CN112883599B - Evaluation method for stamping forming performance of magnesium alloy plate for preparing box-shaped member - Google Patents
Evaluation method for stamping forming performance of magnesium alloy plate for preparing box-shaped member Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
- B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation method for the stamping forming performance of a magnesium alloy plate for preparing a box-shaped member, which comprises the following steps: defining the shape of the box-shaped member, establishing a model, meshing, endowing the plate material with properties, calculating and solving, and defining dangerous parts of the member and evaluating the forming performance of the member. The invention adopts the forming simulation technology to intuitively see the stress field, the strain field, the thickness change and the material flow rule of the material in the forming process, can quickly and accurately find the dangerous part of the component in the forming process, carries out experiments and evaluations on the dangerous part of the component, can judge whether the board meets the forming requirement in advance, omits the processes of die opening, stamping forming experiments and the like, and greatly reduces the development cycle and the cost of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nonferrous metal plate forming processing, in particular to an evaluation method for the stamping forming performance of a magnesium alloy plate for preparing a box-shaped member.
Background
The magnesium alloy has the advantages of light weight, good electronic shielding performance, strong radiation protection and shock absorption capacity, and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of national economy main industries such as aerospace, transportation, 3C electronics, and the like, national defense and military industry, and the like.
The plate stamping process has high yield, and can obtain thin-wall parts and magnesium alloy products with excellent performance, various shapes and excellent surfaces. Because the magnesium alloy has a close-packed hexagonal structure, plastic deformation is difficult, and the technical difficulty exists in the stamping forming of the magnesium alloy plate. Enterprises and research institutions at home and abroad also develop extensive researches on the magnesium alloy stamping forming technology, and make great progress. However, the market share of magnesium alloy sheet material stamping forming members is still low so far, and the annual yield is less than 2000 tons and is far lower than that of steel and aluminum. One of the main reasons is that magnesium alloy forming is difficult, and the standard of magnesium alloy sheet stamping forming are imperfect, and the existing standard and standard cannot intuitively reflect the stamping forming performance of the magnesium alloy sheet, so that a magnesium alloy sheet using enterprise cannot evaluate whether the sheet meets forming requirements, and therefore, the magnesium alloy sheet stamping forming performance is evaluated, and the magnesium alloy sheet stamping forming method has important practical significance for popularization of the magnesium alloy sheet.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an evaluation method for the stamping forming performance of magnesium alloy plates for preparing box-shaped components, and the method can judge whether the plates in corresponding batches meet the component forming requirements.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
An evaluation method of the press forming performance of a magnesium alloy sheet material for preparing a box-shaped member, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing an initial stamping model by adopting professional drawing software according to the shape of the box-shaped member;
(2) Importing the initial stamping model into finite element analysis software, and performing grid division;
(3) Defining mechanical property parameters, forming parameters and evaluation criteria of the plate;
(4) Submitting a solver to analyze, solve and calculate to obtain a component main strain distribution cloud chart, a component secondary strain distribution cloud chart, a thinning rate distribution cloud chart and a porosity distribution cloud chart;
(5) Obtaining deformation conditions of characteristic parts of the box-shaped member according to the calculation result of the step (4), and determining dangerous parts; the box-shaped member characteristic part comprises a flange area, a female die fillet area, a male die fillet area, a straight edge area, a box bottom area and a member fillet area;
(6) And evaluating the characteristic parts of the box-shaped component, wherein a cylindrical part deep drawing forming experiment is adopted to evaluate the flange area, the concave die fillet area, the convex die fillet area, the straight edge area and the box bottom area, and a bulging experiment is adopted to evaluate the component fillet area.
Further, the professional drawing software in the step (1) is one of AUTOCAD, PRO/ENGINEER and UG/NX, SOLIDWORKS, CATIA.
Further, the initial stamping model in the step (1) is a curved surface model comprising a male die, a female die, a blank holder and a blank.
Further, the finite element software in the step (2) is one of DYNAFORM, ABAQUS.
Further, the mechanical performance parameters of the plate in the step (3) comprise: material density, elastic modulus, poisson ratio; the sheet forming parameters include: friction coefficient, forming temperature, blank pressing clearance and concave-convex mould clearance.
Further, the density of the material in the step (3) is 1.78g/cm 3, the elastic modulus is 45GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is 0.35; the forming temperature comprises the temperature of a female die of 200-400 ℃, the temperature of a male die of 200-400 ℃ and the ambient temperature of 20 ℃; friction coefficient 0.05-0.10, blank pressing gap 1.05-1.15t, concave-convex mould gap 1.05-1.15t.
Further, the mechanical property parameters of the plate in the step (3) are obtained by adopting a unidirectional stretching experiment, and the stretching experiment temperature is 25-400 ℃; the evaluation criteria employ a microscopic damage model.
Further, the deformation of the feature of the box-shaped member in the step (5) includes porosity, thinning rate, primary strain and secondary strain of the feature.
Further, the flange area, the die fillet area, the punch fillet area, the straight edge area and the box bottom area in the step (5) are relatively uniformly stressed, and the maximum strain and the thinning position of the non-component are not main failure parts; the stress state of the round corner area of the component is pull-pull, which is the maximum strain and thinning position of the box-shaped component, and is the main failure part of the component, namely the dangerous part.
Further, the step (6) adopts a drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part obtained by a drawing forming experiment of the cylindrical part to be more than the height of the box-shaped member, and adopts a main strain and a secondary strain of the magnesium plate bulging member obtained by a bulging experiment to be more than the main strain and the secondary strain of the box-shaped member respectively, so that the magnesium plate bulging member is judged to be qualified; and (3) judging that the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part obtained by adopting a drawing forming experiment of the cylindrical part is smaller than or equal to the height of the box-shaped member, and or the main strain and the secondary strain of the magnesium plate bulging member are smaller than or equal to the main strain and the secondary strain of the box-shaped member respectively, and judging that the magnesium plate cylindrical part is unqualified.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the stress field, the strain field, the thickness change and the material flow rule of the material in the forming process can be intuitively seen by adopting the forming simulation technology, the dangerous part of the component in the forming process can be rapidly and accurately found, the experiment and the evaluation can be carried out on the dangerous part of the component, whether the board meets the forming requirement can be judged in advance, the processes of die opening, stamping forming experiment and the like are omitted, and the development period and the cost of products are greatly reduced.
2. The evaluation method of the magnesium alloy box-shaped component is clear, and the magnesium alloy plate for the 3C electronic shell is favorable for further standardization.
3. The method for evaluating the magnesium alloy plate fills the blank of the method for evaluating the magnesium alloy plate for stamping forming, provides support for making standards or specifications for the magnesium alloy plate, evaluates the plate with the requirements before delivery, and ensures the quality of products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The invention relates to an evaluation method for the stamping forming performance of a magnesium alloy plate for preparing a box-shaped member, which comprises the following steps: defining the shape of a box-shaped member, establishing a model, meshing, endowing the plate with material properties, calculating and solving, defining dangerous parts of the member and evaluating the forming performance of the member.
The box-shaped component characteristic part comprises a flange area, a female die fillet area, a male die fillet area, a straight edge area, a box bottom area and a component fillet area.
Example 1
(1) The box-shaped member has the shape: length x width x height = 150 x 80 x 10mm, bottom fillet radius R = 5mm; edge fillet r=10mm;
(2) Establishing an initial stamping model (including a convex die, a concave die, a blank pressing ring and a curved surface model of a blank) by adopting AUTOCAD according to the shape of the box-shaped member, introducing ABAQUS software to establish a model, and dividing grids;
(3) Imparting material properties to the sheet: a material stress-strain curve, a plate density of 1.78g/cm 3, a plate thickness of 0.7mm, an elastic modulus of 45GPa, a Poisson's ratio of 0.35, a die temperature of 400 ℃, an ambient temperature of 20 ℃, a friction coefficient of 0.05, a blank pressing gap of 1.10t and a concave-convex die gap of 1.10t; the evaluation criteria adopts a model: a mesoscopic damage model; the material performance parameters are obtained by adopting a unidirectional stretching experiment, and the stretching experiment temperature is 400 ℃;
(4) Submitting a solver to analyze, solve and calculate to obtain a component porosity distribution cloud chart, a thinning rate distribution cloud chart, a main strain distribution cloud chart and a secondary strain distribution cloud chart;
(5) According to the calculation result, comprehensively analyzing the porosity, thinning rate, main strain and secondary strain of the characteristic part of the obtained box-shaped member, determining the round corner area of the member as a dangerous part, wherein the stress state of the member is a pull-pull state, the position of the maximum porosity and thinning rate of the member, and the maximum stress strain and thinning part in the pull-pull state, so that the member is determined to be the main failure part of the box-shaped member, and the maximum main strain and secondary strain of the round corner area of the member are (0.228,0.137);
(6) Under 400 ℃, a cylindrical part drawing experiment is adopted to evaluate the flange area, the die fillet area, the punch fillet area, the straight edge area and the box bottom area of the box-shaped component, the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part is 18 mm or more, and all parts of the cylindrical part are not broken or failed and are judged to be qualified;
(7) Under the condition of 400 ℃, adopting a bulging experiment to evaluate the fillet area of the box-shaped member, and judging that the magnesium plate bulging member is qualified because the bulging piece is not broken or failed due to main strain and secondary strain (0.42,0.25) > (0.228,0.137);
(8) And (3) simultaneously meeting the evaluation requirements of the conditions (6) and (7), and judging that the plate meets the forming requirement of the box-shaped member.
Example 2
(1) The box-shaped member has the shape: length x width x height = 150 x 80 x 15mm, bottom fillet radius R = 5mm; edge fillet r=10mm;
(2) Establishing an initial stamping model by adopting AUTOCAD according to the shape of the box-shaped component, introducing ABAQUS software to establish a model, and dividing grids;
(3) Imparting material properties to the sheet: a material stress-strain curve, a plate density of 1.78g/cm 3, a plate thickness of 0.7mm, an elastic modulus of 45GPa, a Poisson's ratio of 0.35, a die temperature of 200 ℃, an ambient temperature of 20 ℃, a friction coefficient of 0.09, a blank pressing gap of 1.05t and a concave-convex die gap of 1.15t; the evaluation criteria adopts a model: a mesoscopic damage model; the material performance parameters are obtained by adopting a unidirectional stretching experiment, and the stretching experiment temperature is 200 ℃;
(4) Submitting a solver to analyze, solve and calculate to obtain a component porosity distribution cloud chart, a thinning rate distribution cloud chart, a main strain distribution cloud chart and a secondary strain distribution cloud chart;
(5) According to the calculation result, comprehensively analyzing the porosity, thinning rate, main strain and secondary strain of the characteristic part of the obtained box-shaped member, determining that the round corner part of the member is a dangerous part, wherein the stress state is a pull-pull state, is the position of the maximum porosity and thinning rate of the member, and is the maximum stress strain and thinning part in the pull-pull state, so that the main failure part of the box-shaped member is determined, and the maximum main strain and secondary strain of the round corner part of the member are (0.530,0.273);
(6) Under the condition of 200 ℃, a cylindrical part drawing experiment is adopted to evaluate the flange area, the die fillet area, the punch fillet area, the straight edge area and the box bottom area of the box-shaped component, the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part is 14mm and less than 15mm, the cylindrical part is broken and failed, and the failure is judged;
(7) Under the condition of 200 ℃, adopting a bulging experiment to evaluate the fillet area of the box-shaped member, wherein the main strain and the secondary strain (0.405,0.260) of the magnesium plate bulging member are less than (0.530,0.273), and the bulging piece is broken and failed and is judged to be unqualified;
(8) The sheet material is judged not to meet the above-described box member forming requirements.
Example 3
(1) The box-shaped member has the shape: length x width x height = 150 x 80 x 10mm, bottom fillet radius R = 5mm; edge fillet r=10mm;
(2) According to the shape of the box-shaped component, SOLIWORKS is adopted to build an initial stamping model, DYNAFORM software is imported to build the model, and grids are divided;
(3) Imparting material properties to the sheet: a material stress-strain curve, a plate density of 1.78g/cm 3, a plate thickness of 0.7mm, an elastic modulus of 45GPa, a Poisson's ratio of 0.35, a die temperature of 200 ℃, an ambient temperature of 20 ℃, a friction coefficient of 0.10, a blank pressing gap of 1.15t and a concave-convex die gap of 1.05t; the evaluation criteria adopts a model: a mesoscopic damage model; the material performance parameters are obtained by adopting a unidirectional stretching experiment, and the stretching experiment temperature is 200 ℃;
(4) Submitting a solver to analyze, solve and calculate to obtain a component porosity distribution cloud chart, a thinning rate distribution cloud chart, a main strain distribution cloud chart and a secondary strain distribution cloud chart;
(5) According to the calculation result, comprehensively analyzing the porosity, thinning rate, main strain and secondary strain of the characteristic part of the obtained box-shaped member, determining that the round corner part of the member is a dangerous part, wherein the stress state is a pull-pull state, is the position of the maximum porosity and thinning rate of the member, and is the maximum stress strain and thinning part in the pull-pull state, so that the main failure part of the box-shaped member is determined, and the maximum main strain and secondary strain of the round corner part of the member are (0.210,0.137);
(6) Under the condition of 200 ℃, a cylindrical part drawing experiment is adopted to evaluate the flange area, the die fillet area, the punch fillet area, the straight edge area and the box bottom area of the box-shaped component, the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part is 14mm & gt 10mm, and each part of the cylindrical part is not broken or failed, and is judged to be qualified;
(7) Under the condition of 200 ℃, adopting a bulging experiment to evaluate the fillet area of the box-shaped member, and judging that the magnesium plate bulging member is qualified because the bulging piece is not broken or failed due to main strain and secondary strain (0.405,0.260) > (0.210,0.137);
(8) And (3) simultaneously meeting the evaluation requirements of the conditions (6) and (7), and judging that the plate meets the forming requirement of the box-shaped member.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to be limiting. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, other equivalent modifications can be made in light of the technical teaching provided by the present invention, and the present invention can be implemented as the scope of protection.
Claims (7)
1. An evaluation method of the press forming performance of a magnesium alloy sheet material for preparing a box-shaped member, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing an initial stamping model by adopting professional drawing software according to the shape of the box-shaped member;
(2) Importing the initial stamping model into finite element analysis software, and performing grid division;
(3) Defining mechanical property parameters, forming parameters and evaluation criteria of the sheet, wherein the evaluation criteria adopt a microscopic damage model;
(4) Submitting a solver to analyze, solve and calculate to obtain a component main strain distribution cloud chart, a component secondary strain distribution cloud chart, a thinning rate distribution cloud chart and a porosity distribution cloud chart;
(5) Obtaining deformation conditions of characteristic parts of the box-shaped member according to the calculation result of the step (4), and determining dangerous parts; the box-shaped member characteristic part comprises a flange area, a female die fillet area, a male die fillet area, a straight edge area, a box bottom area and a member fillet area; the deformation condition of the characteristic part of the box-shaped member comprises porosity, thinning rate, main strain and secondary strain of the characteristic part; the stress state of the round corner area of the member is pull-pull, and the stress state is the maximum strain and thinning position of the box-shaped member and is a dangerous position;
(6) Evaluating characteristic parts of the box-shaped member, wherein a cylindrical part deep drawing forming experiment is adopted to evaluate a flange area, a female die fillet area, a male die fillet area, a straight edge area and a box bottom area, and a bulging experiment is adopted to evaluate the member fillet area; the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part obtained by adopting a drawing forming experiment of the cylindrical part is more than the height of the box-shaped member, and the main strain and the secondary strain of the magnesium plate bulging member obtained by adopting a bulging experiment are respectively more than the main strain and the secondary strain of the box-shaped member, and the magnesium plate bulging member is judged to be qualified; and (3) judging that the drawing height of the magnesium plate cylindrical part obtained by adopting a drawing forming experiment of the cylindrical part is smaller than or equal to the height of the box-shaped member, and or the main strain and the secondary strain of the magnesium plate bulging member are smaller than or equal to the main strain and the secondary strain of the box-shaped member respectively, and judging that the magnesium plate cylindrical part is unqualified.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the specialized drawing software of step (1) is one of auto cad, PRO/engine, UG/NX, SOLIDWORKS, CATIA.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initial stamping model in the step (1) is a curved surface model including a male die, a female die, a blank holder, and a blank.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the finite element software of step (2) is one of DYNAFORM, ABAQUS.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the mechanical properties of the sheet material in step (3) include: material density, elastic modulus, poisson ratio; the sheet forming parameters include: friction coefficient, forming temperature, blank pressing clearance and concave-convex mould clearance.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the material density in the step (3) is 1.78g/cm 3, the elastic modulus is 45GPa, and the poisson's ratio is 0.35; the forming temperature comprises the temperature of a female die of 200-400 ℃, the temperature of a male die of 200-400 ℃ and the ambient temperature of 20 ℃; friction coefficient 0.05-0.10, blank pressing gap 1.05-1.15t, concave-convex mould gap 1.05-1.15t.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical property parameter of the sheet material in the step (3) is obtained by a unidirectional stretching experiment, and the stretching experiment temperature is 25 ℃ to 400 ℃.
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