CN106441226B - A kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure - Google Patents
A kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35325—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using interferometer with two arms in reflection, e.g. Mickelson interferometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
- G01D5/35329—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using interferometer with two arms in transmission, e.g. Mach-Zender interferometer
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
- G01D5/35383—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using multiple sensor devices using multiplexing techniques
- G01D5/35387—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using multiple sensor devices using multiplexing techniques using wavelength division multiplexing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/02—Details
- G01C9/06—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means
- G01C2009/066—Electric or photoelectric indication or reading means optical
Abstract
Present invention design belongs to fibre optic interferometer fields of measurement, and in particular to arrives a kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure.The device core light path is multiplexing interfering instrument 20, which is packaged in sensing probe 1;20 light path connection relation of multiplexing interfering instrument is the ports a that wide spectrum light source 209 is connected to the second circulator 222, and the ports b of the second circulator 222 are connected to the ports a of first annular device 221;The ports b of first annular device 221 are connected to No. 1 grating 261, are connected to No. 2 detectors 202 by No. 1 grating tail optical fiber 261a later.4 interferometers are multiplexed by the present invention, small, light weight, have saved cost of manufacture, improve level of integrated system.Anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, can adapt to a few Baidu's high temperature.High sensitivity, dynamic range is big, using interference signal phase as measurement standard, can reach ng magnitudes to the frequency domain resolution minimum of acceleration.
Description
Technical field
Present invention design belongs to fibre optic interferometer fields of measurement, and in particular to arrives a kind of survey based on compound interferometer structure
Ramp.
Background technology
Vast territory and abundant resources in China, and energy reserves is abundant, and in the early days of foundation, the resource exploitations such as petroleum gas are relatively easy.But with
The substantial increase of the energy demand of China's oil natural gas, the quantity that earth's surface easily exploits the energy gradually decreases, and how to develop height
Difficulty production technique is at one of the important development strategy in China.The oil exploitation well of early stage is vertical well, because of oil
Reserves are huge, and nearby landforms characteristic is simple for oil storage, after 21 century, since the infrastructure constructions such as road and rail gradually increase,
China starts big inclined shaft occur, horizontal well, the wellbores such as extended reach well, and in the fields such as deep-sea exploitation, angle of inclination constantly changes
Bad hole to hide deep-sea basement rock also gradually steps into practical process.How to ensure the track of wellbore in the process in well-digging
It is identical as estimated track, it is to ensure an important factor for can wellbore reach oil reservoirs, smoothly hide rock stratum obstacle.Commonly
Intelligent drilling system is by downhole drill bit, measuring mechanism and control mechanism composition, wherein measuring mechanism and control mechanism completion pair
The amendment of the test and drill bit posture of well track, and inclinometer is one of building block important in measuring mechanism.
Inclinometer is a kind of measurement object deflection posture, azimuth, the space measurement instrument of rotation angle.China is earliest
Tilt measurement is to position hole angle with single pendulum and compass, and this method is more original, and the small precision of range is low, and measures operation side
Method is complicated, is unsuitable for the oil exploitation application of modernization.With navigation, the development of the technologies such as positioning, external advanced country is already
Stop using weight block and the method for needle to carry out oblique angle measurement, gradual development utilization gyro, the inertial navigations such as accelerometer device into
The device of row positioning deviational survey.The initial stage nineties is that inclinometer develops a swifter and more violent stage, and the SINCO companies in the U.S. use
The 503109000 series of servo motor inclinometers that twin-axis accelerometer and flexible gyroscope make are dedicated for measuring the level of ground
Displacement occupies lion's share in world market.1996, Schlumberger companies of the U.S. utilized ultrasonic wave and servo motor
Mode carry out underground attitude orientation, its corresponding LWD series logging system can be with real-time Transmission effective position data.
China for inclinometer research early stage based on introducing, successively introduced the well-known public affairs such as SST, DOT and MS-3
Take charge of production ripe inclinometer, but due to China's oil contain situation complexity, landform is special, some exclusively for other countries such as
The underground inclination measurement device of Arab countries, Russia etc., design is not particularly suited for China's landform.Therefore, some sections of China
It grinds mechanism to take up in ground, the development work of underwater inclinometer.The 33rd research institute of three institute of China Aerospace Ke Gong groups
The borehole inclinometer based on servo motor and accelerometer was manufactured experimently with hydroscience research institute of Beijing, model CX-01 is used
Number display uses relatively broad at home.But the inclinometer has only used accelerometer, cannot be measured to angle, with
The twisting for solving the problems, such as inclined tube carried out by space flight 702 afterwards increases rotary measurement device, customization model CX- on the basis of CX-01
56 serial inclinometers.It is prototype that more companies domestic later, which are based on apparatus above, has carried out the development work of inclinometer, at present I
The inclination measurement device of state has preliminary progress, and depth is up to 300m, and measurement angle drift is less than 0.005mrad/month.
There are high temperature, the restriction of the conditions such as electromagnetic interference and hydraulic pressure, the therewith increase of well depth, undergrounds for traditional sensor
Or underwater condition becomes increasingly complex, for example the service life of sensor is required more than 5000h, bearing temperature is 120 DEG C, hydraulic pressure
60MPa etc..Fibre optical sensor is as a kind of novel measurement means, high temperature resistant, stability, voltage endurance capability and electromagnetism interference
For ability compared to traditional mechanical gyro, electromagnetic sensor has more obvious advantage, utilizes the inclination measurement device of optical fiber fabrication
It can yet be regarded as a kind of new way solving complicated measuring environment.The country is sent out by the making of optical fiber inclinometer based on optical fibre gyro
Exhibition is got up, and the patent of invention optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer (CN201010173971.8) of Wuhan Ji Shen deviational surveys Co., Ltd Liu Hua proposes
Carry out deviational surveys using two servo motor accelerometers of an optical fibre gyro and X-Y, the device take the lead in introducing optical fibre gyro but
It is still to use servo motor accelerometer, does not completely disengage traditional measurement mode, and X-Y both directions can only be measured.
" a kind of post-processing system of the deviational survey data based on optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer that Beijing Institute of Aeronautics is proposed based on gyro principle
(CN201310031129.4) " optical fibre gyro and accelerometer is also utilized, still detaches fibre optical sensor, not
Realize the design of full-fiber sensor.
Measurement for axial acceleration, Harbin Engineering University Yang Jun, Wu Bing et al. propose a variety of fibre strains, displacement
Measurement scheme.Such as a kind of ultra-short baseline paravariable column body structured optical fiber displacement sensor and fibre strain instrument
(CN201210381978.8), a kind of short-base-line differential laser strain gauge (CN201210381976.9) is a kind of ultrashort
Baseline difference disc type optical fibre displacement sensor and fibre strain instrument (CN201210381977.3) etc., based on the above patent,
A kind of compound interferometer light channel structure is designed herein, by two Mach Zehnder interferometers, a Michelson's interferometer and one
Sagnac interferometer carries out path multiplexing, while measuring tri- directional accelerations of X-Y-Z and rotating horizontally angular speed, very great Cheng
The volume and cost of manufacture that inclinometer is reduced on degree improve the integrated level of system, while utilizing the sensitive of fibre optical sensor
The characteristics such as degree is high, and dynamic range is big provide abundanter data for inclination measurement device, and the program is surveyed on petroleum detection, landslide
Fixed, underwater oil is dug a well, and has vast potential for future development in the fields such as ground heavy duty service.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of inclination measurement devices based on compound interferometer structure.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
The device core light path is multiplexing interfering instrument 20, which is packaged in sensing probe 1;20 light path of multiplexing interfering instrument
Connection relation is that wide spectrum light source 209 is connected to the ports a of the second circulator 222, and the ports b of the second circulator 222 are connected to the
The ports a of one circulator 221;The ports b of first annular device 221 are connected to No. 1 grating 261, pass through No. 1 grating tail optical fiber later
261a is connected to No. 2 detectors 202;The ports c of first annular device 221 are connected to 1 by the ports first annular device c tail optical fiber 221c
Number detector 201;The ports c of second circulator 222 are connected to an input terminal of the first coupler 231, the first coupler 231
Another input terminal be connected to the ports a of third circulator 223;The ports b of third circulator 223 are separately connected with the ports c
To No. 2 gratings 262 and No. 3 detectors 203;Two output ends of the first coupler 231 are respectively connected to fiber optic loop 245 under
Fiber optic loop 246;245 output optical fibre of upper fiber optic loop is wound on phase-modulator 250, is connected to the first wavelength division multiplexer 211, and first
One output end of wavelength division multiplexer 211 is connected to No. 3 gratings 263;It is multiple that the output end of lower fiber optic loop 246 is connected to the second wavelength-division
It is connected to No. 3 gratings 263 with the output end of device 212, the second wavelength division multiplexer 212;The another pair of first wavelength division multiplexer 211
Youngster's input/output terminal is separately connected third fiber optic loop 243 and the 4th fiber optic loop 244, third fiber optic loop 243 and the 4th fiber optic loop 244
Output end simultaneously be connected to the second coupler 232, be connected to No. 7 detectors 207 and No. 8 detectors 208 later;Second wavelength-division
Another pair youngster's input/output terminal of multiplexer 212 is separately connected the first fiber optic loop 241 and the second fiber optic loop 242, the first optical fiber
Ring 241 and the output end of the second fiber optic loop 242 are connected to third coupler 233 simultaneously, are connected to No. 5 detectors 205 and 6 later
Number detector 206.
The sensing probe 1, by sensing head shell 12, mechanical layer 13, optical device layer 14 and photoelectric conversion module layer 15
Composition, 1 output data of sensing probe are connected by data acquisition 11 with computer 10;Sensing probe 1 enters to visit by the way that steel wire 121 is suitable
Well logging is internal, and sensor upper cover 125 is fixed by hexagon socket head cap screw 122 and sensor outer wall 126, and there is air packing 124 in centre;It passes
1 middle section of sense probe is mechanical layer 13, X left direction elastic cylinder 1311, X right direction elastic cylinder 1312, Y front direction elasticity
Cylinder 1313, Y rear directions elastic cylinder 1314 are fixed in the first mass block 131;First fiber optic loop 241 is wound in X left direction
Elastic cylinder 1311, the second fiber optic loop 242 are wound in X right direction elastic cylinder 1312, and third fiber optic loop 243 is wound in front of Y
To elastic cylinder 1313, the 4th fiber optic loop 244 is wound in Y rear directions elastic cylinder 1314;Elastic disc 133 is located at 4 elasticity
Below cylinder, the second mass block 132 is fixed on the centre of elastic disc 133, and upper fiber optic loop 245 is glued respectively with lower fiber optic loop 246
It is affixed on the upper and lower of elastic disc 133;Phase-modulator 250 is fixed at sensor outer wall 126;It is connected to by shielding line s
Photoelectric conversion module layer 15;Optical device layer 14 is located at 13 lower section of mechanical layer;No. 1 grating tail optical fiber 261a is connected to photoelectric conversion module
No. 2 detectors 202 of floor 15;Third circulator b port tail optical fiber 233b are connected to No. 3 detectors of photoelectric conversion module floor 15
203;Second ports coupler c tail optical fiber 232c is connected to No. 7 detectors 207 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;Second ends coupler d
Mouth tail optical fiber 232d is connected to No. 8 detectors 208 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;Third coupler c port tail optical fiber 233c are connected to
No. 5 detectors 205 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;Third coupler d port tail optical fiber 233d are connected to photoelectric conversion module layer 15
No. 6 detectors 206;First wavelength division multiplexer passes through the first ports wavelength division multiplexer b tail optical fiber 211b and the first wavelength division multiplexer d
Port tail optical fiber 211d is connected to the third fiber optic loop 243 and the 4th fiber optic loop 244 of mechanical layer 13;Second wavelength division multiplexer passes through
Two ports wavelength division multiplexer b tail optical fiber 212b and the second ports wavelength division multiplexer d tail optical fiber 212d are connected to the first light of mechanical layer 13
Fine ring 241 and the second fiber optic loop 242.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) 4 interferometers are multiplexed, small, light weight, have saved cost of manufacture, improve level of integrated system.
(2) anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, can adapt to a few Baidu's high temperature.
(3) high sensitivity, dynamic range is big, using interference signal phase as measurement standard, to the frequency domain point of acceleration
Resolution minimum can reach ng magnitudes.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of inclination measurement device structure chart based on compound interferometer structure;
Fig. 2 is mechanical layer sectional view;
Fig. 3 is elastic cylinder vertical view;
Fig. 4 is optical device layer connection figure;
Fig. 5 is light path principle figure;
Fig. 6 is angle measurement figure.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
1. a kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure, which is multiplexing interfering instrument 20, the light
Road is packaged in sensing probe 1;20 light path connection relation of multiplexing interfering instrument is that wide spectrum light source 209 is connected to the second circulator 222
The ports a, the ports b of the second circulator 222 are connected to the ports a of first annular device 221;The ports b of first annular device 221 connect
It is connected to No. 1 grating 261, No. 2 detectors 202 are connected to by No. 1 grating tail optical fiber 261a later;The ports c of first annular device 221
It is connected to No. 1 detector 201 by the ports first annular device c tail optical fiber 221c;The ports c of second circulator 222 are connected to first
Another input terminal of one input terminal of coupler 231, the first coupler 231 is connected to the ports a of third circulator 223;
The ports b of third circulator 223 are respectively connected to No. 2 gratings 262 and No. 3 detectors 203 with the ports c;First coupler 231
Two output ends are respectively connected to fiber optic loop 245 and lower fiber optic loop 246;245 output optical fibre of upper fiber optic loop is wound on phase-modulation
On device 250, it is connected to the first wavelength division multiplexer 211, an output end of the first wavelength division multiplexer 211 is connected to No. 3 gratings
263;The output end of lower fiber optic loop 246 is connected to the second wavelength division multiplexer 212, the output end connection of the second wavelength division multiplexer 212
To No. 3 gratings 263;Another pair youngster's input/output terminal of first wavelength division multiplexer 211 is separately connected third fiber optic loop 243 and
The output end of four fiber optic loops 244, third fiber optic loop 243 and the 4th fiber optic loop 244 is connected to the second coupler 232 simultaneously, later
It is connected to No. 7 detectors 207 and No. 8 detectors 208;Another pair youngster's input/output terminal of second wavelength division multiplexer 212 is distinguished
The first fiber optic loop 241 and the second fiber optic loop 242 are connected, the first fiber optic loop 241 is connect simultaneously with the output end of the second fiber optic loop 242
To third coupler 233, it is connected to No. 5 detectors 205 and No. 6 detectors 206 later.
Sensing probe 1 described in 2., mainly by sensing head shell 12, mechanical layer 13, optical device layer 14 and opto-electronic conversion mould
Block layer 15 forms, and 1 output data of sensing probe is connected by data acquisition 11 with computer 10;Sensing probe 1 passes through steel wire 121
Along entering inside detecting shaft, sensor upper cover 125 is fixed by hexagon socket head cap screw 122 and sensor outer wall 126, and there is air packing in centre
124;1 middle section of sensing probe is mechanical layer 13, X left direction elastic cylinder 1311, X right direction elastic cylinder 1312, the fronts Y
To elastic cylinder 1313, Y rear directions elastic cylinder 1314 is fixed in the first mass block 131;First fiber optic loop 241 is wound in X
Left direction elastic cylinder 1311, the second fiber optic loop 242 are wound in X right direction elastic cylinder 1312, and third fiber optic loop 243 is wound in
Y front directions elastic cylinder 1313, the 4th fiber optic loop 244 is wound in Y rear directions elastic cylinder 1314;Elastic disc 133 is located at 4
Below elastic cylinder, the second mass block 132 is fixed on the centre of elastic disc 133, and upper fiber optic loop 245 is divided with lower fiber optic loop 246
It is not pasted on the upper and lower of elastic disc 133;Phase-modulator 250 is fixed at sensor outer wall 126;Connected by shielding line s
It is connected to photoelectric conversion module layer 15;Optical device layer 14 is located at 13 lower section of mechanical layer;No. 1 grating tail optical fiber 261a is connected to opto-electronic conversion
No. 2 detectors 202 of module layer 15;Third circulator b port tail optical fiber 233b are connected to No. 3 detections of photoelectric conversion module floor 15
Device 203;Second ports coupler c tail optical fiber 232c is connected to No. 7 detectors 207 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;Second coupler d
Port tail optical fiber 232d is connected to No. 8 detectors 208 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;The tail optical fiber 233c connections of the ports third coupler c
To No. 5 detectors 205 of photoelectric conversion module floor 15;Third coupler d port tail optical fiber 233d are connected to photoelectric conversion module layer
15 No. 6 detectors 206;First wavelength division multiplexer passes through the first ports wavelength division multiplexer b tail optical fiber 211b and the first wavelength-division multiplex
The ports device d tail optical fiber 211d is connected to the third fiber optic loop 243 and the 4th fiber optic loop 244 of mechanical layer 13;Second wavelength division multiplexer is logical
Cross the second ports wavelength division multiplexer b tail optical fiber 212b and the second ports wavelength division multiplexer d tail optical fiber 212d is connected to mechanical layer 13
One fiber optic loop 241 and the second fiber optic loop 242.
Path multiplexing structure:
Azimuth and apex angle of the present apparatus for measuring probe present position, three axis direction acceleration, measuring principle figure is such as
Shown in Fig. 5.Its working method is as follows:
Wide spectrum light source 209 is injected light by the second circulator 222 in compound interferometer 20, and the compound interferometer is shared
2 Mach Zehnder interferometers, 1 Michelson's interferometer and 1 sagnac interferometer are combined.
Sagnac interferometer light path is:Upper fiber optic loop 245 is passed through in the output of first coupler, 231 1 tunnel, and the first wavelength-division is multiple
With device 211 the first coupler is connected to by lower fiber optic loop 246 by No. 3 gratings 263 by the second wavelength division multiplexer 212
231;Finally output interference signal reaches No. 1 detector 201 by first annular device 221 respectively, and third is passed through in another way output
223 to No. 3 detectors of circulator 203.
Michelson's interferometer light path is:Upper fiber optic loop 245 is passed through in the output of first coupler, 231 1 tunnel, and the first wavelength-division is multiple
With 211 to No. 3 gratings 263, meets the light of conditioned reflex by backtracking to the first coupler 231, constitute Michelson interference
One arm of instrument;Lower fiber optic loop 246, the second wavelength-division multiplex 212, until No. 3 gratings are passed through in the output of first coupler, 231 another way
263, meet the light of conditioned reflex by backtracking to the first coupler 231, constitutes another arm of Michelson's interferometer.Most
Output interference signal reaches No. 2 detectors 202 by first annular device 221 afterwards.
First Mach Zehnder interferometer light path is:Upper fiber optic loop 245, first wave are passed through in the output of first coupler, 231 1 tunnel
Divide multiplexing 211,244 to the second coupler 232 of the 4th fiber optic loop constitutes an arm of Mach Zehnder interferometer;First coupler 231
Lower fiber optic loop 246, the second grating 263 of wavelength division multiplexer 212,3, the first wavelength-division multiplex 211, third light are passed through in another way output
243 to the second coupler 232 of fine ring, constitutes another arm of Mach Zehnder interferometer;Two-beam occurs in the second coupler 232
Interference, is exported by No. 7 detectors 207 and No. 8 detectors 208.
Second Mach Zehnder interferometer light path is:Lower fiber optic loop 246, the second wave are passed through in the output of first coupler, 231 1 tunnel
Multiplexing 212, the second fiber optic loop 242 to third coupler 233 is divided to constitute an arm of the second Mach Zehnder interferometer;First coupling
231 1 tunnel of device, which exports, passes through upper fiber optic loop 245, the first grating 263 of wavelength-division multiplex 211,3, the second wavelength division multiplexer 212, the
One fiber optic loop 241 constitutes another arm of the second Mach Zehnder interferometer to third coupler 233;Two-beam is in third coupler
It interferes in 233, is exported by No. 5 detectors 205 and No. 6 detectors 206.
Acceleration analysis principle:
The present apparatus carries out acceleration analysis using 2 Mach Zehnder interferometers and 1 Michelson's interferometer.It measures former
Reason is that two arms of interferometer are wrapped on the opposite elastic cylinder in change direction both ends, which is by outer masterpiece
With it is rear it is corresponding stretch out or to contract, the amount of elastic deformation of this stretching and contraction can be passed to be wrapped at this time
In fiber optic loop above;Two pickup arms of Michelson's interferometer/Mach Zehnder interferometer are applied with the work of power at this time
With being modulated to Michelson's interferometer using phase-modulator, can obtain interference light output signal type is:
Wherein I1I2Respectively two beam interferometer light light intensity, A are the DC component of light intensity after interference, and B is the friendship of light intensity after interference
Flow component,For interferometric phase changing value, which is represented by:
WhereinRespectively interfere initial phase, phase change caused by acceleration, modulated signal is drawn
The phase change risen.Modulated signal variable quantityIt is related with modulation of source frequency ν.
Wherein n is optical fibre refractivity, and l is two-arm arm length difference, and c is the light velocity, if modulation electric current at this time is i=i0cosω0t
Then the variation of corresponding light source frequency is ν=Δ ν cos ω0T, can obtain phase changing capacity by formula (2-3) is:
Wherein C is modulation depth, is one and fibre optic interferometer and the relevant Fixed constant of phase modulation wave parameter, if not examining
Consider interference initial phase, formula (2-1) can abbreviation be:
Phase known at this timeFor phase change caused by acceleration, using phase demodulation algorithm to phase solution, i.e.,
It can obtain the situation of change of the corresponding arm length difference l of phase change.
Rotary speed measuring principle:
The present apparatus completes the measurement to rotary speed using sagnac interferometer.Two of Sagnac interference signal light
Component light path of passing by is identical.If spread speed is c/n to light in a fiber, wherein c is the light velocity in vacuum, and n reflects for optical fiber
Rate.When the rotation that angular speed is ω occurs for entire ring, it is to acting in accordance with the inverse actual speed of two-beam
C in formulaaWith cbRespectively the two-beam actual speed Jing Guo light path, R are that outer collarette radius is big counterclockwise clockwise
Small, two-beam is in the peripheral fiber optic loop detour time at this time:
The time of corresponding up time light path difference counterclockwise is respectively with light path:
A is peripheral fiber optic loop area in formula, and optical path difference is converted to phase difference:
At this time as can be seen that periphery fiber optic loop rotary speed ω is related with ring size, it is known that peripheral fiber optic loop area
Afterwards, the measurement of its rotary speed can be exchanged into and sagnac interferometer phase of output signal is changedMeasurement.
Apex angle and azimuthal angle calculation:
As shown in fig. 6, setting the inclination measurement device reset condition as coordinate system OXYZ, when the certain rotation of its generation, it is transformed to sit
After mark system oxyz, original coordinates and the relationship of changing coordinates, postrotational vertex angle theta and horizontal azimuth can be obtainedIn the presence of such as
Lower relationship:
Oz axis is rotated into vertex angle theta around oy axis, then by ox axis around oz axis rotational orientation anglesIt can be obtained original coordinates
OXYZ, the direction cosine matrix by apex angle rotation and the postrotational transformation in azimuth is M
At this time if it is G that accelerometer, which exports three direction signals,x, Gy, GzThen there is following relationship:
Wherein g0Normal acceleration of gravity when being disposed vertically for inclinometer.Equation (2-14) and (2-15) simultaneous can be asked
:
Then exported according to accelerometer as a result, apex angle size θ can be acquired, for its azimuthSolution, although above formula
Have as a result, still can directly be exported using gyro as a result, the time of angular velocity, which does integral, acquires azimuth
For clearly demonstrate it is a kind of and meanwhile vertically seismic wave with rotation seismic wave fibre-optical sensing device, in conjunction with the embodiments and
The invention will be further described for attached drawing, but should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
Shown in sensor device such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, sensing is selected as follows with parameter using device:
(1) the centre wavelength 1550nm of wide spectrum light source 209, half spectral width are more than 45nm, and fiber power is 1mW~10mW;
(2) No. 1 263 centre wavelengths of grating of grating 262,3 of grating 261,2 are 1550nm, phase shift point bandwidth<
100MHz, reflectivity>99.5%, tail optical fiber connector is FC/APC;Centre wavelength is 1550nm, +/- 0.3, the 3dB bands of wavelength table deviation
Wide 0.1~1nm, grid region length are 1~20mm, and stretching resistance is more than 100kpsi;
(3) first annular device 221, the second circulator 222,223 centre wavelength of third circulator are 1550nm, insertion loss
Less than 1dB, per channel minimum isolation 40dB, maximum of crosstalk 50dB, polarization mode dispersion 0.1ps, structure is three ports, specified
Power 500mW;
(4) first couplers 231, the second coupler 232,233 operation wavelength 1550nm&1310nm of third coupler, point
For light than 50.5%/49.5%, two-way insertion loss is respectively 3.03dB, 3.12dB;
(5) first wavelength division multiplexers 211,212 channel wavelength of the second wavelength division multiplexer are that ITU 100GHz Grid (are about
0.8nm or so), centre wavelength accuracy ± 0.05nm, minimum channel interval 100GHz~(0.8nm), insertion loss IL (<
6.0dB), channel Insertion Loss uniformity (<2.0dB), temperature susceplibility loss (<0.003dB/ DEG C), wavelength shift and temperature (<
0.002nm/ DEG C), storage temperature (- 40~+85 DEG C), operating temperature (0~+70 DEG C), injecting power (<300mW), pay attention to using
The wavelength division multiplexer selects two channels of lie farthest away, such as 32 road DWDM to select the 1st channel and the 32nd channel;
(6) first fiber optic loops 241, the second fiber optic loop 242, third fiber optic loop 243, the 4th fiber optic loop 244, upper fiber optic loop
245,246 operation wavelength 1550nm of lower fiber optic loop, ring crosstalk<- 18dB, ring decaying<1dB/km, ring 13~250mm of internal diameter, outside ring
30~260mm of diameter, 80~3000m of fiber lengths, every layer of 8~250 circle of the number of turns;It chooses fiber optic loop length and ensures interferometer arm length difference
Relationship, according to interference length calculation formula l=λ2/ Δ λ, it can be deduced that the arm length difference of two Mach Zehnder interferometers should be less than
3mm, Michelson's interferometer arm length difference is less than 3m, so wherein the first fiber optic loop 241, the second fiber optic loop 242, upper fiber optic loop
245 are less than 3mm with the interferometer arm length difference that lower fiber optic loop 246 is constituted;Third fiber optic loop 243, the 4th fiber optic loop 244, upper optical fiber
Ring 245 is less than 3mm with the interferometer arm length difference that lower fiber optic loop 246 is constituted;No. 3 gratings 263 are in upper fiber optic loop 245 and lower optical fiber
246 centre position of ring ensures that two-arm arm length difference is less than 3m up and down;
(7) first mass blocks 131, the second mass block 132 are square, cylinder or hypophysis weight, and quality is in 1~20g
Between, material is aluminium alloy, aluminium or steel material, and Mass Distribution is uniform, internal zero defect, and pothole etc. ensures its thermal expansion
Coefficient is less than 0.9 × 10-10/℃;
(8) elastic disc 135 is copper, aluminium or alloy disks, and thickness is in 0.5~3mm, and flexibility is good, and Mass Distribution is uniform,
Its material finally should be able to well conduct stress variation.Internal diameter is 10~50mm, and outer diameter is 100~500mm.
(9) phase-modulator 250 is cylindrical piezoelectric ceramic ring, and resonant frequency 2000Hz, resonant resistance is less than 200 Europe
Nurse, capacitance be 50nF ± 30%, 0.5~2mm of ring thickness, ring 10~300mm of height, ring 10~60mm of outer diameter, optical fiber twine in
It is bonded on piezoelectric ceramic ring and with potent glue.
(10) X left direction elastic cylinder 1311, X right direction elastic cylinder 1312, Y front directions elastic cylinder 1313, after Y
Direction elastic cylinder 1314 is elastic material, and length is between 5-30mm, and outer diameter size is between 5-10mm.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure, it is characterised in that:The device core light path is compound interferometer
(20), which is packaged in sensing probe (1);Compound interferometer (20) light path connection relation connects for wide spectrum light source (209)
To the ports a of the second circulator (222), the ports b of the second circulator (222) are connected to the ports a of first annular device (221);
The ports b of first annular device (221) are connected to No. 1 grating (261), are connected to No. 2 spies by No. 1 grating tail optical fiber (261a) later
Survey device (202);The ports c of first annular device (221) are connected to No. 1 detector by the ports first annular device c tail optical fiber (221c)
(201);The ports c of second circulator (222) are connected to an input terminal of the first coupler (231), the first coupler (231)
Another input terminal be connected to the ports a of third circulator (223);Distinguish with the ports c the ports b of third circulator (223)
It is connected to No. 2 gratings (262) and No. 3 detectors (203);Two output ends of the first coupler (231) are respectively connected to glazing
Fine ring (245) and lower fiber optic loop (246);Upper fiber optic loop (245) output optical fibre is wound on phase-modulator (250), is connected to
One output end of one wavelength division multiplexer (211), the first wavelength division multiplexer (211) is connected to No. 3 gratings (263);Lower fiber optic loop
(246) output end is connected to the second wavelength division multiplexer (212), and the output end of the second wavelength division multiplexer (212) is connected to No. 3 light
Grid (263);Another pair youngster's input/output terminal of first wavelength division multiplexer (211) is separately connected third fiber optic loop (243) and the
Four fiber optic loops (244), third fiber optic loop (243) and the output end of the 4th fiber optic loop (244) are connected to the second coupler simultaneously
(232), it is connected to No. 7 detectors (207) and No. 8 detectors (208) later;The another pair of second wavelength division multiplexer (212)
Youngster's input/output terminal is separately connected the first fiber optic loop (241) and the second fiber optic loop (242), the first fiber optic loop (241) and the second light
The output end of fine ring (242) is connected to third coupler (233) simultaneously, is connected to No. 5 detectors (205) and No. 6 detections later
Device (206);
Wide spectrum light source (209) is injected light by the second circulator (222) in compound interferometer (20), and the compound interferometer is total
There are 2 Mach Zehnder interferometers, 1 Michelson's interferometer and 1 sagnac interferometer to be combined;
Sagnac interferometer light path is:First coupler (231) is exported all the way by upper fiber optic loop (245), and the first wavelength-division is multiple
With device (211) is connected to by lower fiber optic loop (246) by No. 3 gratings (263) by the second wavelength division multiplexer (212)
One coupler (231);Finally output interference signal passes through first annular device (221) No. 1 detector (201) of arrival respectively, another
Road output is by third circulator (223) to No. 3 detectors (203);
Michelson's interferometer light path is:First coupler (231) is exported all the way by upper fiber optic loop (245), and the first wavelength-division is multiple
With device (211) to No. 3 gratings (263), meets the light of conditioned reflex by backtracking to the first coupler (231), constitute mikey
One arm of your inferior interferometer;The output of first coupler (231) another way is by lower fiber optic loop (246), the second wavelength-division multiplex
(212), until No. 3 gratings (263), meet the light of conditioned reflex by backtracking to the first coupler (231), constitute Michelson
Another arm of interferometer;Finally output interference signal reaches No. 2 detectors (202) by first annular device (221);
First Mach Zehnder interferometer light path is:First coupler (231) is exported all the way by upper fiber optic loop (245), first wave
Multiplexing (211), the 4th fiber optic loop (244) to the second coupler (232) is divided to constitute an arm of Mach Zehnder interferometer;First coupling
The output of clutch (231) another way is by lower fiber optic loop (246), the second wavelength division multiplexer (212), No. 3 gratings (263), first wave
Multiplexing (211), third fiber optic loop (243) to the second coupler (232) is divided to constitute another arm of Mach Zehnder interferometer;Two beams
Light interferes in the second coupler (232), is exported by No. 7 detectors (207) and No. 8 detectors (208);
Second Mach Zehnder interferometer light path is:First coupler (231) is exported all the way by lower fiber optic loop (246), the second wave
Multiplexing (212), the second fiber optic loop (242) to third coupler (233) is divided to constitute an arm of the second Mach Zehnder interferometer;The
One coupler (231) is exported all the way by upper fiber optic loop (245), the first wavelength-division multiplex (211), No. 3 gratings (263), the second wave
Division multiplexer (212), the first fiber optic loop (241) to third coupler (233) constitute the another of the second Mach Zehnder interferometer
Arm;Two-beam interferes in third coupler (233), is exported by No. 5 detectors (205) and No. 6 detectors (206).
2. a kind of inclination measurement device based on compound interferometer structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The biography
Sense probe (1), by sensing head shell (12), mechanical layer (13), optical device layer (14) is formed with photoelectric conversion module layer (15), is passed
Sense probe (1) output data is connected by data acquisition (11) with computer (10);Sensing probe (1) is suitable by steel wire (121)
Enter inside detecting shaft, sensor upper cover (125) is fixed by hexagon socket head cap screw (122) and sensor outer wall (126), and there is gas in centre
Gasket (124);Sensing probe (1) middle section is mechanical layer (13), X left direction elastic cylinder (1311), X right direction elastics
Body (1312), Y front directions elastic cylinder (1313), Y rear directions elastic cylinder (1314) are fixed in the first mass block (131);
First fiber optic loop (241) is wound in X left direction elastic cylinder (1311), and the second fiber optic loop (242) is wound in X right direction elastics
Body (1312), third fiber optic loop (243) is wound in Y front directions elastic cylinder (1313), after the 4th fiber optic loop (244) is wound in Y
Direction elastic cylinder (1314);Elastic disc (133) is located at below 4 elastic cylinders, and the second mass block (132) is fixed on elasticity
The centre of disc (133), upper fiber optic loop (245) are pasted on the upper and lower of elastic disc (133) with lower fiber optic loop (246) respectively;
Phase-modulator (250) is fixed at sensor outer wall (126);It is connected to photoelectric conversion module layer (15) by shielding line (s);
Optical device layer (14) is located at below mechanical layer (13);No. 1 grating tail optical fiber (261a) is connected to No. 2 of photoelectric conversion module floor (15)
Detector (202);Third circulator b port tail optical fibers (233b) are connected to No. 3 detectors of photoelectric conversion module floor (15)
(203);Second ports coupler c tail optical fiber (232c) is connected to No. 7 detectors (207) of photoelectric conversion module floor (15);Second
The ports coupler d tail optical fiber (232d) is connected to No. 8 detectors (208) of photoelectric conversion module floor (15);The ports third coupler c
Tail optical fiber (233c) is connected to No. 5 detectors (205) of photoelectric conversion module floor (15);Third coupler d port tail optical fibers (233d)
It is connected to No. 6 detectors (206) of photoelectric conversion module floor (15);First wavelength division multiplexer passes through the first ends wavelength division multiplexer b
Mouth tail optical fiber (211b) is connected to the third fiber optic loop (243) of mechanical layer (13) with the first ports wavelength division multiplexer d tail optical fiber (211d)
With the 4th fiber optic loop (244);Second wavelength division multiplexer is multiple by the second ports wavelength division multiplexer b tail optical fiber (212b) and the second wavelength-division
The first fiber optic loop (241) and the second fiber optic loop (242) of mechanical layer (13) are connected to the ports device d tail optical fiber (212d).
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CN110967048B (en) * | 2019-12-28 | 2021-11-05 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Orthogonal inclined three-core fiber grating parallel integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer |
CN111308547B (en) * | 2020-03-21 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Six-dimensional seismic wave measuring device based on composite interferometer |
CN112902921B (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Force balance push-pull type optical fiber two-dimensional inclination measuring device |
CN112799175B (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-02 | 国开启科量子技术(北京)有限公司 | Optical fiber interference device and quantum communication equipment |
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