TW201445851A - Bidirectional current regulation apparatus and regulation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a bidirectional current regulation apparatus and its regulation method, including a discharging regulation circuit and a charging regulation circuit. The discharging regulation circuit receives the first current, and the first regulation controller can regulate the flow of the first current based upon the first predetermined current and allows the first current flowing into the power device. The charging regulation circuit receives the second current, and the second regulation controller can regulate the flow of the second current based upon the second predetermined current and allows the second current flowing into the electricity element in order to maintain the rated current of the electricity element or the power device. Moreover, it can prevent the electricity element or the power device from excessively charging/discharging. When the electricity element is used as the rechargeable battery and when the power device uses the motor having power recharging function, further avoiding the rechargeable battery from being damaged due to excessive high recharged current of the motor braking.

Description

Bidirectional current regulating device and adjusting method thereof

The invention relates to a current regulating device and a regulating method thereof, in particular to a bidirectional current regulating device and a regulating method thereof.

The existing power component technology is widely used, and its application fields include portable electronic devices such as notebook computers, mobile phones, personal digital assistants, and tablet computers, and even electric vehicles such as electric bicycles and electric vehicles.

In general, factors affecting the life of electrical energy components, in addition to manufacturing techniques, will also have an impact. In the process of using electrical energy components, if there is overcharging, overdischarging and overcurrent, the service life of electrical components will be affected. And performance, the performance of power components is rapidly degraded, greatly reducing the service life of power components.

In practical applications, in order to avoid excessive charging and discharging current, the power component needs to have an excessive charging and discharging protection mechanism. According to the current existing technology, the power component is generally protected by continuous current monitoring and interrupting off current. The user discharges with an excessively large current, however, such a use mode causes problems such as unexpected power failure abnormalities in the application of the power component.

In addition, when the power components are used in parallel with each other to form a battery pack, it is necessary to ensure the balance of capacity and impedance between the parallel battery packs, and it is necessary to ensure that the power supply is not interrupted due to uneven distribution of the rated current of the load. It is inconvenient in practical application.

In view of the above, the present invention is directed to the above problems, and the present invention provides a bidirectional current regulating device and a regulating method thereof, thereby solving the above drawbacks.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a bidirectional current regulating device and a regulating method thereof, which utilize a first regulating controller to adjust a flow rate of a first current according to a first preset current, and a second adjustment controller according to a second pre-control Setting a current to adjust the flow rate of the second current, thereby maintaining the flow rate of the first current and the second current not exceeding the rated current of the power component to protect the power element In order to avoid damage to the electrical energy component due to excessive charging and discharging. Since the bidirectional current regulating device of the present invention is different from the power element protection method in the past with continuous current monitoring or interrupt cutoff. Therefore, the present invention can avoid the problem of unintended power failure abnormality of the adjusting device in the device application of the power component, thereby increasing the reliability of the use of the adjusting device, using a rechargeable battery in the power component, and using the power device as having When generating a motor with a recharging function, it is possible to avoid damage to the rechargeable battery caused by the motor charging back to the charging flow.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a parallel bidirectional current regulating device and an adjusting method thereof, which can be applied to two or more quantities of electric energy components directly and in parallel, even if the rated current of the power device is greater than the rated value of any electric energy component. The current does not cause any power component to be overloaded or de-energized due to the difference in capacity or impedance between the power components. Therefore, by using the parallel bidirectional current regulating device of the present invention, the prior art can be solved in parallel with the battery pack. It is necessary to ensure the balance of capacity and impedance between the parallel power component groups before, so as to ensure that power failure and other problems are not caused by uneven distribution of the rated current of the power device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention discloses a bidirectional current regulating device including a discharge adjusting circuit and a charging adjusting circuit. The discharging adjusting circuit has a first adjusting controller to receive the first current, and the first adjusting controller is a preset current to adjust the flow of the first current and to cause the first current to flow into the power device, the charge adjustment circuit has a second adjustment controller to receive the second current, and the second adjustment controller is responsive to the second preset Current to regulate the flow of the second current and cause the second current to flow into the electrical energy component.

A bidirectional current regulation method includes the steps of: receiving a first current, and adjusting a flow of the first current according to the first preset current, and causing the first current to flow into the power device, receiving the second current, and according to the second pre- A current is set to regulate the flow of the second current and cause the second current to flow into the electrical energy component.

The purpose, technical contents, features and effects achieved by the present invention will be more readily understood by the detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

10‧‧‧Bidirectional current regulator

102‧‧‧Bidirectional current regulator

104‧‧‧Two-way current regulator

12‧‧‧ Electrical components

14‧‧‧Power devices

16‧‧‧Discharge regulation circuit

18‧‧‧Charge adjustment circuit

20‧‧‧First adjustment controller

22‧‧‧Second adjustment controller

24‧‧‧Inductance

30‧‧‧Parallel bidirectional current regulator

34‧‧‧Power components

36‧‧‧Power components

38‧‧‧Power devices

C ₁ ‧‧‧first capacitor

C ₂ ‧‧‧second capacitor

S ₁ ‧‧‧first switch

S ₂ ‧‧‧second switch

P ₁ ‧‧‧First electrical contact

P ₂ ‧‧‧second electrical contact

P ₃ ‧‧‧3rd electrical contact

P ₄ ‧‧‧4th electrical contact

I ₁ ‧‧‧First current

I ₂ ‧‧‧second current

I _L ‧‧‧Leakage current

I _R ‧‧‧Working current

I _C ‧‧‧Charging current

I _D ‧‧‧discharge current

D ₁ ‧‧‧First Diode

F ₁ ‧‧‧first forward end

R ₁ ‧‧‧first reverse end

D ₂ ‧‧‧Secondary

F ₂ ‧‧‧second cis end

R ₂ ‧‧‧second reverse end

Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram showing the charging of the bidirectional current regulating device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1B is a schematic view showing the discharge of the bidirectional current regulating device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the circuit of the bidirectional current regulating device of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the charging adjustment and discharge regulation circuit of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the charging adjustment and discharge regulation circuit of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5A is a schematic diagram showing the charging of the parallel bidirectional current regulating device of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5B is a schematic view showing the discharge of the parallel bidirectional current regulating device of the third embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6A is a schematic diagram showing the discharge flow of the bidirectional current regulation method of the present invention.

Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the charging process of the bidirectional current regulating method of the present invention.

The present invention exemplifies a device embodiment, and the present invention will be described by taking a DC circuit as an example. First, referring to FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B and FIG. 2, the charging diagram and discharge of the bidirectional current regulating device of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a bidirectional current regulating device. As shown in the figure, the present invention discloses a bidirectional current regulating device 10 electrically connected to at least one electrical component 12 and a power device 14. The electrical component 12 has a first electrical connection. Point P ₁ and second electrical contact P ₂ , power device 14 has a third electrical contact P ₃ and a fourth electrical contact P ₄ . In addition, the first electrical contact P ₁ and the third electrical contact P ₃ are positive electrodes, and the second electrical contact P ₂ and the fourth electrical contact P ₄ are negative electrodes.

As described above, the bidirectional current regulating device 10 of the present invention further includes a discharge adjusting circuit 16 and a charging adjusting circuit 18. The discharge adjusting circuit 16 has a first adjusting controller 20, and the discharging adjusting circuit 16 is electrically connected to the first electrical connection. a point P ₁ and a second electrical contact P ₂ to receive the first current I ₁ , and the first adjustment controller 20 can adjust the flow of the first current I ₁ according to the first preset current, and make the first current I ₁ flows into the power device 14, the charging control circuit 18 having a second adjustment controller 20, a charging regulator circuit 18 is electrically connected to a third electrical contact P ₃ and a fourth electrical contact P _4, to receive a second current I _2, and the second controller 22 may be adjusted according to a second predetermined current, to adjust the flow rate of the second current I _2, the current I ₂ and the second element 12 flows into the electric energy.

As shown, the first current I ₁ of the present invention releases the leakage current I _L from the power component 12, and after the discharge regulation circuit 16 receives the leakage current I _L , the leakage current I _L can be output to the discharge current I _D to The discharge current I _{D is} caused to flow into the power device 14, the second current I ₂ is released by the power device 14 from the operating current I _R , and after the charging adjustment circuit 18 receives the operating current I _R , the operating current I _R can be output to the charging current I _C So that the charging current I _C flows into the power element 12.

In addition, the bidirectional current regulating device 10 of the present invention includes an inductor 24 electrically connected to the discharge adjusting circuit 16 and the charging adjusting circuit 18 for storing the leakage current I _L and the operating current I _R , and the discharging adjusting circuit 16 and the charging adjusting circuit 18 . The leakage current I _{L of the} inductor 24 and the operating current I _{R can} be self-rotated and output into a discharge current I _D and a charging current I _C .

The power component 12 is a rechargeable battery. In detail, a lead acid battery, a nickel cadmium battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, and a lithium ion battery may all be embodiments of the power component 12 used in the present invention. The power device 14 can be an electric motor, a generator or other power network including a power generation or an electric load, for example, a solar battery system, a wind power system, and an electric load network connected to the alternating current. Therefore, the first preset current of the present invention is set for the rated current condition of the power component 12, and the second preset current is also set for the actual current of the power component 12, in other words, when the power component 12 is used. For example, when the power device 14 is used as a rechargeable battery, the first preset current is set for the rated discharge current of the rechargeable battery (that is, the output current of the rechargeable battery is set), the second pre- The current is also set according to the rated charging current of the rechargeable battery (that is, the setting is made for the input current of the rechargeable battery).

In addition, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of the technical idea of the present invention, and the detailed structural elements of the present invention and the component structures and operation modes of the specific embodiments will be hereinafter referred to in the accompanying drawings. The formula is further described in more detail.

Connection, referring to Figure 3, whereby the present invention described charge regulator and the discharge adjustment circuit diagram, see FIG. 2 supplemented, as illustrated, the present invention further comprises a discharge adjusting circuit 16 has a first switch S ₁ is connected in series a first electrical contact P ₁ and an inductor 24, a first switch S ₁ is electrically connected to the first adjustment controller 20, the controller 20 can adjust a first, determined in accordance with a first predetermined current of the first switch S ₁ is turned on The number of times, and thus the flow rate of the leakage current I _L , the first diode D ₁ has a first forward end F ₁ and a first reverse end R ₁ , and the first forward end F _{1 is} electrically connected to the first switch S ₁ Between the inductors 24, the first reverse terminal R _{1 is} electrically connected to the second electrical contact P ₂ , and the first capacitor C ₁ is connected in series with the inductor 24 and connected to the power device 14 .

The first diode D ₁ can form a reverse bias voltage during the on-time of the first switch S ₁ according to the characteristic relationship between the first forward end F ₁ and the first reverse end R ₁ to control the leakage current I _{L to} flow in all. inductor 24, when the first switch S ₁ is open, the first diode D ₁ is formed in a forward bias current to continue to inertia of the inductor 24, the energy in the inductor is transferred to the first capacitor C _1, and therefore, a first capacitor C ₁ can receive and store the leakage current I _L , which in turn provides a discharge current I _D to flow into the power device 14 .

In the charging adjustment circuit 18 of the present invention, the charging adjustment circuit 18 of the first embodiment further includes a second switch S _{2 in} series with the inductor 24 and the premise of the detailed configuration of the discharge adjusting circuit 16 of the first embodiment. Electrically connecting the third electrical contact P ₃ and the first capacitor C ₁ , and the second switch S _{2 is} electrically connected to the second adjustment controller 22 , and the second adjustment controller 22 can be configured according to the second preset current. To determine the number of conduction times of the second switch S ₂ , thereby adjusting the flow rate of the operating current I _R , the second diode D ₂ has a second forward end F ₂ and a second reverse end R ₂ , and the second forward end F ₂ Between the electrical connection inductor 24 and the second switch S ₂ , the second reverse terminal R _{2 is} electrically connected to the fourth electrical contact P ₄ , and the second capacitor C _{2 is} connected in series with the first switch S ₁ and the parallel power component 12 .

The second diode D ₂ can form a reverse bias voltage during the second switch S ₂ conduction time according to the characteristic relationship between the second forward end F ₂ and the second reverse end R ₂ , and the control operating current I _R flows into the inductor. 24, and when the second switch S _{2 is} open, the second diode D ₂ forms a forward bias to continue the inertia current of the inductor 24, transferring the energy in the inductor to the second capacitor C ₂ to receive and store the operating current I _R , which in turn provides a charging current I _C to flow into the electrical energy component 12.

According to the present invention, the bidirectional current regulating device 10 according to the foregoing is adjusted in such a manner that when the discharge adjusting circuit 16 is in the discharging state, the charging adjusting circuit 18 can turn on the second switch S ₂ and when the leakage current I _{L is} smaller than the first when the predetermined current, a first switching regulator 20 may increase the first on-time proportional controller ₁ S, _L increases the output of the leakage current flow I, when the leakage current I _L is greater than a first predetermined current, a first regulation controller 20 The ratio of the on-time of the first switch S ₁ can be reduced, and the flow rate of the output leakage current I _L can be reduced. When the leakage current I _L is equal to the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can constant the ratio of the on-time of the first switch S ₁ . The flow rate of the leakage current I _L with a constant output.

When the charging circuit 18 to adjust the charged state, the discharge control circuit 16 may enable the first switch S ₁ is turned on, and when the second switch S ₂ 22 increase the on-time with the charging current I _C is less than the second predetermined current, second adjustment The ratio increases the flow rate of the output working current I _R . When the charging current I _{C is} greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 can reduce the ratio of the conduction time of the second switch S ₂ and reduce the flow rate of the output working current I _R . When the charging current I _C is equal to the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 may constant the on-time ratio of the second switch S ₂ to constantly output the flow rate of the operating current I _R .

Due to the bidirectional current regulating device 10 disclosed in the present invention, the adjusting mode can be used to protect the electrical energy component 12, and therefore, the maximum leakage current I can withstand by the first regulating controller 20 for the electrical energy component 12 according to the first preset current. _L , the flow rate of the leakage current I _L is adjusted to prevent the leakage current I _{L of the} electric energy component 12 from exceeding the limit of the rated current of the electric energy component 12, and the second adjustment controller 22 is also applicable to the electrical energy component 12 according to the second preset current. The maximum charging current I _C that can be withstood, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the operating current I _R , so that the flow rate of the charging current I _C into the electrical energy component 12 does not exceed the limit of the rated current of the electrical energy component 12, so that the electrical energy component 12 can be reduced. The chance of being damaged or losing life due to excessive charging and discharging.

In addition, the adjustment method disclosed in the present invention is to adjust the charging and discharging rated current of the power component 12, however, the mode of adjustment is only one of the modes listed in the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. The bidirectional current regulating device 10 disclosed in the invention can also consider the rated current of the power component 12 and the power device 14 for another adjustment mode, and the adjustment mode thereof is roughly as follows: when the discharge adjusting circuit 16 of the present invention is in a discharging state The charge adjustment circuit 18 can turn on the second switch S ₂ , and when the discharge current I _{D is} less than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can increase the on-time ratio of the first switch S ₁ and increase the output leakage current I The flow rate of _L , when the discharge current I _{D is} greater than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can reduce the on-time ratio of the first switch S ₁ and reduce the flow rate of the output leakage current I _L , when the discharge current I _D is equal to the first when a predetermined current, the first controller 20 may adjust _a constant on-time ratio of the first switch S, a constant output flow rate of the leakage current _L I.

Deck, regulating circuit 18 when the charging state of the charging, discharging circuit 16 may be adjusted to enable the first switch S ₁ is turned on, and when the operating current is less than the second preset current I _R, the controller 22 may increase the second adjusting a second switch The on-time ratio increases the flow rate of the output operating current I _R . When the operating current I _{R is} greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 can reduce the ratio of the second switch on-time and reduce the flow of the output operating current I _R . When the operating current I _R is equal to the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 may constant the on-time ratio of the second switch S ₂ to constantly output the flow rate of the operating current I _R .

In summary, according to another adjustment mode of the present invention, the limitation of the rated current of the power device 14 can be adjusted, so that the maximum discharge current that the first adjustment controller 20 can accept for the power device 14 according to the first preset current is utilized. I _D, the flow rate adjustment of the discharge current I _D, the discharge current I _D flowing into the power device 14 does not exceed the flow rate of the rated current limit of the power means 14, while the second controller 22 also may be adjusted in accordance with a second predetermined current for a The maximum operating current I _R that the power device 14 can withstand, and thus the flow rate of the operating current I _R , can be avoided to avoid excessive discharge of the power device 14 , thereby reducing the chance of damage or loss of life of the power device 14 due to excessive charging and discharging. Therefore, when the power component 12 is used as a rechargeable battery, and the power device 14 uses a power network for generating electricity or using an electric power device, such as a solar battery system, the first preset current and the second preset current are respectively applicable to the rechargeable battery. Set the charge and discharge rated current of the battery and solar cell system.

In addition, the bidirectional current regulating device 10 of the first embodiment is only one of the device embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is of course not limited thereto, and the fourth embodiment is described. The charging adjustment and discharge regulation circuit diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure, the power element 12, the power device 14, the discharge regulation circuit 16, and the charge adjustment circuit 18 of the present invention have a function and a connection manner. The same as the second embodiment, the same technical content will not be described again, but the second embodiment is different in that the discharge adjusting circuit 16 includes a first switch S ₁ connected in series with the second electrical contact P ₂ and the inductor 24, and a switch S ₁ is electrically connected to the first adjustment controller 20, the controller 20 may be adjusted in accordance with a first a first predetermined current, to determine a first switch S ₁ is turned on the number of times, thereby regulating the flow rate _L of the leakage current I, the first The diode D ₁ has a first forward end F ₁ and a first reverse end R ₁ . The first forward end F _{1 is} connected in series with the first electrical contact P ₁ , and the first reverse end R _{1 is} connected in series. switch S ₁ is between 24 and inductor, a first diode D ₁ is electrically controlled leakage I _L flows, and the charging current I _C, the first capacitor C ₁ is electrically connected to the first forward end of F ₁ and parallel power means 14, to receive and store the leakage current I _L, thereby providing a discharge current I _D to flow power means 14.

The charge adjustment circuit 18 of the present invention is based on the premise of the detailed structure of the discharge regulation circuit 16 of the second embodiment. At this time, the charge adjustment circuit 18 of the second embodiment includes the second switch S _{2 in} series with the inductor 24 and is electrically The fourth electrical switch P _{4 is} electrically connected to the first capacitor C ₁ , and the second switch S _{2 is} electrically connected to the second regulating controller 22 , and the second adjusting controller 22 can be configured according to the second preset current. Determining the number of conduction times of the second switch S ₂ , thereby adjusting the flow rate of the operating current I _R , the second diode D ₂ has a second forward end F ₂ and a second reverse end R ₂ , and the second forward end F _{2 is} electrically Connecting the first forward end F ₁ and the first capacitor C ₁ , the second reverse end R _{2 is} electrically connected between the inductor 24 and the second switch S ₂ , and the second diode D ₂ can control the operating current I _R and In the flow direction of the discharge current I _D , the second capacitor C _{2 is} connected in series with the first switch S ₁ and connected to the power element 12 to receive and store the operating current I _R , thereby providing the charging current I _C to flow into the power element 12 . According to the technical content of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention, the first embodiment is that the first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the inductor 24 are disposed in the positive end circuit, and the second In the embodiment, the first switch S ₁ , the second switch S ₂ and the inductor 24 are disposed in the negative end loop, so that the effect of the first embodiment can also be achieved according to the technical content disclosed in the second embodiment.

According to the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors or switched switches, and The first adjustment controller 20 and the second adjustment controller 22 respectively perform the triggering of the first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ by a pulse width modulation technique.

The bidirectional current regulating device 10 of the first embodiment and the second embodiment as disclosed above is only one of the device embodiments of the present invention. Next, referring to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the present invention is explained. FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 are a schematic diagram of a parallel bidirectional current regulating device according to a third embodiment, as shown in the first embodiment of the present invention. The bidirectional current regulating device 10, the inductor 24 and the first regulating controller 20 included in the discharging adjusting circuit 16, the first switch S ₁ , the first diode D ₁ , the first capacitor C ₁ and the charging adjusting circuit 18 The configuration of the second adjustment controller 22, the second switch S ₂ , the second diode D ₂ , and the second capacitor C ₂ and the connection relationship thereof are substantially the same as the parallel bidirectional current adjustment device 30 of the third embodiment. The same applies to the present invention, but the third embodiment of the present invention differs in that two sets of bidirectional current regulating devices 10, such as bidirectional current regulating device 102 and bidirectional current regulating device 104, are used, thereby bidirectional current regulation. Device 102 and two-way electricity The adjusting devices 104 each include a discharge adjusting circuit 16 and a charging adjusting circuit 18, and when the number of the discharging adjusting circuit 16 and the charging adjusting circuit 18 is two, the number of the power elements 34, 36 is also two, and each power element 34, 36 each has a first electrical contact P ₁ and a second electrical contact P ₂ , and the two discharge adjustment circuit 16 and the second charge adjustment circuit 18 are electrically connected to the first electrical property of each of the electrical energy components 34 , 36 . The contact point P ₁ and the second electrical contact P ₂ and the third electrical contact P ₃ and the fourth electrical contact P _{4 of the} power device 38 , and the two power elements 34 , 36 can respectively release the leakage current I _L The power device 38 can release the operating current I _R .

As described above, the bidirectional current regulating device 102 and the bidirectional current regulating device 104 of the present invention can each receive the leakage current I _L and output the discharge current I _D , and adjust the flow rate of the leakage current I _L or the discharge current I _D and The discharge current I _D flows into the power device 38, or receives the operating current I _R and outputs the charging current I _C , and adjusts the flow rate of the operating current I _R or the charging current I _C , and causes the charging current I _{C to} flow into the power component 34 and Electrical energy component 36.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, the present invention should be clearly and fully disclosed herein, and those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains can understand The content can be implemented accordingly. Therefore, in the embodiment of the parallel bidirectional current regulating device 30, two sets of bidirectional current regulating devices 102 and bidirectional current regulating devices 104 are listed for use in the electrical energy component 34 and the electrical energy component 36. The technical solution of the power device 38 is described. However, according to the technical idea of the present invention, the parallel bidirectional current regulating device 30 can also be connected in parallel with a plurality of bidirectional current regulating devices 10, and only need to correspond to the same number of electrical components 12 at this time. .

According to the present invention, a parallel bidirectional current regulating device 30 can be applied to two sets of power elements 34 and power elements 36 or more directly in parallel. The power element 34 and the power element 36 can be used in practical applications. The rechargeable battery, therefore, the parallel bidirectional current regulating device 30 can be used in parallel with the battery pack having different rechargeable battery core characteristics. For example, the lithium manganese battery and the lithium iron phosphate battery can be used in parallel without variation in characteristics. If the rated current of any of the power component 34 or the power component 36 exceeds the range of its tolerance, the rechargeable batteries of different capacities can also be used in parallel, for example, 10 ampere and 20 ampere of different rated currents. The batteries can be used in parallel, or the rechargeable batteries in different state of charge capacity can be used in parallel. For example, a fully charged rechargeable battery can be used in parallel with the remaining half of the rechargeable battery.

When the power device 38 uses a motor having a power generation recharging function, even if the rated current of the power device 38 is greater than the rated current of any of the power component 34 or the power component 36, it is not between the power component 34 and the power component 36. When the power component 34 or the power component 36 is overloaded or de-energized due to the difference in capacity or the difference in impedance, and the above-mentioned power component 34 or the power component 36 is used in parallel, even if the vehicle has a large current recharging energy when braking, it can be appropriately allocated to each Electrical energy component 34 or electrical energy component 36.

In addition, for electric vehicles, the riding distance of electric vehicles has a considerable relationship with the capacity of the battery pack, but the battery pack is difficult to move when it is large in size, so the volume and weight that can be extracted by ordinary people will also be limited. According to the standards of the Industrial Bureau, the weight of a 10 kg battery module is the maximum weight limit that can be easily exchanged by the average user. However, because the larger the capacity of the battery module requires more lithium batteries, the relative weight and volume are also heavier and larger. Therefore, if the voyage is required, the power supply device needs to be improved, that is, more than one battery module is needed. .

When more than one battery module is used to supply power to the same power device, since the characteristics of each battery pack are different, it may happen that the module burdens current unevenness or even causes a single module to be overloaded. In order to solve this problem, according to the technical idea of the present invention, For the light electric vehicle to develop the removable parallel lithium battery storage module, the so-called removable parallel lithium battery storage module device is the parallel bidirectional current regulation device 30 of the present invention, which is utilized by the utility model. The ability of the independent modules of the bidirectional current regulating device 102 and the bidirectional current regulating device 104 and the average and stable sharing of the power devices is mainly to improve the limitations imposed by the expansion of the power supply device.

In addition, the modular design of the bidirectional current regulating device 102 and the bidirectional current regulating device 104 of the present invention has the following advantages: when the output power is increased, the module can be directly connected in parallel to achieve the required power output; When a bidirectional current regulating device 102 or a bidirectional current regulating device 104 fails, the module can be quickly replaced to maintain high reliability of the device operation.

As described above, by using the parallel bidirectional current regulating device 30 of the present invention, it is possible to solve the problem that the prior art must ensure the capacity and impedance balance between the parallel power component groups before the power component group (including the overcurrent breaking device) is connected in parallel. In order to ensure that there is no problem of power failure due to uneven distribution of the rated current of the power device.

The present invention is an embodiment of a method, and reference is made to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B to illustrate a schematic diagram of a discharge flow and a charging flow diagram of the bidirectional current regulation method of the present invention, and reference is also made to FIG. 2, as shown in the figure. bidirectional current regulation method of the present invention includes the following steps, S10 reception step leakage current I _L, as shown in step S12 in accordance with a first predetermined current, to adjust the first current I ₁ flow, and the first current I ₁ flows into the power 14, in step S14 receives the second current I _2, as shown in step S16 in accordance with a second predetermined current, to adjust the flow rate of the second current I _2, the current I ₂ and the second element 12 flows into the electric energy.

The bidirectional current regulation method as described above, wherein the first current I ₁ can be outputted from the leakage current I _L to the discharge current I _D , and the second current I ₂ can be output from the operating current I _R to the charging current I _C .

In addition, the flow rates of the leakage current I _L and the charging current I _{C are} adjusted by the first regulating controller 20 controlling the first switch S ₁ , and the discharging current I _D and the operating current I _{R are} controlled by the second regulating controller 22 . The switch S ₂ is adjusted, and the first adjustment controller 20 can determine the number of times of the first switch S ₁ according to the first preset current, and the second adjustment controller 22 can determine the second switch S according to the second preset current. ₂ the number of conduction times.

According to the present invention, when the bidirectional current adjustment method of the present invention is in the discharge state, the charge adjustment circuit 18 can turn on the second switch S2, and when the leakage current I _{L is} smaller than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can increase the number. a switch S ₁ conductance time ratio to increase the flow rate of the output leakage current I _L , when the leakage current I _{L is} greater than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can reduce the on-time ratio of the first switch S ₁ to reduce output leakage current flow _L of I, when the leakage current I _L is equal to a first predetermined current, the first controller 20 may adjust _a constant on-time ratio of the first switch S, at a constant flow rate of the output current leakage _L I.

According to the above, when the bidirectional current adjustment method of the present invention is in a charging state, the discharge adjusting circuit 16 can turn on the first switch S1, and when the charging current I _{C is} smaller than the second preset current, the second adjusting controller 22 can increase the number The second switch S ₂ is on the time ratio, thereby increasing the flow rate of the output charging current I _C. When the charging current I _{C is} greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 can reduce the on-time ratio of the second switch S ₂ to reduce outputting a charging current I _C of the flow rate, when the charging current I _C is equal to a second predetermined current, controller 22 may adjust the second constant on-time ratio of the second switch S _2, the constant output flow of the charging current I _C.

As described above, the bidirectional current adjustment method disclosed in the present invention can be used to protect the power component 12, and therefore, the first regulation controller 20 can withstand the maximum for the power component 12 according to the first preset current. The leakage current I _L is adjusted to reduce the leakage current I _L , so as to prevent the leakage current I _{L of the} power component 12 from exceeding the limit of the rated current of the power component 12 , and the second regulation controller 22 is also applicable according to the second preset current The maximum charging current I _C that the power component 12 can withstand, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the operating current I _R , so that the flow rate of the charging current I _C into the power component 12 does not exceed the limit of the rated current of the power component 12, thereby reducing The electrical energy component 12 is subject to damage or loss of life due to excessive charging and discharging.

In addition, the adjustment method disclosed in the present invention is for adjusting the charging and discharging rated current of the power component 12, however, the adjusting method is only one of the modes listed in the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. In the bidirectional current regulation method disclosed in the present invention, the rated current of the power component 12 and the power device 14 can be simultaneously considered for another adjustment method, and the present invention will be further described below.

The two-way current adjustment method of the present invention can measure the rated current of the power device 14, so that in the discharge state, the charge adjustment circuit 18 can turn on the second switch S2, and when the discharge current I _{D is} smaller than the first preset current, The first adjustment controller 20 can increase the on-time ratio of the first switch S ₁ to increase the flow rate of the output discharge current I _D . When the discharge current I _{D is} greater than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can reduce the first The switch S _{1 is} turned on by a time ratio to reduce the flow rate of the output discharge current I _D . When the discharge current I _D is equal to the first preset current, the first adjustment controller 20 can constant the first switch S ₁ conduction time ratio to a constant output. The flow rate of the discharge current I _D .

In the charging state, the discharge adjusting circuit 16 can make the first switch S1 be turned on, and when the operating current I _{R is} smaller than the second preset current, the second adjusting controller 22 The second switch S ₂ can be increased in the on-time ratio, and the flow rate of the output operating current I _{R is} increased. When the operating current I _{R is} greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller 22 can reduce the on-time ratio of the second switch S ₂ . The flow rate of the output operating current I _{R is} reduced. When the operating current I _R is equal to the second preset current, the second regulating controller 22 can constant the ratio of the on-time of the second switch S ₂ to constantly output the flow rate of the operating current I _R .

In summary, according to another adjustment method of the present invention, the limitation of the rated current of the power device 14 can be adjusted, so that the maximum discharge current that can be accepted by the first adjustment controller 20 for the power device 14 according to the first preset current is utilized. I _D, the flow rate adjustment of the discharge current I _D, the discharge current I _D flowing into the power device 14 does not exceed the flow rate of the rated current limit of the power means 14, while the second controller 22 also may be adjusted in accordance with a second predetermined current for a The maximum operating current I _R that the power device 14 can withstand, and thus the flow rate of the operating current I _R , can be avoided to avoid excessive discharge of the power device 14 , thereby reducing the chance of damage or loss of life of the power device 14 due to excessive charging and discharging.

The bidirectional current regulation method as described above, wherein the leakage current I _L and the operating current I _{R are} adjusted by the first adjustment controller 20 and the second adjustment controller 22 by pulse width modulation technology, and the triggering is performed first. The switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ , the power component 12 is a rechargeable battery, and the power device 14 is an electric, generator or other power network including a power generation or electric power device, for example, including a solar battery system, wind power generation Power system and network of electrical power devices connected to AC power. The first switch S ₁ and the second switch S ₂ are bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors or switched switches.

In summary, the present invention discloses a new technical idea different from the power element protection mode in the past with continuous current monitoring or interrupt cutoff. The present invention can avoid unintended breakage of the bidirectional current regulating device in the application of the power component. Problems such as electrical anomalies to increase the reliability of the bidirectional current regulating device, and the technique of the bidirectional current regulating device according to the present invention shows that when a power component uses, for example, a rechargeable battery, and a power device uses a motor having a power generation recharging function In addition, it can avoid damage to the rechargeable battery caused by the motor charging back to the charger.

The foregoing embodiments of the present invention are disclosed above, but are not intended to limit the invention. The invention is modified and retouched without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The claim of the scope of patents. Please refer to the attached request for the scope of patents defined by the present invention.

10‧‧‧Bidirectional current regulator

12‧‧‧ Electrical components

14‧‧‧Power devices

20‧‧‧First adjustment controller

22‧‧‧Second adjustment controller

24‧‧‧Inductance

C ₁ ‧‧‧first capacitor

C ₂ ‧‧‧second capacitor

S ₁ ‧‧‧first switch

S ₂ ‧‧‧second switch

P ₁ ‧‧‧First electrical contact

P ₂ ‧‧‧second electrical contact

P ₃ ‧‧‧3rd electrical contact

P ₄ ‧‧‧4th electrical contact

I _L ‧‧‧Leakage current

I _R ‧‧‧Working current

I _C ‧‧‧Charging current

I _D ‧‧‧discharge current

D ₁ ‧‧‧First Diode

F ₁ ‧‧‧first forward end

R ₁ ‧‧‧first reverse end

D ₂ ‧‧‧Secondary

F ₂ ‧‧‧second cis end

R ₂ ‧‧‧second reverse end

Claims (26)

A bidirectional current regulating device electrically connecting at least one electrical component and a power device, the electrical component having a first electrical contact and a second electrical contact, the power device having a third electrical contact and a fourth electrical contact, the bidirectional current regulating device includes at least: a discharge adjusting circuit having a first regulating controller electrically connected to the first electrical contact and the second electrical connection a point to receive a first current, and the first adjustment controller is configured to adjust a flow rate of the first current according to a first preset current, and cause the first current to flow into the power device; and a charge adjustment circuit The second adjustment controller is electrically connected to the third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact to receive a second current, and the second adjustment controller is Two preset currents are used to regulate the flow of the second current and cause the second current to flow into the electrical energy component. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 1, wherein the first current system releases a leakage current from the power component, and after the discharge adjusting circuit receives the leakage current, the leakage current can be converted to a discharge current to Discharging the discharge current into the power device, the second current is released by the power device, and after the charging adjustment circuit receives the operating current, the operating current can be converted to a charging current to enable the charging Current flows into the electrical energy component. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 2, further comprising: an inductor electrically connected to the discharge regulating circuit and the charging regulating circuit to store the leakage current and the operating current, and the discharging regulating circuit and the charging adjustment The circuit can self-rotate the leakage current and the operating current into the discharge current and the charging current. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 3, wherein the discharge regulating circuit further comprises: a first switch connected in series with the first electrical contact and the inductor, and electrically connected to the first regulating controller, The first adjustment controller may determine the number of times the first switch is turned on according to the first preset current, thereby adjusting the flow of the leakage current; and the first diode has a first forward end and a first a reverse end, the first forward end is electrically connected between the first switch and the inductor, the first reverse end is electrically connected to the second electrical contact, and the first diode controls the leakage current and the a flow of charging current; and a first capacitor connected in series with the inductor and connected to the power device to receive and store the leakage A current, which in turn provides the discharge current to flow into the power device. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 4, wherein the charging adjustment circuit further comprises: a second switch connected in series with the inductor and electrically connected between the third electrical contact and the first capacitor, and The second switch is electrically connected to the second adjustment controller, and the second adjustment controller can determine the number of conduction times of the second switch according to the second preset current, thereby adjusting the flow of the working current; The pole body has a second forward end electrically connected between the inductor and the second switch, and the second reverse end is electrically connected to the fourth electrical connection a second diode that controls the flow of the operating current and the discharge current; and a second capacitor that is connected in series with the first switch and in parallel with the power component to receive and store the operating current to provide the charging Current flows into the electrical energy component. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 3, wherein the discharge regulating circuit further comprises: a first switch connected in series with the second electrical contact and the inductor, and electrically connected to the first regulating controller, The first adjustment controller may determine the number of times the first switch is turned on according to the first preset current, thereby adjusting the flow of the leakage current; and the first diode has a first forward end and a first In the opposite end, the first forward end is connected in series with the first electrical contact, the first reverse end is connected in series between the first switch and the inductor, and the first diode controls the leakage current and the charging current And a first capacitor electrically connected to the first forward end and connected to the power device to receive and store the discharge current, thereby providing the discharge current to flow into the power device. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 6, wherein the charging adjustment circuit further comprises: a second switch connected in series with the inductor and electrically connected between the fourth electrical contact and the first capacitor, and The second switch is electrically connected to the second adjustment controller, and the second adjustment controller can determine the number of conduction times of the second switch according to the second preset current, thereby adjusting the flow of the working current; The second body has a second forward end electrically connected to the first forward end and the first capacitor, and the second reverse end is electrically connected to the inductor and the second opposite end Between the second switches, the second diode can control the flow of the operating current and the discharge current; and a second capacitor, serially connecting the first switch and paralleling the power component to receive and store the A charging current is provided to provide the charging current to flow into the electrical energy component. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 5 or 7, wherein the charging regulating circuit is capable of turning on the second switch when the discharging regulating circuit is in a discharging state, and when the leakage current is less than the first predetermined current, The first adjustment controller may increase the ratio of the first switch on time, increase the flow rate of the leakage current, and when the leakage current is greater than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller may reduce the first switch to be turned on. The time ratio reduces the flow rate of the leakage current. When the leakage current is equal to the preset current, the first adjustment controller can constant the ratio of the first switch on time to constantly output the flow of the leakage current. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 8, wherein the discharging regulating circuit is configured to turn on the first switch when the charging adjusting circuit is in a charging state, and when the charging current is less than the second preset current, the second The adjustment controller can increase the ratio of the second switch on-time, and increase the flow rate of the output current. When the charging current is greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller can reduce the ratio of the second switch on-time. The flow rate of the output current is reduced. When the charging current is equal to the second preset current, the second regulating controller may constant the ratio of the on-time of the second switch to constantly output the flow of the working current. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 5 or 7, wherein the charging regulating circuit is configured to turn on the second switch when the discharging regulating circuit is in a discharging state, and when the discharging current is less than the first predetermined current, The first adjustment controller may increase the ratio of the first switch on-time, increase the flow rate of the leakage current, and when the discharge current is greater than the preset current, the first adjustment controller may reduce the ratio of the first switch on-time And reducing the flow rate of the leakage current, when the discharge current is equal to the preset current, the first adjustment controller may constant the first switch on-time ratio to constantly output the leakage current flow. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 10, wherein the discharging regulating circuit is configured to turn on the first switch when the charging regulating circuit is in a charging state, and when the operating current is less than the second preset current, the second The adjustment controller can increase the ratio of the second switch on-time, and increase the flow rate of the output current. When the operating current is greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller can reduce the ratio of the second switch on-time. The flow rate of the output current is reduced. When the working current is equal to the second preset current, the second adjustment controller can constant the ratio of the on-time of the second switch to constantly output the flow of the working current. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 11, wherein the first regulating controller and the first The second adjustment controller is configured to trigger the first switch and the second switch in a pulse width modulation technique. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 1, wherein the electrical energy component is a rechargeable battery, and the power device is an electric motor, a generator, a power network, or a combination thereof. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 13, wherein the power network is a solar cell system, a wind power generation system, or a power power device network. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 5 or 7, wherein the first switch and the second open relationship are bipolar transistors, field effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors or switched switches. The bidirectional current regulating device of claim 1, wherein the number of the electrical energy regulating components is two, and each of the electrical energy components has the first electrical quantity. The first electrical contact and the second electrical contact are electrically connected to the first electrical contact and the second electrical contact of the electrical energy component and the power The third electrical contact and the fourth electrical contact of the device, and the two electrical energy components each can release a leakage current. A bidirectional current regulation method includes at least the steps of: receiving a first current, and adjusting a flow of the first current according to a first preset current, and causing the first current to flow into a power device; and receiving a first And a second current, and according to a second preset current, to adjust the flow of the second current, and to cause the second current to flow into an electrical energy component. The bidirectional current regulation method of claim 17, wherein the first current is converted from a leakage current to a discharge current, and the second current is converted from an operating current to a charging current. The bidirectional current regulation method of claim 18, wherein the leakage current and the flow of the operating current are controlled by a first regulating controller and a second regulating controller, respectively, by controlling a first switch and a second switch. Adjusting, and the first adjustment controller may determine the number of times the first switch is turned on according to the first preset current, and the second adjustment controller may determine the number of times the second switch is turned on according to the second preset current . The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 19, wherein in the discharging state, and when the leakage current is less than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller may increase the ratio of the first switch on time to increase Outputting the flow of the leakage current when the leakage current is greater than the first When the current is preset, the first adjustment controller may reduce the ratio of the first switch on-time to reduce the flow rate of the leakage current. When the leakage current is equal to the first preset current, the first adjustment controller may The first switch on-time ratio is constant to constantly output the flow of the leakage current. The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 20, wherein in the charging state, and when the charging current is less than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller may increase the ratio of the second switch on time to increase the output. a flow rate of the charging current, when the charging current is greater than the second predetermined current, the second regulating controller may reduce the ratio of the second switch on-time to reduce the flow rate of the charging current, when the charging current is equal to the The second regulation controller may constant the on-time ratio of the second switch to constantly output the flow rate of the charging current. The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 21, wherein in the discharging state, and when the discharging current is less than the first predetermined current, the first regulating controller may increase the ratio of the first switch on time to increase Outputting a flow rate of the discharge current. When the discharge current is greater than the first preset current, the first adjustment controller may reduce the ratio of the first switch on-time to reduce the flow rate of the discharge current when the discharge current is equal to During the first preset current, the first adjustment controller may constant the first switch on-time ratio to constantly output the flow of the discharge current. The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 22, wherein in the charging state, the first switch is turned on, and when the operating current is less than the second preset current, the second regulating controller can increase the second switch to be turned on. The ratio of time increases the flow rate of the output current. When the working current is greater than the second preset current, the second adjustment controller can reduce the ratio of the second switch on-time and reduce the flow of the output current. When the working current is equal to the second preset current, the second regulating controller may constant the ratio of the on-time of the second switch to constantly output the flow of the working current. The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 23, wherein the leakage current and the operating current adjustment mode are that the first adjustment controller and the second adjustment controller are triggered by a pulse width modulation technique. a switch and the second switch. The bidirectional current regulation method of claim 17, wherein the electrical energy component is a rechargeable battery, and the power device is an electric motor, a generator, or a power network. The bidirectional current adjustment method of claim 20 or 22, wherein the first switch and the second open relationship are a bipolar transistor, a field effect transistor, an insulated gate bipolar transistor, or a switched switch.