CN113049780A - Testing device and testing method for gangue fluidized filling material - Google Patents
Testing device and testing method for gangue fluidized filling material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113049780A CN113049780A CN202110299636.0A CN202110299636A CN113049780A CN 113049780 A CN113049780 A CN 113049780A CN 202110299636 A CN202110299636 A CN 202110299636A CN 113049780 A CN113049780 A CN 113049780A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
Abstract
The invention discloses a gangue fluidized filling material testing device and a testing method thereof, wherein the device comprises a testing box and a base, wherein a bottom plate of the testing box is fixed on the base; the test box is a hollow box body, a side plate and/or a top plate of the test box are/is provided with a plurality of grouting holes for injecting slurry into the test box, and the slurry comprises gangue and water; the base comprises an upper base layer and a lower base layer, and a variable angle structure is arranged between the upper base layer and the lower base layer and used for changing the inclination angle of the test box fixed on the upper base layer and the upper part of the upper base layer. Meanwhile, the box body can realize monitoring, certain slurry is injected, the distribution condition of the slurry (divided into gangue and water) in the goaf can be judged, meanwhile, the impact deformation, the displacement characteristic and the like of the original large gangue can be monitored, and the whole device adopts a modular assembly mode and is convenient to assemble and disassemble.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of mine grouting filling, in particular to a device and a method for testing a gangue fluidized filling material.
Background art:
under large-scale coal resource development, shallow coal resources in the middle east of China are nearly exhausted, deep coal resources are relatively rich, but the mining difficulty is high due to the influence of disturbance of four high parts and one high part in deep mining, the production cost of a mine is increased, the high-efficiency production of a deep mine is severely restricted, and meanwhile, the discharge of waste rocks causes serious damage to the ecological environment around the mine, such as water resource pollution damage, atmosphere resource pollution damage, land occupation and the like.
The problems faced by deep mines at present are mainly: firstly, the mining depth of the mine is over kilometers, and a plurality of problems such as difficulty in auxiliary lifting and the like need to be faced; secondly, a large amount of gangue is generated in the mine every year and needs to be processed in time, and the original method for filling and processing the gangue is high in cost. In order to solve the engineering problems, the university of the mineral industry in China proposes a mode of conveying waste rocks into a goaf through a pipeline to treat waste rock waste, and the method has the advantages of high construction speed, low labor intensity, strong continuity, low construction cost, good filling effect and the like, and has important significance for treating the waste rocks of deep mines and realizing coordinated development of mine resource exploitation and environmental protection. In order to research the grouting condition of gangue fluidized filling, a testing device for gangue fluidized filling materials needs to be researched.
The invention content is as follows:
the purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the problems, the invention aims to provide a gangue fluidized filling material testing device and a testing method thereof, which mainly simulate the caving form of a goaf and simulate the form distribution condition of gangue slurry injected into the goaf.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a testing device for gangue fluidized filling materials, which comprises a test box and a base, wherein a bottom plate of the test box is fixed on the base;
the test box is a hollow box body, a side plate and/or a top plate of the test box are/is provided with a plurality of grouting holes for injecting slurry into the test box, and the slurry comprises gangue and water;
the base comprises an upper base layer and a lower base layer, and a variable angle structure is arranged between the upper base layer and the lower base layer and used for changing the inclination angle of the test box fixed on the upper base layer and the upper part of the upper base layer.
Furthermore, the angle-variable structure is positioned between the upper layer and the lower layer of the base and comprises a plurality of hydraulic upright columns arranged on one side of the base and a rotating device arranged on the opposite side of the hydraulic upright columns; the hydraulic upright column rises by pressurization to push the upper layer of the base to rotate upwards around the rotating device, so that the inclination angle of the test box fixed on the upper layer of the base and the upper part of the upper layer of the base is changed.
Furthermore, the rotating device is a hinge, 0-45 degree angle marks are distributed on the side surface of the hinge on the lower layer side of the base, and an angle index mark is carved on the position, horizontal to the rotating circle center, of the upper layer of the base and used for indicating the reading lifting angle.
Further, the base and the test box are both made of stainless steel; the test box is in a cube structure, the external dimension is length multiplied by width multiplied by height which is 4m multiplied by 4m, and the internal effective loading space is length multiplied by width multiplied by height which is 3.6m multiplied by 3.6 m.
Furthermore, the middle parts of the side plates and/or the top plate are matched by a steel frame and a plurality of transparent plates to form a transparent window frame structure, and the transparent window frame structure is used for monitoring the distribution of the gangue in the test box in real time through the transparent plates.
Furthermore, the grouting holes are formed in the center of the transparent plate, so that the characteristics of different types of gangue during injection can be simulated, and the characteristics include but are not limited to the direction and the angle of the gangue during injection.
Furthermore, a liquid level meter is fixed on the inner side of the node of the steel frame and used for monitoring the distribution condition of the slurry in the test box and outputting a water level value to the outside.
Furthermore, the side plate and the top bottom plate of the test box, and the bottom plate and the base are fixedly connected with each other through bolts, and the contact inner part is provided with a sealing ring for preventing grouting liquid from seeping out;
the hydraulic upright column is fixedly connected with the lower layer of the base and the upper layer of the base through a rotating structure.
The invention also aims to provide a test method of the gangue fluidized filling material test device, which utilizes a hollow test box to simulate a goaf formed after coal seam mining, carries out grouting in the test box and analyzes the morphological distribution condition of gangue slurry injected into the goaf, and comprises the following specific test steps:
(1) fixing a test box without a top plate on a base, starting a variable-angle structure, and adjusting the test box to the inclination angle of the goaf;
(2) according to the result of the detection of the goaf, the waste rocks with different particle sizes are scaled, partitioned and layered into the test box, and the goaf caving form is simulated;
(3) covering a top plate of the test chamber and sealing a grouting hole in a side plate of the test chamber;
(4) starting a press machine, pressurizing the test box and simulating the pressure state of the goaf;
(5) opening any grouting hole, performing grouting simulation on the simulated goaf through a grouting pipeline, and monitoring the form distribution conditions of the gangue and slurry in the grouting process in real time, wherein the form distribution conditions specifically comprise the change conditions of gangue slurry diffusion, shape and the like;
(6) and after the grouting is finished, stopping the press machine.
And (3) further, when grouting simulation is carried out in the step (5), an exploration camera is placed in the rest grouting holes, and the morphological distribution conditions of the gangue and the slurry in the grouting process are monitored and recorded in real time through the exploration camera, and a liquid level instrument and a transparent plate which are arranged on the side plate and/or the top plate.
Has the advantages that:
the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the invention can truly simulate the caving form of the goaf and the form distribution condition of the gangue slurry injected into the goaf in a laboratory; (2) each part of the test device is mutually independent, and the test device is convenient to disassemble; (3) the test device can perform multi-source and multi-angle grouting test on the goaf in an inclined state, changes the current situation that only a compaction test can be performed under a horizontal condition, and better accords with the engineering practice.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a three-view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the inner structure of the front panel of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the base structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the hydraulic column structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the rotational structure of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a test chamber; 101. front and rear side plates; 102. a left side plate and a right side plate; 103. a top and bottom plate; 104. a steel frame; 105. a transparent plate; 106. a liquid level meter; 107. grouting holes; 2. a base; 201 hydraulic upright column; 202. an upper base; 203. a lower layer base.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a testing device for a gangue fluidized filling material. The base is provided with the variable angle structure, and wherein, one side is equipped with hydraulic column, and one side is equipped with rotating device, and hydraulic column can rise through the pressurization for change the inclination on base upper strata. Meanwhile, the box body can realize monitoring, certain slurry is injected, the distribution condition of the slurry (divided into gangue and water) in the goaf can be judged, meanwhile, the impact deformation, the displacement characteristic and the like of the original large gangue can be monitored, and the whole device adopts a modular assembly mode and is convenient to assemble and disassemble.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A gangue fluidized filling material testing device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a test box 1 and a base 2, wherein the test box 1 is positioned on the base 2.
The test chamber 1 includes front and rear panels 101, left and right side panels 102, and a top and bottom panel 103, as shown in fig. 2.
The base 2 is provided with a variable angle structure, one side of the variable angle structure is provided with a hydraulic upright column 201, and the other side of the variable angle structure is provided with a rotating device, so that the hydraulic upright column 201 can rise through pressurization and is used for changing the inclination angle of the upper layer 202 of the base, as shown in fig. 4. Hydraulic stud 201 may be selected from the HT300 type material.
As shown in fig. 1, the test chamber 1 has a cubic structure, and the external dimensions are as follows: the width is 4m, the length is 4m, and the height is 4 m; effective charging space: the length X width X height is 3.6m X3.6 m.
The four side panels (namely, the left and right side plates 102, the front and rear panels 101) and the top plate 103 of the test box are respectively provided with a window frame structure consisting of a steel frame 104 and 9 square transparent plates 105 in the middle, the transparent plates 105 are mainly made of high-strength Perm (Pasmo) plate transparent materials, and the distribution of waste rocks (broken waste rocks and large waste rocks) can be monitored in real time through the transparent plates 105, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
The side length of the square transparent plate 105 is 0.9m, the thickness of the square transparent plate is 0.2m, the center of the square transparent plate is provided with a hole, a phi 200 grouting hole 107 is embedded in the square transparent plate, and different gangue injection directions, angles and the like can be simulated, as shown in figures 2 and 3.
The four side panels 101 and 102 and the top and bottom plates 103 of the test chamber are fixed to each other by bolts, and the contact inner part is provided with a sealing ring to prevent grouting liquid from seeping out, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the top panel of the test box is also provided with 9 phi 200 sealing grouting holes 107, so that different gangue injection directions, angles and the like can be simulated.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the base 2 is divided into an upper layer 202 and a lower layer 203, and the upper layer 202 and the lower layer 203 are connected and fixed through a variable angle structure, wherein one side of the base is formed by a rotating structure including a hinge between the lower layer 203 and the upper layer 202, the opposite side of the base is connected together by a row of hydraulic columns 201, the rotating structure and the hydraulic columns 201 form a variable angle structure together, and the base upper layer 202 is pushed to rotate upwards around the rotating structure by pressurizing and lifting the hydraulic columns 201, so that the inclination angle of the test box 1 fixed on the base upper layer 202 and the upper part thereof can be changed.
The angle-changing device is characterized in that 0-45-degree angle marks are distributed on the hinge side surface of the lower base, the index value is 5 degrees, and the upper base is horizontally provided with an index mark engraved at the position of the rotating circle center for determining the specific lifting angle, as shown in fig. 6.
The base upper layer 202 and the bottom plate 103 of the test chamber 1 and the four side panels 101 and 102 are fixed together by bolts, and the contact inner part is provided with a sealing ring to prevent grouting liquid from seeping out, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The hydraulic column 201 is connected with the lower base layer 203 and the upper base layer 202 through a rotating structure such as a hinge, so that the inclination angle of the upper base layer 202 can be changed by pressurizing the hydraulic column 201, as shown in fig. 5.
The invention relates to a gangue fluidized filling material testing device which can perform a simulation test on gangue fluidized filling in a goaf, simulate the goaf formed after coal seam mining, perform grouting on the goaf, and analyze the morphological distribution condition of gangue slurry injected into the goaf, wherein the specific test steps are as follows:
(1) leveling the base 2, placing the base on the side of an external pressure machine, and aligning a bottom plate 103 of the test box with the base through a bolt hole;
(2) sequentially placing the four side panels 101 and 102 of the test chamber on a bottom plate 103 of the test chamber, aligning the four side panels with the bottom plate through bolt holes, fixing the base 2, the bottom plate 103 of the test chamber and the side plates 101 and 102 by bolts, and arranging sealing rings at the contact inner parts of the panels to prevent grouting liquid from seeping out;
(3) tightly fixing the four side panels 101 and 102 of the test box through bolts, starting the hydraulic upright 201, adjusting the height of the upright according to the index marks, and adjusting the box body to a required angle;
(4) according to the detection of the goaf, the waste rocks with different particle sizes are loaded into the box body in a scaling, partitioning and layering mode according to a certain proportion, the goaf caving mode is simulated, the top plate 103 of the test box 1 is covered, and the grouting hole 107 is sealed;
(5) starting a press machine, pressurizing the test box 1 and simulating the pressure state of the goaf; opening any grouting hole 107, performing grouting simulation on the 'goaf' through a grouting pipeline arranged in the grouting hole 107, simultaneously putting exploration cameras through the other grouting holes 107, and monitoring and recording the form distribution conditions of gangue and slurry in the grouting process in real time through the cameras, the liquid level instrument 106 and the transparent plate 105, wherein the change conditions specifically comprise the change conditions of diffusion, shape and the like of the gangue slurry;
(6) after grouting is finished, stopping the press machine, and after the press machine is completely released, releasing the pressure of the test box; and then, releasing the pressure of the hydraulic upright column, detaching the top plate, replacing the test material, and repeating the steps to perform the next group of tests.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a waste rock fluidization filling material testing arrangement which characterized in that: the device comprises a test box (1) and a base (2), wherein a bottom plate of the test box (1) is fixed on the base (2);
the test box (1) is a hollow box body, a side plate and/or a top plate of the test box (1) are/is provided with a plurality of grouting holes (107) for injecting slurry into the test box (1), and the slurry comprises gangue and water;
the base (2) comprises an upper base layer (202) and a lower base layer (203), and an angle changing structure is arranged between the upper base layer (202) and the lower base layer (203) and used for changing the inclination angle of the upper base layer (202) and the test box (1) fixed to the upper part of the upper base layer.
2. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the angle-variable structure is positioned between the upper base layer (202) and the lower base layer (203), and comprises a plurality of hydraulic upright columns (201) arranged on one side of the base (2) and rotating devices arranged on the opposite sides of the hydraulic upright columns; the hydraulic upright column (201) rises by pressurization to push the base upper layer (202) to rotate upwards around the rotating device, so that the inclination angle of the base upper layer (202) and the test box (1) fixed on the upper part of the base upper layer is changed.
3. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rotating device is a hinge, 0-45-degree angle marks are distributed on the side surface of the hinge on the lower layer (203) side of the base, and the upper layer (202) of the base is horizontally marked with an angle mark in the position of the rotating circle center and used for indicating and reading the lifting angle.
4. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base (2) and the test box (1) are both made of stainless steel materials; the test box (1) is in a cube structure, the external dimension is 4m × 4m × 4m × 4m, and the internal effective loading space is 3.6m × 3.6m × 3.6 m.
5. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the middle parts of the side plates and/or the top plate are matched by a steel frame (104) and a plurality of transparent plates (105) to form a transparent window frame structure, and are used for monitoring the distribution of the gangue in the test box (1) in real time through the transparent plates (105).
6. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the center of the transparent plate (105) is provided with the grouting hole (107) to simulate the characteristics of different gangue when being poured, wherein the characteristics include but are not limited to the direction and the angle of the gangue when being poured.
7. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and a liquid level meter (106) is fixed on the inner side of the node of the steel frame (104) and is used for monitoring the distribution condition of the slurry in the test box (1) and outputting a water level value outwards.
8. The device for testing the gangue fluidized filling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side plate and the top bottom plate of the test box (1), and the bottom plate and the base (2) are fixedly connected with each other through bolts, and a sealing ring is arranged at the contact inner part for preventing grouting liquid from seeping out;
the hydraulic upright column (201) is fixedly connected with the lower base layer (203) and the upper base layer (202) through a rotating structure.
9. The test method of the gangue fluidized filling material testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized in that: a hollow test box (1) is utilized to simulate a goaf formed after coal seam mining, grouting is carried out in the test box (1), the form distribution condition of gangue slurry injected into the goaf is analyzed, and the specific test steps are as follows:
(1) fixing a test box (1) without a top plate on a base (2), starting a variable-angle structure, and adjusting the test box (1) to the inclination angle of a goaf;
(2) according to the result of the detection of the goaf, the waste rocks with different particle sizes are scaled, partitioned and layered into the test box (1), and the goaf caving form is simulated;
(3) covering the top plate of the test chamber (1) and sealing the grouting holes (107) on the side plates of the test chamber (1);
(4) starting a press machine, pressurizing the test box (1) and simulating the pressure state of the goaf;
(5) opening any grouting hole (107), performing grouting simulation on the simulated goaf through a grouting pipeline, and monitoring the morphological distribution condition of the gangue and slurry in the grouting process in real time;
(6) and after the grouting is finished, stopping the press machine.
10. The test method of the gangue fluidized filling material testing device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that: and (5) while grouting simulation is carried out, putting exploration cameras in the rest grouting holes (107), and monitoring and recording the form distribution conditions of the gangue and the slurry in the grouting process in real time through the exploration cameras, and liquid level instruments (106) and transparent plates (105) arranged on the side plates and/or the top plate.
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Application publication date: 20210629 |