CN112897818A - Purification system and method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in water body - Google Patents
Purification system and method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in water body Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
- C02F2201/46135—Voltage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4619—Supplying gas to the electrolyte
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1278—Provisions for mixing or aeration of the mixed liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a purification system and a purification method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body, and belongs to the field of environmental purification. It includes a purification system that can control endogenous phosphorus release in the water, its characterized in that: comprises a cathode suspended in overlying water, an anode in contact with bottom mud, an oxygen supply device and an electric energy collecting and storing device; the oxygen supply device comprises a passivator which is close to the anode and is positioned above the bottom mud, and the passivator is a porous mineral material capable of slowly releasing oxygen supply; the porous mineral material is an oxygen-modified porous mineral material; micro-and nano-scale oxygen-containing bubbles can be provided into the overlying water. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design and easy manufacture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a purification system and a purification method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body.
Background
The problem of water pollution is serious in China. China also increases the treatment strength on water bodies, but most of the water bodies are repaired by means of external source control. The method has the advantages that the effect is quick, but the effective continuous control effect cannot be formed, so that the damaged water body, especially the black and odorous water body cannot be thoroughly repaired by only using an exogenous control method. The black and odorous water body not only brings extremely poor sensory experience to the masses, but also is an outstanding water environment problem directly influencing production and life, and a control target is provided in the existing action plan for preventing and treating water pollution, especially for the treatment of the black and odorous water body. The black and odorous water body has the following characteristics: the content of dissolved oxygen is low, and is generally below 1 mg/L; the content of organic matters, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water body is high; the serious pollution content of organic matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metals in the bottom mud is very high. Due to the low content of dissolved oxygen, a lot of metal sulfides and hydrogen sulfide are formed in the water body, so that the water body becomes black and smelly.
Along with the continuous and deep research, the sediment microbial fuel cell has been applied to the remediation of water body pollution, for example, in the chinese patent application No. 201911147719.7, a device and a method for jointly degrading organic matters in water body sediment by using scrap iron and the sediment microbial fuel cell are disclosed. The method adopts carbon fiber brushes as the anode and cathode of the sediment microbial fuel cell, the polluted bottom mud is put into a device, scrap iron is added, and then water is added, and the rotating center shaft of the submersible motor is connected with the anode of the carbon fiber brushes. After the device runs for 120 days, the organic matter removal rate reaches more than 80.6 percent, which is nearly 3 times of natural degradation. It still has the following problems: 1. only has a certain removing effect on organic matters in the water body, can not remove nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and especially can not solve the problem of the release of phosphorus in the bottom mud to the overlying water; 2. oxygenation is carried out by an external aeration mode, so that disturbance is caused to overlying water, pollutants in polluted bottom mud are released, particularly phosphorus at a bottom mud-water interface is greatly diffused and released, and the impact of a water body environment is caused; 3. scrap iron is required to be added to improve the removal rate of organic matters, so that the risk of secondary pollution is great; scrap iron is not added, and the organic matter removal capability is very limited; 4. only has the improvement effect on the water body, can not improve the bottom mud, and has no root cause.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body, so as to replace the conventional aeration device with a porous mineral material capable of providing oxygen in a slow-release manner; disturbance to the overlying water can be minimized, and impact on a water body caused by release of substrate pollutants is avoided to the maximum extent;
the invention also provides a purification method capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body, which couples a porous mineral material capable of slowly releasing oxygen supply with a microbial fuel cell, degrades the content of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in bottom mud, generates electric energy and collects and recycles the electric energy.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a purification system capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body comprises a cathode suspended in overlying water, an anode in contact with bottom mud, an oxygen supply device and an electric energy collection and storage device;
the oxygen supply device comprises a passivator which is close to the anode and is positioned above the bottom mud, and the passivator is a porous mineral material capable of slowly releasing oxygen supply;
the porous mineral material is an oxygen-modified porous mineral material; micro-nano-scale oxygen-containing bubbles (hereinafter abbreviated as MNBs) can be provided to the overlying water.
It needs to be further explained that, in the invention, anaerobic microorganisms around the anode are used for decomposing organic matters and generating electrons (electron donors), the anode material active carbon fiber felt is used as an intermediate electron acceptor, the electrons are connected to the cathode through a lead, and the cathode uses oxygen in overlying water as a final electron acceptor, thereby achieving the purpose of degrading the bottom mud and the organic matters in water; and it should be noted that, for the black and odorous water body, the oxygen increasing effect of the passivating agent on the overlying water is most obvious.
In addition, the oxygen supply material is creatively used for replacing the traditional aeration device to promote the dissolved oxygen in the water body, and the invention has the following advantages: 1. the material can release oxygen-containing bubbles into the water body, and hardly generates large fluctuation to the water body, so that the problem of pollutant impact caused by floating of bottom mud due to water body disturbance is avoided; 2. the material can realize the slow release effect of oxygen, and the oxygen supply device can maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the overlying water to be 4-5mg within a period of 30-45 d; 3. the porous mineral material can provide bubbles in two forms of bulk phase and interface, oxygen oxide phase MNBs are released and dispersed into an overlying water body to enrich oxygen in the overlying water body, one part of oxygen interface MNBs can stably exist in the overlying water body and enable the overlying water body to maintain a certain oxidizing environment, and the other part of oxygen interface MNBs is fixed into a covering layer formed by a passivating agent to enrich oxygen in bottom sediment and a bottom sediment-water interface. In addition, the passivating agent can isolate the reducing pollutants in the bottom mud under a covering layer formed by the passivating agent, so that DO in the covering water is not consumed any more, and the water treatment effect is prevented from being influenced by competition of dissolved oxygen generated by the cathode.
Further, the porous mineral material modified with oxygen may be at least one selected from montmorillonite modified with oxygen and attapulgite.
Further, the cathode and the anode are both carbon-containing materials.
The inventor finds in research that the carbonaceous material is substantially very suitable as an attachment, growth and propagation carrier for aerobic bacteria, but cannot survive due to the extreme lack of dissolved oxygen in the bottom sludge, while the present invention utilizes a porous material capable of providing bubbles in both bulk phase and interface forms, and is capable of propagating aerobic bacteria having the ability to decompose the bottom sludge in an anaerobic state, thereby decomposing part of the bottom sludge; by constructing such a structure, aerobic bacteria growing in water can be captured and proliferated in the surface of the anode carbon material, the proliferated aerobic bacteria are moved into the bottom sludge, the bottom sludge is decomposed, the bottom sludge is inorganized, and the bottom sludge is effectively decomposed without destroying an ecosystem, so that the bottom sludge is reformed.
Further, the oxygen supply material also comprises a fixing device for fixing the passivating agent; the porous mineral material modified by oxygen is lanthanum-aluminum attapulgite clay modified by oxygen.
It should be further noted that, compared with the common attapulgite, the attapulgite modified by lanthanum and aluminum in the invention can generate more oxygen interface MNBs (which are actually nano-scale bubbles), one part of the nano-scale bubbles can oxygenate the bottom mud, and the other part of the nano-scale bubbles can stably exist in the overlying water body, so that the overlying water can maintain a certain oxidizing environment; the stabilization time of the dissolved oxygen in the overlying water within a certain concentration range can be further prolonged. And only for the micron-sized bubbles, the rising rate of the micron-sized bubbles in water is 5.56mm/s, which means that the retention time of the micron-sized bubbles in a water body with the height of 1m is as long as 180s, so that the slow rising rate and the longer retention time of the micron-sized bubbles in the water body enable oxygen MBs to have extremely high mass transfer efficiency of overlying water oxygen, improve the mass transfer limit of the microbial fuel cell, and improve the mass transfer rate;
furthermore, the attapulgite modified by lanthanum and aluminum provided by the invention has excellent phosphorus adsorption capacity.
Further, the passivating agent covers the bottom sediment and needs to surround the anode, and the thickness of the passivating agent covering the bottom sediment is not less than 3 cm; the maximum distance between the passivator and the anode is not higher than 10 cm; preferably, the maximum distance between the passivating agent and the anode is not higher than 4 cm.
Further, the passivating agent covers the bottom mud and needs to be in contact with the anode; the initial thickness of the passivating agent covering the bottom mud is not less than 3 cm; and according to the area calculation of the sediment to be treated, the ratio of the initial area of the passivating agent covered above the initial sediment to the area of the sediment to be treated is not lower than 0.1.
Further, the vertical distance between the cathode and the anode is not higher than 2 m.
Further, the material of the anode can be any one selected from graphite flakes, carbon fibers, carbon nanomaterial modified graphite felt, carbon cloth, carbon paper, reticulated vitreous carbon, carbon foam and graphite; the cathode material can be any one selected from carbon fiber, graphite, platinum-loaded carbon paper and platinum-loaded titanium mesh.
Further, the power supply also comprises a power switch and an external resistor; the cathode is connected with the anode through a lead, and an external resistor and a power switch are connected in series in the middle.
Further, the device also comprises a voltage monitoring device, and the voltage monitoring device is connected with the external resistor and the power supply in parallel.
Furthermore, the number of the cathodes is several, and the distance between any two adjacent anodes is 50-60 cm; correspondingly, there are the same number of anodes.
Further, the water to be purified is
(1) Ambient water present in rivers, canals, ponds, lakes and marshes, bays, lakes and ocean; and/or
(2) Industrial wastewater discharged from factories and the like; and/or
(3) Domestic wastewater containing human or livestock excreta; and/or
(4) Black and odorous water.
A purification method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body utilizes a porous mineral material capable of carrying out oxygen slow release and a sediment microbial fuel cell to jointly control the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body.
Further, the purification method capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body comprises the following steps:
1) the device capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is arranged in the water body to be treated and the bottom mud;
2) opening a circuit switch and then starting to operate the device;
3) the device is continuously operated for 40-45 d.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the purification device capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body mainly utilizes the functions of microorganism, microorganism electrochemistry and passivant for shielding, absorbing and fixing the phosphorus;
the anode collects electrons generated by nearby microorganisms and transmits the electrons to the cathode through a lead, so that organic matters, mainly carbon-containing organic matters, are degraded; as a dissolved oxygen supply source, the passivating agent can provide dissolved oxygen for the overlying water and provide an electron acceptor for the cathode, so that the normal operation of the biofuel cell is ensured;
in addition, the passivating agent can play a role in covering and shielding, and on one hand, partial nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the bottom sludge can be prevented from being released into a water body; on the other hand, the method can avoid the overlying consumption of dissolved oxygen in overlying water by reducing pollutants in the bottom mud;
furthermore, the passivating agent can play a role in adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants.
(2) The purification device capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body provided by the invention takes the carbon-containing material as the anode, and the carbon-containing material is suitable for being used as the characteristic of an attachment, growth and propagation carrier of aerobic bacteria;
as a dissolved oxygen supply source, the passivating agent can also provide dissolved oxygen for the anode carbon material, and aerobic bacteria growing in water can be captured in the surface of the anode carbon material and proliferated to effectively decompose the bottom sludge for the reconstruction of the bottom sludge.
(3) According to the purification device capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body, the lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay is utilized to greatly improve the phosphorus repairing capacity of the bottom mud, active phosphorus is converted into stable phosphorus, the contents of weak adsorption phosphorus (LP), iron binding phosphorus (BD-P) and Organic Phosphorus (OP) in the bottom mud are reduced, and thus the release of phosphorus in the bottom mud to the overlying water can be reduced;
and after the lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay modified by the oxygen nano bubbles is added, the physicochemical property of the bottom mud can be changed, the oxidation-reduction potential of the bottom mud is improved, and the bottom mud is changed from a reduction state environment to an oxidation state environment. It should be noted here that most of the bottom sludge of the water body and the water body certainly contain iron element, and the lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay influences the redox reaction of iron, so that the divalent iron in the bottom sludge and the overlying water is converted into trivalent iron, the combination of the trivalent iron and phosphate radical is promoted to form a stable form, the removal of organic matters by the sediment microbial fuel cell is strengthened, and the degradation of organic phosphorus in the bottom sludge is improved;
the oxygen nano bubble modified lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay is a natural mineral, does not bring secondary pollution to water bodies, and has small ecological risk.
(4) The device has simple structure and low cost, can randomly enlarge the scale according to the water body condition, and can realize in-situ remediation.
(5) The purification method capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body combines the porous mineral material capable of slowly releasing oxygen supply with the microbial fuel cell, degrades the content of organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorus in the bottom mud, generates electric energy and collects and recycles the electric energy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the purification system of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. bottom mud; 2. a water surface; 3. a cathode suspension device; 4. a cathode; 5. a conducting wire (the outer part is sleeved with a guide pipe); 6. an anode; 7. an external resistor; 8. a voltage monitoring device; 9. a circuit switch; 10. a passivating agent; 11. a passivating agent fixing device; 12. an electric energy collecting device; 13. a fan; 14. an aeration conduit; 15. an aeration head.
Detailed Description
1| the "bottom mud" is usually a mixture of clay, silt, organic matter and various minerals, and is formed by depositing on the bottom of the water body through physical, chemical and biological actions and water body transmission for a long time. The bottom mud with a thickness of 0 to 15 cm on the Surface is called Surface sludge (Surface section), and the bottom mud with a thickness of more than 15 cm is called Deep sludge (Deep section).
L 2| the "overlying water" as described herein is the body of water above the mud-water interface.
I3 | the "interstitial water" as used herein is water that is not mobile in the interstices of the soil or water substrate by the sorption energy of the soil particles
(1) the concentration of main pollutants in the overlying water body is increased due to the release process of the pollutants to the overlying water body caused by the concentration difference between the bottom mud and the interstitial water;
(2) the process of degrading organic matters by using bottom sludge microorganisms consumes dissolved oxygen in the overlying water body;
(3) in the resuspension process of the sediment, the adsorbed pollutants are diffused and released to the overlying water body, so that the organic pollutants in the overlying water body are increased;
(4) and (4) disturbing the bottom mud, and increasing the upward diffusion rate of pollutants in the bottom mud.
The "concentration of oxygen dissolved in overlying water" described herein was measured using YSI (portable oxygen dissolution instrument) to dissolve oxygen in overlying water, 3 replicates were taken, and the final data was obtained.
I 6| an "anode in contact with the substrate sludge" as described herein, wherein "in contact with the substrate sludge" may be a complete embedding of the anode in the substrate sludge or a part of the anode may be in contact with at least a part of the substrate sludge.
The specific procedure for "oxygen modification (oxygen nanobubble modification)" of the porous material described herein is as follows:
the process of 'vacuum desorption-oxygen adsorption' is circularly carried out for 3 times; the specific conditions are as follows:
vacuum desorption, degassing for 2h under the condition of-0.095 MPa,
oxygen adsorption, wherein the first two times of conditions are 0.15MPa for 0.5h, the last time of conditions are 0.15MPa for more than 12h so as to achieve the adsorption balance of oxygen, and the sample is kept in the oxygen high-pressure state before use.
I 8 i "initial" in the "initial area, initial thickness" described herein refers to the "area, thickness of passivating agent" at any time period prior to the start-up of the decontamination system after the decontamination system is deployed in the area to be treated.
In the text, the lanthanum-aluminum attapulgite used is mainly synthesized by taking attapulgite with a certain particle size and hexa-ferric chloride as main raw materials, and the specific synthesis method comprises the following steps:
placing granulated attapulgite (CAP) with the diameter of 1-2mm in a muffle furnace, and calcining for 2h at 700 ℃ to obtain calcined attapulgite (TCAP); an equal amount of TCAP (10g) was weighed out and 25mL of 0.2mol/L LaCl was added3And 25mL of 2mol/L AlCl3·6H2Shaking the mixed solution of O (all the medicines are analytically pure) in a constant temperature shaking table (SCGZ-1102C type) at 25 ℃ at 180r/min for 1h, and taking out; standing at room temperature for 24h, pouring out the upper layer liquid, placing the rest material in an oven (NMT-3002 type), drying at 90 deg.C for 24h, cooling, washing the obtained material with ultrapure water until the supernatant is free of chloride ions (detecting chloride ions with silver nitrate solution), drying the washed material in the oven at low temperature, naturally cooling to room temperature, and placing in a dryer for later use.
As shown in fig. 1, the purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body provided by the present invention comprises a cathode 4, a circuit switch 9, a voltage monitoring device 8, an external resistor 7, an anode 6, an electric energy collecting device 12, and an oxygen supply device, wherein the cathode 4, the circuit switch 9, the voltage monitoring device 8, the external resistor 7, and the anode are connected in series sequentially through a lead 5 (a conduit can be sleeved outside the lead to protect the lead), the electric energy collecting device 12 is connected in parallel with the circuit switch 9, the voltage monitoring device 8, and the external resistor.
The number of the cathodes 4 is several, and the corresponding anodes have the same number; wherein, the cathode material is a material containing carbon, such as an activated carbon fiber material or a graphite disc; the cathode is suspended on the overlying water through a cathode suspension device 3, and the vertical height between the cathode and the anode corresponding to the cathode is not higher than 2 m. Wherein the cathode suspension device 3 is an inflatable device, and the cathode is suspended on the surface of the water body.
The anode is in contact with the substrate sludge and can be partially or completely embedded in the substrate sludge, wherein the cathode material is a carbon-containing material, such as an activated carbon fiber material or a graphite disc.
The oxygen supply device comprises a passivator 10 and a passivator fixing device 11; wherein the passivating agent is oxygen-modified (capable of slowly releasing oxygen) porous mineral material, such as oxygen-modified montmorillonite and/or attapulgite, and is covered above the bottom mud to a thickness of not less than 3 cm.
It should be noted that, according to the size of the treatment area and the desired treatment effect, the number of the cathodes and the anodes, the size of the substrate sludge area of the region to be treated occupied by the coverage area of the passivating agent, and the thickness of the passivating agent can be adjusted, and it is only required that the cathodes and the anodes are distributed in a distributed manner in the whole region to be treated, the initial area covered by the passivating agent is not less than 0.1, and the initial thickness is not less than 3 cm.
The essence of the water treatment by the device is that the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is controlled by combining a porous mineral material capable of oxygen slow release and a sediment microbial fuel cell.
The specific purification method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body comprises the following steps:
1) the device capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is arranged in the water body to be treated and the bottom mud;
2) opening a circuit switch and then starting to operate the device;
3) the device is continuously operated for 40-45 d.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In this embodiment, a purification system capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is used to treat a black and odorous water region, the area of the region is a river flow area of 5m × 5m, and the depth of the overlying water is 2 m.
A purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is shown in figure 1, wherein the passivating agent is lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay modified by oxygen nano bubbles; the area is internally provided with 100 anodes, the distance between two adjacent anodes is about 50cm, and the anodes are activated carbon fiber felts (10 multiplied by 1cm) which are arranged on the surface layer of the overlying water; 100 anodes are arranged in the corresponding regions, the distance between every two adjacent cathodes is about 50cm, the cathodes are graphite disks (the diameter is 10cm), and the cathodes are arranged at the position of about 8cm of bottom mud; the vertical height between the corresponding cathode and anode is 2 m; the initial coverage area of the passivator above the bottom mud is 2.5m2The initial thickness was 3 cm.
The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is utilized, and the implementation steps are as follows:
1) installing the purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body in a region to be treated;
2) opening a circuit switch and then starting to operate the device;
3) the entire plant was stabilized for run 7d and then run 38 d. Wherein, the detection is carried out once every 15 days for 4 times, and the control effect on the endogenous phosphorus in the black and odorous water body and the integral repair effect on the black and odorous water body are realized. The test data in actual operation are shown in tables 1-3.
TABLE 1 variation of the indices of the overlying water in example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3868 | 2.48 | 3.63 | 4.5 |
| COD(mg/L) | 258.6 | 176.25 | 87.3659 | 37.0384 |
| TP(mg/L) | 3.05 | 2.65 | 1.13 | 0.367 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 1.238 | 0.962 | 0.596 | 0.351 |
| PO4 3-(mg/L) | 2.43 | 1.49 | 0.73 | 0.24 |
| UV254 | 0.0197 | 0.0106 | 0.0076 | 0.0037 |
TABLE 2 changes in the indexes of the interstitial water in example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3664 | 0.5238 | 0.8453 | 0.9582 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 2.463 | 1.328 | 0.763 | 0.396 |
Table 3 change of each index of bottom mud in example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| TP(mg/kg) | 4362.325 | 3653.253 | 2169.539 | 986.314 |
| LP(mg/kg) | 0.4467 | 0.4036 | 0.3159 | 0.2695 |
| Fe-P(mg/kg) | 10.697 | 8.2364 | 5.2673 | 4.2397 |
| Al-P(mg/kg) | 24.213 | 15.693 | 13.6293 | 9.8624 |
| OP(mg/kg) | 11.8896 | 8.5693 | 6.1692 | 4.8362 |
| Ca-P(mg/kg) | 34.5893 | 36.6348 | 42.3654 | 47.2586 |
| Res-P(mg/kg) | 21.068 | 18.3652 | 19.3649 | 18.6253 |
The black and odorous water body can be well repaired by the oxygen nano-bubble modified lanthanum-aluminum-attapulgite clay coupled sediment microbial fuel cell in actual operation, endogenous phosphorus in bottom sediment is inhibited from being released to overlying water, organic phosphorus in the bottom sediment is effectively removed, unstable phosphorus in the bottom sediment is converted into stable phosphorus, organic matters are effectively removed, various indexes of the black and odorous water body are integrally improved, and the black and odorous water body is effectively repaired.
Comparative example 1
The purification system in the comparative example is basically the same as that in example 1, and is different from the lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay modified by oxygen nano bubbles in the absence of the passivating agent.
The conditions of the treated area in this comparative example were substantially the same as in example 1, the water treatment method was the same as in example 1, and the test data in the actual operation are shown in tables 4 to 6.
Table 4 change of each index of the over-coating water in comparative example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3970 | 0.4001 | 0.3968 | 0.3874 |
| COD(mg/L) | 243.7 | 208.95 | 197.87 | 182.63 |
| TP(mg/L) | 3.48 | 3.02 | 1.65 | 1.52 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 1.183 | 1.039 | 0.925 | 0.788 |
| PO4 3-(mg/L) | 2.57 | 1.73 | 1.04 | 0.84 |
| UV254 | 0.0211 | 0.0173 | 0.0148 | 0.0092 |
TABLE 5 Change in the indexes of the interstitial water in comparative example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3678 | 0.3703 | 0.3624 | 0.3702 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 2.508 | 1.836 | 1.238 | 0.907 |
TABLE 6 variation of each index of the sediment in comparative example 1
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| TP(mg/kg) | 4348.127 | 3968.73 | 2572.38 | 1334.15 |
| LP(mg/kg) | 0.4873 | 0.4217 | 0.3548 | 0.3374 |
| Fe-P(mg/kg) | 11.0215 | 9.8427 | 7.9148 | 6.1384 |
| Al-P(mg/kg) | 23.138 | 19.632 | 16.129 | 14.153 |
| OP(mg/kg) | 11.317 | 10.1321 | 8.0126 | 6.1374 |
| Ca-P(mg/kg) | 34.7651 | 30.1628 | 26.3976 | 22.1685 |
| Res-P(mg/kg) | 20.174 | 19.351 | 19.354 | 18.925 |
As can be seen from the above table. From the data in the table, it can be seen that after the device is operated for 45d without the oxygen nano-bubble modified lanthanum-aluminum attapulgite clay, the index concentration of each pollutant is reduced, but the treatment effect is relatively poor, and the repairing effect is greatly different from that of example 1. The whole dissolved oxygen of the black and odorous water body is kept in a low state, and the treatment efficiency of the sediment microbial fuel cell is seriously influenced. .
Comparative example 2
The purification system in the comparative example is basically the same as that in example 1, except that the oxygen supply device is replaced by a common aeration system and lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay which is not modified by oxygen nano bubbles.
The conditions of the treated area in this comparative example were substantially the same as in example 1, the water treatment was carried out in the same manner as in example 1, and the test data in the actual operation are shown in tables 7 to 9.
TABLE 7 variation of indexes of the overlay water in comparative example 2
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3665 | 2.36 | 3.74 | 4.47 |
| COD(mg/L) | 263.4 | 168.75 | 88.34 | 37.85 |
| TP(mg/L) | 3.11 | 2.64 | 1.56 | 0.632 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 1.327 | 0.903 | 0.732 | 0.464 |
| PO4 3-(mg/L) | 2.40 | 1.58 | 0.83 | 0.41 |
| UV254 | 0.0205 | 0.0134 | 0.0098 | 0.0051 |
TABLE 8 Change in the indexes of the interstitial water in comparative example 2
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3803 | 0.3768 | 0.3721 | 0.3804 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 2.431 | 1.574 | 1.004 | 0.521 |
TABLE 9 Change of each index of the mortar in comparative example 2
As can be seen from the data in the table above, after 45d, the black and odorous water body has good repairing effect, but due to the influence of aeration, the bottom mud is disturbed, the repairing effect is slightly lower than that of example 1, and meanwhile, the aeration also consumes energy. .
Comparative example 3
The purification system of this comparative example is substantially the same as that of example 1 except that the passivating agent was replaced with oxygen-modified attapulgite (not modified with lanthanum aluminum).
The conditions of the treated area in this comparative example were substantially the same as in example 1, the water treatment method was the same as in example 1, and the test data in the actual operation are shown in tables 10 to 12.
TABLE 10 variation of indexes of the overlay water in comparative example 3
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.4002 | 2.15 | 3.36 | 4.15 |
| COD(mg/L) | 253.7 | 180.73 | 97.87 | 44.65 |
| TP(mg/L) | 3.08 | 2.78 | 1.93 | 1.15 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 1.401 | 1.108 | 0.873 | 0.632 |
| PO4 3-(mg/L) | 2.49 | 1.62 | 0.97 | 0.67 |
| UV254 | 0.197 | 0.0161 | 0.0113 | 0.0075 |
TABLE 11 Change in the indexes of the interstitial water in comparative example 3
| Index name (Unit) | 0d | 15d | 30d | 45d |
| DO(mg/L) | 0.3961 | 0.3876 | 0.3761 | 0.3901 |
| SRP(mg/L) | 2.485 | 1.608 | 1.115 | 0.688 |
TABLE 12 change of each index of the sediment in comparative example 3
The data in the table show that the device has a certain repairing effect on the black and odorous water body after 45d operation, and the passivating agent is not modified except for the modification of the oxygen nano bubbles, so that the oxygen requirement of the sediment microbial fuel cell is basically met, but the effect of coupling with the sediment microbial fuel cell cannot be achieved. The difference is large compared with the repairing effect of the example 1. .
Example 2
In this embodiment, a purification system capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is used to treat a black and odorous water region, the area of the region is a river flow area of 5m × 5m, and the depth of the overlying water is 2 m.
A purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is shown in figure 1, wherein the passivating agent is lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay modified by oxygen nano bubbles; the area is internally provided with 100 anodes, the distance between two adjacent anodes is about 50cm, and the anodes are activated carbon fiber felts (10 multiplied by 1cm) which are arranged on the surface layer of the overlying water; 100 anodes are arranged in corresponding regions, and two adjacent cathodes are arrangedThe distance between the two plates is about 50cm, the cathode is a graphite disc (the diameter is 10cm) and is arranged at the position of about 1cm of the bottom mud; the vertical height between the corresponding cathode and anode is 2 m; the initial coverage area of the passivator above the bottom mud is 3m2The initial thickness was 3 cm.
The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is utilized, and the implementation steps are as follows:
1) installing the purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body in a region to be treated;
2) opening a circuit switch and then starting to operate the device;
3) the entire plant was stabilized for run 7d and then run 38 d. Wherein, the detection is carried out once every 15 days for 4 times, and the control effect on the endogenous phosphorus in the black and odorous water body and the integral repair effect on the black and odorous water body are realized.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a purification system capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is used to treat a black and odorous water region, the area of the region is a river flow area of 5m × 5m, and the depth of the overlying water is 2 m.
A purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is shown in figure 1, wherein the passivating agent is lanthanum-aluminum modified attapulgite clay modified by oxygen nano bubbles; the area is internally provided with 100 anodes, the distance between two adjacent anodes is about 50cm, and the anodes are activated carbon fiber felts (10 multiplied by 1cm) which are arranged on the surface layer of the overlying water; 100 anodes are arranged in the corresponding regions, the distance between every two adjacent cathodes is about 50cm, the cathodes are graphite disks (the diameter is 10cm), and the cathodes are arranged at the position of about 0.5cm of bottom mud; the vertical height between the corresponding cathode and anode is 1.5 m; the initial coverage area of the passivator above the bottom mud is 5m2The initial thickness was 5 cm.
The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is utilized, and the implementation steps are as follows:
1) installing the purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body in a region to be treated;
2) opening a circuit switch and then starting to operate the device;
3) the entire plant was stabilized for run 7d and then run 38 d. Wherein, the detection is carried out once every 15 days for 4 times, and the control effect on the endogenous phosphorus in the black and odorous water body and the integral repair effect on the black and odorous water body are realized. The test data in actual operation are shown in tables 1-3.
Claims (10)
1. A purification system capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is characterized in that: comprises a cathode suspended in overlying water, an anode in contact with bottom mud, an oxygen supply device and an electric energy collecting and storing device;
the oxygen supply device comprises a passivator which is close to the anode and is positioned above the bottom mud, and the passivator is a porous mineral material capable of slowly releasing oxygen supply;
the porous mineral material is an oxygen-modified porous mineral material; micro-and nano-scale oxygen-containing bubbles can be provided into the overlying water.
2. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 1, wherein: the cathode and the anode are both carbon-containing materials.
3. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 2, wherein: the oxygen supply material also comprises a fixing device for fixing the passivating agent;
the passivating agent is lanthanum-aluminum attapulgite clay modified by oxygen nano bubbles.
4. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 3, wherein: the passivating agent covers the bottom mud and needs to be in contact with the anode;
the initial thickness of the passivating agent covering the bottom mud is not less than 3 cm; and according to the area calculation of the sediment to be treated, the ratio of the initial area of the passivating agent covered above the initial sediment to the area of the sediment to be treated is not lower than 0.1.
5. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 4, wherein: the vertical distance between the cathode and the anode is not higher than 2 m.
6. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the anode can be made of any one of graphite flakes, carbon fibers, carbon nano material modified graphite felt, carbon cloth, carbon paper, reticular glassy carbon, foam carbon and graphite;
the cathode material can be any one selected from carbon fiber, graphite, platinum-loaded carbon paper and platinum-loaded titanium mesh.
7. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 6, wherein: the power supply also comprises a power switch and an external resistor;
the cathode is connected with the anode through a lead, and an external resistor and a power switch are connected in series in the middle.
8. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 7, wherein: the device further comprises a voltage monitoring device, and the voltage monitoring device is connected with the external resistor and the power supply in parallel.
9. The purification system capable of controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in a body of water according to claim 7, wherein: the water to be purified is
(1) Ambient water present in rivers, canals, ponds, lakes and marshes, bays, lakes and ocean; and/or
(2) Industrial wastewater discharged from factories and the like; and/or
(3) Domestic wastewater containing human or livestock excreta; and/or
(4) Black and odorous water.
10. A purification method capable of controlling release of endogenous phosphorus in a water body is characterized in that: the release of endogenous phosphorus in the water body is controlled by combining a porous mineral material capable of carrying out oxygen slow release and a sediment microbial fuel cell.
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| CN114291985A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-08 | 南京中科水治理股份有限公司 | Method for inhibiting release of endogenous nitrogen and phosphorus in bottom sediment |
| CN115656282A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-31 | 湖北理工学院 | Lanthanum-loaded air cathode microbial fuel cell type phosphorus sensor |
| CN115656282B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-09-12 | 湖北理工学院 | Lanthanum-loaded air cathode microbial fuel cell type phosphorus sensor |
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