgently in the field of energy storage lithium batteries.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a battery pack capable of working in high cold and extremely hot environments, and the battery pack has the advantage of normal charge and discharge working in a temperature range of-65 ℃ to +60 ℃.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
The embodiment of the application provides a battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments, and the battery pack comprises a box body, a battery core, an electric heating membrane assembly, a PCB (printed circuit board), a relay, a shunt and a fuse, which are arranged in the box body, a connector, a heating port and a communication port which are arranged on the box body, and a battery management system arranged outside the box body;
the electric heating film assembly comprises an electric heating film and an electrode guide piece, the electric heating film comprises a lower protective layer, a heating body, an electrode belt and an upper protective layer, the electric heating film is arranged on one surface of the battery core to form a battery semi-finished product, and a plurality of battery semi-finished products are stacked to form a battery module; the PCB is arranged on the side surface of the battery module, and electrode guide sheets arranged on the electrode belts penetrate through holes in the PCB and are welded with the welding plates to form a battery module;
the electrode belts comprise a positive electrode belt and a negative electrode belt, and the positive electrode belt and the negative electrode belt are both arranged on the surface of the heating body;
the heating body is made of a flexible carbon fiber film prepared by a non-woven fabric process;
the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer are made of non-woven fabrics;
the upper protection layer, the heating body and the lower protection layer are sequentially stacked.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1) the invention adopts the electrolyte of the high-low temperature fusion system as the electrolyte of the battery core, so that the battery has wide use environment temperature, and the battery pack prepared by the invention can be normally charged and discharged in the temperature range of-65 ℃ to +60 ℃, therefore, the battery pack prepared by the invention has wide application range and strong adaptability, and can be normally used in cold areas in the north, extremely hot environments and high altitude areas.
2) The battery pack realizes intelligent monitoring and management of the whole processes of charging, discharging and heating, is provided with double protection measures of software (for controlling the opening and closing of a relay) and a hardware circuit (a fuse), ensures that the battery pack works under proper conditions, and has the advantage of high safety.
3) The electric heating film is arranged outside the battery cell, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in assembly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the electric heating film;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrothermal film;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an electrothermal film assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery semi-finished product;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a battery module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the shape and structure of a battery pack;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram.
The labels in the figure are: 100A-an electrothermal film component; 100-electric heating film; 101-a lower protective layer; 102-a heating element; 103-electrode band; 104-an upper protective layer; 200-electric core; 300-electrode tab; 700-PCB circuit board; 700 a-pad; 600A-battery pack discharging positive plug-in; 600B-battery pack discharge negative connector; 800A-battery pack charging positive plug-in; 800B-battery pack charging negative connector; 900-heating port; 1000-a communication port; 1001 — total FUSE (FUSE); 1002-upper cover; 1003-lower box.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
A battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments comprises a box body, a battery core 200, an electrothermal film assembly 100A, PCB circuit board 700, a relay, a shunt and a fuse, which are arranged in the box body, a connector, a heating port 900 and a communication port 1000 which are arranged on the box body, and a battery management system arranged outside the box body;
the electric heating film assembly 100A is composed of an electric heating film 100 and an electrode guide piece 300, the electric heating film 100 comprises a lower protective layer 101, a heating body 102, an electrode belt 103 and an upper protective layer 104, the upper protective layer 104 and the lower protective layer 101 are arranged on two sides of the heating body 102, and the electrode belt 103 is located between the heating body 102 and the protective layers. The electric heating film 100 is arranged on one surface of the battery core 200 to form a battery semi-finished product, and a plurality of battery semi-finished products are overlapped to form a battery module; the PCB 700 is disposed on the side surface of the battery module, and the electrode tabs 300 disposed on the electrode strips 103 pass through the holes of the PCB 700 and are welded to the lands 700a to form the battery pack;
the electrode strip 103 comprises a positive electrode strip and a negative electrode strip, and the positive electrode strip and the negative electrode strip are both arranged on the surface of the heating body 102;
the heating element 102 is made of a flexible carbon fiber film prepared by a non-woven fabric process;
the upper protection layer 104 and the lower protection layer 101 are made of non-woven fabrics; the electric heating film 100 adopts a carbon fiber film prepared by a non-woven fabric process as a heating body 102, the working voltage of the element is a safe direct-current voltage lower than 30V, the electric heating film is supplied with power by a battery or an external power supply, the highest electric heating temperature is adjustable and controllable, stable heating of the battery core 200 under a low-temperature condition can be realized, and then the non-woven fabric is selected as a protective layer of the heating body 102, so that the electric core 200 can be quickly heated, the heat dissipation of the battery under a high-temperature condition is facilitated, meanwhile, an insulating and isolating effect is also realized, and the interference on a subsequent battery sampling circuit; in addition, in order to ensure normal use and heat dissipation of the battery under high temperature conditions, the electrothermal film 100 is attached to only one surface of the battery cell 200. Through the operation, the normal use of the battery under the temperature condition of-65 ℃ to +60 ℃ can be finally realized.
Preferably, the material of the non-woven fabric is one of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and Polyethylene (PE).
Preferably, a plurality of vent holes are distributed on the surface of the electrothermal film 100 made of the flexible carbon fiber. The invention discovers that the problems of poor air permeability and poor heat radiation of the carbon fiber film caused by the fact that the carbon fiber film is covered by the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer, and the vent holes are formed in the surface of the electrothermal film 100, so that the heat radiation area can be increased through the inner wall of the vent holes, the electrothermal conversion efficiency and the radiation effect of the electrothermal film 100 are effectively improved, and the electrothermal film is more beneficial to being used in an ultralow temperature environment.
More preferably, the diameter of the vent hole is 1-3 mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is 5-15 mm.
As an implementation mode, the upper protection layer 104, the heating element 102, the electrode belt 103 and the lower protection layer 101 are bonded together through conductive paste, the conductive paste is prepared by mixing a binder, a conductive agent, a thickening agent and a solvent, and the mass ratio of the binder, the conductive agent and the thickening agent is 2.5-4.5: 2.5-5.5: 1; the mass ratio of the total mass of the adhesive, the conductive agent and the thickening agent to the solvent is 1: 0.05 to 0.15.
As an embodiment, the binder is one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile-tetramethacrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene esters and styrene butadiene rubber; the adhesive can solve the problems between the upper and lower protective layers and the heating element 102, has the advantages of firm bonding and no change of the flexibility of the material, does not denature at the low temperature of-65 ℃, and can realize normal use at the ultralow temperature.
The conductive agent is one or more of carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, graphene, Super-p, carbon nano tube, conductive carbon black and conductive graphite;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the solvent is one or more of deionized water, distilled water, acetone and N-methyl pyrrolidone.
The box body consists of an upper cover 1002 and a lower box body 1003; the relay comprises a main negative relay, a heating relay, a charging positive relay and a charging negative relay; the connectors comprise a battery pack discharging positive connector 600A, a battery pack discharging negative connector 600B, a battery pack charging positive connector 800A, a battery pack charging negative connector 800B, a heating port 900, a communication port 1000 and a total FUSE (FUSE) 1001; the connectors are all arranged on the lower box body 1003; the main negative relay, the heating relay, the charging positive relay, the charging negative relay, the shunt and the battery module are all arranged in the box body; the battery management system monitors and manages the current, the voltage and the temperature of the battery pack in time through a communication port 1000 arranged on the lower box body 1003, so as to realize the control and management of the whole process of heating, charging and discharging the battery pack; when the battery pack is overcharged, overdischarged, overcurrent, short-circuited or overtemperature, the relay is switched off to ensure the safety of the battery pack.
As an embodiment, the thickness of the flexible carbon fiber film is 0.5mm to 2 mm;
the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.3-1 mm.
As an embodiment, the battery cell 200 is a solid polymer low-temperature battery cell with discharge capacity of more than 85% in an environment of-40 ℃. The standard charging temperature of the lithium battery is 0-45 ℃, the lithium battery can be charged at a temperature higher than 45 ℃, but can generate heat, and the temperature of the environment required by charging can be ensured by utilizing the air conditioner of the machine room to cool. On the one hand, the problem of low-temperature discharge in the range of 0 to minus 40 ℃ is a mature technology, and on the basis, the invention can solve the problem of low-temperature discharge in the range of minus 40 to minus 65 ℃ and the problem of charging at the temperature of minus 65 to 0 ℃ through the electric heating film 100, which can be twice the result of half the effort; on the other hand, the solid polymer battery cell can be in any shape and size, and can be tightly attached to the electrothermal film 100, the surface temperature consistency of the battery cell 200 is good, the capacity of the monomer battery cell of the polymer system can reach 3000Ah at most, and the application scene of the invention can be expanded.
The positive electrode material of the battery cell 200 is any one of lithium cobaltate, a ternary material and modified lithium manganate, the negative electrode material of the battery cell 200 is any one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon and hard carbon, and the electrolyte of the battery cell 200 is a high-low temperature fusion system electrolyte.
As an embodiment, the method for manufacturing the battery module includes:
stripping off a small upper protective layer 104 above the electrode strip 103, and welding an electrode lead piece 300 on the electrode strip 103 of the electrothermal film 100 to form an electrothermal film assembly 100A;
attaching double-sided adhesive tapes at four corners of one surface of the electrothermal film assembly 100A to be attached to one surface of the battery core 200 to form a battery semi-finished product;
stacking a plurality of the semi-finished products of the battery in sequence to form a battery module, fixing the PCB 700 on the side surface of the battery module, penetrating the electrode tab 300 through a square hole formed in the PCB 700, and welding the electrode tab 300 on the corresponding pad 700a to form the battery module.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the welding of the electrode tabs 300 is laser welding or soldering or resistance welding.
The preparation method of the heating film comprises the following steps:
cleaning the surfaces of the heating element 102 and the electrode belt 103 by using a plasma cleaning machine, respectively coating the slurry on the two surfaces of the heating element 102 and the electrode belt 103, and drying;
cleaning the surface of the protective layer by using a plasma cleaning machine, uniformly coating the slurry on one surface of the upper protective layer 104 and the lower protective layer 101, and drying;
pressing an electrode belt 103 on one side of a heating body 102 through a thermal compounding process of a roller press;
the upper protective layer 104 and the lower protective layer 101 are bonded to the surfaces of the heating element 102 and the electrode belt 103 by a thermal lamination process using a roll press.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples
The present embodiment relates to a battery pack capable of operating in an alpine and severe heat environment, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the battery pack includes a battery cell 200, an electrothermal film assembly 100A, and a PCB circuit board 700; the electrothermal film assembly 100A consists of an electrothermal film 100 and an electrode lead piece 300;
the electric heating film 100 includes a lower protective layer 101, a heating element 102, an electrode band 103 and an upper protective layer 104, as shown in fig. 2, the upper protective layer 104 and the lower protective layer 101 are disposed on two sides of the heating element 102, and the electrode band 103 is disposed between the heating element 102 and the upper protective layer 104 in this embodiment. The heating element 102 is a carbon fiber film prepared by a non-woven fabric process, and the upper protective layer 104 and the lower protective layer 101 are both non-woven fabrics; the electrode band 103 is connected to the battery cell 200 or an external battery through an electrode tab 300, and the electrode tab 300 is made of a conductive metal sheet and a film through thermocompression bonding.
The electrode lead pieces 300 are used when connected with a heating power supply, and a circuit required for heating the battery cell 200 is formed by connecting the electrode lead pieces 300 arranged at two sides of the electrothermal film 100;
the electrothermal film 100 is attached to one surface of the battery cell 200 to form a battery semi-finished product; the battery semi-finished products are sequentially stacked to form a battery module, the PCB 700 is arranged on the side surface of the battery module, the electrode lead 300 on the electrode belt 103 penetrates through a square hole formed in the PCB 700, and the electrode lead is welded on a corresponding welding plate 700a in a welding mode to form a battery pack.
The upper protective layer 104, the electrode belt 103, the heating element 102 and the lower protective layer 101 are bonded together through conductive paste, and the conductive paste is prepared by mixing an adhesive, a conductive agent, a thickening agent and a solvent.
The adhesive is one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile-tetra-methyl acrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene esters and styrene butadiene rubber; the conductive agent is one or more of carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, graphene, Super-p, carbon nano tube, conductive carbon black and conductive graphite; the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose; the solvent is one or more of deionized water, distilled water, acetone and N-methyl pyrrolidone. The adhesive in the embodiment is a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride and polyimide, the conductive agent is a mixture of graphene and carbon nanotubes (the mass ratio is 1: 1), the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the solvent is deionized water; in this example, the mass ratio of the binder, the conductive agent, and the thickener was 3: 5: 1; the mass ratio of the total mass of the adhesive, the conductive agent and the thickening agent to the solvent is 1: 0.05.
in this embodiment, the battery cell 200 is a solid polymer low-temperature battery cell with a discharge capacity of more than 85% in an environment of-40 ℃.
In this embodiment, the positive electrode material of the battery cell 200 is lithium cobaltate, the negative electrode material of the battery cell 200 is natural graphite, and the electrolyte of the battery cell 200 is a high-low temperature fusion system electrolyte; the cell 200 is prepared by a polymer lamination process.
The thickness of the flexible carbon fiber film is 0.5 mm-2 mm; the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.3-1 mm. The thickness of the carbon fiber film in this example was 0.5 mm; the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 1 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric heating film 100 is attached to the lower surface of the battery cell 200 to form a battery semi-finished product.
As shown in fig. 5, when the battery cells 200 need to be grouped, after the battery semi-finished products are sequentially stacked into a battery module according to the serial-parallel connection requirement, the electrode tab 300 passes through the PCB 700 and is welded on the corresponding pad 700a by laser welding, so as to form a battery module.
The battery module described in this embodiment is prepared by the following method:
1) stripping off a small upper protective layer 104 above the electrode strip 103, and welding an electrode lead 300 on the electrode strip 103 of the electrothermal film 100 by using a resistance welding process to form an electrothermal film assembly 100A;
2) attaching a small piece of double-sided adhesive tape at the four corners of one surface of the electric heating film 100, and combining the small piece of double-sided adhesive tape with one surface of the battery cell 200 to form a semi-finished battery product;
3) according to the series-parallel connection requirement, the semi-finished products of the battery are stacked to form a battery module, the PCB 700 is fixed on the side surface of the battery module, the electrode tab 300 penetrates through the PCB 700, and the electrode tab 300 is welded on the corresponding welding pad 700a in a laser welding mode to form the battery module.
The positive and negative electrodes of the heating port 900 are respectively welded to positive and negative pads 700a disposed on the PCB 700, so as to form a circuit for heating the battery cell 200. And the power supply is turned on, so that the heating and temperature rising functions of all the battery cells 200 can be realized.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the box body is composed of an upper cover 1002 and a lower box body 1003; the relay comprises a main negative relay, a heating relay, a charging positive relay and a charging negative relay; the connector includes: a battery pack discharging positive connector 600A, a battery pack discharging negative connector 600B, a battery pack charging positive connector 800A, a battery pack charging negative connector 800B, a heating port 900, a communication port 1000, and a total FUSE (FUSE) 1001; the connectors are all arranged on the lower box body 1003; the main negative relay, the heating relay, the charging positive relay, the charging negative relay, the shunt and the battery module are all arranged in the box body.
The current divider is used for detecting the current value of the total circuit, so that the battery management system can conveniently estimate the charging capacity and the discharging residual capacity of the battery pack by an ampere-hour integration mathematical model.
When the battery pack needs to be charged, the charging positive relay is closed, the battery management system carries out self-checking on the battery pack circuit through the communication port 1000, and after the circuit is confirmed to be normal and the communication is normal, the charging negative relay is closed to start charging, otherwise, the battery pack is not electrified.
When the battery pack needs to be discharged, the battery management system carries out self-checking on the circuit of the battery pack through the communication port 1000, and after the circuit is confirmed to be normal and the communication is normal, the main and negative relays are closed to start discharging, otherwise, the discharging is not allowed.
During the charging and discharging process, if an external load or a short circuit occurs inside the battery pack, or the current exceeds a set threshold, the total FUSE (FUSE)1001 is fused to protect the battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, when the battery pack is applied to the pure electric vehicle in the northern cold region, when the pure electric vehicle needs to be charged in an ultralow temperature environment, the pure electric vehicle can be supplied with power by the charging pile, and the external DC/DC voltage module circuit is converted into a heating power supply of DC 9V-DC 30V required by the electrothermal film 100, and the heating power supply is communicated with a heating port 900 arranged at a lower box 1003 of the battery pack to form a heating circuit loop.
When the battery pack is powered on, the battery management system carries out self-inspection on the battery pack circuit through the communication port 1000, and after the circuit is confirmed to be normal and the communication is normal, the heating power supply is started, otherwise, the battery pack is not powered on. The heating power supply preheats the battery cell 200 for 3-7 minutes through the electrothermal film 100, and when the temperature rises to more than-5 ℃, the heating circuit is closed, and the battery pack recovers the normal charging function.
When the electric quantity carried by the pure electric vehicle is sufficient and charging is not needed, the battery pack can be converted into a DC 9V-DC 30V heating power supply required by the electric heating film 100 through the external DC/DC voltage module circuit, the battery pack supplies power with small current, the heating circuit preheats the battery core 200 for 3-7 minutes through the electric heating film 100, and the pure electric vehicle can normally run on the road when the temperature is raised to be higher than-40 ℃.
When the circuit appears unusually, like when inside and outside short circuit and heavy current, the heating fuse fuses, guarantees that the safety accident such as burning that the thermal runaway that short circuit and heavy current lead to can not appear among the battery package heating process, realizes dual protection function.
When the battery pack is applied to grid-connected power generation of an energy storage power station in a desert area, the temperature is high in the daytime, and the battery compartment can be normally charged without the problem of overhigh or overlow temperature due to the fact that an air conditioner is usually arranged in a machine room; the temperature is lower at night, the power can be supplied by an external power supply, the heating circuit preheats the battery cell 200 for 3-7 minutes through the electrothermal film 100, and grid-connected power generation can be realized when the temperature is raised to more than-40 ℃.
In summary, the battery pack prepared by the embodiment of the invention has a wide range of usage environment temperatures: the energy-saving energy.
The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments is characterized by comprising a box body, a battery core, an electric heating membrane assembly, a PCB circuit board, a relay, a shunt and a fuse, wherein the battery core, the electric heating membrane assembly, the PCB circuit board, the relay, the shunt and the fuse are arranged in the box body;
the electric heating film assembly comprises an electric heating film and an electrode guide piece, the electric heating film comprises a lower protective layer, a heating body, an electrode belt and an upper protective layer, the electric heating film is arranged on one surface of the battery core to form a battery semi-finished product, and a plurality of battery semi-finished products are stacked to form a battery module; the PCB is arranged on the side surface of the battery module, and electrode guide sheets arranged on the electrode belts penetrate through holes in the PCB and are welded with the welding plates to form a battery module;
the electrode belts comprise a positive electrode belt and a negative electrode belt, and the positive electrode belt and the negative electrode belt are both arranged on the surface of the heating body;
the heating body is made of a flexible carbon fiber film prepared by a non-woven fabric process;
the upper protective layer and the lower protective layer are made of non-woven fabrics;
the upper protection layer, the heating body and the lower protection layer are sequentially stacked.
2. The battery pack capable of operating in high-cold and severe-heat environments according to claim 1, wherein the upper protective layer, the heating body, the electrode belt and the lower protective layer are bonded together through conductive paste, the conductive paste is prepared by mixing a binder, a conductive agent, a thickening agent and a solvent, and the mass ratio of the binder, the conductive agent and the thickening agent is 2.5-4.5: 2.5-5.5: 1; the mass ratio of the total mass of the adhesive, the conductive agent and the thickening agent to the solvent is 1: 0.05 to 0.15.
3. The battery pack capable of operating in high cold and severe heat environments of claim 2, wherein the binder is one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylonitrile-tetra-methyl acrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene esters, styrene butadiene rubber;
the conductive agent is one or more of carbon black, Ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, graphene, Super-p, carbon nano tube, conductive carbon black and conductive graphite;
the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the solvent is one or more of deionized water, distilled water, acetone and N-methyl pyrrolidone.
4. The battery pack operable in alpine and intense heat environments of claim 1, wherein the case is composed of an upper cover and a lower case;
the relay comprises a main negative relay, a heating relay, a charging positive relay and a charging negative relay;
the connectors comprise a battery pack discharging positive connector, a battery pack discharging negative connector, a battery pack charging positive connector, a battery pack charging negative connector, a heating port and a communication port; the connectors are all arranged on the lower box body;
the main negative relay, the heating relay, the charging positive relay, the charging negative relay and the shunt are all arranged in the box body.
5. The battery pack operable in alpine and severe heat environments of claim 1, wherein the flexible carbon fiber film has a thickness of 0.5mm to 2 mm;
the thickness of the non-woven fabric is 0.3-1 mm.
6. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the cells are solid polymer low temperature cells having an electrical capacity of over 85% at-40 ℃.
7. The battery pack capable of operating in severe cold and heat environments according to claim 6, wherein the positive electrode material of the battery cell is any one of lithium cobaltate, ternary material and modified lithium manganate, the negative electrode material of the battery cell is any one of natural graphite, artificial graphite, soft carbon and hard carbon, and the electrolyte of the battery cell is a high-low temperature fusion system electrolyte.
8. The battery pack according to claim 1, which is operable in severe cold and hot environments, wherein the battery module is prepared by:
stripping a small upper protective layer above the electrode strip, and welding an electrode lead piece on the electrode strip of the electrothermal film to form an electrothermal film component;
pasting double-sided adhesive tapes at the four corners of one surface of the electric heating film assembly to be pasted with one surface of the electric core to form a semi-finished product of the battery;
and sequentially stacking a plurality of semi-finished batteries to form a battery module, fixing the PCB on the side surface of the battery module, penetrating the electrode lead pieces through square holes arranged on the PCB, and welding the electrode lead pieces on corresponding bonding pads to form the battery module.
9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the electrode tab welding is laser welding or soldering or resistance welding.
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| CN202110106593.XA CN112909323A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments |
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| CN202110106593.XA CN112909323A (en) | 2021-01-26 | 2021-01-26 | Battery pack capable of working in high-cold and extremely hot environments |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |