CN112909166B - Nerve synapse bionic device based on polyelectrolyte double-layer structure - Google Patents

Nerve synapse bionic device based on polyelectrolyte double-layer structure Download PDF

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CN112909166B
CN112909166B CN202110103065.9A CN202110103065A CN112909166B CN 112909166 B CN112909166 B CN 112909166B CN 202110103065 A CN202110103065 A CN 202110103065A CN 112909166 B CN112909166 B CN 112909166B
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polyelectrolyte
electrode layer
polymer electrolyte
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CN112909166A (en
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蔡岗日
赵金石
薛松
梁辉
任九州
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Tianjin University of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10NELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N70/00Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
    • H10N70/20Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors
    • H10N70/24Multistable switching devices, e.g. memristors based on migration or redistribution of ionic species, e.g. anions, vacancies
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H10N70/00Solid-state devices having no potential barriers, and specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching
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Abstract

The invention discloses a polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device. The bionic device comprises: the double-layer structure film comprises a lower electrode layer, a positive charge polyelectrolyte layer with positive charge groups on the main chain, and a negative charge polyelectrolyte layer with negative charge groups on the main chain, wherein the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer is prepared on the lower electrode layer; the lower electrode layer comprises a substrate and a first electrode layer positioned above the substrate; the upper electrode layer is the second electrode layer; the positive and negative charge polymer electrolyte films are prepared by a spin coating method. The nerve synapse bionic device has the advantages of simple and quick preparation method, low price of used materials, no pollution, capability of being prepared on a flexible substrate, capability of being prepared into a transparent device, capability of efficiently simulating the nerve synapse function, plasticity and the like.

Description

Nerve synapse bionic device based on polyelectrolyte double-layer structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of synapse bionic devices, in particular to a neurosynapse bionic device based on a polyelectrolyte double-layer structure.
Background
Because of the high efficiency of human brain work, neurosynaptic simulation, the first important stage of the physical hierarchy of brain work, is receiving increasing attention. The synapses are important sites for contacting neurons and for transmitting information. The learning and memory functions of biological systems are based on the precise control of ion flux between neurons and synapses. Binding of neurotransmitters to receptors on the posterior membrane alters receptor conformation, which results in a corresponding change in postsynaptic membrane potential, which is transmitted by presynaptic neurons to the postsynaptic neurons for stimulation or inhibition. Synapses change under the stimulation of a certain electrical signal, so that the effect of enhancing or weakening the connection strength between neurons is achieved, and the neurons have plasticity.
Biological synapse-like bionic electrons are developed on the basis of the research on two-terminal devices. The appearance of memristors and the synaptic-like multi-resistance state performance of the memristors have attracted attention from the 2008. Memristors can be roughly classified into a conductive filament type (filament type), an interface type (interface type) and a bulk type (bulk type) according to the working mechanism of a device, the area of a switch and the structural shape. Depending on the type of particles that the memristor migrates in operation, there are again a cationic device, an anionic device, and a bi-ionic device. However, the relatively simplistic device structure of two-terminal devices such as memristors often presents significant challenges in selecting appropriate active layer materials and stimulus signal settings and discussing device operating mechanisms. Therefore, a memristor device which is simple in material, reasonable in structure and clear in working mechanism is needed to be applied to biological synapse-like bionic research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel nerve synapse bionic device which is simple in material, reasonable in structure and clear in working mechanism aiming at the difficulty of selecting an active layer material and a stimulation signal design of a nerve synapse bionic device based on a memristor at the present stage and the uncertainty of the working principle of the device, so that the resistance state of a material system can be accurately controlled through an accurate stimulation signal, and further, the nerve synapse function can be efficiently simulated and the device has plasticity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based nerve synapse bionic device comprises: the electrode comprises a lower electrode layer, a polyelectrolyte double-layer film layer (comprising a positive charge polyelectrolyte layer and a negative charge polyelectrolyte layer, wherein the upper position and the lower position of the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer and the negative charge polyelectrolyte layer can be interchanged) prepared on the lower electrode layer and an upper electrode layer positioned above the polyelectrolyte double-layer film layer;
the lower electrode layer comprises a substrate and a first electrode layer positioned above the substrate; the upper electrode layer is the second electrode layer.
Optionally, the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer includes one of polyelectrolyte polyethyleneimine, polyallylamine hydrochloride, or polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride with a positive charge group on a main chain.
Optionally, the negatively charged polyelectrolyte layer includes one of polyelectrolyte polyacrylic acid or poly 4-styrenesulfonic acid having a negatively charged group on a main chain.
Alternatively, the substrate may be a silicon wafer, glass, PET, PI, or other common substrate.
Optionally, the thicknesses of the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer are both 50-500 nm.
Optionally, the thickness of the polyelectrolyte double-layer film layer is 3-20 nm (wherein, the thickness of the polyelectrolyte layer with positive charges and negative charges is 1-10 nm).
Advantages and advantageous effects of the invention
The invention provides a polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device. The positive and negative polyelectrolyte double layers are used as the resistance change functional layer, and an electric field potential barrier generated by charge separation appears at the interface of the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer and the negative charge polyelectrolyte layer. Under the action of applied voltage, the migration phenomenon of the main chain of the polymer electrolyte is caused by the movement of the counter ions and the positive and negative charge groups in the polymer electrolyte layer, so that the potential barrier of the interface electric field is changed to generate the resistance state change of the functional layer. The phenomenon can simulate the characteristics of biological synapses, and the high-resistance state and the low-resistance state of the synapses slowly change and have stable ranges; a plurality of stable resistance states appear and have good retention characteristics, and when electric pulse stimulation is repeatedly applied, the resistance can excellently and repeatedly carry out high-low resistance conversion; the resistance function layer structure of a system is accurately controlled through an electric field to regulate and control the resistance state of a material, so that the nerve synapse function can be efficiently simulated, and the plasticity is realized; simple manufacturing process, stable performance and wide application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer in two states of low resistance and high resistance according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing actually measured I-V curves of a device fabricated by using an ITO transparent electrode as an electrode layer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of low and high resistance values versus read time actually measured for a device fabricated using ITO transparent electrodes as electrode layers in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a neurosynaptic biomimetic device based on a polyelectrolyte double-layer structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the polyelectrolyte-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device of an embodiment includes: a lower electrode layer 3, a polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer 2 deposited on the lower electrode layer 3, and an upper electrode layer 1 positioned above the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer 2; the lower electrode layer 3 comprises a substrate 3-2 and a first electrode layer 3-1 positioned above the substrate 3-2; the upper electrode layer 1 is a second electrode layer; the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer 2 comprises a positive charge polyelectrolyte layer 2-2 positioned above the lower electrode layer 3 and a negative charge polyelectrolyte layer 2-1 positioned above the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer 2-2.
As an alternative embodiment, the substrate is one of silicon wafer, glass, PET or PI, and other common substrates.
As an alternative embodiment, the thickness of the lower electrode layer 3 and the upper electrode layer 1 is 50 to 500nm.
In an alternative embodiment, the thickness of the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer 2 is 3 to 20nm.
The principle of the present embodiment of the polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device is as follows:
when the polyelectrolyte double-layer structure is formed, a depletion layer is formed between double-layer contact interfaces and potential barriers are generated to prevent ions from moving, so that a high-resistance state is formed; after electrifying, under the action of an electric field, a polymer chain between the double-layer interfaces of the polymer electrolyte moves to eliminate a depletion layer, so that a low-resistance state is formed. On the basis, the polyelectrolyte chain can be restored to the initial state under the action of the opposite electric field to form a depletion layer, so that the resistance is changed into a high-resistance state. As shown in fig. 2, part (a) in fig. 2 is a high resistance state diagram in a state where a depletion layer is present, and part (b) in fig. 2 is a low resistance state diagram in a state where the depletion layer is lost. Under the action of an electric field, the bionic device is converted from a high-resistance state to a low-resistance state (shown as the change of an I-V curve in fig. 3), and the high-resistance state and the low-resistance state have long-term sustainability (shown as fig. 4). The state is equivalent to a '1' state and a '0' state in the computer, and the computer adopts a '0' and a '1' to form codes to store information to realize the storage function. This process is very similar to the behavior of neurotransmitters in synapses, and therefore the neurosynaptic biomimetic device can mimic the plasticity of neurons.
The polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic bionic device has the following advantages:
the polymer electrolyte is an organic chemical material with low price, no pollution and extremely high controllability, and has potential application in microelectronics, optics and other aspects. In the embodiment, the polyelectrolyte double-layer film is used as a resistance change functional layer, and can simulate the characteristics of biological synapses under the action of an electric field, wherein the high-resistance state and the low-resistance state of the polyelectrolyte double-layer film slowly change and have a stable range; a plurality of stable resistance states appear and have good retention characteristics, and when electric pulse stimulation is repeatedly applied, the resistance can excellently and repeatedly carry out high-low resistance conversion; the nerve synapse device has the advantages of simple structure, flexibility, transparency and the like, so that the nerve synapse bionic device takes one step towards the artificial nerve; the response of the human body to the outside depends on the electronic signal transmission of a nervous system in the human body, the nervous system is damaged to be equivalent to an incomplete circuit, no way is available for electrifying, and the nerve synapse bionic device is expected to serve as a lead, so that the nerve synapse bionic device has important significance in the field of biomedicine; the method can powerfully promote scientists to construct an efficient and exquisite brain bionic computer, and improve the efficiency of simulating the human brain by the computer; the device has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, stable performance and wide application prospect.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the foregoing, the description is not to be taken in a limiting sense.

Claims (8)

1. A polymer electrolyte double-layer structure-based neurosynaptic bionic device is characterized by comprising: the electrode comprises a lower electrode layer, a polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer deposited on the lower electrode layer and an upper electrode layer above the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer; the lower electrode layer comprises a substrate and a first electrode layer positioned above the substrate; the upper electrode layer is a second electrode layer; the polymer electrolyte double-layer film layer comprises a negative charge polymer electrolyte layer and a positive charge polymer electrolyte layer; the negative charge polyelectrolyte layer is a polyelectrolyte with negative charge groups on the main chain, the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer is a polyelectrolyte with positive charge groups on the main chain, and the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer and the negative charge polyelectrolyte layer are used as resistance change functional layers.
2. The polymer electrolyte bilayer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a common substrate comprising silicon wafer, glass, PET or PI.
3. The polymer electrolyte bilayer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to claim 1, wherein the film thickness of the lower electrode layer and the upper electrode layer is 50-500 nm.
4. The polyelectrolyte bilayer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to claim 1, wherein the positively charged polyelectrolyte layer comprises one of polyethyleneimine, polyallylamine hydrochloride, or polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride.
5. The polyelectrolyte bilayer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to claim 1, wherein the negatively charged polyelectrolyte layer comprises one of polyacrylic acid or poly 4-styrenesulfonic acid.
6. The polymer electrolyte bilayer structure-based neurosynaptic biomimetic device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the positive charge polymer electrolyte layer thin film is 1-10 nm.
7. The device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the thickness of the negatively charged polyelectrolyte layer is 1-10 nm.
8. The device of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the positions of the positive charge polyelectrolyte layer and the negative charge polyelectrolyte layer in the polyelectrolyte double-layer thin film layer structure are interchangeable.
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