CN112886692A - Power supply system - Google Patents
Power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886692A CN112886692A CN202110144559.1A CN202110144559A CN112886692A CN 112886692 A CN112886692 A CN 112886692A CN 202110144559 A CN202110144559 A CN 202110144559A CN 112886692 A CN112886692 A CN 112886692A
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- battery
- power supply
- charging
- super capacitor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a power supply system, which specifically comprises a rectification system, a voltage regulation system and a power supply, wherein the rectification system is connected with an external power supply; the battery charging system is connected with the rectifying system, and current flows into the battery charging system through the rectifying system; the battery pack is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of batteries and is connected with the output end of the battery charging system; the battery discharging system is connected with the battery pack, and current flows into the battery discharging system from the battery pack; the super capacitor group is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of super capacitors, and is connected with the output end of the battery discharge system; and the output end of the battery discharging system and the super capacitor bank are both connected with an external load. When necessary, the battery pack and the super capacitor pack can be respectively connected with the balance protection system in parallel. The power supply system provided by the invention separates the charging and discharging systems of the battery pack, so that the power supply system can continuously output stable current and output pulse large current, and the charging and discharging of the power supply system are carried out under the safe and stable conditions, thereby prolonging the service life of the power supply system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electricity, in particular to a power supply system comprising a battery and a super capacitor.
Background
In the current field of electrical technology, the most widely used are lead-acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. The lead-acid battery is insensitive to charge and discharge conditions and has high-current output characteristics, but the lead-acid battery has low energy density and short service life, and generally needs to be replaced within 1 to 3 years. More seriously, lead-acid batteries contain extremely high levels of heavy metal lead, which can cause serious ecological disasters. The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, no memory effect and the like, but is very sensitive to charge and discharge conditions and is not suitable for unsteady charge and discharge conditions. Especially, when the battery is charged and discharged at a large current, the heating value is large, irreversible lithium segregation is easily caused in the battery core, the performance of the battery is affected irreversibly, and the service life of the battery is also shortened. In severe cases, the segregated lithium dendrites may puncture the separator inside the battery, causing short circuits inside the battery to cause combustion and explosion. In addition, although the high-capacity pure capacitor system has the performance of large-current discharge after a certain amount of charge, the high-capacity pure capacitor system has low energy density and does not have the performance of continuous and stable electric energy output, namely, the high-capacity pure capacitor system cannot be used as a battery.
In the prior art, there is also a scheme of combining a battery and a super capacitor, for example, patent CN206884939U connects the battery and the super capacitor directly in parallel, so that the battery is used as a charging device for the super capacitor, but the problem of compatibility when the battery and the super capacitor work is not solved. If when the super capacitor bank discharges with large current, the shunting function of the battery enables self-charging to occur in the battery system formed by the battery and the super capacitor, and the effect of large current output of the battery system is obviously reduced. Meanwhile, the large current shunted to the battery, as the charging current of the battery, may significantly reduce the service life of the battery, even cause combustion explosion. As another example, in patent CN205489678U, a battery is connected in series with a high power diode and then connected in parallel with a super capacitor. However, as a vehicle power supply battery, the charging and energy supplementing can not be realized, and the one-way conductivity of the diode avoids the problem of self-charging of a battery system, but the voltage division effect of the high-power diode can reduce the effective output voltage, so that the output performance of the super capacitor is reduced, and the generated heat is also an important hazard source for the power supply system.
Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a technical scheme, which is compatible with the charging and discharging characteristics of the battery and the super capacitor, so that the power supply can continuously output stable current and output large current, and the charging and discharging of the power supply are performed under safe and stable conditions, thereby prolonging the service life of the power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a composite power supply system based on a conventional battery and a super capacitor, wherein the power supply system can continuously output stable current and can output pulse large current. The charging and discharging of the battery system are carried out in a very safe range, and the service life of the battery can be greatly prolonged.
The power supply system provided by the invention specifically comprises
The rectifying system is connected with an external power supply;
the battery charging system is connected with the rectifying system, and current flows into the battery charging system through the rectifying system;
the battery pack is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of batteries and is connected with the output end of the battery charging system;
the battery discharging system is connected with the battery pack, and current flows into the battery discharging system from the battery pack;
the super capacitor group is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of super capacitors, and is connected with the output end of the battery discharge system;
and the output end of the battery discharging system and the super capacitor bank are both connected with an external load.
Through the electrical connection structure, the power supply system provided by the invention separates the charging and discharging system of the battery pack. The rectifying system converts alternating current/direct current input by an external power supply into required direct current, and then the battery charging system charges the battery pack with direct current, so that the battery pack can be charged under safe and stable charging conditions. The battery pack charges the super capacitor pack through the battery discharging system, so that the super capacitor pack is in the optimal state of a system working externally at any time, heavy current output can be performed at any time, and the super capacitor pack can not perform self-charging on the battery pack when heavy current output is performed because the battery discharging system can only perform one-way discharging. The output end of the battery discharging system and the super capacitor bank are connected with an external load, so that the power supply system can continuously output stable current and can output large current.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the battery pack of the power supply system is formed by connecting m × n (m is more than or equal to 1, n is more than or equal to 1) batteries in series and parallel. Compared with a single large-capacity battery, the battery pack formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series and parallel can be combined to the required system voltage and electric capacity according to needs, the heat generated during charging and discharging is less and more dispersed, the battery pack has a more stable charging and discharging state, and the service life of the battery pack is longer.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, a super capacitor group of a power supply system is formed by connecting p × q (p is more than or equal to 1, and q is more than or equal to 1) super capacitors in series and parallel. The super capacitor group formed by connecting a plurality of super capacitors in series and parallel can improve the charging and discharging speed of the super capacitors and reduce the heat generated during the charging and discharging of the super capacitors while ensuring the charging and discharging voltage and the charged amount of the super capacitors. The super capacitor can charge and discharge large current in a short time, and the performance and the service life of the super capacitor cannot be influenced by the charge and discharge of the large current.
Preferably, in the technical solution provided by the present invention, the power supply system further includes a battery balancing protection system. The battery equalization protection system is connected with the battery pack in parallel, each battery in the battery pack is equalized, each battery works in the same voltage state, and rapid aging of the battery system caused by overcharge of a battery monomer with small internal resistance or undercharge of a battery monomer with large internal resistance is prevented.
Preferably, in the technical solution provided by the present invention, the power supply system further includes a capacitance balance protection system. The capacitor balance protection system is connected in parallel with the super capacitor bank to balance each capacitor in the super capacitor bank, so that each capacitor works in the same voltage state, the phenomenon that the whole super capacitor bank is influenced to stably charge and discharge due to overvoltage or overload of a single capacitor is prevented, and the service life of the capacitor bank is prolonged.
Further, in the preferred technical solution provided by the present invention, the capacitance balance protection system includes a capacitance overcharge prevention module and a capacitance collapse prevention module. The capacitor anti-overcharging module can stop charging the super capacitor unit in order to prevent the electric quantity of the super capacitor unit with smaller internal resistance from being supersaturated when the super capacitor unit is charged, so as to prevent the super capacitor unit from being broken down by overvoltage and causing chain reaction due to continuous charging. The capacitor collapse prevention module can stop the super capacitor bank from discharging outwards when the super capacitor bank discharges to reach a limit value, and prevents the discharge voltage from collapsing caused by continuous discharge.
In the preferred technical scheme provided by the invention, the rectifying system comprises a rectifying module, a voltage limiting module and a charging current limiting module. The rectifying module converts alternating current/improper direct current input by an external power supply into required direct current, and the voltage limiting module and the charging current limiting module jointly act to control the voltage value and the current value of charging current flowing into the battery charging system, so that the voltage value or the current value of the charging current is prevented from being too large, too large load is generated on a battery pack, and the service life of a battery in the battery pack is influenced.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the battery charging system comprises the battery anti-overcharging module, the battery anti-overcharging module can stop charging the battery pack after the electric quantity of the battery pack is saturated, the situation that the internal pressure of the battery in the battery pack is increased due to continuous charging is prevented, the performance of the battery is also remarkably reduced and damaged, and even the situations of battery deformation, liquid leakage and the like occur.
In the technical scheme provided by the invention, the battery discharge system comprises a discharge current limiting module and a battery collapse prevention module. The discharging current limiting module can limit the current value of the discharging current of the battery, and prevent the current value of the discharging current of the battery pack from being too large, so that irreversible negative effects are caused in the battery; the battery collapse prevention module can stop the external discharge of the battery pack when the discharge of the battery pack reaches a limit value, prevent the discharge voltage from collapsing due to continuous discharge, and prevent the battery from over-discharging to possibly cause damage to the active material of the battery electrode, lose the reaction capability and shorten the service life of the battery.
In the preferred technical scheme provided by the invention, the battery adopted in the power supply system can be various rechargeable batteries: when the lithium ion battery is used, the charging and discharging speed is high, the cycle life is long, the memory effect is avoided, and the environmental pollution is small; when the battery is a conventional rechargeable battery such as nickel-hydrogen battery, nickel-chromium battery and the like, the cost is low, and the pollution to the environment is small; lead acid batteries may also be used.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system provided in a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a battery pack in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the supercapacitor bank in the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a power supply system provided in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the capacitive equalization protection system of the embodiment of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rectification system in the embodiment of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the battery charging system of the embodiment of FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge system in the embodiment of fig. 4.
Reference numerals: 1-power supply system, 11-rectification system, 111-rectification module, 112-voltage limiting module, 113-charging current limiting module, 12-battery charging system, 121-battery overcharge preventing module, 13-battery pack, 131-battery, 14-battery discharging system, 141-discharging current limiting module, 142-battery collapse preventing module, 15-super capacitor pack, 151-super capacitor, 16-battery balance protection system, 17-capacitor balance protection system, 171-capacitor overcharge preventing module, 172-capacitor collapse preventing module, 2-external power supply and 3-external load.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, however, the invention is capable of other embodiments in addition to those detailed.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, a power supply system 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention specifically includes: the rectifier system 11 is connected with the external power supply 2, and the current input into the power supply system 1 by the external power supply 2 firstly passes through the rectifier system 11 to realize the conversion from alternating current/improper direct current to required direct current; a battery charging system 12 connected to the rectifying system 11 for charging the battery pack 13; the battery pack 13 is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of batteries 131, the battery pack 13 is respectively connected with the output end of the battery charging system 12 and the input end of the battery discharging system 14, namely, the charging and discharging systems of the battery pack 13 are two separated independent systems; a battery discharge system 14 connected to the battery pack 13, wherein a current in the battery discharge system 14 flows from the battery pack 13 to the supercapacitor pack 15, and a current flow in the battery discharge system 14 is irreversible; the super capacitor bank 15 is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of super capacitors 151, and the super capacitor bank 15 is connected with the output end of the battery discharge system 14; and the output end of the battery discharging system 14 and the super capacitor bank 15 are both connected with the external load 3, and the battery pack 13 and the super capacitor bank 15 connected with the battery discharging system 14 can both supply power to the external load 3.
With the above configuration, the power supply system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention separates the charging and discharging systems, and the battery pack 13 is charged by dc charging under the combined action of the rectifier system 11 and the battery charging system 12. The battery pack 13 charges the super capacitor pack 15 through the battery discharge system 14, so that the super capacitor pack 15 is in an optimal state of a system working externally at any time, large current output can be performed at any time, and because the battery discharge system 14 can only perform one-way discharge, the super capacitor pack 15 cannot perform in-system self-charging on the battery pack 13 when large current output is performed, and damage to the battery pack 13 caused by large current charging can be avoided. The output end of the power supply system 1 and the super capacitor bank 15 are both connected with the external load 3, so that the power supply system 1 can continuously output stable current and can output pulse large current.
Referring to FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the battery pack 13 is composed of m × n (m ≧ 1, n ≧ 1) cells 131 connected in series-parallel. The series connection of the batteries 131 can increase the output voltage, and the parallel connection of the batteries 131 can increase the capacity of the battery pack 13 and the output current. The voltage value, capacity, output capability, and the like of the battery pack 13 can be conveniently controlled by the series-parallel connection of the m × n cells 131. The specification capacities of the cells 131 connected in series and parallel are consistent in the present embodiment, so that it is further ensured that the operating state of each cell 131 is balanced and stable in the battery pack 13. In practical applications, the electrical connection mode of the batteries 131 and the specification capacity of each battery 131 are various, and the design is not limited to the configuration in the drawing, and may be made in accordance with the electrical specifications of the external power supply 2 and the external load 3.
Referring to FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the super capacitor bank 15 is composed of p × q (p ≧ 1, q ≧ 1) super capacitors 151 connected in series-parallel. The series connection of the super capacitors 151 can improve the withstand voltage value of the super capacitor bank 15, namely the maximum value of the voltage which can be borne between the electrodes of the super capacitors 15; the parallel connection of the super capacitors 151 can increase the capacitance of the super capacitor bank 15. The withstand voltage value and the capacitance of the super capacitor bank 15 can be conveniently controlled by connecting p × q super capacitors 151 in series and parallel, and the charging and discharging voltage value and the current value of the super capacitor bank 15 can be further controlled. Compared with a single large capacitor, the series-parallel connection structure of the plurality of super capacitors 151 effectively disperses heat generated during charging and discharging. In addition, in the present embodiment, the specification capacities of the supercapacitors 151 connected in series and parallel are all consistent, so that it can be further ensured that the operating state of each supercapacitor 151 is balanced and stable in the supercapacitor group 15. In practical applications, the electrical connection mode of the super capacitor 151 and the specification capacity of each super capacitor 151 are various, and are not limited to the configuration shown in the drawing.
Further, unlike the conventional chemical power source, the super capacitor 151 in this embodiment does not chemically react during energy storage, and is reversible, so that the super capacitor 151 can be repeatedly charged and discharged tens of thousands of times. In addition, the super capacitor 151 has advantages of high power density, short charging and discharging time, long cycle life, wide operating temperature range, and the like, and can be charged and discharged with large current rapidly in a short time.
Example two
A second embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply system 1 as shown in fig. 4, which is different from the first embodiment of the present invention in that a battery equalization protection system 16 and a capacitor equalization protection system 17 are added in the power supply system 1.
Specifically, the battery equalization protection system 16 is connected in parallel with the battery pack 13. The battery equalization protection system 16 realizes the function of protecting the battery 131 by monitoring the total voltage of the battery pack 13 and the single voltage of the battery 131 so as not to exceed a safety range. The lithium ion battery has a high requirement on charge and discharge conditions, and when the battery pack 13 is charged and discharged, the overall voltage does not reflect the voltage of each cell in consideration of the inconsistency of each cell, so that a balancing measure needs to be taken to further ensure safety and stability. The equalization circuits in the battery equalization protection system 16 are generally divided into energy-dissipative equalization circuits and non-energy-dissipative equalization circuits. The energy dissipation type equalization circuit discharges electricity by connecting shunt resistors in parallel to both ends of the battery 131 in the battery pack 13, thereby achieving voltage equalization. The energy dissipation type equalizing circuit is simple in structure and low in cost, and electric quantity consumption can be caused due to the fact that shunt resistors are connected in parallel inevitably. The non-energy dissipation type equalizing circuit transfers the electric quantity of the battery 131 with higher electric quantity in the battery pack 13 to the battery 131 with lower electric quantity through energy storage elements such as a capacitor and an inductor, thereby realizing voltage equalization. The non-energy dissipation type equalizing circuit can quickly realize voltage equalization, does not generate excessive electricity consumption, and is complex in circuit structure and high in cost. Similarly, the equalization circuit in the battery equalization protection system 16 may also be implemented by combining different elements such as diodes and power tubes, which are not listed here.
Specifically, the capacitive equalization protection system 17 is connected in parallel with the supercapacitor bank 15. Likewise, the protection function of the capacitance equalization protection system 17 on the super capacitor bank 15 is realized by monitoring the total voltage of the super capacitor bank 15 and the super capacitors 151 so that the total voltage does not exceed a safe range. And the problem that the voltage of the single super capacitor 151 is uncontrollable, so that the charging and discharging state of the super capacitor bank 15 is unstable comes along. The equalizing circuit of the capacitor equalization protection system 17 may still use a parallel shunt resistor circuit that will generate a certain power loss, and more preferably, may use components such as a field effect transistor, an operational amplifier, and a MOSFET transistor to transfer the power of the super capacitor 151 with higher power in the super capacitor bank 15 to the super capacitor 151 with lower power, thereby implementing voltage equalization. The voltage across each supercapacitor 151 can be brought within a defined safety range by the capacitive balance protection system 17 described above.
Referring to fig. 5, further, the capacitive equalization protection system 17 further includes a capacitive overcharge prevention module 171 and a capacitive collapse prevention module 172. The capacitor overcharge prevention module 171 can stop charging the super capacitor bank 15 after the electric quantity of the super capacitor bank 15 is saturated, so as to prevent overload of the super capacitor bank 15 due to continuous charging. When the super capacitor bank 15 is charged, the capacitor overcharge prevention module 171 monitors the monitoring value of the super capacitor bank 15, and stops charging when the monitoring value reaches a preset charging early warning value. The monitoring value monitored by the capacitance overcharge prevention module 171 may be one or more combinations of a voltage value, a current value, a temperature difference with the environment, a charging time, and the like of the supercapacitor set 15. In addition, the capacitor overcharge prevention module 171 realizes the function of preventing the overcharge of the super capacitor bank 15 by reducing the monitoring value, and if the voltage value of the super capacitor bank 15 is detected to reach the preset charge early warning value, the voltage value of the super capacitor bank 15 is reduced by accessing the voltage division circuit.
The voltage value is too high, which affects the stable charging and discharging of the super capacitor bank 15, and similarly, the voltage breakdown caused by too low voltage value during discharging may also damage the performance of the super capacitor bank 15, and even damage the external load 3 connected to the super capacitor bank 15. When the discharge of the capacitor anti-collapse module 172 reaches the limit value, the super capacitor bank 15 stops discharging outwards, so that the discharge voltage breakdown caused by continuous discharge is prevented. When the super capacitor bank 15 is charged, the capacitor collapse prevention module 172 monitors the monitoring value of the super capacitor bank 15, and stops discharging when the monitoring value reaches a preset discharge cutoff value. The monitoring value monitored by the capacitance collapse prevention module 172 can be one or more combinations of voltage value, current value, discharge time and the like of the super capacitor bank 15.
Preferably, in the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the rectification system 11 in the power supply system 1 includes a rectification module 111, a voltage limiting module 112, and a charging current limiting module 113. The rectifying module 111 converts the alternating current/improper direct current input from the external power supply 2 into a required direct current through a rectifying circuit including a rectifying diode. After rectification conversion, the current flows into the voltage limiting module 112 and the charging current limiting module 113, and the control of the dc output voltage value and the current value of the rectification system 11 is realized through the voltage limiting circuit in the voltage limiting module 112 and the current limiting circuit of the charging current limiting module 113. The voltage limiting circuit can limit the output voltage by methods of a MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor), a voltage limiting chip, a DC-DC voltage limiting circuit and the like, and the current limiting circuit can limit the output current by methods of a diode, a triode, a PWM (pulse width modulation) control circuit and the like. In addition, in practical application, the voltage limiting circuit and the current limiting circuit can be integrated together, namely, the voltage limiting circuit and the current limiting circuit are combined into a voltage limiting and current limiting module.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the battery charging system 12 further includes a battery overcharge prevention module 121. The lithium ion battery in the battery pack 13 is overcharged, so that excessive lithium ions are inserted into a negative electrode carbon structure of the lithium ion battery, and a part of the lithium ions cannot be released any more, thereby damaging the performance and the service life of the lithium ion battery. The battery overcharge prevention module 121 can stop charging the battery pack 13 after the charge of the battery pack 13 is saturated, thereby preventing overcharge of the battery pack 13. The operation principle of the battery overcharge prevention module 121 is substantially the same as that of the capacitor overcharge prevention module 171, and will not be described herein.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the battery discharge system 14 further includes a discharge current limiting module 141 and a battery collapse prevention module 142. The discharging current limiting module 141 can prevent the discharging current of the battery pack 13 from being too large, which causes the internal heat of the battery 131, and can also prevent the current flowing into the super capacitor pack 15 or the external load 3 from being too large, which causes the generated heat to affect the discharging stability of the circuit, and the operation principle thereof is as the charging current limiting module 113. The lithium ion battery over-discharge can cause the negative carbon sheet layer structure to collapse, and the collapse can cause that lithium ions can not be inserted in the charging process, thereby causing permanent damage to the lithium ion battery. The battery collapse prevention module 142 can prevent the battery 131 from being damaged due to voltage collapse during discharge, and the operation principle thereof is as described in the above capacitance collapse prevention module 172.
Reference throughout this specification to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, function, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrase "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment of the invention. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, functions, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. For example, the first embodiment may be combined with the second embodiment as long as the two embodiments are not mutually exclusive.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A power supply system is characterized by comprising:
the rectifying system is connected with an external power supply;
the battery charging system is connected with the rectifying system, and current flows into the battery charging system through the rectifying system;
the battery pack is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of batteries and is connected with the output end of the battery charging system;
a battery discharge system connected to the battery pack, wherein current flows from the battery pack into the battery discharge system;
the super capacitor bank is formed by electrically connecting a plurality of super capacitors, and is connected with the output end of the battery discharge system;
and the output end of the battery discharging system and the super capacitor bank are both connected with an external load.
2. The power system of claim 1, wherein the battery pack is comprised of m x n (m ≧ 1, n ≧ 1) cells connected in series-parallel.
3. The power system of claim 1, wherein the bank of supercapacitors consists of p x q (p ≧ 1, q ≧ 1) supercapacitors connected in series-parallel.
4. The power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the battery balance protection system is connected with the battery pack in parallel.
5. The power supply system according to claim 1, further comprising:
and the capacitance balance protection system is connected in parallel with the super capacitor bank.
6. The power system of claim 5, wherein the capacitive equalization protection system comprises a capacitive anti-overcharge module and a capacitive anti-collapse module.
7. The power system of claim 1, wherein the rectification system comprises a rectification module, a voltage limiting module, and a charging current limiting module.
8. The power system of claim 1, wherein the battery charging system comprises a battery anti-overcharge module.
9. The power system of claim 1, wherein the battery discharge system comprises a discharge current limiting module and a battery collapse prevention module.
10. The power system of claim 1, wherein the battery is one or more of a combination of lithium ion battery, nickel hydrogen battery, nickel chromium battery, and lead acid battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110144559.1A CN112886692A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Power supply system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110144559.1A CN112886692A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Power supply system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112886692A true CN112886692A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110144559.1A Pending CN112886692A (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Power supply system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113653950A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 朱磊 | Intrinsic safety type gas pipe network Internet of things long life cycle high-frequency data acquisition terminal |
| CN113890162A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-04 | 航天柏克(广东)科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging method of high-current discharging device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101867218A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-10-20 | 厦门金龙旅行车有限公司 | Energy storage system of hybrid automobile |
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2021
- 2021-02-02 CN CN202110144559.1A patent/CN112886692A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101867218A (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2010-10-20 | 厦门金龙旅行车有限公司 | Energy storage system of hybrid automobile |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113653950A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-11-16 | 朱磊 | Intrinsic safety type gas pipe network Internet of things long life cycle high-frequency data acquisition terminal |
| CN113890162A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-01-04 | 航天柏克(广东)科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging method of high-current discharging device |
| CN113890162B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2023-08-22 | 航天柏克(广东)科技有限公司 | Charging and discharging method of high-current discharging device |
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