CN211454169U - Light-adjusting glass and glass module - Google Patents
Light-adjusting glass and glass module Download PDFInfo
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- CN211454169U CN211454169U CN201922223987.4U CN201922223987U CN211454169U CN 211454169 U CN211454169 U CN 211454169U CN 201922223987 U CN201922223987 U CN 201922223987U CN 211454169 U CN211454169 U CN 211454169U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a dimming glass and glass module belongs to display glass technical field. The utility model discloses a light-adjusting glass, which comprises a basic light-adjusting structure and a reflective polarizer; the basic dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first liquid crystal layer is used for overturning under the control of an electric field generated between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to control the transmittance of light; the reflective polarizer is positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is deviated from the liquid crystal layer.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of show glass, concretely relates to light control glass and glass module.
Background
At present, the application of the light modulation glass in the fields of buildings and traffic is more and more extensive, and the dye liquid crystal light modulation glass is interesting for customers of automobiles, high-speed rails, passenger planes and the like. Products such as PDLC intelligent glass, electrochromic intelligent glass and the like exist in the existing intelligent glass market. PDLC intelligent glass can only realize the switching between transparency and haze, and does not shade light and insulate heat; the electrochromic intelligent glass has the problems of complex film layer process, slow response time (8-20 s), blue dark color and the like. The dye liquid crystal dimming glass realizes the switching between the bright state and the dark state by utilizing the selective absorption of dichroic dye molecules in liquid crystal to light, and greatly improves the optical properties such as black state purity, response time and the like compared with the conventional PDLC and electrochromic intelligent glass. However, the existing dye liquid crystal dimming glass can only realize the adjustment of black state, bright state and gray scale state, that is, only the transmittance of the glass to visible light can be adjusted. When the dimming glass is used for vehicle windows, meeting room partitions and building glass, the dimming glass has the requirement of privacy protection while penetrating; the whole color dimming glass has great application prospect in the fields of vehicle windows, art design and the like. Dimming glasses currently do not meet the requirements of these applications.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses aim at solving one of the technical problem that exists among the prior art at least, provide a dimming glass and glass module.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light modulation glass, including a basic light modulation structure and a reflective polarizer; the basic dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first liquid crystal layer is used for overturning under the control of an electric field generated between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to control the transmittance of light;
the reflective polarizer is positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is deviated from the liquid crystal layer.
Optionally, the first liquid crystal layer includes: base liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dye molecules.
Optionally, the first substrate includes a first substrate, and a first electrode disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate comprises a second substrate and a second electrode arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; wherein,
the first electrode and the second electrode are both plate-shaped electrodes.
Optionally, the first substrate includes a first substrate, and a first electrode disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate comprises a second substrate and a second electrode arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; wherein,
one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a plate-shaped electrode, and the other is a strip-shaped electrode.
Optionally, the reflective polarizer includes any one of APF, DBEF, DLRP.
Optionally, the thickness of the reflective polarizer is less than or equal to 150 um.
Optionally, a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer.
Optionally, a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer;
a second protective glass is arranged on the first side, away from the first liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; and the second protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a second bonding layer.
Optionally, a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer;
the second base plate deviates from the first side of the first liquid crystal layer is provided with second protective glass, a certain distance exists between the second protective glass and the second base plate, and the second protective glass passes through the sealing frame and is sealed by the basic dimming structure.
Optionally, a functional dimming structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the second liquid crystal layer is used for overturning under the control of an electric field between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, so that the functional dimming structure can be in a fog state.
Optionally, the second liquid crystal layer comprises PNLC or PDLC.
Optionally, a functional dimming structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the second liquid crystal layer comprises color dye liquid crystal and is used for overturning under the action of an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate so as to control the transmittance of light with the same color as the color dye liquid crystal in light irradiated on the functional dimming structure.
Optionally, a functional dimming structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the third substrate comprises a third substrate and a third electrode arranged on one side of the third substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer; the fourth substrate comprises a fourth base and a fourth electrode arranged on one side of the fourth base close to the second liquid crystal layer; and after voltage is applied to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, an electric field is formed, and the second liquid crystal layer is controlled to be turned over, so that the functional dimming structure can display pictures.
Optionally, a functional dimming structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate and a fourth substrate which are arranged oppositely, and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate and used for turning under the action of an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate to reflect light rays with a specific waveband.
Optionally, the second liquid crystal layer comprises bistable liquid crystal molecules.
Optionally, the second substrate includes a second substrate, and a second electrode disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate is common to the third substrate.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a glass module, which includes the above-mentioned light-adjusting glass.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary switchable glass light state;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary dark state of a privacy glass;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another exemplary switchable glass light state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another exemplary dark state of a privacy glass;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a bright state of the dimming glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dark state of the light control glass according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the contrast of the transmittance of the light-adjusting glass of two dye liquid crystal cells and the transmittance of the light-adjusting glass of a single dye liquid crystal cell matched with reflective polarization;
fig. 8 illustrates an exemplary light control glass according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is another exemplary light control glass in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is another exemplary privacy glass in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a top view of FIG. 10;
fig. 12 illustrates an exemplary light control glass of a blind structure in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is an exemplary privacy function privacy glass in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 14 illustrates an exemplary colorization-enabled privacy glass in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is an exemplary light control glass for displaying functions in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 16 is an exemplary light control glass with an infrared light prevention function in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a," "an," or "the" and similar referents do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an exemplary light control glass is provided, which includes a basic light control structure 10 without chiral agent, wherein the basic light control structure 10 is a dye liquid crystal cell. Specifically, the dye liquid crystal box comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a dye liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the dye liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first substrate comprises a first substrate 11, a first electrode 13 and a first orientation layer 15, wherein the first electrode 13 and the first orientation layer 15 are sequentially arranged on one side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the first substrate 11; the second substrate includes: a second substrate 12, a second electrode 14 and a second alignment layer 16 sequentially disposed on one side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer; the material of the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dye molecules. Depending on the dichroic properties of the dichroic dye molecules, only light that is in parallel with the long axis of the dye molecules in the incident light can be absorbed.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are both plate-shaped electrodes for explanation, and at this time, the dye liquid crystal cell is a VA liquid crystal cell, that is, the display mode is a normally white mode. When no voltage is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a bright state, as shown in fig. 1; when a voltage is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a dark state, as shown in fig. 2. The long axis direction of the dye molecules in the liquid crystal layer is only one direction and is parallel to the liquid crystal orientation direction, so that 50% of incident light is absorbed at most, namely the dark state transmittance is more than or equal to 50%. In practice, the long axes of the dye molecules are not completely parallel, the light absorption amount is increased, and the Trans is reduced under the influence of a medium, but the dark state transmittance is generally more than or equal to 30%. Because the dark state transmittance is high, the dimming glass CR in the mode is low and is generally about 2; wherein CR represents a ratio of the bright-state transmittance to the dark-state transmittance.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, an exemplary light control glass is provided, which is composed of two basic light control structures 10 without chiral agent; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the dimming glass in a bright state; fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the dimming glass in a dark state. The structure of each dye liquid crystal cell can be the same as the structure, particularly, the orientation directions of two liquid crystal cells in the light adjusting glass are mutually vertical, when in a dark state, the long axis directions of dye molecules in the two dye liquid crystal cells are mutually vertical, the light absorption directions of the dye molecules are mutually vertical, and the two are equivalent to orthogonally placed polaroids, so that the dark state transmittance is very low, and the corresponding CR is higher. However, the light control glass of this mode is composed of two dye liquid crystal cells and an adhesive layer 30 for bonding the two dye liquid crystal cells, and is thick, and it is difficult to satisfy the demand for thinning of the functional layer in a passenger car, a building, and the like. For this reason, the following light control glass is provided in the embodiment of the present invention. In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light modulation glass, which includes a basic light modulation glass and a reflective polarizer 40, which are stacked; wherein, the basic light modulation structure 10 and the reflective polarizer 40 are used to control the light transmittance of the light modulation glass.
It should be noted that the basic dimming structure 10 in the embodiment of the present invention refers to a glass structure capable of adjusting the dimming ratio, for example: dye liquid crystal box, PDLC intelligent glass, electrochromic intelligent glass. In order to make the structure of the light-adjusting glass more clear, the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is taken as a dye liquid crystal cell in the embodiment of the present invention for illustration.
In a first aspect, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a light control glass, which includes a dye liquid crystal cell and a reflective polarizer 40; wherein, dyestuff liquid crystal cell includes: a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged, and a first liquid crystal layer 17 which is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first substrate 11 includes: a first substrate 11, a first electrode 13 and a first alignment layer 15 disposed in this order on the first substrate 11 side near the first liquid crystal layer 17; the second substrate includes: a second substrate 12, a second electrode 14 and a second alignment layer 16 sequentially disposed on the second substrate 12 on a side close to the first liquid crystal layer 17; the reflective polarizer 40 is disposed on a side of the first substrate facing away from the first liquid crystal layer 17. Both the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 can be plate electrodes, and at this time, the formed dye liquid crystal cell is a VA mode liquid crystal cell; when no voltage is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a bright state, as shown in fig. 5; when a voltage is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell 1 is in a dark state, as shown in fig. 6. That is, the dye cell is normally white. In which the alignment directions of both the first alignment layer 15 and the second alignment layer 16 are parallel, that is, the direction of rubbing alignment when the first alignment layer 15 is formed is parallel to the direction of rubbing alignment when the second alignment layer 16 is formed, but the direction of rubbing is opposite. The transmission axis direction of the reflective polarizer 40 is parallel to the orientation of the first alignment layer 15.
In the dark state, only the polarized light with the same polarization direction as the light transmission axis direction of the reflective polarizer 40 is transmitted into the dye liquid crystal cell, since the direction of deflection of the first liquid crystal layer 17 in the dark state depends on the first alignment layer 15 and the second alignment layer 16, in this way, the long axis direction of the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 17 is the same as the transmission axis direction of the reflective polarizer 40, and therefore, the light incident into the dye liquid crystal cell via the reflective polarizer 40 is only polarized light parallel to the long axis direction of the dye molecules, the positive dye molecules absorb polarized light having a direction parallel to the long axis direction thereof, so that the polarized light incident into the dye liquid crystal cell through the reflective polarizer 40 is absorbed by the dye molecules, emergent light is little, so that the dark state transmittance of the dimming glass is extremely low, and CR is high; and the dimming glass with the structure is light and thin.
It should be noted that, the above description has been made by taking the dye liquid crystal cell as a normally white mode, but of course, the dye liquid crystal cell may also be a normally black mode, that is, when a voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a dark state; when no voltage is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the dye liquid crystal cell is in a bright state.
In some embodiments, the dye molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 17 include base liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dye molecules, i.e., dichroic dye molecules are doped in the liquid crystal molecules. The doped dichroic dye molecules may be black dye molecules or color dye molecules, for example: red, orange, etc. Specifically, the dye liquid crystal adopted in the embodiment of the present invention does not contain a chiral agent, and the dye liquid crystal is a positive dye liquid crystal.
In some embodiments, the reflective Polarizer 40 includes, but is not limited to, APF (Advanced Polarizer Film; multilayer Film reflective Polarizer 40), DBEF (Dual Brightness Enhancement Film), DLRP (direct high efficiency reflective Polarizer).
The reflective polarizer 40 is typically connected to the first substrate 11 by an adhesive layer 50. In some embodiments, the thickness of the reflective polarizer 40 includes, but is not limited to, 150um or less; further, the thickness of the reflective polarizer 40 is less than 50 um. It can be understood that the smaller the thickness of the reflective polarizer 40, the thinner the light control glass as a whole.
As shown in fig. 7, a graph of the relationship between the bright and dark state transmittance and the Cell thickness (Cell Gap) of the light control glass and the liquid crystal Cell including two dye liquid crystal cells according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The liquid crystal molecules used in the two kinds of light control glass are MDA-18-2219, and the reflective polarizer 40 is APF (specifically model 3M V3, the transmittance is 65%). As can be seen from fig. 7, the dark transmittance of the light control glass (curve B) using the reflective polarizer 40 and the dye liquid crystal cell is substantially close to that of the light control glass (curve a) using two dye liquid crystal cells. When the box thickness is less than 18 mu m, the bright state transmittance of the dimming glass formed by the reflective polarizer 40 and the dye liquid crystal box is less than that of the dimming glass formed by two dye liquid crystal boxes, and when the box thickness is more than or equal to 18 mu m, the bright state transmittance of the dimming glass formed by the reflective polarizer 40 and the dye liquid crystal box is more than that of the dimming glass formed by two dye liquid crystal boxes.
In some embodiments, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 may be both glass substrates made of hard materials (e.g., quartz) or both flexible substrates made of flexible materials (e.g., polyimide PI). Of course, it is also possible to use a glass substrate for one of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 and a flexible substrate for the other.
In one example, as shown in fig. 8, the first substrate 11 is a glass substrate, the second substrate 12 is a flexible substrate, in this case, the reflective polarizer 40 is disposed on the glass substrate, in order to prevent the reflective polarizer 40 from being scratched, a first protective glass 60 is disposed on a first side of the reflective polarizer 40 facing away from the first substrate 11, and the first protective glass 60 is bonded to the reflective polarizer 40 through a first adhesive layer 7030. The first protective glass 60 includes, but is not limited to, tempered glass, and the first adhesive layer 7030 includes, but is not limited to, a PVB (Poly Vinyl butyl Butyral Film) adhesive layer. Of course, it is also possible to use a glass substrate for the second substrate 12.
In one example, as shown in fig. 9, a first protective glass 60 is provided on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate 11; the first protective glass 60 is bonded to the reflective polarizer 40 through the first adhesive layer 7030; a second cover glass 80 is arranged on a first side of the second substrate 12 facing away from the first liquid crystal layer 17; the second protective glass 80 is bonded to the reflective polarizer 40 through the second bonding layer 9030. The first protective glass 60 and the second protective glass 80 include, but are not limited to, tempered glass, and the first bonding layer 7030 and the second bonding layer 9030 include, but are not limited to, a PVB (Poly Vinyl butyl Film; polyvinyl Butyral) adhesive layer.
In one example, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, a first protective glass 60 is provided on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass 60 is bonded to the reflective polarizer 40 through the first adhesive layer 7030; a second protective glass 80 is disposed on a first side of the second substrate 12 away from the first liquid crystal layer 17, a certain distance exists between the second protective glass 80 and the second substrate, and the second protective glass 80 is sealed with the basic light modulation structure 10 through a sealing frame 100. Wherein the first protective glass 60 and the second protective glass 80 include but are not limited to tempered glass, and the first bonding layer 7030 includes but is not limited to a PVB (Poly Vinyl butyl Butyral Film) glue layer; the sealing frame 100 includes, but is not limited to, an aluminum frame.
In one example, as shown in fig. 12, the privacy glass may implement a louver structure; specifically, one of the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 in the dye liquid crystal cell is a stripe electrode, and the other is a plate electrode. Taking the second electrode 14 disposed on the second substrate 12 as an example of a strip electrode, in this case, each strip electrode is controlled by a separate driving circuit, so that corresponding voltage signals can be applied to the strip electrode corresponding to each driving circuit, so as to realize that the transmittances of the dimming glass corresponding to different positions of the electrode block are different, that is, the transmittances of the dimming glass in the vertical direction along each region are different, that is, the effect similar to a louver is achieved. It should be noted that the gray scale of each region of the dye liquid crystal cell corresponding to each strip electrode can be adjusted, that is, the transmittance can be adjusted.
In one example, as shown in fig. 13, the privacy protection function can be realized by a light control glass, which includes not only the basic light control structure 10 and the reflective polarizer 40, but also includes a functional light control structure 20, and the functional light control structure 20 is fixed to a side of the basic light control structure facing away from the reflective polarizer 40 by an adhesive layer 3030; the functional dimming structure 20 includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer 27 disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; and the second liquid crystal layer 27 is configured to be turned over under the control of an electric field between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, so that the functional light modulation structure 20 can be in a foggy state, that is, the light modulation glass has a privacy protection function.
Specifically, the third substrate of the functional light-adjusting structure 20 includes: a third substrate 21 on which a third electrode 23 and a third alignment layer 25 are sequentially disposed; the fourth substrate includes: a fourth substrate 22, a fourth electrode 24 and a fourth alignment layer 26 sequentially disposed on the fourth substrate 22; the material of the second liquid crystal layer 27 includes, but is not limited to, PNLC (polymer network liquid crystal) or PDLC (polymer dispersed liquid crystal). The third electrode 2313 and the fourth electrode 2414 may both be plate electrodes, that is, the functional light modulating structure 20 is a VA liquid crystal cell structure, and in this case, the first liquid crystal layer 17 preferably adopts a trans-PNLC.
When the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are not energized, the refractive indices of the short axes of the liquid crystal molecules and no electric field between the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are equal (n)p＝no) The light can pass through the functional light-adjusting structure 20, and the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a bright state; when the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are energized, and the applied voltage can generate an electric field between the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24, the liquid crystal molecules in the trans-PNLC are deflected, and the refractive index n of the polymer in the trans-PNLCpAnd refractive index n of long axis of liquid crystal moleculeeWhen the difference is maximum, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a fog state; and voltages applied to the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 cause liquid crystal molecules in the transPNLC to be deflected, and the refractive index n of the polymer in the transPNLC is changedpAnd refractive index n of long axis of liquid crystal moleculeeWhen the difference is not the maximum, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a gray-scale state.
For better clarity the above-mentioned privacy glass; taking the example that the first liquid crystal layer 17 includes dye liquid crystal, dichroic dye molecules are doped in liquid crystal molecules. The first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 both adopt plate electrodes, that is, the basic light modulation structure 10 is a VA-type liquid crystal cell. The first alignment layer 15 and the second alignment layer 16 are aligned in parallel, and when the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are not energized, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 17 are aligned perpendicular to the first substrate and the first substrate, so that incident light can pass through, and the basic dimming structure 10 is in a bright state; when the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 are energized and the electric field generated between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is caused to control the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules to be aligned parallel to the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the incident light along the long axis direction of the dichroic dye molecules is absorbed to make the basic dimming structure 10 in a dark state. Of course, when the electric field generated between the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14 is applied to the first electrode 13 and the second electrode 14, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules are controlled to be arranged obliquely with respect to the first substrate and the second substrate, and at this time, a part of light may pass through the basic light adjusting structure 10, so that the basic light adjusting structure 10 assumes a gray-scale state.
Referring to table one, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a bright state, a gray-scale state, and a fog state, respectively; the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in a bright state, a dark state, and a gray-scale state, respectively, corresponding to the state of the light-adjusting glass.
| Light-adjusting glass | Bright state | Grey scale | Dark state | 1 | Dark state 2 | Privacy protection state |
| Basic light-adjusting |
Bright state | Grey scale state | Dark state | Dark state | Bright state | |
| Functional light-adjusting |
Bright state | Grey scale state | Bright state | Fog state | Fog state |
It should be noted that, the dark state 1 and the dark state 2 in the table i both represent that the dimming glass is in a dark state, and only the reason for causing the dimming glass to be in a dark state is different, that is, the dark state 1 is that the basic dimming structure 10 is in a dark state, and the functional dimming structure 20 is in a bright state; the dark state 2 is a dark state of the basic light modulation structure 10, and the functional light modulation structure 20 is a fog state.
Therefore, the dimming glass in the embodiment can realize control of different transmittances of the dimming glass through mutual matching of the basic dimming structure 10 and the functional dimming structure 20, and can also be in a bright state on the basis dimming glass, and when the functional dimming glass is in a foggy state, the dimming glass is in a privacy protection state, so that the privacy protection function can be realized by structures such as a vehicle window, a glass partition, building glass and the like of the dimming glass, and further the user experience is improved.
In the present embodiment, when the basic light modulation structure 10 adopts the liquid crystal cell structure, the cell thickness is 3.5 μm to 30 μm, and the specific cell thickness can be specifically adjusted according to the transmittance of the light modulation glass.
In the present embodiment, when the functional light modulation structure 20 adopts the liquid crystal cell structure, the cell thickness is 5 μm to 15 μm, and the specific cell thickness can be specifically adjusted according to the transmittance of the light modulation glass.
The second substrate 12 in the basic light control structure 10 is shared with the third substrate 21 of the functional light control glass, so that the thickness of the light control glass can be reduced.
In one example, as shown in fig. 14, the light control glass may implement a color light control function, and the light control glass not only includes the basic light control structure 10 and the reflective polarizer 40, but also includes the functional light control structure 20, and the functional light control structure 20 is fixed to a side of the basic light control structure facing away from the reflective polarizer 40 by an adhesive layer 3030. The functional dimming structure 20 includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer 27 disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; a second liquid crystal layer 27 for color dye liquid crystal to be deflected by an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate so that the functional light adjusting structure 20 can take a pure color state; of course, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 can also be in a bright state, a dark state or a gray-scale state under the action of different electric fields between the first substrate and the second substrate.
Specifically, the third substrate of the functional light-adjusting structure 20 includes: a third substrate 21 on which a third electrode 23 and a third alignment layer 25 are sequentially disposed; the fourth substrate includes: a fourth substrate 22, a fourth electrode 24 and a fourth alignment layer 26 sequentially disposed on the fourth substrate 22; the material of the second liquid crystal layer 27 includes, but is not limited to, color dye liquid crystal, i.e., dichroic dye molecules mixed in liquid crystal molecules. The third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 can both be plate electrodes, that is, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is a VA liquid crystal cell structure.
Specifically, when the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are not energized, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules in the color dye liquid crystal between the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are perpendicular to the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, and at this time, light can pass through the functional light modulation structure 20, and the functional light modulation structure 20 is in a bright state; when the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are energized, and the applied voltage can generate an electric field between the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules in the color dye liquid crystal are controlled to be deflected and parallel to the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, so that the functional light modulation structure 20 is in a pure color state; when the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 are energized, and the applied voltage can generate an electric field between the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye molecules in the color dye liquid crystal are controlled to deflect and are not parallel to the third substrate 21 and the fourth substrate 22, so that the functional light modulation structure 20 is in a gray-scale state.
The basic dimming structure 10 is the same as the above-described structure, and thus will not be described here.
Referring to table two, the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a bright state, a gray-scale state, a dark state, and a pure color state; the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in a bright state, a dark state, and a gray-scale state, respectively, corresponding to the state of the light-adjusting glass.
| Light-adjusting glass | Bright state | Grey scale state | Dark state | Pure color state |
| Basic light-adjusting |
Bright state | Grey scale state | Dark state | Dark state |
| Functional light-adjusting |
Bright state | Grey scale state | Dark state | Pure color state |
Watch two
Therefore, it can be seen that, the dimming glass in this embodiment, through the mutual cooperation of the basic dimming structure 10 and the functional dimming structure 20, not only can realize the control of different transmittances of the dimming glass, but also can make the dimming glass be colored when the basic dimming glass is in a bright state and the functional dimming glass is in a pure color state.
The second substrate 12 in the basic light control structure 10 is shared with the third substrate 21 of the functional light control glass, so that the thickness of the light control glass can be reduced.
In one example, as shown in fig. 15, similar to the above example, the light control glass has a display function, and includes not only the basic light control structure 10 and the reflective polarizer 40, but also the functional light control structure 20, and the functional light control structure 20 is fixed to a side of the basic light control structure facing away from the reflective polarizer 40 by an adhesive layer 3030. The functional dimming structure 20 includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer 27 disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the second liquid crystal layer 27 is a color dye liquid crystal or a base liquid crystal for deflecting under the influence of an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate to enable the functional light adjusting structure 20 to perform display.
Specifically, the third substrate of the functional light-adjusting structure 20 includes: a third substrate 21 on which a third electrode 23 and a third alignment layer 25 are sequentially disposed; the fourth substrate includes: a fourth substrate 22, a fourth electrode 24 and a fourth alignment layer 26 sequentially disposed on the fourth substrate 22; specifically, one of the third electrode 23 and the fourth electrode 24 is a pixel electrode, and the other is a common electrode, and the pixel electrode is disposed corresponding to the pixel unit, so that the liquid crystal of the second liquid crystal layer 27 is driven to be inverted by applying a voltage to the pixel electrode and the common electrode, thereby realizing a display function.
The second substrate 12 in the basic light control structure 10 is shared with the third substrate 21 of the functional light control glass, so that the thickness of the light control glass can be reduced.
In one example, as shown in fig. 16, the light control glass may implement an infrared-proof function, and the light control glass not only includes the basic light control structure 10 and the reflective polarizer 40, but also includes the functional light control structure 20, and the functional light control structure 20 is fixed to a side of the basic light control structure facing away from the reflective polarizer 40 through the adhesive layer 30. The functional light adjusting structure 20 includes a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other, and a second liquid crystal layer 27 disposed between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, for deflecting under an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, so that the functional light adjusting structure 20 can reflect external red light.
Here, the second liquid crystal layer 27 may use a bistable liquid crystal that can reflect infrared light. Under the action of an electric field between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, the bistable liquid crystal can be in a P state, an H state and an FC state.
Specifically, the third substrate of the functional light adjusting structure 20 includes: a third substrate 21 on which a third electrode 23 and a third alignment layer 25 are sequentially disposed; the fourth substrate includes: a fourth substrate 22, a fourth electrode 24 and a fourth alignment layer 26 sequentially disposed on the fourth substrate 22; the second liquid crystal layer 27 may specifically include a bistable liquid crystal that reflects infrared light.
When the bistable liquid crystal is in a P state, visible light can normally pass through the functional dimming structure 20, and infrared light is reflected by the bistable liquid crystal; when the bistable liquid crystal is in an H state, visible light and infrared light can penetrate through the functional light adjusting structure 20; when the bistable liquid crystal is in the FC state, visible light and infrared light are scattered.
The basic dimming structure 10 is the same as the above structure, and will not be described in detail.
In the first case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in a bright state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in a P state, visible light can normally pass through the light-adjusting glass, and infrared light is reflected by the bistable liquid crystal, so as to prevent the infrared smart light-adjusting glass from being in an infrared-proof mode, thereby achieving an infrared-proof effect. The dimming glass can be applied to the fields of buildings, vehicle windows and the like, when the dimming glass is hot in summer, the anti-infrared mode can be started while the dimming glass is transparent, infrared light is prevented from entering the indoor or the vehicle window, the indoor temperature is reduced, the energy consumption of an indoor or in-vehicle air conditioner is reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
In the second case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in a bright state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in an H state, both visible light and infrared light can pass through the light-adjusting glass. When the temperature is relatively low in winter, the dimming glass is in the state, and at the moment, infrared rays irradiate indoors or in a vehicle room, so that the indoor temperature is increased, the energy consumption of an indoor air conditioner can be reduced, and the energy-saving effect is achieved.
In the third case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in the dark state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in the H state, only the infrared light can pass through the light-adjusting glass.
In the fourth case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in the dark state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in the FC state, the light-adjusting glass is in the scattering dark state, and is actually in the dark state.
In the fifth case, similar to the first case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in the dark state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in the P state, the light-adjusting glass is in the dark state at this time, and the light-adjusting glass can prevent the infrared light.
In the sixth case, when the basic light-adjusting structure 10 is in the gray-scale state and the bistable liquid crystal in the functional light-adjusting structure 20 is in the H state or the FC state, the light-adjusting glass is in the gray-scale state.
In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a glass module, which includes the above-mentioned light-adjusting glass.
The glass module can be applied to traffic facilities such as automobiles, trains, airplanes and the like. The method can also be applied to building smart windows. Because the embodiment of the utility model provides an intelligent door window includes foretell dimming glass, so its dark state transmissivity is lower, and CR is higher, and this intelligent door window is comparatively frivolous.
It is to be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments that have been employed to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and that the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (17)
1. The dimming glass is characterized by comprising a basic dimming structure and a reflective polarizer; the basic dimming structure comprises a first substrate, a second substrate and a first liquid crystal layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the first liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first liquid crystal layer is used for overturning under the control of an electric field generated between the first substrate and the second substrate so as to control the transmittance of light;
the reflective polarizer is positioned on one side of the first substrate, which is deviated from the liquid crystal layer.
2. The light control glass of claim 1, wherein the first liquid crystal layer comprises: base liquid crystal molecules and dichroic dye molecules.
3. The light control glass of claim 1, wherein the first substrate comprises a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on a side of the first substrate adjacent to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate comprises a second substrate and a second electrode arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; wherein,
the first electrode and the second electrode are both plate-shaped electrodes.
4. The light control glass of claim 1, wherein the first substrate comprises a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on a side of the first substrate adjacent to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate comprises a second substrate and a second electrode arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the first liquid crystal layer; wherein,
one of the first electrode and the second electrode is a plate-shaped electrode, and the other is a strip-shaped electrode.
5. A privacy glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer comprises any one of APF, DBEF and DLRP.
6. A privacy glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflective polarizer has a thickness of 150um or less.
7. A light control glass according to claim 1, wherein a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer.
8. A light control glass according to claim 1, wherein a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer;
a second protective glass is arranged on the first side, away from the first liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate; and the second protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a second bonding layer.
9. A light control glass according to claim 1, wherein a first protective glass is disposed on a side of the reflective polarizer facing away from the first substrate; the first protective glass is bonded with the reflective polarizer through a first bonding layer;
the second base plate deviates from the first side of the first liquid crystal layer is provided with second protective glass, a certain distance exists between the second protective glass and the second base plate, and the second protective glass is sealed with the basic dimming structure through a sealing frame.
10. A light control glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein a functional light control structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the second liquid crystal layer is used for overturning under the control of an electric field between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, so that the functional dimming structure can be in a fog state.
11. A light control glass as claimed in claim 10, wherein the second liquid crystal layer comprises PNLC or PDLC.
12. A light control glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein a functional light control structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the second liquid crystal layer comprises color dye liquid crystal and is used for overturning under the action of an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate so as to control the transmittance of light with the same color as the color dye liquid crystal in light irradiated on the functional dimming structure.
13. A light control glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein a functional light control structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate, a fourth substrate and a second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third substrate and the fourth substrate are oppositely arranged, and the second liquid crystal layer is arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate; the third substrate comprises a third substrate and a third electrode arranged on one side of the third substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer; the fourth substrate comprises a fourth base and a fourth electrode arranged on one side of the fourth base close to the second liquid crystal layer; and after voltage is applied to the third electrode and the fourth electrode, an electric field is formed, and the second liquid crystal layer is controlled to be turned over, so that the functional dimming structure can display pictures.
14. A light control glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein a functional light control structure is further disposed on a layer of the second substrate facing away from the liquid crystal layer; the functional dimming structure comprises a third substrate and a fourth substrate which are arranged oppositely, and a second liquid crystal layer arranged between the third substrate and the fourth substrate and used for turning under the action of an electric field generated between the third substrate and the fourth substrate to reflect light rays with a specific waveband.
15. A privacy glass as claimed in claim 14, wherein the second liquid crystal layer comprises bistable liquid crystal molecules.
16. A light control glass according to claim 13, wherein the second substrate comprises a second substrate, and a second electrode provided on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the first liquid crystal layer; the second substrate is common to the third substrate.
17. A glass module comprising the privacy glass of any one of claims 1-16.
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| CN201922223987.4U CN211454169U (en) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Light-adjusting glass and glass module |
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