CN112903461A - Device and method for testing multi-row group column uniaxial bearing capacity of goaf under influence of disturbance - Google Patents
Device and method for testing multi-row group column uniaxial bearing capacity of goaf under influence of disturbance Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 filling bodies Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the loading capacity of a multi-row group column single bearing in a horizontal goaf under the influence of disturbance. The device is characterized in that four protection rings are arranged on a base of a testing machine, a frame is arranged in each protection ring, the bottom end of each frame is connected with the base, the top end of each frame is connected with a cross frame, a plurality of groups of force control devices which are arranged in parallel are arranged at the bottom of a workbench, and each force control device comprises a hydraulic pushing shaft, a main loading oil cylinder and a pressure sensor; the bottom of the transverse frame is provided with a plurality of groups of force disturbance devices which are arranged in parallel, and each force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod; an upper pressure plate and an upper pressure plate are arranged above the sample, the upper pressure plate is connected with the force disturbance device, a lower pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the sample, and the lower pressure plate is fixed on the workbench and connected with the force control device. The method can obtain the single bearing loading capacity of the horizontal goaf multi-row grouped column system under the disturbance loading condition, and obtain the mutual influence relationship among the horizontal goaf grouped column individuals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for testing the loading capacity of a multi-row group column single bearing in a horizontal goaf under the influence of disturbance, which are mainly suitable for a device and a method for synchronously loading a plurality of coal, rock, filling bodies, concrete, coal-filling samples and rock-filling samples, and belong to the technical field of mining rock mechanical tests.
Background
Due to the laggard mining method in the old mining period, a large number of left-over coal pillars are formed in a plurality of mines in China, and the method mainly comprises the following steps: the coal pillar group is formed by combining a cutter pillar type, a room pillar type, a strip type, a short-wall type, a roadway mining type, a warehouse type and a jump mining type. Similarly, pillar clusters are also formed in the goaf during metal mining to carry overburden loads and to ensure long term stability of the stope.
The filling mining can effectively control the overburden movement and the surface subsidence. In recent years, in order to solve the technical problems of insufficient sources of filling materials, high cost and the like, the method comprises the technical methods of partial filling, roadside filling, strip filling, pier column filling, local filling, short wall filling, strip filling, interval filling, pillar side filling, structural filling, functional filling, framework type filling and the like, and is applied and popularized in a plurality of mines. The filling mining technical method is inevitable to reserve filling columns (concrete columns) with different sizes/shapes in the goaf, and the filling columns are distributed in a group column mode and combined to form filling body group columns or concrete group columns.
The above coal pillar group, ore pillar group, packed pillar group, and concrete group are collectively referred to herein as "pillar group". The initial purpose of reserving stope group columns is to bear the load of an overlying strata and ensure the long-term stability of a goaf. The long-term stability of stope crowd columns is a scientific issue of concern. However, under the coupling action of overburden load, disturbance load, mine water erosion, sulfate corrosion, chloride corrosion, natural weathering and the like, the bearing capacity of the stope group column is gradually weakened, instability of a group column system can be caused, so that disasters such as overburden collapse, surface subsidence and the like are caused, and great potential safety hazards are brought to safe and efficient mining of coal resources.
The goaf leaving group column can be subjected to strong external disturbance action besides the static load of the overlying load, the disturbance action seriously threatens the personal safety and the engineering quality of engineering personnel, and the traditional testing machine cannot research the single-bearing load capacity of the leaving group column under the disturbance. However, the traditional testing machine can only load a single coal pillar, cannot carry out double-shaft loading on a plurality of groups of pillars, and cannot research the bearing capacity of a group of pillar systems for overlying loads after the pillars are filled beside the pillars.
The independent individuals of the stope group columns have mutual influence, and overlying strata load, disturbance load and the like are not borne by a single stope column body and are mainly borne together through a group column system. If one column body is locally destabilized and damaged, the overburden load and the disturbance load are transferred, so that the destabilization of adjacent group columns is damaged, and the chain-type instability of domino of the stope group columns is caused. Therefore, it is highly necessary to test the overall load bearing capacity of the stope group column system. At present, the overall bearing capacity of a group column of a field monitoring stope is difficult to realize, and the group column can only be tested by a small-size group column sample of a laboratory. The traditional testing machine can only load a single column sample, and can not load a group of column samples.
In summary, it is urgently needed to develop a testing device and method for the whole bearing capacity of the stope group column, so as to obtain the whole bearing capacity of the stope group column system, obtain the mutual influence relation between the group column individuals, lay a foundation for revealing the chain instability response characteristics and mechanism of the stope group column, and provide guidance for the development of the stope group column chain instability prevention and control technology. The invention provides a device and a method for testing the single bearing capacity of horizontal goaf multi-row grouped columns under the influence of disturbance, and aims to provide a focusing horizontal goaf multi-row grouped column testing device and a focusing horizontal goaf multi-row grouped column testing method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the single bearing capacity of multiple rows of group columns in a horizontal goaf under the influence of disturbance, in particular to a device for synchronously loading multiple coal, rock, filling bodies, concrete, coal-filling and rock-filling test pieces, which can obtain the mutual influence relation among the group column individuals, lay a foundation for disclosing the chain type instability response characteristics and mechanisms of the group columns in a stope and provide guidance for the research and development of the chain type instability prevention and control technology of the group columns in the stope.
The invention provides a testing device for the uniaxial bearing capacity of multiple rows of grouped columns in a goaf under the influence of disturbance, which comprises: the device comprises a base, a frame, a lower pressure plate, an upper pressure plate, a workbench, a cross frame, a hydraulic pushing shaft, a main loading oil cylinder, a pressure sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder, a disturbance rod, a protection ring, a disturbance force sensor and a screw.
The testing machine comprises a base, a machine frame, a plurality of groups of force control devices, a plurality of groups of hydraulic pushing shafts, a main loading oil cylinder and a pressure sensor, wherein the four protection rings are arranged on the base of the testing machine, the inside of each protection ring is provided with the machine frame, the bottom end of each machine frame is connected with the base, the top end of each machine frame is connected with a cross frame, and the bottom of a workbench is provided with the plurality; the bottom of the transverse frame is provided with a plurality of groups of force disturbance devices which are arranged in parallel, and each force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod; an upper pressure plate and an upper pressure plate are arranged above the samples (a plurality of samples represent a plurality of rows of a plurality of group columns), the upper pressure plate is connected with a force control device, a lower pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the samples, and the lower pressure plate is fixed on a workbench and connected with a force disturbance device.
Preferably, the cluster column comprises: the method is suitable for the group columns with circular cross sections, the group columns with rectangular cross sections, and the group columns with triangular or trapezoidal cross sections.
Preferably, the device and the method are suitable for the goaf formed after the mining of the nearly horizontal coal seam with the inclination angle of less than 5 degrees.
Preferably, the length, the width and the height of the workbench are respectively 2000mm, 400mm and 400mm, five rows of lower pressing discs located on the same central line are mounted on the workbench, the lower pressing discs are fixed on the workbench through screws, and the single-bearing capacity of 1-25 test pieces can be synchronously monitored; the diameter of the upper end of the lower pressing plate is 150mm, and the diameter of the lower end of the lower pressing plate is 300 mm.
Preferably, the device comprises twenty-five groups of force control devices, each group of force control device comprises a pressure sensor, a main loading oil cylinder and a hydraulic pushing shaft, the pressure sensors are arranged in the hydraulic system and connected with a microcomputer through a control circuit, the stress state of each test piece can be accurately controlled respectively, the hydraulic pushing shafts are controlled and adjusted by the main loading oil cylinders, the same and different loading speeds of different test pieces can be realized, and the device is used for simulating the conditions that the stress of the test pieces is uniform and the stress is not uniform.
Preferably, the device comprises twenty-five groups of force disturbance devices, each group of force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod, the disturbance load is applied through the disturbance oil cylinder at the top of the testing machine, and the axial disturbance load with the waveform of cosine wave, triangular wave and square wave can be applied to the test piece under the action of the disturbance rod on the test piece.
Preferably, the upper platen is divided into two types, one for studying the load bearing capacity of multiple specimens to share the overlying load, and one for studying the load bearing capacity of a single specimen simultaneously.
Preferably, the device can be used for uniaxial compression of group columns and single columns, can be used for studying the mechanical properties of single coal, rock, filling body, concrete, coal-filling and rock-filling, and can also simulate the progressive failure of a plurality of coal, rock, filling body, concrete, coal-filling and rock-filling samples.
In the device, the upper pressure plates are three in number, the types of the upper pressure plates can be selected according to experiment requirements, the first type is an integral upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 5000mm and 5000mm respectively, the second type is a single-row upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 1000mm and 150mm respectively, the third type is a single-body upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 150mm and 150mm respectively, the first type of upper pressure plate is used for researching the bearing capacity of a multi-row sample for bearing an overlying load together, the second type of upper pressure plate is used for researching the bearing capacity of a single-row sample for bearing the overlying load together, and the third type of upper pressure plate is used for testing the single-bearing capacity of a plurality of samples simultaneously.
The invention provides a method for testing the uniaxial bearing capacity of multiple rows of grouped columns in a goaf under the influence of disturbance, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the distribution position, the form and the size of the remaining grouped pillars in the horizontal goaf in the range to be tested are comprehensively investigated by utilizing the original geological technical data of the mine and by means of a supplementary exploration technical means;
step two: determining the shape, size and number of the test sample to be tested based on the information of the horizontal goaf remaining cluster columns obtained in the step one;
step three: drilling a sample with a proper size by using a special core drilling machine for coal rock and in a multi-stage variable speed manual feeding mode, and cutting and polishing the sample to the shape and size required by a test by using a coal rock cutting machine;
step four: sequentially mounting the samples on a lower pressure plate on a workbench;
step five: determining the type of the upper pressing plate according to experimental requirements, selecting a first type of upper pressing plate when testing the carrying capacity of the multi-row samples for jointly bearing the overlying load, selecting a second type of upper pressing plate when testing the carrying capacity of the single-row samples for jointly bearing the overlying load, and selecting a third type of upper pressing plate when testing the single-row bearing capacity of the multiple samples;
step six: placing the selected upper pressing plate above the sample to be tested, and enabling the central line of the upper pressing plate and the central line of the sample to be tested to be located on the same plane so as to ensure that the sample to be tested is stressed uniformly;
step seven: clearing the force value of each sensor to zero, and preloading;
step eight: after the preloading is finished, the loading speed of each hydraulic pushing shaft is set respectively for loading;
step nine: when the axial loading is carried out to the target value, the disturbance rod is utilized to apply axial disturbance load according to the test requirement;
step ten: continuously applying axial load, and when the bearing capacity of the multiple rows of samples for jointly bearing the overlying load is tested, the multiple rows of samples are loaded to be integrally unstable; when the bearing capacity of the overlying load is commonly borne by the single-row test samples, the single-row test samples are loaded to each row of test samples to be subjected to overall instability; when the single bearing capacity of a plurality of samples is tested simultaneously, all the samples are loaded to be instable, or the loading is stopped after the test requirements are met;
step eleven: after loading is finished, the hydraulic pushing shaft is controlled by the hydraulic oil cylinder to unload, and the test is finished. The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize the simultaneous loading of a plurality of coal, rock, filling bodies, concrete, coal-filling and rock-filling samples, further realize the simulation of the loading damage of a plurality of body columns, realize the loading of uniform and non-uniform loads of a plurality of groups of columns by a plurality of hydraulic pushing shafts, apply axial disturbance load by the disturbance rod and research the single bearing capacity of a group column system under the disturbance action.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first type of upper platen in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first type of upper platen loading configuration for use with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second type of upper platen working scenario for the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second type of upper platen loading configuration for use with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a third type of upper platen working scenario of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a third type upper platen loading configuration for use with the present invention;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the loading device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-tester base; 2, a frame; 3, pressing a plate downwards; 4, an upper pressure plate; 5, an upper pressing plate; 6, a workbench; 7-horizontal frame; 8, pushing a shaft hydraulically; 9-main loading oil cylinder; 10-a pressure sensor; 11-disturbance oil cylinder; 12-a disturbance rod; 13-a guard ring; 14-disturbance force sensor; 15-screws; 16-sample.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, a device and a method for testing the loading capacity of a multi-row group column single bearing in a horizontal goaf under the influence of disturbance are characterized by comprising: the testing machine comprises a testing machine base 1, a frame 2, a lower pressing disc 3, an upper pressing disc 4, an upper pressing plate 5, a workbench 6, a cross frame 7, a hydraulic pushing shaft 8, a main loading oil cylinder 9, a pressure sensor 10, a disturbance oil cylinder 11, a disturbance rod 12, a protection ring 13, a disturbance force sensor 14 and a screw 15.
Four protection rings 13 are arranged on the base 1, a frame 2 is arranged inside each protection ring 13, one end of each frame 2 is connected with the base 1, and the other end of each frame is connected with the cross frame 7.
Preferably, twenty-five lower pressing plates 3 are arranged on the workbench 5, and 1-25 coal, rock and filling bodies can be loaded at the same time, as shown in fig. 2.
Preferably, twenty-five sets of force control means are included, each set comprising a pressure sensor 10 and master loading cylinder 9 and a hydraulic push shaft 8.
Preferably, a pressure sensor 10 is arranged inside each hydraulic pushing shaft 8, so that the stress state of each test piece can be respectively and accurately controlled, the same or different loading speed can be realized on different test pieces, and the conditions of uniform stress and non-uniform stress of the test pieces can be simulated, as shown in fig. 2.
Preferably, the test device comprises twenty-five groups of force disturbance devices, each group of force disturbance devices comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod, and axial disturbance loads in forms of cosine waves, triangular waves and square waves can be applied to the test piece.
Preferably, the lower platen center points are collinear, as shown in FIG. 1.
Preferably, the device can be used for uniaxial compression of a plurality of groups of columns, the load transmitted by the upper pressing plate is jointly borne by the groups of columns, and the bearing capacity of a group of column systems on the upper load can be researched.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1, 3 and 5, a device and a method for testing the loading capacity of a plurality of rows of grouped columns in a horizontal goaf under the influence of disturbance are characterized by comprising the following steps: the testing machine comprises a testing machine base 1, a frame 2, a lower pressing disc 3, an upper pressing disc 4, an upper pressing plate 5, a workbench 6, a cross frame 7, a hydraulic pushing shaft 8, a main loading oil cylinder 9, a pressure sensor 10, a disturbance oil cylinder 11, a disturbance rod 12, a protection ring 13, a disturbance force sensor 14 and a screw 15.
Four protection rings 12 are arranged on the base 1, a rack 2 is arranged inside each protection ring 12, one end of each rack 2 is connected with the base 1, and the other end of each rack is connected with the cross frame 7.
Preferably, 1-25 groups of force control devices are included, and each group of force control device comprises a pressure sensor 10, a main loading oil cylinder 9 and a hydraulic pushing shaft 8.
Preferably, a pressure sensor 10 is arranged inside each hydraulic pushing shaft 8, so that the stress state of each test piece can be respectively and accurately controlled, the same or different loading speed can be realized on different test pieces, and the conditions of uniform stress and non-uniform stress of the test pieces can be simulated, as shown in fig. 2.
Preferably, the device comprises 1-25 groups of force disturbance devices, each group of force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod, and the axial disturbance load in the form of cosine waves, triangular waves and square waves can be applied to the test piece.
Preferably, the lower platen center points are collinear, as shown in FIG. 1.
Preferably, twenty-five lower pressing plates 3 are arranged on the workbench 5, 1-25 coal, rock and filling bodies can be loaded simultaneously, and the experimental efficiency is greatly improved.
Preferably, the device operating step comprises:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the number of samples to be tested simultaneously according to the experiment requirement;
step two: sequentially mounting the samples on a lower platen (3) on a workbench (6);
step three: determining and selecting the type of the upper pressure plate (5) according to experimental requirements and installing the upper pressure plate;
step four: clearing the force value of each sensor (10) to zero, and preloading;
step five: after the preloading is finished, the loading speed of each hydraulic pushing shaft (8) is set respectively for loading;
step six: applying axial disturbance load by using a disturbance rod (12);
step seven: after loading is finished, the hydraulic pushing shaft (8) is controlled by the main loading oil cylinder (9) to unload.
The above is an embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and may be simply modified according to the substance of the present invention, which all fall within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a testing arrangement of goaf multirow crowd post unipolar bearing capacity under disturbance influence which characterized in that includes: the testing machine comprises a testing machine base (1), a frame (2), a lower pressing disc (3), an upper pressing disc (4), an upper pressing plate (5), a workbench (6), a cross frame (7), a force control device, a force disturbance device and a protection ring (13);
the testing machine comprises a base, a machine frame, a plurality of groups of force control devices, a plurality of groups of hydraulic pushing shafts, a main loading oil cylinder and a pressure sensor, wherein the four protection rings are arranged on the base of the testing machine, the inside of each protection ring is provided with the machine frame, the bottom end of each machine frame is connected with the base, the top end of each machine frame is connected with a cross frame, and the bottom of a workbench is provided with the plurality; the bottom of the transverse frame is provided with a plurality of groups of force disturbance devices which are arranged in parallel, and each force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor, a disturbance oil cylinder and a disturbance rod; an upper pressure plate and an upper pressure plate are arranged above the sample, the upper pressure plate is connected with the force disturbance device, a lower pressure plate is arranged at the bottom of the sample, and the lower pressure plate is fixed on the workbench and connected with the force control device.
2. The testing device for the uniaxial bearing capacity of the multiple rows of grouped columns of the goaf under the influence of the disturbance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the goaf is formed after the mining of a nearly horizontal coal seam with an inclination angle smaller than 5 degrees; the group column comprises one of a coal column group, an ore column group, a filling column group, a concrete column group, a coal column-filling column combined group column, an ore column-filling column combined group column and a coal column-concrete column combined group column; the section of the group column is circular or rectangular or triangular or trapezoidal.
3. The testing device for the uniaxial bearing capacity of the multiple rows of grouped columns of the goaf under the influence of the disturbance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length, the width and the height of the workbench (6) are respectively 2000mm, 400mm and 400mm, five rows of lower pressing discs (3) positioned on the same central line are mounted on the workbench (6), and the lower pressing discs are fixed on the workbench (6) through screws (15), so that the single-bearing capacity of 1-25 test pieces can be synchronously monitored; the diameter of the upper end of the lower pressing plate is 150mm, and the diameter of the lower end of the lower pressing plate is 300 mm.
4. The device for testing the uniaxial bearing capacity of the multiple rows of grouped columns of the goaf under the influence of disturbance according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising 1-25 groups of force control devices, wherein each group of force control device comprises a pressure sensor (10), a main loading oil cylinder (9) and a hydraulic pushing shaft (8), the pressure sensor (10) is arranged in each hydraulic system, and the pressure sensors are connected with a microcomputer through a control circuit, so that the stress state of each test piece can be accurately controlled respectively, the loading with the same or different speeds on different test pieces can be realized, and the device is used for simulating the condition that the test pieces are uniformly stressed or non-uniformly stressed.
5. The device for testing the multi-row grouped column single-shaft bearing capacity of the goaf under the influence of disturbance according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising 1-25 groups of force disturbance devices, wherein each group of force disturbance device comprises a disturbance force sensor (14), a disturbance oil cylinder (11) and a disturbance rod (12), the disturbance load is applied through the disturbance oil cylinder at the top of the testing machine, and then the disturbance rod acts on a sample, so that the axial disturbance load with the waveform of cosine wave, triangular wave and square wave can be applied to the sample.
6. The testing device for the uniaxial bearing capacity of the multiple rows of grouped columns of the goaf under the influence of the disturbance according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper pressure plates are of three types, the types of the upper pressure plates can be selected according to experiment requirements, the first type is an integral upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 5000mm and 5000mm respectively, the second type is a single-row upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 1000mm and 150mm respectively, the third type is a single-body upper pressure plate with the length and the width of 150mm and 150mm respectively, the first type of upper pressure plate is used for researching the bearing capacity of a plurality of rows of samples for bearing the overlying load together, the second type of upper pressure plate is used for researching the bearing capacity of a single row of samples for bearing the overlying load together, and the third type of upper pressure plate is used for testing the single-bearing capacity of a plurality of samples simultaneously.
7. A testing method for the uniaxial bearing capacity of multiple rows of grouped columns in a goaf under the influence of disturbance adopts the testing device for the uniaxial bearing capacity of multiple rows of grouped columns in the goaf under the influence of disturbance, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the distribution position, the form and the size of the remaining grouped pillars in the horizontal goaf in the range to be tested are comprehensively investigated by utilizing the original geological technical data of the mine and by means of a supplementary exploration technical means;
step two: determining the shape, size and number of the test sample to be tested based on the information of the horizontal goaf remaining cluster columns obtained in the step one;
step three: drilling a sample with a proper size by using a special core drilling machine for coal rock and in a multi-stage variable speed manual feeding mode, and cutting and polishing the sample to the shape and size required by a test by using a coal rock cutting machine;
step four: sequentially mounting the samples on a lower pressure plate on a workbench;
step five: determining the type of the upper pressing plate according to experimental requirements, selecting a first type of upper pressing plate when testing the carrying capacity of the multi-row samples for jointly bearing the overlying load, selecting a second type of upper pressing plate when testing the carrying capacity of the single-row samples for jointly bearing the overlying load, and selecting a third type of upper pressing plate when testing the single-row bearing capacity of the multiple samples;
step six: placing the selected upper pressing plate above the sample to be tested, and enabling the central line of the upper pressing plate and the central line of the sample to be tested to be located on the same plane so as to ensure that the sample to be tested is stressed uniformly;
step seven: clearing the force value of each sensor to zero, and preloading;
step eight: after the preloading is finished, the loading speed of each hydraulic pushing shaft is set respectively for loading;
step nine: when the axial loading is carried out to the target value, the disturbance rod is utilized to apply axial disturbance load according to the test requirement;
step ten: continuously applying axial load, and when the bearing capacity of the multiple rows of samples for jointly bearing the overlying load is tested, the multiple rows of samples are loaded to be integrally unstable; when the bearing capacity of the overlying load is commonly borne by the single-row test samples, the single-row test samples are loaded to each row of test samples to be subjected to overall instability; when the single bearing capacity of a plurality of samples is tested simultaneously, all the samples are loaded to be instable, or the loading is stopped after the test requirements are met;
step eleven: after loading is finished, the hydraulic pushing shaft is controlled by the hydraulic oil cylinder to unload, and the test is finished.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110151073.0A CN112903461B (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Device and method for testing single-axis bearing capacity of multiple rows of group columns of goaf under influence of disturbance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110151073.0A CN112903461B (en) | 2021-02-04 | 2021-02-04 | Device and method for testing single-axis bearing capacity of multiple rows of group columns of goaf under influence of disturbance |
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