CN112904633B - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112904633B CN112904633B CN202110086935.6A CN202110086935A CN112904633B CN 112904633 B CN112904633 B CN 112904633B CN 202110086935 A CN202110086935 A CN 202110086935A CN 112904633 B CN112904633 B CN 112904633B
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- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136209—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix, incorporated in the active matrix substrate, e.g. structurally associated with the switching element
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a display panel and a display device, wherein the display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is different from that of the short axis, the second substrate is defined by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines which are mutually insulated and crossed on one side facing the liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor, the pixel electrode is connected with the corresponding scanning line and the corresponding data line through the thin film transistor, the first substrate is provided with a common electrode matched with the pixel electrode, and the second substrate is also provided with a reflecting layer on one side facing the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are controlled to rotate in the vertical direction so as to control the transmittance of light passing through the dye liquid crystal molecules, and therefore the intensity of the light reflected by the display panel is controlled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of capacitor processing, in particular to a display panel and a display device.
Background
The display panel has the advantages of lightness, thinness, durability, low power consumption and the like which accord with energy conservation and environmental protection, but the backlight source is needed to be matched, so that the module is thick and the cost is high. The electronic paper display is a display meeting public needs, and can display images by using an external light source, unlike a liquid crystal display which needs a backlight source, so that information on electronic paper can still be clearly seen in an outdoor environment with strong sunlight without the problem of viewing angle, and the electronic paper display is widely applied to electronic readers (such as electronic books and electronic newspapers) or other electronic elements (such as price tags) due to the advantages of power saving, high reflectivity, contrast ratio and the like.
The electronic paper display displays images by reflecting an external light source, the conventional electronic paper display usually needs to be matched with a polaroid, the polaroid has more light loss, and when the external light source is weaker, the brightness of the electronic paper display is lower, and the display is thicker and has high cost; in addition, some electronic paper displays are easy to leak light after the polarizer is removed, and the contrast ratio is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a display panel and a display device to solve at least one problem of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a display panel, which comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is different from that of the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules, the second substrate is defined by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines which are mutually insulated and crossed on one side facing the liquid crystal layer to form a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit is internally provided with a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor, the pixel electrode is connected with the corresponding scanning line and the corresponding data line through the thin film transistor, the first substrate is provided with a common electrode matched with the pixel electrode, and the second substrate is also provided with a reflecting layer on one side facing the liquid crystal layer.
Further, the dye liquid crystal molecules comprise black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules; the dye liquid crystal molecules comprise positive dye liquid crystal molecules or negative dye liquid crystal molecules, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the positive dye liquid crystal molecules is larger than that of the short axis, and the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the negative dye liquid crystal molecules is smaller than that of the short axis.
Furthermore, the second substrate is further provided with a microstructure protrusion on the side facing the liquid crystal layer, the reflecting layer covers the microstructure protrusion, and the shape of the surface of the reflecting layer on the side facing the liquid crystal layer is the same as that of the surface of the microstructure protrusion.
Furthermore, a flat layer is arranged between the reflecting layer and the pixel electrode, and the pixel electrode is arranged on one side of the flat layer facing the liquid crystal layer.
Furthermore, the liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules, the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are aligned in parallel with the first substrate and the second substrate, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer close to one side of the first substrate is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer close to one side of the second substrate, and the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are in a twisted state.
Further, the liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate and the second substrate.
Further, the pixel electrode includes a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode, a voltage difference is provided between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, the first pixel electrode is provided with a plurality of first convex portions and first concave portions, the second pixel electrode is provided with a plurality of second convex portions and second concave portions, the first convex portions correspond to the second concave portions, and the first concave portions correspond to the second convex portions.
Furthermore, the pixel electrode includes a first pixel electrode and a second pixel electrode, a voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode, the second pixel electrode is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes at the pixel unit, the first pixel electrode is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes, and the branch electrodes are embedded with the first pixel electrode; or the first pixel electrode is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes, the second pixel electrode is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes at the pixel unit, and the second pixel electrode is embedded with the first pixel electrode.
Furthermore, a common electrode is further disposed on the second substrate, a voltage difference exists between the pixel electrode and the common electrode, a plurality of branch electrodes are disposed on the pixel unit of the pixel electrode, through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes are disposed on the pixel unit of the common electrode, and the branch electrodes are embedded with the common electrode.
Furthermore, the first substrate is provided with a black matrix corresponding to the scanning line and the data line and a color resistance layer corresponding to the pixel unit, and the plurality of color resistance layers are spaced by the black matrix; or the first substrate is provided with a black matrix corresponding to the scanning line and the data line and an anti-UV film covering the whole surface of the first substrate.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the display panel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules is different from that of a short axis, the second substrate is formed into a plurality of pixel units by a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines which are insulated from each other and crossed on one side of the liquid crystal layer, a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor are arranged in each pixel unit, the pixel electrode is connected with the corresponding scanning lines and the corresponding data lines through the thin film transistors, a common electrode matched with the pixel electrode is arranged on the first substrate, and a reflecting layer is also arranged on one side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. Dye liquid crystal molecules are doped in the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules are controlled to rotate in the vertical direction, so that the transmittance of light passing through the dye liquid crystal molecules is controlled, the strength of the light reflected by the display panel is controlled, the display panel is simple in structure and thin in thickness, and a polaroid is not required to be arranged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in a display state according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a display panel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a display state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in a display state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second substrate according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic top view showing the structure of a pixel electrode according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are deflected at a protrusion of the pixel electrode;
fig. 11 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second substrate according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second substrate according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, features and effects of the display panel and the display device according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the preferred embodiments is as follows:
[ example one ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in a display state according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, a display panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20 disposed opposite to the first substrate 10, and a liquid crystal layer 30 disposed between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, where the liquid crystal layer 30 includes liquid crystal molecules 31 and dye liquid crystal molecules 32 mixed with each other, and a light absorption capability of a long axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 is different from a light absorption capability of a short axis thereof.
In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are positive liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules with positive dielectric anisotropy), as shown in fig. 1, in the initial state, the positive liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are in a lying posture, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal layer 30 close to the first substrate 10 is antiparallel to the alignment direction of the second substrate 20, that is, the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 are initially aligned parallel to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the first substrate 10 are antiparallel to the alignment direction of the positive liquid crystal molecules close to the second substrate 20, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 in the liquid crystal layer 30 are in a twisted state from bottom to top, preferably, twisted by 180 ° to form an STN (super twisted) display mode. It is understood that, in the present embodiment, an alignment layer needs to be disposed on both sides of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 to align the liquid crystal layer 30. The dye liquid crystal molecules 32 are positive dye liquid crystal molecules, the light absorption capacity of the long axis of the positive dye liquid crystal molecules is larger than that of the short axis, and the positive dye liquid crystal molecules have the characteristics that the long axis has strong light absorption capacity and the short axis has weak light absorption capacity. In the initial state, the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 have a strong light absorption capability, i.e., the display panel is in a black state in the initial state. The dye liquid crystal molecules 32 can be black dye liquid crystal molecules or purple black dye liquid crystal molecules, and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 can be prepared by dyeing the liquid crystal molecules, but cannot be deflected in an electric field, so that the liquid crystal molecules 31 are required to carry the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 to rotate in the electric field. Certainly, in other embodiments, the dye liquid crystal molecules may also be negative dye liquid crystal molecules, and the light absorption capability of the long axis of the negative dye liquid crystal molecules is smaller than that of the short axis, that is, the negative dye liquid crystal molecules have the characteristics that the long axis has a weak light absorption capability and the short axis has a strong light absorption capability, so that the display panel is in a bright state in an initial state.
Referring to fig. 9, the second substrate 20 is an array substrate, the second substrate 20 is defined by a plurality of scan lines 1 and a plurality of data lines 2 crossing each other in an insulated manner on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30 to form a plurality of pixel units P, a pixel electrode 24 and a thin film transistor 3 are disposed in each pixel unit P, the pixel electrode 24 is connected with the corresponding scan line 1 and data line 2 through the thin film transistor 3, a common electrode 13 cooperating with the pixel electrode 24 is disposed on the first substrate 10, and the second substrate 20 is further provided with a reflective layer 22 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30. When a gray scale voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 24 and a common voltage is applied to the common electrode 13, the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 are deflected along with the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the vertical electric field toward the direction perpendicular to the second substrate 20, so that the light absorption capability of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 is weakened, ambient light passes through the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 and is reflected by the reflective layer 22 and then is emitted from the first substrate 10, and the display panel is in a bright state, as shown in fig. 2. The thin film transistor 3 includes a gate electrode, an active layer, a drain electrode and a source electrode, the gate electrode and the scan line 1 are located in the same layer and electrically connected, the gate electrode and the active layer are isolated by a gate insulating layer, the source electrode is electrically connected to the data line 2, and the drain electrode is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 24. The reflective layer 22 may be made of a material capable of reflecting light, such as aluminum (Al) or silver (Ag). In the initial state, ambient light passes through the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 to be absorbed, and even if a small amount of light passes through the liquid crystal layer 30, the light is reflected back by the reflective layer 22 and then absorbed by the dye liquid crystal molecules 32, so that light leakage in a dark state can be reduced, and the contrast is greatly improved.
Further, the second substrate 20 is further provided with a microstructure protrusion 21 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, the reflective layer 22 covers the microstructure protrusion 21, and a surface shape of the reflective layer 22 on the side facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is the same as a surface shape of the microstructure protrusion 21. An insulating layer 23 is provided between the reflective layer 22 and the pixel electrode 24. The cross-sectional shape of the microstructure protrusion 21 may be semicircular, semielliptical, or triangular, so that the surface of the reflective layer 22 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is uneven and exhibits diffuse reflection. Specifically, the microstructure protrusion 21 is first formed on the surface of the second substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, the reflective layer 22 is covered on the microstructure protrusion 21, the insulating layer 23 is covered on the reflective layer 22, and the scanning line 1, the data line 2, the thin film transistor 3, the pixel electrode 24, and the like are finally formed on the insulating layer 23. Of course, the reflective layer 22 may be frosted after covering the reflective layer 22 to achieve diffuse reflection without providing the microstructure protrusions 21.
Further, the first substrate 10 is provided with black matrixes 11 corresponding to the scan lines 1 and the data lines 2 and color resistance layers 12 corresponding to the pixel units P, and the plurality of color resistance layers 12 are spaced apart by the black matrixes 11. In this embodiment, the color resist layer 12 includes color resist materials of three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), and pixel units P of the three colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) are correspondingly formed, that is, the first substrate 10 is a color film substrate, so that the display panel can display a color image. Of course, in other embodiments, the color-resist layer 12 may also be a transparent anti-UV color resist, which can filter UV light (ultraviolet light, wavelength < 300nm) in the ambient light, because the UV light affects the light absorption performance of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32, so that the contrast or brightness of the display panel is deteriorated, but the display panel of this embodiment can only display black and white pictures.
Further, the pixel electrode 24 is a block electrode, and the common electrode 13 is a planar electrode covering the entire surface of the first substrate 10.
The first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The common electrode 13 and the pixel electrode 24 may be made of Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), and the reflective layer 22 may be made of Aluminum (AL) or silver (Ag) having a relatively high reflectivity.
[ example two ]
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the display panel and the display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 and 2), except that in this embodiment, the first substrate 10 is provided with the black matrix 11 corresponding to the scan line 1 and the data line 2 and the UV-resistant film 14 covering the whole surface of the first substrate 10, the UV-resistant film 14 is provided on a side of the first substrate 10 away from the liquid crystal layer 30, the color-resist layer 12 of the first substrate 10 corresponding to the pixel unit P region is replaced by a transparent insulating material (PV, OC), the UV-resistant film 14 can filter UV light in ambient light, and prevent the UV light from affecting the dye liquid crystal molecules 32, but the display panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention can only display black and white images.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ third example ]
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, a display panel and a display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel according to the first embodiment (fig. 1 and 2), except that in this embodiment, a planarization layer 25 is further disposed between the reflective layer 22 and the pixel electrode 24, and the pixel electrode 24 is disposed on a side of the planarization layer 25 facing the liquid crystal layer 30. Specifically, the microstructure protrusion 21 is first fabricated on the surface of the second substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, the microstructure protrusion 21 is covered with the reflective layer 22, the reflective layer 22 is covered with the insulating layer, the scan line 1, the data line 2 and the thin film transistor 3 are fabricated on the insulating layer, the planarization layer 25 is covered, and the pixel electrode 24 is fabricated on the planarization layer 25, so that the film layer of the planarization layer 25 can be planarized, the influence on the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 30 is reduced, and the light leakage is reduced. Of course, the pixel electrode 24 can be fabricated first and then the planarization layer 25 can be covered on the pixel electrode 24. Alternatively, the microstructure protrusion 21 is first fabricated on the surface of the second substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, the reflective layer 22 is covered on the microstructure protrusion 21, the planarization layer 25 is covered on the reflective layer 22, and finally the scan line 1, the data line 2, the thin film transistor 3 and the pixel electrode 24 are fabricated on the planarization layer 25 and the insulating layer. As shown in the first embodiment, the uneven pixel electrode 24 may affect the alignment of the liquid crystal layer 30, resulting in a certain light leakage in a dark state and increased light absorption in a bright state, so that the contrast of the display panel is reduced.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ example four ]
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in a display state according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, a display panel and a display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel of the first embodiment (fig. 1 and 2), except that in this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 31 are negative liquid crystal molecules (liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy), and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 to form a VA display mode. Compared to the first embodiment, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, so that the process of rubbing the liquid crystal layer 30 is reduced. And when the display panel is in an initial state, the display panel is in a bright state, so that the power consumption when a picture is displayed is reduced.
Of course, in other embodiments, a planarization layer 25 may be disposed between the reflective layer 22 and the pixel electrode 24. The first substrate 10 is provided with a black matrix 11 corresponding to the scanning lines 1 and the data lines 2 and an anti-UV film 14 covering the whole surface of the first substrate 10, the anti-UV film 14 is arranged on one side of the first substrate 10 far away from the liquid crystal layer 30, the color resistance layer 12 of the first substrate 10 corresponding to the pixel unit P region is replaced by a transparent insulating material (PV, OC), the anti-UV film 14 can filter out UV light in ambient light, and the influence of the UV light on dye liquid crystal molecules 32 is prevented, but the display panel of the embodiment can only display black and white pictures.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ example five ]
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in a display state according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, fig. 9 is a schematic plan structural diagram of a second substrate according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 10 is a schematic plan structural diagram of liquid crystal molecule deflection at one protrusion of a pixel electrode according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7-10, a display panel and a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the fourth embodiment (fig. 5 and 6), except that in the present embodiment, the pixel electrode 24 includes a first pixel electrode 241 and a second pixel electrode 242, a voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242, the first pixel electrode 241 is provided with a plurality of first convex portions and a plurality of first concave portions, the second pixel electrode 242 is provided with a plurality of second convex portions and a plurality of second concave portions, the first convex portions correspond to the second concave portions, and the first concave portions correspond to the second convex portions. The first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are located at the same layer and have a gap therebetween, so that the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are spaced apart from each other, but the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 may be located differently.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, two data lines 2 are disposed between two adjacent pixel units P, the first pixel electrode 241 is connected to the data line 2 of the odd column, the second pixel electrode 242 is connected to the data line 2 of the even column, and different voltages are applied to the data lines 2 of the odd and even columns, respectively, so that a voltage difference is formed between the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 and a horizontal electric field is formed. The first concave portion surrounds the periphery of the second convex portion, the second concave portion surrounds the periphery of the first convex portion, so that a horizontal electric field is formed at the peripheries of the first convex portion and the second convex portion, the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 at the junction of the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are deflected and spread in the horizontal direction, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 at the centers of the first convex portion and the second convex portion are twisted, so that the long axes of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 face different directions, and light rays in different directions can be absorbed, as shown in fig. 10, thereby reducing light leakage of the display panel and increasing contrast.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ sixth example ]
Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of a second substrate according to a sixth embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 11, the display panel and the display device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as the display panel and the display device according to the fourth embodiment (fig. 5 and fig. 6), except that in the present embodiment, the pixel electrode 24 includes a first pixel electrode 241 and a second pixel electrode 242, a voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242, the second pixel electrode 242 is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes at the pixel unit P, the first pixel electrode 241 is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes, and the branch electrodes are embedded in the pixel electrode 24, that is, the branch electrodes of the second pixel electrode 242 are located in the through holes of the pixel electrode 24. In other embodiments, the first pixel electrode 241 is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes, the second pixel electrode 242 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the branch electrode at the pixel unit P, and the second pixel electrode 242 is embedded with the first pixel electrode 241, that is, the branch electrode of the first pixel electrode 241 is located in the through hole of the second pixel electrode 242.
Further, the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are located on the same layer and have a gap therebetween, so that the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are spaced apart from each other, but the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 may also be located differently.
Two data lines 2 are disposed between two adjacent pixel units P, the first pixel electrode 241 is connected to the data line 2 in the odd column, the second pixel electrode 242 is connected to the data line 2 in the even column, different voltages are applied to the data lines 2 in the odd column and the even column, respectively, so that a voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 and a horizontal electric field is formed, the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 located at the boundary between the first pixel electrode 241 and the second pixel electrode 242 are also deflected and diverged in the horizontal direction, so that the long axes of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 face different directions, and light in different directions can be absorbed, as shown in fig. 10, thereby reducing light leakage of the display panel and increasing contrast.
In this embodiment, the branch electrodes are strip-shaped structures, and preferably, the branch electrodes of the second pixel electrode 242 are a plurality of "cross" branches, but in other embodiments, the branch electrodes may also be square or circular, as shown in fig. 13.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ seventh example ]
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel in an initial state according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 12, a display panel and a display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the fourth embodiment (fig. 5 and 6), except that in this embodiment, the first substrate 10 is provided with a protrusion structure 15 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and the protrusion structure 15 may be a cone structure, a pyramid structure, or a rib structure, and preferably, the protrusion structure 15 is disposed directly below the black matrix 11 and covered by the black matrix 11. By arranging the convex structure 15, when corresponding voltages are applied to the common electrode 13 and the pixel electrode 24, the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 around the convex structure 15 rotate in different directions, which is beneficial to reducing light leakage of a dark state in each direction and improving the contrast. Of course, in other embodiments, the common electrode 13 may also be provided with a through hole in the region corresponding to the black matrix 11, and a vertical electric field is not formed in the region corresponding to the through hole, and an oblique electric field is formed at the edge position of the through hole, so that the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 in this region are tilted, instead of the protrusion structure 15.
Of course, the bump structure 15 may also be disposed on the first substrate 10 shown in the fifth embodiment, which is not described herein again.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, and are not described herein again.
[ eighth example ]
Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second substrate according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 13, the display panel and the display device according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the fourth embodiment (fig. 5 and 6), except that in this embodiment, a common electrode 26 is further disposed on the second substrate 20, a voltage difference is formed between the common electrode 26 and the pixel electrode 24 to form a horizontal electric field, the pixel electrode 24 is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes at the pixel unit P, the common electrode 26 is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes at the pixel unit P, and the branch electrodes are embedded in the common electrode 26. The branch electrodes of the pixel electrode 24 have a square structure, the common electrode 26 surrounds the periphery of the branch electrodes of the square structure of the pixel electrode 24, and the pixel electrode 24 has two branch electrodes of the square structure and is electrically connected to each other. Of course, in other embodiments, the branch electrodes may be circular. Wherein the pixel electrode 24 and the common electrode 26 are located in different layers and separated by an insulating layer.
Horizontal electric fields are formed at the peripheries of the square branch electrodes, the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 at the junctions of the common electrodes 26 and the pixel electrodes 24 are also deflected and divergent in the horizontal direction, and the liquid crystal molecules 31 and the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 at the centers of the branch electrodes of the square structure are twisted, so that the long axes of the dye liquid crystal molecules 32 face different directions, and light rays in different directions can be absorbed, as shown in fig. 10, thereby reducing light leakage of the display panel and increasing the contrast.
Those skilled in the art should understand that the rest of the structure and the operation principle of the present embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides a display device comprising the display panel.
In this document, the terms of upper, lower, left, right, front, rear and the like are used to define the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures relative to each other, and are only used for the sake of clarity and convenience in technical solution. It is to be understood that the use of the directional terms should not be taken to limit the scope of the claims. It is also to be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., are used herein for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting in number or order.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A display panel is characterized by comprising a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20) and a liquid crystal layer (30), wherein the second substrate (20) is arranged opposite to the first substrate (10), the liquid crystal layer (30) is positioned between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), the liquid crystal layer (30) comprises liquid crystal molecules (31) and dye liquid crystal molecules (32) which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis and the light absorption capacity of the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules (32) are different, the second substrate (20) is defined by a plurality of scanning lines (1) and a plurality of data lines (2) which are mutually insulated and crossed on one side facing the liquid crystal layer (30) to form a plurality of pixel units (P), a pixel electrode (24) and a thin film transistor (3) are arranged in each pixel unit (P), the pixel electrode (24) is connected with the corresponding scanning line (1) and data line (2) through the thin film transistor (3), a common electrode (13) matched with the pixel electrode (24) is arranged on the first substrate (10), and a reflecting layer (22) is arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer (30), of the second substrate (20);
the liquid crystal molecules (31) are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules (32) are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20);
the second substrate (20) is further provided with a planar common electrode (26), the pixel electrode (24) is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes at the pixel unit (P), the common electrode (26) is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes at the pixel unit (P), the branch electrodes are embedded with the common electrode (26), a voltage difference is formed between the pixel electrode (24) and the common electrode (26), and negative liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules (32) in the liquid crystal layer (30) are in a twisted state.
2. A display panel is characterized by comprising a first substrate (10), a second substrate (20) and a liquid crystal layer (30), wherein the second substrate (20) is arranged opposite to the first substrate (10), the liquid crystal layer (30) is positioned between the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20), the liquid crystal layer (30) comprises liquid crystal molecules (31) and dye liquid crystal molecules (32) which are mixed with each other, the light absorption capacity of the long axis and the light absorption capacity of the short axis of the dye liquid crystal molecules (32) are different, the second substrate (20) is defined by a plurality of scanning lines (1) and a plurality of data lines (2) which are mutually insulated and crossed on one side facing the liquid crystal layer (30) to form a plurality of pixel units (P), a pixel electrode (24) and a thin film transistor (3) are arranged in each pixel unit (P), the pixel electrode (24) is connected with the corresponding scanning line (1) and data line (2) through the thin film transistor (3), a common electrode (13) matched with the pixel electrode (24) is arranged on the first substrate (10), and a reflecting layer (22) is further arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer (30), of the second substrate (20);
the liquid crystal molecules (31) are negative liquid crystal molecules, and the negative liquid crystal molecules and the dye liquid crystal molecules (32) are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate (10) and the second substrate (20);
the pixel electrode (24) comprises a first pixel electrode (241) and a second pixel electrode (242), a voltage difference exists between the first pixel electrode (241) and the second pixel electrode (242), two data lines (2) are arranged between two adjacent pixel units (P), the first pixel electrode (241) is connected with the data lines (2) in odd columns, the second pixel electrode (242) is connected with the data lines (2) in even columns, different voltages are respectively applied to the data lines (2) in odd columns and even columns, and negative liquid crystal molecules and dye liquid crystal molecules (32) in the liquid crystal layer (30) are in a twisted state.
3. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the first pixel electrode (241) is provided with a plurality of first convex portions and first concave portions, and the second pixel electrode (242) is provided with a plurality of second convex portions and second concave portions, the first convex portions corresponding to the second concave portions, and the first concave portions corresponding to the second convex portions.
4. The display panel according to claim 2, wherein the second pixel electrode (242) is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes at the pixel unit (P), the first pixel electrode (241) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the branch electrode, and the branch electrode is embedded with the first pixel electrode (241); or the first pixel electrode (241) is provided with a plurality of branch electrodes, the second pixel electrode (242) is provided with through holes corresponding to the branch electrodes at the pixel unit (P), and the second pixel electrode (242) is embedded with the first pixel electrode (241).
5. The display panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second substrate (20) is further provided with a microstructure protrusion (21) on a side facing the liquid crystal layer (30), the reflective layer (22) covers the microstructure protrusion (21), and a surface shape of the reflective layer (22) on the side facing the liquid crystal layer (30) is the same as a surface shape of the microstructure protrusion (21).
6. The display panel according to claim 5, wherein a planarization layer (25) is further disposed between the reflective layer (22) and the pixel electrode (24), and the pixel electrode (24) is disposed on a side of the planarization layer (25) facing the liquid crystal layer (30).
7. The display panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first substrate (10) is provided with a black matrix (11) corresponding to the scan lines (1) and the data lines (2) and a color resist layer (12) corresponding to the pixel unit (P), a plurality of the color resist layers (12) being spaced apart by the black matrix (11); or the first substrate (10) is provided with a black matrix (11) corresponding to the scanning line (1) and the data line (2) and an anti-UV film (14) covering the whole surface of the first substrate (10).
8. A display device characterized by comprising the display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| KR102076757B1 (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2020-02-13 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | Liquid crystal display |
| CN105867031A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-17 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | TFT substrate and liquid crystal display panel |
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