CN112902921B - Force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device - Google Patents
Force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112902921B CN112902921B CN202110105066.7A CN202110105066A CN112902921B CN 112902921 B CN112902921 B CN 112902921B CN 202110105066 A CN202110105066 A CN 202110105066A CN 112902921 B CN112902921 B CN 112902921B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
Abstract
The invention provides a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device, which belongs to the field of optical fiber interference measurement and mainly comprises a signal processing system, a signal acquisition system, a two-dimensional inclinometer, a photoelectric composite cable and a communication cable, wherein the two-dimensional inclinometer mainly comprises an inner frame, an outer shell, an inclined pendulum, an optical fiber device box and a photoelectric conversion circuit, the inclined pendulum is suspended at the top of the inner frame and can do fixed-point swing around one point at the top, four sensitive optical fibers are uniformly distributed around the inclined pendulum and compounded with mechanical structural components such as the inner frame and the inclined pendulum, and simultaneously wound on two pairs of fiber winding columns of the inclined pendulum and the inner frame with certain prestress to form a force balance push-pull structure, and the two pairs of push-pull structures simultaneously share one inclined pendulum. The device has the advantages that the two-dimensional inclination angle measurement of one point in space can be realized, and higher measurement sensitivity can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device, and belongs to the field of optical fiber interferometry.
Background
Earthquake is one of the most destructive natural disasters, and continental plates move all the time and almost all the day, so that the earthquake disaster causes countless disasters to the world. China is a country with frequent earthquakes, destructive earthquakes in China account for more than 30% of the world since the 20 th century, more than 80% of provinces in China are affected by earthquake disasters, and the national economic development and the life and property safety of people in China are seriously affected. In the earthquake occurrence process, the most direct accompanying phenomenon is the deformation of the crust of the earth, the deformation condition of the deep crust of the earth can be deduced according to the accurate measurement of the deformation of the surface of the earth, the monitoring of the movement and the deformation of the crust can be realized, the cognition of the earthquake inoculation process is deepened, and the experimental data support is provided for the development of earthquake prediction. The high-precision inclinometer is an important component of an instrument for observing deformation of the crust of the earth and is also one of main instruments for observing deformation of solid tides, and the high-precision inclinometer is widely applied to earth surface deformation monitoring, solid tide observation, ground inclined motion measurement of large land-based scientific instruments (such as a laser interference gravitational wave antenna LIGO), monitoring and early warning of geological disasters and the like.
Traditional clinometer mainly divide into long baseline clinometer and short baseline clinometer, wherein long baseline clinometer has the water pipe clinometer, short baseline clinometer has perpendicular pendulum clinometer, the level pendulum clinometer, bubble clinometer and folding pendulum clinometer etc, traditional clinometer mainly adopts capacitive sensor, electric sensors such as MEMS sensor, the displacement amount conversion that surveys the electricity is angle variation, thereby obtain inclination, but this type of electric sensor can all meet certain problem in field work, for example volume weight is unfavorable for the transport greatly, the anti-jamming capability is poor can not realize continuous stable measurement, it easily receives weather effect not to resist lightning. With the development of optical measurement sensing technology, optical or optical fiber measurement technology and the gradual replacement of the original electrical measurement means in many measurement fields, the optical fiber sensor has the characteristics of strong electromagnetic interference resistance, good high-temperature working stability, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and the application field is more and more extensive. The optical fiber sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, large dynamic range, long-term reliability, good stability and the like, and the optical fiber is compounded with different transduction structures, so that the measurement of different physical quantities, such as displacement, speed, angle and the like, can be realized.
The patent No. CN102607523A (Sun Qi, Daiyi, Liu Deming, Zhangjijun, Tanss. high precision clinometer based on laser beat frequency sensing technology and measuring method [ P ]. Hubei: CN102607523A,2012-07-25.) proposes a novel optical clinometer combining fiber grating and traditional water pipe clinometer, the main measuring method is to connect and fix the measuring fiber with the float on the liquid surface, when the relative vertical displacement of the foundations at two ends occurs due to the inclination, the liquid in the clinometer flows from the relatively raised end to the relatively lowered end, so the relative position of the liquid surface at two ends changes, the float on the liquid surface is driven to move, the measuring fiber at two sides respectively stretches and contracts, the laser beat frequency generated by the fiber grating changes, the liquid surface position change is measured according to the output signal, and the inclination angle can be obtained according to the base line length, although such an inclinometer has high demodulation accuracy and a relatively simple structure, it is difficult to carry and move due to its large size and heavy weight, and is only suitable for long-term observation in a base station. Zhang billow et al provides a novel optic fibre clinometer, be with the device that fiber grating and slope pendulum (33) combined together measurement slope, fix fiber grating in the both sides of pendulum, when the pendulum takes place the swing because of the ground slope, the fiber grating that can drive both sides takes place tensile and shrink, thereby the inclination of pendulum is obtained according to the displacement volume conversion that fiber grating measured, this kind of simple structure, the volume is less, nevertheless because the pendulum in this structure only depends on gravity to hang on the crossbeam, receive interference influences such as external vibrations easily, pendulum body stability is relatively poor.
The invention provides a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device, which is designed according to the following idea: the fiber interferometer is used as a displacement measurement means, the length of the sensing fiber is increased by utilizing a folding and winding mode, and highly sensitive displacement measurement and inclination angle measurement can be realized by benefiting from the length accumulation effect. Therefore, the fiber winding columns are arranged on the oscillating bar and the shell and the sensitive optical fibers are wound to serve as sensing units, when the oscillating bar oscillates due to inclination, the sensitive optical fibers on two sides of the oscillating bar can be driven to stretch and contract to form a push-pull structure, and the measuring sensitivity is further improved. On the basis, the hinge at the top of the swing rod adopts a cross universal shaft structure, so that the swing rod can swing along any angle in a horizontal plane, and the two-dimensional inclination angle measurement of one point in space can be realized by combining sensitive units around the swing rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device, which comprises a signal processing system 1, a signal acquisition system 2, a two-dimensional inclinometer 3, a photoelectric composite cable 28 and a communication cable 27, wherein the two-dimensional inclinometer 3 adopts a force balance push-pull structure, the two-dimensional inclinometer 3 divides the internal space into an upper part and a lower part through a middle partition plate 314, an optical fiber device box 34 and a photoelectric conversion circuit 35 are arranged at the bottom layer, and an internal frame 31, an inclined pendulum 33 and a sensitive optical fiber 43 are arranged at the upper layer; the top of the inclined pendulum 33 is fixed at the middle position of the top of the frame through a cross universal shaft 331 and can swing around a point at the top at a fixed point, the bottom pendulum 336 is connected with the frame upright column 313 through a peripheral spring 337, the sensitive optical fibers 43 are uniformly distributed around the inclined pendulum 33 and are connected with the internal frame 31, wherein the sensitive optical fibers 43 form a force balance type push-pull structure through compounding with the inclined pendulum 33 and the internal frame 31; the sensitive optical fibers A-431, B-432, C-433 and D-434 are respectively wound between the inclined pendulum 33 and 2 pairs of fiber winding columns 334 on the inner frame 31 with certain pre-stress, wherein the fiber winding columns 334 on the inner frame 31 can be placed on the frame upright posts 313 or the top of the frame, and are respectively arranged horizontally and vertically corresponding to the sensitive optical fibers 43; the cross universal shaft 331 is fixed at the middle position of the top of the frame through a top plate connecting port 3311, is fixedly connected with the top end of the swing rod 332 through a swing rod mounting hole A3313, and is locked through a jackscrew mounting hole A3314, and the swing rod 332 can swing around a cross rotating shaft 3312 of the cross universal shaft 331 at a fixed point; the fiber winding column mounting seat 333 is positioned below the cross universal shaft 331, is fixedly connected with the middle upper part of the swing rod 332 through a swing rod mounting hole B3331 and is locked through a jackscrew mounting hole B3333, 4 fiber winding column mounting holes 3332 are formed around the fiber winding column mounting seat 333 and are used for mounting fiber winding columns 334, 4 mounting positions are also formed on a frame upright post 313 or the top of the frame corresponding to the fiber winding column mounting seat and are used for mounting the fiber winding columns 334, and the sensitive optical fiber 43 is wound between the paired 2 fiber winding columns 334 under certain prestress; the pendulum 336 is located under the fiber winding post mounting seat 333, is connected and fixed with the bottom end of the pendulum rod 332 through the pendulum rod mounting hole C3361, and is locked through the top wire mounting hole C3362, the pendulum 336 is provided with 4 spring mounting holes 3363 around, 4 spring fixing notches 3134 are also arranged on the frame upright post 313 corresponding to the pendulum 336 in position, the spring 337 is connected between the spring mounting holes 3363 and the spring fixing notches 3134, and is locked through the top wire mounting holes D3364 and E3135, and the position of the spring 337 is consistent with the position of the sensitive optical fiber 43.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the sensing optical path portion of the two-dimensional inclinometer 3 includes couplers a411 and B412, a one-to-two coupler 413, circulators a421 and B422, sensitive optical fibers a431, B432, C433 and D434, mirrors a441, B442, C443 and D444, and phase modulators a451 and B452, light output by the signal acquisition system 2 is connected to an input port of the one-to-two coupler 413 through a photoelectric composite cable 28, and two output ports of the one-to-two coupler 413 are respectively connected to two sensing optical paths; in the first path, one output port of the one-to-two coupler 413 is connected to an input port of the circulator a421, the first output port of the circulator a421 is connected to one input port of the coupler a411, one output port of the coupler a411 is connected to the mirror a441 through the sensitive fiber a431, the other output port is connected to the mirror B442 through the phase modulator a451 and the sensitive fiber B432, and the second output port of the circulator a421 and the other input port of the coupler a411 are respectively connected to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 for signal conversion; the second sensing optical path is similar to the first sensing optical path, and finally, a second output port of the circulator B422 and an input port of the coupler B412 are respectively connected to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 for signal conversion, and interference optical signals of the two sensing optical paths are converted into electrical signals and then transmitted to the acquisition card 24 for acquisition through the photoelectric composite cable 28, and are analyzed and processed by the signal processing system 1.
2. The two-dimensional clinometer 3 comprises an inner frame 31, an outer shell 32, a tilting pendulum 33, an optical fiber device box 34 and a photoelectric conversion circuit 35,
1) the inner frame 31 comprises a frame bottom plate 311, a middle partition plate 314, a frame top plate 312 and frame upright posts 313, and the inner frame 31 is integrally cylindrical, and has an outer diameter of 200mm and a height of 200 mm; the frame bottom plate 311 is in a shape of a circular plate, and includes a bottom plate fixing hole 3111, a threading hole 3112 and a bottom plate upright post fixing hole 3113; the middle partition 314 is in a circular plate shape and comprises a middle partition threading hole 3141, a frame bottom plate fixing hole 3142 and a partition screw hole 3143; for the horizontal installation form of the sensitive optical fiber 43: the frame top plate 312 has a circular plate shape, and includes a column mounting hole 3121 and a universal shaft mounting hole 3122; the frame upright post 313 is a rectangle with an arc surface, two ends of the frame upright post are upright post fixing holes 3131, one side opposite to the arc surface is distributed with a fiber winding post mounting notch 3132 and a spring fixing notch 3134, the fiber winding post mounting notch 3132 comprises a fiber winding post fixing hole 3133, and the spring fixing notch 3134 comprises a jackscrew mounting hole E3135; for the vertical installation form of the sensitive optical fiber 43: the frame top plate 312 is in a circular plate shape and comprises a universal shaft mounting hole 3122, a top plate fiber winding column mounting hole 3123 and a top plate fiber winding column fixing hole 3124, wherein the top plate fiber winding column mounting holes 3123 are positioned around the universal shaft mounting hole 3122 and are uniformly distributed; the frame upright column 313 is a rectangle with an arc surface, two ends of the frame upright column are upright column fixing holes 3131, the middle lower part of one side opposite to the arc surface is a spring fixing notch B3136, and the corresponding position of the side surface is a jackscrew mounting hole F3137;
2) the outer shell 32 comprises a fixed chassis 321 and a protective cover 322 photoelectric composite cable interface B324, the fixed chassis 321 is cylindrical, a groove is dug on the top surface, the cross section is U-shaped, protective cover fixing holes 3211 are distributed on the outer edge of a notch along the circumference, a chassis sealing groove 3212 is arranged on the inner side of each hole, and the outer side surface comprises a photoelectric composite port mounting position 3213; the protective cover 322 is cylindrical, a groove is dug in the bottom surface, the bottom of the outer side surface is of a flange structure, protective cover mounting holes 3221 are circumferentially distributed, and a protective cover sealing groove 3222 is arranged inside each hole;
3) the inclined pendulum 33 comprises a cross universal shaft 331, a swing rod 332, a fiber winding column mounting seat 333, a fiber winding column 334, a fixing bolt 335 pendulum bob 336 and a spring 337, the cross universal shaft 331 is integrally cylindrical and comprises a top plate connecting port 3311, a cross rotating shaft 3312, a swing rod mounting hole A3313 and a top thread mounting hole A3314, and the two end parts can swing around the middle cross rotating shaft 3312 at fixed points; the swing rod 332 is integrally in a cylindrical long rod shape and is used for connecting the cross universal shaft 331, the fiber winding column mounting seat 333 and the pendulum bob 336; the fiber winding column mounting seat 333 is integrally square, fiber winding column mounting holes 3332 are formed in the periphery, and a swing rod mounting hole B3331 and a jackscrew mounting hole B3333 are formed in the middle; the fiber winding column 334 is integrally cylindrical, the axis is provided with a fixing bolt hole 3341, the diameters of two ends of the side surface are larger than the diameter of the middle part, the middle part is provided with densely arranged V-shaped grooves 3342, and the width of the groove opening is slightly larger than the diameter of the sensitive optical fiber 43; the pendulum bob 336 is integrally cylindrical, the middle position of the top is a swing rod mounting hole C3361 and a jackscrew mounting hole C3362, and spring mounting holes 3363 and jackscrew mounting holes D3364 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the side surface close to the upper part; the spring 337 is a spiral spring, has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the spring mounting hole 3363, and is connected between the spring mounting hole 3363 of the pendulum 336 and the spring fixing notch 3134 of the frame post 313;
4) the optical fiber device box 34 includes a light source port 341, a modulation input port 342, an optical signal output port 343, and a detection light port 344, the optical fiber device box 34 is used for placing the optical fiber device and the optical path of the sensing optical path portion, and is connected to the photoelectric composite cable 28, the photoelectric conversion circuit 35, and the sensitive optical fiber 43, wherein the light source port 341 is connected to the optical fiber in the photoelectric composite cable 28, the modulation input port 342 is connected to the modulation output port 353, the optical signal output port 343 is connected to the optical signal input port 354, and the detection light port 344 is connected to the two sensitive optical fibers 43;
5) the optical-electrical conversion circuit 35 includes a power supply port 351, a signal output port 352, a modulation output port 353, and an optical signal input port 354, the optical-electrical conversion circuit 35 is connected to the external optical-electrical composite cable 28 and the optical fiber device box 34, the power supply port 351 is connected to a power supply line in the optical-electrical composite cable 28, the signal output port 352 is connected to a communication line in the optical-electrical composite cable 28, the modulation output port 353 is connected to the modulation input port 342, and the optical signal input port 354 is connected to the optical signal output port 343.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the inclined pendulum directly stretches the sensitive optical fiber, meanwhile, the length of the sensing optical fiber is increased based on a folding and winding mode, and high-sensitivity displacement measurement and inclination angle measurement are realized by utilizing a length accumulation effect; 2) the paired sensitive optical fibers are positioned at two sides of the inclined pendulum, and when the inclined pendulum inclines, the sensitive optical fibers at two sides of the pendulum rod respectively generate stretching and shrinking actions to form a push-pull structure, so that the measurement sensitivity can be doubled; 3) two pairs of sensitive optical fibers simultaneously share one inclined pendulum, and the pendulum rod can swing around the top fixed point, so that two-dimensional inclination angle measurement of one point in space can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a force-balanced push-pull optical fiber two-dimensional tilt measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a force balanced push-pull optical fiber two-dimensional tilt measurement device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional inclinometer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an internal frame;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the intermediate partition;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of a tilt pendulum;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cross cardan shaft;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fiber winding post mount;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a fiber winding column;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the pendulum;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of internal wiring connections;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional tilt measuring device with a sensing fiber vertically disposed;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of an internal frame in which a sensitive optical fiber is vertically placed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
With reference to fig. 1 to 13, the present invention is a force-balanced push-pull optical fiber two-dimensional tilt measuring device, light emitted from a light source 21 sequentially passes through an isolator 22, a photoelectric composite cable 28 and a one-to-two coupler 413, and then respectively enters two sensing optical paths with the same optical path structure: the first path enters the sensitive fibers a431 and B432 through the circulator a421 and the coupler a411, and then is reflected back through the tail end reflectors a441 and B442, interference occurs at the coupler a411, and an interference signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 through one input fiber of the coupler a411 and the second output port of the circulator a 421; the second sensing optical path is similar to the first sensing optical path, and the final interference signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 through one input optical fiber of the coupler B412 and the second output port of the circulator B422; the interference optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit 35, then transmitted to the acquisition card 24 for signal acquisition by the photoelectric composite cable 28, and then demodulated by the signal processing system 1 to obtain the inclination angle signal. In order to improve the sensitivity of the inclination measuring device, the length of the sensing optical fiber is increased in a folding and winding mode, and highly sensitive displacement measurement and inclination angle measurement can be realized due to the length accumulation effect; meanwhile, the sensitive optical fibers are wound around the inclined pendulum, and when the pendulum swings, the sensitive optical fibers on the two sides of the pendulum rod are stretched and contracted respectively to form a push-pull structure, so that the measurement sensitivity is further improved; and two pairs of sensitive optical fibers are distributed around the inclined pendulum to share one inclined pendulum, and a hinge at the top of the oscillating bar adopts a cross cardan shaft structure, so that the oscillating bar can swing around a cross rotating shaft in a horizontal plane at any angle, and the two-dimensional inclination angle measurement of one point in space can be realized.
The embodiment of the invention is given by combining the specific numerical values:
a force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device is shown in figures 2 and 3, an observation system in actual application of an inclinometer is shown in figure 1, and the observation system comprises a signal processing system 1, a signal acquisition system 2, a two-dimensional inclinometer 3, an optical-electrical composite cable 28, a communication cable 27 and peripheral equipment. The parameters and the structural dimensions of each part of the device are as follows:
1) the light source 21 is a laser light source, the central wavelength is 1550nm, the half-spectrum width is less than 20nm, the power is 10mW, and the modulation frequency is not less than 20K;
2) the working wavelength of the isolator 22 is 1550nm, the insertion loss is less than 0.8dB, and the isolation is more than 35 dB;
3) the one-to-two coupler 413 is a 1 × 2 coupler, the operating wavelength is 1550nm, and the splitting ratio is 50: 50; the couplers A411 and B412 are 2 × 2 couplers, the working wavelength is 1550nm, and the splitting ratio is 50: 50;
4) the circulators A421 and B422 have an input port and two output ports, the working wavelength is 1550nm, the isolation is more than 30dB, and the insertion loss is less than 0.8 dB;
5) the sensitive optical fibers A431, B432, C433 and D434 are common single-mode optical fibers, the diameter of the optical fibers is 125 micrometers, the optical fibers are wound in a V-shaped groove of a fiber winding column under certain prestress, the number of the wound optical fibers is 150mm, the number of the wound optical fibers is 50, and each sensitive optical fiber is provided with an input port and an output port;
6) the working wavelength of the reflectors A441, B442, C443 and D444 is 1550nm, and the insertion loss is less than 0.85 dB;
7) the phase modulators A451 and B452 are annular piezoelectric ceramics and nickel electrodes, the outer diameter is 24.5mm, the inner diameter is 22.5mm, and the height is 10 mm;
8) the diameter of the two ends of the fiber winding column 334 is 16mm, the diameter of the middle V-shaped groove is 15mm, and the length is 25 mm;
9) the length of the swing rod 332 is 85mm, the diameter of the swing rod is 12mm, the diameter of the pendulum 336 is 50mm, the height of the pendulum is 45mm, the mass of the pendulum is 600g, the diameter of the spring 337 is 10mm, and the length of the spring 337 is 65 mm;
10) the width of the chassis sealing groove 3212 and the protection cover sealing groove 3222 is 3mm, the depth is 2mm, and the sealing ring is suitable for a circular sealing ring with the diameter of 3 mm;
11) the outer diameter of the protective cover 322 is 230mm, the inner diameter is 220mm, and the inner height is 207 mm;
12) the number of optical fiber cores in the photoelectric composite cable 28 is not less than 2 cores, the number of electric wire cores is not less than 16 cores, and tensile reinforcing ribs are arranged in the electric wire cores.
The working principle of the measuring device is as follows:
light emitted by the light source 21 sequentially passes through the isolator 22, the photoelectric composite cable 28 and the one-to-two coupler 413, and then respectively enters two sensing optical paths with the same optical path structure: the first path enters the sensitive fibers a431 and B432 through the circulator a421 and the coupler a411, and then is reflected back through the tail end reflectors a441 and B442, interference occurs at the coupler a411, and an interference signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 through one input fiber of the coupler a411 and the second output port of the circulator a 421; the second sensing optical path is similar to the first sensing optical path, and the final interference signal is transmitted to the photoelectric conversion circuit 35 through one input optical fiber of the coupler B412 and the second output port of the circulator B422; the interference optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric conversion circuit 35, then transmitted to the acquisition card 24 through the photoelectric composite cable 28 for signal acquisition, and then demodulated by the signal processing system 1; when the measuring device inclines, the inclined pendulum deflects, meanwhile, the sensitive optical fibers around the inclined pendulum can be simultaneously stretched and compressed, two interference arms of a sensing optical path stretch and shorten, interference signals can change in phase, and the signal processing system 1 demodulates the interference optical signals to finally obtain the inclination angle signals of the device.
In summary, the present invention belongs to the field of optical fiber interferometry, and in particular relates to a force-balanced push-pull optical fiber two-dimensional tilt measurement apparatus. The two-dimensional clinometer mainly comprises an internal frame, an external shell, an inclined pendulum, an optical fiber device box and a photoelectric conversion circuit, wherein the inclined pendulum is suspended at the top of the internal frame and can swing around a point at the top in a fixed point manner, four sensitive optical fibers are uniformly distributed around the inclined pendulum, and are compounded with mechanical structural components such as the internal frame and the inclined pendulum, meanwhile, the inclined pendulum and two pairs of fiber winding columns of the internal frame are wound with certain prestress to form a force balance type push-pull structure, and the two pairs of push-pull structures simultaneously share one inclined pendulum. The device has the advantages that the two-dimensional inclination angle measurement of one point in space can be realized, and higher measurement sensitivity can be realized.
Claims (7)
1. A force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device is characterized in that: including signal processing system (1), signal acquisition system (2), two-dimensional clinometer (3), compound cable of photoelectricity (28) and communication cable (27), its characterized in that: the two-dimensional inclinometer (3) adopts a force balance type push-pull structure, the two-dimensional inclinometer (3) divides the internal space into an upper part and a lower part through a middle partition plate (314), an optical fiber device box (34) and a photoelectric conversion circuit (35) are arranged at the bottom layer, and an internal frame (31), an inclined pendulum (33) and a sensitive optical fiber (43) are arranged at the upper layer; the top of the inclined pendulum (33) is fixed at the middle position of the top of the frame through a cross universal shaft (331), the bottom pendulum bob (336) is connected with a frame upright post (313) through a peripheral spring (337), the sensitive optical fibers (43) are uniformly distributed around the inclined pendulum (33) and are connected with the inner frame (31), and the sensitive optical fibers (43) are compounded with the inclined pendulum (33) and the inner frame (31) to form a force balance type push-pull structure; the sensitive optical fibers A, B, C, D (431, 432, 433, 434) are respectively wound between the inclined pendulum (33) and 2 pairs of fiber winding columns (334) on the inner frame (31), the fiber winding columns (334) on the inner frame (31) are placed on the frame upright posts (313) or the top of the frame, and the two schemes are respectively arranged horizontally and vertically corresponding to the sensitive optical fibers (43); the cross universal shaft (331) is fixed at the middle position of the top of the frame through a top plate connecting port (3311), is fixedly connected with the top end of the swing rod (332) through a swing rod mounting hole A (3313), is locked through a jackscrew mounting hole A (3314), and swings the swing rod (332) at a fixed point around a cross rotating shaft (3312) of the cross universal shaft (331); the fiber winding column mounting base (333) is located below the cross universal shaft (331), is fixedly connected with the middle upper portion of the swing rod (332) through a swing rod mounting hole B (3331) and is locked through a jackscrew mounting hole B (3333), 4 fiber winding column mounting holes (3332) are formed in the periphery of the fiber winding column mounting base (333) and are used for mounting fiber winding columns (334), 4 mounting positions are also formed in the frame upright column (313) or the top of the frame corresponding to the fiber winding column mounting base in position and are used for mounting the fiber winding columns (334), and the sensitive optical fibers (43) are wound between the paired 2 fiber winding columns (334); pendulum (336) is located twines fine post mount pad (333) below, be connected fixedly through pendulum rod mounting hole C (3361) and pendulum rod (332) bottom, and lock through jackscrew mounting hole C (3362), pendulum (336) has 4 spring mounting hole (3363) all around, also have 4 spring fixing notch (3134) on the frame stand (313) that correspond with its position, spring (337) are connected between spring mounting hole (3363) and spring fixing notch (3134), and through jackscrew mounting hole D (3364), E (3135) lock, the position of spring (337) is unanimous with the position of sensitive optic fibre (43) simultaneously.
2. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the sensing optical path part of the two-dimensional inclinometer (3) comprises couplers A, B (411, 412), a one-to-two coupler (413), a circulator A, B (421, 422), a sensitive optical fiber A, B, C, D (431, 432, 433, 434), a reflector A, B, C, D (441, 442, 443, 444) and a phase modulator A, B (451, 452), wherein light output by the signal acquisition system (2) is connected to an input port of the one-to-two coupler (413) through an optical-electrical composite cable (28), and two output ports of the one-to-two coupler (413) are respectively connected to two sensing optical paths; in the first path, one output port of a one-to-two coupler (413) is connected to an input port of a circulator A (421), a first output port of the circulator A (421) is connected to one input port of a coupler A (411), one output port of the coupler A (411) is connected to a reflector A (441) through a sensitive optical fiber A (431), the other output port is connected to a reflector B (442) through a phase modulator A (451) and a sensitive optical fiber B (432), and a second output port of the circulator A (421) and the other input port of the coupler A (411) are respectively connected to a photoelectric conversion circuit (35) for signal conversion; the second sensing optical path is similar to the first sensing optical path, a second output port of the circulator B (422) and an input port of the coupler B (412) are respectively connected to the photoelectric conversion circuit (35) for signal conversion, interference optical signals of the two sensing optical paths are converted into electric signals and then are transmitted to the acquisition card (24) for acquisition through the photoelectric composite cable (28), and the electric signals are analyzed and processed by the signal processing system (1).
3. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional inclinometer (3) comprises an internal framework (31), an external shell (32), an inclined pendulum (33), an optical fiber device box (34) and a photoelectric conversion circuit (35), wherein the internal framework (31) comprises a framework bottom plate (311), a middle partition plate (314), a framework top plate (312) and a framework upright post (313), and the internal framework (31) is integrally cylindrical; the frame bottom plate (311) is in a circular plate shape and comprises a bottom plate fixing hole (3111), a threading hole (3112) and a bottom plate upright post fixing hole (3113); the middle partition plate (314) is in a circular plate shape and comprises a middle partition plate threading hole (3141), a frame bottom plate fixing hole (3142) and a partition plate screw hole (3143); for the horizontal installation form of the sensitive optical fiber (43): the frame top plate (312) is in a circular plate shape and comprises an upright post mounting hole (3121) and a universal shaft mounting hole (3122); the frame upright post (313) is a rectangle with an arc surface, two ends of the frame upright post are provided with upright post fixing holes (3131), one surface opposite to the arc surface is distributed with a fiber winding post mounting notch (3132) and a spring fixing notch (3134), the fiber winding post mounting notch (3132) comprises a fiber winding post fixing hole (3133), and the spring fixing notch (3134) comprises a jackscrew mounting hole E (3135); for the vertical installation form of the sensitive optical fiber (43): the frame top plate (312) is in a circular plate shape and comprises a universal shaft mounting hole (3122), a top plate fiber winding column mounting hole (3123) and a top plate fiber winding column fixing hole (3124), wherein the top plate fiber winding column mounting holes (3123) are uniformly distributed around the universal shaft mounting hole (3122); the frame upright post (313) is a rectangle with an arc surface, two ends of the frame upright post are provided with upright post fixing holes (3131), the middle lower part of one surface opposite to the arc surface is provided with a spring fixing notch B (3136), and the corresponding position of the side surface is provided with a jackscrew mounting hole F (3137).
4. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: the outer shell (32) comprises a fixed chassis (321), a protective cover (322) and a photoelectric composite cable interface B (324), the fixed chassis (321) is cylindrical, a groove is dug in the top surface, the section is U-shaped, protective cover fixing holes (3211) are distributed along the circumference outside a notch, a chassis sealing groove (3212) is formed in the inner side of each hole, and the outer side of each hole comprises a photoelectric composite port mounting position (3213); the protective cover (322) is cylindrical, a groove is dug in the bottom surface, the bottom of the outer side surface is of a flange structure, protective cover mounting holes (3221) are circumferentially distributed, and a protective cover sealing groove (3222) is formed in the inner side of each hole.
5. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measurement device according to claim 4, in which: the inclined pendulum (33) comprises a cross universal shaft (331), a pendulum rod (332), a fiber winding column mounting seat (333), a fiber winding column (334), a fixing bolt (335), a pendulum bob (336) and a spring (337), the cross universal shaft (331) is integrally cylindrical and comprises a top plate connecting port (3311), a cross rotating shaft (3312), a pendulum rod mounting hole A (3313) and a top thread mounting hole A (3314), and two end parts can swing around the middle cross rotating shaft (3312) at fixed points; the whole swing rod (332) is in a cylindrical long rod shape and is used for connecting the cross universal shaft (331), the fiber winding column mounting seat (333) and the pendulum bob (336); the fiber winding column mounting seat (333) is integrally square, fiber winding column mounting holes (3332) are formed in the periphery of the fiber winding column mounting seat, and a swing rod mounting hole B (3331) and a jackscrew mounting hole B (3333) are formed in the middle of the fiber winding column mounting seat; the fiber winding column (334) is integrally cylindrical, a fixing bolt hole (3341) is formed in the axis, the diameters of two ends of the side face are larger than those of the middle part, V-shaped grooves (3342) are densely arranged in the middle part, and the width of each groove opening is slightly larger than that of the sensitive optical fiber (43); the pendulum bob (336) is integrally cylindrical, the middle position of the top is a swing rod mounting hole C (3361) and a jackscrew mounting hole C (3362), and spring mounting holes (3363) and jackscrew mounting holes D (3364) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the upper part of the side surface; the spring (337) is a spiral spring, has a diameter slightly smaller than the spring mounting hole (3363), and is connected between the spring mounting hole (3363) of the pendulum (336) and the spring fixing notch (3134) of the frame post (313).
6. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measurement device according to claim 5, wherein: the optical fiber device box (34) comprises an optical source port (341), a modulation input port (342), an optical signal output port (343) and a detection optical port (344), the optical fiber device box (34) is used for placing an optical fiber device and an optical path of a sensing optical path part and is connected with the photoelectric composite cable (28), the photoelectric conversion circuit (35) and the sensitive optical fiber (43), wherein the optical source port (341) is connected with an optical fiber in the photoelectric composite cable (28), the modulation input port (342) is connected with the modulation output port (353), the optical signal output port (343) is connected with the optical signal input port (354), and the detection optical port (344) is connected with the two sensitive optical fibers (43).
7. A force balanced push-pull optical fibre two dimensional tilt measurement device according to claim 6, wherein: the photoelectric conversion circuit (35) comprises a power supply port (351), a signal output port (352), a modulation output port (353) and an optical signal input port (354), the photoelectric conversion circuit (35) is connected with an external photoelectric composite cable (28) and an optical fiber device box (34), the power supply port (351) is connected with a power supply line in the photoelectric composite cable (28), the signal output port (352) is connected with a communication line in the photoelectric composite cable (28), the modulation output port (353) is connected with the modulation input port (342), and the optical signal input port (354) is connected with the optical signal output port (343).
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