CN109702931A - The accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component - Google Patents
The accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component Download PDFInfo
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- CN109702931A CN109702931A CN201910089528.3A CN201910089528A CN109702931A CN 109702931 A CN109702931 A CN 109702931A CN 201910089528 A CN201910089528 A CN 201910089528A CN 109702931 A CN109702931 A CN 109702931A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design methods of area of computer aided large-scale component, including using component object type face as primary tape face, threedimensional model is established according to primary tape face, the cooling for be cooled to from component thermoforming temperatures room temperature to the mold for possessing primary tape face again is simulated, obtain cooling die face, the initial value calculated again using the die face that cools down as subsequent Form springback compensating iterative, the present invention is based on mathematical optimization basic thoughts, determination one is from the closer initial value of optimal solution before the iterative process of component forming springback compensation, then initial value is iterated again, to achieve the purpose that reduce the number of iterations.Compared to directly using component object type face as iterative calculation initial value in a manner of, the present invention can reduce by about 50% the number of iterations, greatly improve solution efficiency, save the quality time of mold design personnel, especially for large-scale component, this advantage is more obvious.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal blank and composite material hot forming manufacturing technology fields more particularly to a kind of area of computer aided
The accurate hot formed die-face design method of large-scale component.
Background technique
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the heat forming processes of metal component and composite element are required to corresponding shaping dies type
Face assigns outer shape to it, and the dimensional accuracy in shaping dies type face is the important leverage of Components Shape dimensional accuracy.It is existing
Die-face design is completed by CAD mostly, and current design method is directly by component at room temperature mostly
Type face of the object type face as shaping dies, and the thermal expansion for having ignored the shaping dies type face under component thermoforming temperatures becomes
Influence of the shape to scantling precision.Type face of the component in hot forming is positioned against the mold under the thermoforming temperatures after thermal deformation
What type face guaranteed, with the increase of scantling, occur when type face of the die face under thermoforming temperatures is compared to room temperature
Thermal deformation is also larger, and especially for aircraft skin, this large-scale component of aircraft wing, length is up to more than ten meters, accordingly
Deformation quantity of the mold between hot forming temperature and room temperature be it is considerable, the influence to scantling precision be can not ignore,
Therefore, a kind of die-face design method of consideration mold thermal deformation is needed to solve this problem in the prior art.
One kind disclosed in Chinese patent 201810739174.8 is used for hot formed springback compensation method, and process includes
Three steps, are respectively as follows:
Step S100: establishing limit element artificial module, after carrying out component creep age forming, obtains creep component；
Step S200: the component outer mold surface after enabling each iterative compensation spring back is that (i=0,1,2,3......, 0 indicates Pi
The rebound type face emulated for the first time), delete die face Mi (i=0,1,2,3......, 0 expression head for currently emulating and using
The die face inputted when secondary emulation, i.e. the object type face of component), the rebound outer mold surface after calculating the creep member springs back
Vertical range the Δ Zij, Δ Zij of each node indicate the rebound of i-th iteration rear part on Pi upper each node to object type face Pgoal
Node j takes the vertical range of vertical range Δ Zij described in each node most to the vertical range of object type face Pgoal on type face
Big value max (Δ Z), judges whether vertical range maximum value max (Δ the Z)≤Engineering Error, if the judging result is
It is that the corresponding current die face Mi of the member springs back outer mold surface Pi as springback compensation die face and is then subjected to step
S300, if the judging result is the die face of otherwise building i+1 time emulation, and repeating said steps S100~
200, until described be judged as YES；
Step S300: component creep age forming mold is established according to the springback compensation die face, to the component
Creep age forming mold carries out mold cooling finite element simulation, obtains rebound thermal expansion die face, and the mold cooling has
Initial temperature is set for the forming temperature of component in the component creep age forming step in limit member emulation and inputs the structure
Temperature lowering curve of the part in the creep age forming step.
But the deficiency of method disclosed in patent 201810739174.8 is: one is step S100 and step
The iteration of S200 often, the other is the amount of repairing a die after step S300, when subsequent tangible mold is repaired a die
Can be larger, increase workload.Specifically, for above-mentioned first deficiency, in 201810739174.8 embodiment of patent
It is described, it is 435.0mm long × 293.7mm wide × 17mm high aluminium alloy element for overall dimensions, needs by 3 times repeatedly
Dai Caineng obtains the die face of coincidence loss requirement.Due to iterating to calculate heavy workload, covered than relatively time-consuming, and for aircraft
At least in 10 meters or more of large-scale component, the every iterative calculation of computer once at least needs this length dimension of skin, aircraft wing
An even longer time time is waited, this will expend mold design personnel a large amount of quality time, consider changing for member springs back
In generation, calculates, and general the number of iterations seriously affects working efficiency at 4~6 times or more.
Therefore, there is still a need for a kind of entity amount of repairing a die is small and can reduce the large-scale component of iterative calculation amount in the prior art
Accurate hot formed die-face design method improves working efficiency to reduce the waiting time of mold design personnel.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component,
To solve the problems, such as to propose in background technique.
A kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component, comprising the following steps:
1) with component object type face S0For mold archetype face B0, the matching of the two bumps, and according to B0Design corresponding three-dimensional
Mold former is B to type face in finite element analysis software0Mold carry out from High-temperature cooling to room temperature cooling simulation, obtain
Mold after to cooling, and extract the type face B of the mold after cooling1, wherein the high-temperature temperature value is corresponding equal to the component
Hot forming holding stage temperature value；
2) with the type face B of the cooling rear mold1As primary tape face, three-dimensional mould model is generated, in three-dimensional mould mould
Hot forming simulation model is established on the basis of type and component raw material, is B in type face1Mold on the basis of to component raw material
First time hot forming simulation is carried out, component initial hot forming type face S is obtained1, calculate component initial hot forming type face S1Each point and structure
Part object type face S0The initial formation error u of each point1, judge the initial formation error u of each point1Whether it is respectively less than or is equal to engineering
The range ε that error allows, if so, with component initial hot forming type face S1Corresponding die face B1It to be obtained as final
The mold targets type face arrived, if it is not, entering step 3；
3) in finite element software, according to SiWith S0Between error size, to component hot forming type face SiCorresponding mold
Type face BiCarry out the calculating of i-th springback compensation, the die face B after obtaining springback compensationi+1As the hot formed mould of i+1 time
Tool type face enters step 4, and (1,2,3 ... n) by the i=；
4) according to die face Bi+1Three-dimensional mould model is generated, on the basis of three-dimensional mould model and component raw material
Hot forming simulation model is established, is B in type facei+1Mold on the basis of to component raw material carry out hot forming simulation, obtain structure
Part hot forming type face Si+1, calculate component hot forming type face Si+1Each point and component object type face S0The form error u of each pointi+1, sentence
The form error u of disconnected each pointi+1Whether respectively less than or equal to the range ε that Engineering Error allows, if so, with component hot forming type
Face Si+1Corresponding die face Bi+1As final obtained mold targets type face, if it is not, then enabling i=i+1, step is returned to
Rapid 3.
The generation of the threedimensional model is completed in the 3D sculpting softwares such as CATIA, ProE or Solid works.
The cooling simulation is completed in the finite element analysis softwares such as ABAQUS, ANSYS or MSC with hot forming simulation.
The component material can be alloy or fiber resin composite material, and the hot forming can be accordingly alloy in hot pressing
The hot-press solidifying forming of creep age forming or fiber resin composite material in autoclave in tank.
The material of the mold can be carbon steel or other structural metallic materials or nonmetal structure material.
The present invention at least has the advantages that
The accurate hot formed die design method of area of computer aided large-scale component of the invention, with mold cooling type face B1Make
For the initial value of iterative calculation, mold cooling type face B1Than mold archetype face B0(i.e. component object type face S0Concave-convex matching
Face) closer to mold targets type face, compared to directly with component object type face S0As the mode of iterative calculation initial value, originally
Invention can reduce by about 50% the number of iterations, greatly improve solution efficiency, save the quality time of mold design personnel,
Especially for large-scale component, this advantage is more obvious.
The present invention is based on mathematical optimization basic thoughts, and to reduce the number of iterations, one of the best way is exactly that can mention
For one from the closer iteration initial value of optimal solution, reasonable iteration initial value is very effective the efficiency of iteration.This
In the method for invention, finite element cooling, which solves, arrives die face B1Process be just to provide the process of reasonable iteration initial value, after
Continuous Form springback iterative compensation process is exactly to seek excellent process.The present invention first the iterative process of component forming and springback compensation it
Then preceding determination one is again iterated initial value from the closer initial value of optimal solution, to reach reduction the number of iterations
Purpose.
Other than objects, features and advantages described above, there are also other objects, features and advantages by the present invention.
Below with reference to figure, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing constituted part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the heat forming processes schematic diagram of component in a mold；
Fig. 1 includes Fig. 1 a and Fig. 1 b, and wherein Fig. 1 a is the status diagram before component hot forming, and Fig. 1 b is component hot forming
Status diagram in the process；
Fig. 2 is the thermal deformation schematic diagram of mold；
Fig. 2 includes Fig. 2 a and Fig. 2 b, and wherein Fig. 2 a is the mold before thermal deformation, and Fig. 2 b is the mold after thermal deformation；
Fig. 3 is the accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component of the preferred embodiment of the present invention
Step logic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be limited according to claim
Fixed and covering multitude of different ways is implemented.
Referring to the accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component of Fig. 3, comprising the following steps:
1) with component object type face S0For mold archetype face B0(i.e. the design value of die face), the matching of the two bumps, and
According to B0Corresponding three-dimensional mould model is designed, is B to type face in finite element software0Mold carry out from High-temperature cooling to room
The cooling simulation of temperature, the mold after being cooled down, and extract the type face B of the mold after cooling1(die face i.e. at room temperature),
Wherein, the high-temperature temperature value is equal to the temperature value of the corresponding hot forming holding stage of the component；
2) with the type face B of the cooling rear mold1As primary tape face, three-dimensional mould model is generated, in three-dimensional mould mould
Hot forming simulation model is established on the basis of type and component raw material, is B in type face1Mold on the basis of to component raw material
First time hot forming simulation is carried out, component initial hot forming type face S is obtained1, calculate component initial hot forming type face S1Each point and structure
Part object type face S0The initial formation error u of each point1, judge the initial formation error u of each point1Whether it is respectively less than or is equal to engineering
The range ε that error allows, if so, with component initial hot forming type face S1Corresponding die face B1It to be obtained as final
The mold targets type face arrived, if it is not, entering step 3；
3) in finite element software, according to SiWith S0Between error size, to component hot forming type face SiCorresponding mold
Type face BiCarry out the i-th springback compensation calculating (deflection sprung back according to release rear part, to die face BiIt carries out
Repairing), obtain Bi+1As the hot formed die face of i+1 time, 4 are entered step, (1,2,3 ... n) by the i=；
4) according to die face Bi+1Three-dimensional mould model is generated, on the basis of three-dimensional mould model and component raw material
Hot forming simulation model is established, is B in type facei+1Mold on the basis of to component raw material carry out hot forming simulation, obtain structure
Part hot forming type face Si+1, calculate component hot forming type face Si+1With component object type face S0The form error u of each point each pointi+1, sentence
The form error u of disconnected each pointi+1Whether respectively less than or equal to the range ε that Engineering Error allows, if so, with component hot forming type
Face Si+1Corresponding die face Bi+1As final obtained mold targets type face, if it is not, then enabling i=i+1, step is returned to
Rapid 3.
Specific implementation process of the invention approximately as:
In the component object type face S for taking component product design0Later, a concave-convex matching (type complete therewith is first designed
The curvature in face and equal sized) mold archetype face B0。
In finite element software, mold archetype face B0, be configured as forming heat preservation high temperature (such as 180 DEG C or
200 DEG C) when corresponding die face, mold cooling type face when it is cooled to room temperature is simulated using finite element analysis software
B1The case where.
Computer simulation is in mold cooling type face B1On put the raw material of component, such as flat aluminium alloy plate,
Or the prepreg of carbon fiber resin composite material, and creep ageing molding is carried out to aluminium sheet, or to carbon fiber resin composite material
Carry out hot-press solidifying.The component of resulting first component initial hot forming type face S at this time1Size does not meet design necessarily generally
Component object type face S0Error requirements, by S1With S0Do data comparison.
According to by S1With S0Deviation situation after doing data comparison comparison carries out repairing a die (i.e. originally for first time computer simulation
Invent the member springs back compensation process), die face B is obtained after repairing a die2, second of simulation component creep forming is carried out later
Process obtains the component hot forming type face S of second component2, by S2With S0Data comparison is done, is so repeated, until producing qualification
Component.Eventually pass through the component S produced after n times repair a die and after the (n+1)th secondary member simulation forming processn+1Size and S0
The error compared then stops iteration, corresponding mold B within allowed bandn+1The as qualified mould of Computer Design out.
Since the simulation that specifically cools down, hot forming simulation (including creep age forming and hot-press solidifying forming) and component return
Playing compensation calculation method is the prior art, therefore is not described in detail again in the present invention.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
1) with component object type face S0For mold archetype face B0, the matching of the two bumps, and according to B0Design corresponding three-dimensional mould
Model is B to type face in finite element analysis software0Mold carry out from High-temperature cooling to room temperature cooling simulation, dropped
Mold after temperature, and extract the type face B of the mold after cooling1, wherein the high-temperature temperature value is equal to the corresponding heat of the component
Shape the temperature value of holding stage；
2) with the type face B of the cooling rear mold1As primary tape face, three-dimensional mould model is generated, in three-dimensional mould model and structure
Hot forming simulation model is established on the basis of part raw material, is B in type face1Mold on the basis of the is carried out to component raw material
Hot forming simulation, obtains component initial hot forming type face S1, calculate component initial hot forming type face S1Each point and component target
Type face S0The initial formation error u of each point1, judge the initial formation error u of each point1Whether it is respectively less than or permits equal to Engineering Error
Perhaps range ε, if so, with component initial hot forming type face S1Corresponding die face B1As final obtained mould
Has object type face, if it is not, entering step 3；
3) in finite element software, according to SiWith S0Between error size, to component hot forming type face SiCorresponding die face
BiIt carries out i-th springback compensation and obtains die face Bi+1, as i+1 time hot formed die face, enter step 4, it is described
(1,2,3 ... n) by i=；
4) according to die face Bi+1Three-dimensional mould model is generated, is established on the basis of three-dimensional mould model is with component raw material
Hot forming simulation model is B in type facei+1Mold on the basis of to component raw material carry out hot forming simulation, obtain component heat
Forming face Si+1, calculate component hot forming type face Si+1Each point and component object type face S0The form error u of each pointi+1, judgement is respectively
The form error u of pointi+1Whether respectively less than or equal to the range ε that Engineering Error allows, if so, with component hot forming type face Si+1
Corresponding die face Bi+1As final obtained mold targets type face, if it is not, i=i+1 is then enabled, return step 3.
2. a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the generation of the threedimensional model is completed in the 3D sculpting softwares such as CATIA, ProE or Solid works.
3. a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the cooling simulation is completed in the finite element analysis softwares such as ABAQUS, ANSYS or MSC with hot forming simulation.
4. a kind of accurate hot formed mold of area of computer aided large-scale component according to any one of claims 1 to 3
Method for designing profile, which is characterized in that the component material is alloy or fiber resin composite material.
5. a kind of accurate hot formed die-face design method of area of computer aided large-scale component according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that, the creep age forming for being thermoformed into aluminium alloy in autoclave or fiber resin composite material are in hot pressing
Hot-press solidifying forming in tank.
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| CN111873481A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-11-03 | 西北工业大学 | Compensation method for composite material forming resilience and die with adjustable forming surface |
| CN112733291A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中南大学 | Accurate compensation method for mold surface of complex curvature curved surface |
| CN113306051A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for determining molded surface of forming die for curing composite material member |
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