CN111521498A - Metal plate paint brush line strain limit testing method and testing device - Google Patents
Metal plate paint brush line strain limit testing method and testing device Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 241000870659 Crassula perfoliata var. minor Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for testing the strain limit of a metal plate paint brush wire; the test method comprises the following steps: subjecting the test sheet metal to strain of1Pre-stretching; polishing the surface of the test metal plate until the convex part of the surface is bright; visually observing the surface of the metal plate, and evaluating by contrasting a map; if rated as 1 or 2, the pre-tensile strain is increased to2,2Relative to1Increase by 1% or 2%, increasing the pre-stretching strain continuouslynDetermining the paint brush line strain limit of the metal plate until the grade is 3 or 4n‑1. The method can quantitatively measure the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate, and the obtained strain limit of the paint brush line can be directly used as a simulation in the design stage and the stamping simulation analysis stage of the external covering partAnd the true failure judgment condition parameters are used for judging whether the outer covering piece can generate a paint brush line or not and whether the surface quality of the outer covering piece can be influenced or not, so that the dimension and the precision of stamping analysis of the outer covering piece are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material performance testing and evaluation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for testing the strain limit of a metal plate paint brush line.
Background
Under the trend of light weight of automobiles, the application proportion of light alloy materials such as aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy and various high-strength steels on automobiles is continuously increased, and automobile factories and raw material suppliers need to perform related performance evaluation on the materials.
When the material is applied to the automobile outer covering part, in addition to the traditional tensile strength, yield strength and elongation, the linear performance of the paint brush is an important investigation performance of the metal plate material for the automobile outer covering part, and whether the paint brush line exists in the metal plate material or not and the paint brush line generated when the strain is reached can influence the surface quality of the outer covering part are all required to be mastered when the material is designed and selected for the outer covering part.
The existing national standard method for evaluating the linear energy of the paint brush has certain limitations: the existing paint brushing line performance testing method adopts fixed pre-stretching strain, simply judges whether a tested metal plate is qualified or unqualified by surface observation after grinding stone polishing, cannot represent the paint brushing linear performance of the metal plate quantitatively, cannot effectively distinguish various metal plates on the paint brushing linear performance indexes, and cannot judge whether paint brushing affects the surface quality under the actual strain state or not when an external covering part is designed and subjected to stamping analysis.
Patent document 1(CN201464303U) provides a short-flow preparation method of a 6XXX series aluminum alloy vehicle body plate without a paint brush line, which comprises the steps of firstly, smelting and casting pure aluminum and various intermediate alloys according to a ratio to obtain an ingot; homogenizing the cast ingot, cooling to the initial rolling temperature after homogenizing, starting hot rolling after heat preservation, controlling the outlet temperature of hot finish rolling to be 320-360 ℃, the last-pass strain rate to exceed 40s < -1 >, and the total reduction rate of hot finish rolling to exceed 77%; then, after the hot rolled plate is cooled to room temperature, the hot rolled plate is directly cold rolled to be the thickness of a finished plate, and the cold rolling reduction rate is controlled to be 30-70% in the cold rolling process; and finally, carrying out solid solution and water quenching treatment on the cold-rolled sheet, and then carrying out pre-aging treatment to obtain a finished sheet. The scheme of the invention shortens the production period of the plate, improves the production efficiency, reduces the energy consumption and the production cost of the plate, and the obtained plate has no paint brushing on the surface, good mechanical property and better suitability for automobile body covering parts.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for testing the strain limit of a paint brush line of a metal plate, aiming at quantitatively characterizing and evaluating the maximum strain limit of the metal plate, which can keep the paint brush line, through testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate, and distinguishing the advantages and the disadvantages of the metal plate, at the same time, directly using the maximum strain limit as a simulation failure judgment condition parameter in an outer covering part design stage and a stamping simulation analysis stage, and judging whether the paint brush line is generated by the outer covering part or not by combining the strain state of an aluminum plate, and whether the generated paint brush line influences the surface quality of the outer covering part, thereby not only improving the analysis dimension and the precision of the stamping analysis of the outer covering part, but also helping to reasonably select materials in the design stage and avoiding a larger strain state.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for testing the strain limit of a painted wire of a metal plate, which comprises the following steps: subjecting the test sheet metal to strain of1Pre-stretching; will be provided withThe test metal plate is horizontally placed on the workbench; applying a sufficient amount of lubricating oil to the surface of the test sheet metal; installing a certain-granularity oilstone or grindstone with a hard plane on a polishing device; moving down the polishing device to enable the test metal plate to be in contact with the surface of the oilstone or the grindstone, and simultaneously applying a certain pressure F to ensure that the test metal plate is always attached in the polishing process; starting a polishing device, starting the oilstone or the grindstone to reciprocate left and right, and polishing the surface of the test metal plate until the protruding part of the surface of the test metal plate is bright; observing the surface of the metal plate by visual observation, and evaluating by contrasting a map; if the paint brush wire rating is 1 or 2, the pre-tension strain of the test sheet metal is increased to2(2Relative to1Increase by 1% or 2%) and repeat the above process; by increasing the pre-tension strain of the test sheet metalnRepeating the above process until the grade is 3 or 4, and determining the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal platen-1。
The grade of the paint brush line is rated according to the national standard GB/T33227.
A testing device for the strain limit of a metal plate paint brush line comprises a polishing device and a testing metal plate;
the polishing device comprises a fixed rod, a lower platform, a grinding stone, an upper platform and a press head; the test metal plate is fixed on the lower platform through a fixing rod; the grindstone is embedded in the groove of the upper platform, and two ends of the grindstone are screwed and fixed through bolts; the upper platform is connected with a press head of the compression equipment through a bolt and is used for transmitting the downward force and the left-right reciprocating motion force of the press.
Optionally, the sheet metal pre-tension strain is testednThe range is 2% -25%, and the pre-stretching strain can be increased by 1-2% each time.
Alternatively, the grindstone may be replaced with an oilstone. The oilstone or grindstone has a hard plane and a particle size of F320.
Optionally, the pressure range of ensuring that the oilstone or the grindstone is always attached to the test metal plate is as follows: 5 ~ 20N, pressure should not too big, prevents that great mar from appearing in the sample surface, influences the judgement.
Optionally, the lower platform is provided with a preset threaded hole, and the lower platform is connected with the fixing rod through threads to fix the test metal plate on the lower platform.
Optionally, one side of the upper platform is provided with a groove for embedding oilstones or grindstones; threaded holes are preset on two sides of the upper platform and used for fixing the oilstone or the grindstone without falling off or moving.
Optionally, the bottom of the upper platform is provided with a threaded hole and is connected with a press head, and the compression equipment drives the polishing device through the press head to perform downward pressing and left-right reciprocating polishing. .
Alternatively, the left-right reciprocating sanding period is set to 1 cycle to 2 cycles/second.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate can quantitatively test the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate, and when the performance of the paint brush line of the metal plate is evaluated, compared with the conventional evaluation method which simply judges whether the sheet metal is qualified or unqualified by depending on the fixed pre-stretching strain, the method quantifies the performance of the paint brush wire of the sheet metal in the dimension of the strain limit of the paint brush wire, the obtained strain limit of the paint brush wire can be directly used as a simulation failure judgment condition parameter in the design stage and the stamping simulation analysis stage of the outer covering part, and whether the paint brush wire can be generated by the outer covering part and whether the generated paint brush wire can influence the surface quality of the outer covering part or not is judged by combining the strain state of the aluminum plate, therefore, the analysis dimension and the precision of the stamping analysis of the outer cover part are improved, reasonable material selection is facilitated in the design stage, and meanwhile, a large strain state is avoided.
In addition, the pre-stretching strain applied to the metal sheet is within the range of 2-25%, and all strain degrees in the stamping process of various metal sheet parts are ensured to be covered.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for testing a paint brush line strain limit of a metal plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for testing the strain limit of a paint brush wire as a carrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a photograph of a first paint brush line in a grading map for rating determination according to the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a photograph of a second paint brush line profile in a grading map for rating determination according to the present invention;
FIG. 3c is a photograph of a three-level paint brush line profile in a grading map for rating determination according to the present invention;
FIG. 3d is a four-level paint brush line shape picture in a grading map for rating determination according to the present invention;
wherein: 1. a lower platform; 2. fixing the rod; 3. testing the metal plate; 4. oilstones or grindstones; 5. an upper platform; 6. and (5) pressing the machine head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The flow of the method for testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method for testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate provided by the embodiment of the invention; the method comprises the following steps:
s101, straining the test metal plate into1Pre-stretching; flatly placing on a workbench and fixing;
s102, coating lubricating oil on the surface of a tested metal plate, and keeping the surface of the tested metal plate attached to an oilstone or a grindstone arranged on a grinding device through a certain pressure F;
referring to FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing strain limit of a paint brush wire as a carrier according to the present invention;
s103, starting a polishing device, enabling an oil stone or a grinding stone to start to reciprocate left and right, and polishing the surface of the test metal plate until the convex part on the surface of the test metal plate is bright;
s104, testing the surface of the metal plate through visual observation, and evaluating by referring to a map;
referring to fig. 3a, fig. 3b, fig. 3c, and fig. 3d, the photographs of the one-to-four levels of paint brush line shapes in the grading map for rating determination according to the present invention are shown.
S105, judging: if rated as grade 1 or 2, the pre-tensile strain of the test sheet metal is increased to2(2Slightly larger than1) And repeating the above process; by increasing the pre-tension strain of the test sheet metalnAnd repeating the above process until the rating is 3 or 4;
the grade of the painting line is 1 grade, 2 grade, 3 grade and 4 grade from good to bad; with the increase of the pre-stretching strain of the material, the rating of the paint brush line is inevitably reduced from 1 grade to 2 grade, then to 3 grade, then to 4 grade and even worse.
In the above ratings, only the rating of the paint brush line of the 1 st and 2 nd can satisfy the surface use requirement of the outer cover of the automobile, and therefore, the 2 nd is used as a standard in the present method, and when the rating of the paint brush line is 1 st or 2 nd, the pretension strain is continuously increased, and when the rating of the paint brush line is 3 rd or 4 th, it is indicated that the strain limit of the paint brush line has been exceeded.
S106, determining the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate at the momentn-1。
In step S101, the pre-stretching strain range of the tested metal plate is 2% -25%, and the pre-stretching strain of the strain can be increased by 1-2% each time; the test metal plate is fixed on the workbench through the fixing rod, and play is prevented.
In step S102, the lubricating oil is sufficiently applied, the oilstone or the grindstone has hard planes and the particle size is F320; the oilstone or the grindstone is embedded in the groove of the polishing device and is fixed by bolts at two sides, so that the oilstone or the grindstone is prevented from falling off or moving; the pressure range of ensuring that the oilstone or the grindstone is always attached to the test metal plate is as follows: 5 ~ 20N, pressure should not too big, prevents that great mar from appearing in the sample surface, influences the judgement.
In step S103, the left-right reciprocating polishing period may be set to 1 cycle to 2 cycles/second;
in step S105, the rating of the paint brush line level is performed according to the national standard GB/T33227, namely:
grade of paint brush wire | Surface topography |
First stage | No white stripes are evident along the width direction, and a typical surface topography is shown in FIG. 3a |
Second stage | There are discontinuous white stripes along the width direction, and a typical surface topography is shown in FIG. 3b |
Three-stage | There are a few white stripes running through along the width, and a typical surface topography is shown in FIG. 3c |
Four stages | There are a large number of white stripes running through along the width, and a typical surface topography is shown in FIG. 3d |
The rating of the paint line rating is best at level 1, second at level 2, second at level 3, and worst at level 4; while class 3 has not met the use requirements for exterior surfaces of automotive panels. The 4 grades were visualized by "low power microscope observation of the outer surface of the curved part and against the map.
In step S106, the obtained strain limit of the paint brush line can be directly used as a parameter of a simulation failure determination condition in the design stage and the stamping simulation analysis stage of the outer covering member, and in combination with the strain state of the aluminum plate, it is determined whether the outer covering member will generate the paint brush line, and whether the generated paint brush line will affect the surface quality of the outer covering member, thereby not only improving the analysis dimension and precision of the stamping analysis of the outer covering member, but also helping to select a reasonable material in the design stage, and avoiding a large strain state.
[ examples ] A method for producing a compound
1) Prestretching the test metal plate 3 with strain of 10%; and the test metal plate 3 is horizontally placed on the lower platform 1, fixed by the fixing rod 2, prevented from moving and coated with sufficient lubricating oil on the surface.
2) Selecting an oilstone or a grindstone 4 with a hard plane and a granularity of F320, embedding the oilstone or the grindstone in the groove of the upper platform 5, and fixing the oilstone or the grindstone by bolts at two sides to ensure that the oilstone or the grindstone does not fall off or move;
3) starting the grinding device, driving the upper platform 5 and the oilstone or the grindstone to move downwards by the press head 6, and applying a pressure of 15N downwards to ensure that the oilstone or the grindstone 4 is always attached to the test metal plate 3; then, the pressing machine head 6 drives the upper platform 5 and the oilstone or the grindstone 4 to start to move left and right in a reciprocating mode, the surface of the test metal plate 3 is polished, the left and right reciprocating polishing period is set to be 1 cycle/second, and the polishing process is carried out until the protruding parts on the surface of the test metal plate 3 are bright;
4) observing and testing the surface of the metal plate 3 through a low-power microscope, and evaluating by referring to a map;
5) and (3) judging: if rated on a 1 or 2 or higher scale, the pre-tensile strain of the test sheet metal 3 is increased
Adding to 11%, and repeating the above process; the above process is repeated by increasing the pretension strain of the sheet metal until the rating is 3 or 4 or below 3. The pre-stretching strain in this example ranged from 10% to 25% mm with a 1% separation.
6) The strain limit of the paint line is confirmed asn-1。
In this example, the initial paint brush wire pre-stretching strain1The value is 10%,2the value is 11%, the pre-stretching strain is increased by 1% at intervals, and according to the rating of the grade of the paint brush line (national standard GB/T33227), when the pre-stretching strain is 21%, the rating of the paint brush line is reduced to 3 grades, so that the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate is determined to be 20%.
When the grade of the appearance of the painted line of the plate is 3 or 4, the use requirement of the outer surface of the automobile plate is not met, and the use requirement of the outer surface of the automobile can be met only when the grade is 1 or 2. Therefore, of all the pretension strains satisfying the rating level 1 or 2, the maximum pretension strain is determined as the paint brush wire strain limit of the metal sheet.
Various aluminum plates are imported and made in China, and have great performance difference. Some paintwire strain limits may be 12%, some may be 18%, and some may be 23%.
In the test samples of the examples of the present invention, the paint brush line strain limit was 20%, but the limit that does not represent a better performing aluminum plate would not exceed 20%, but the paint brush line strain limit would not generally exceed 25%.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing the strain limit of a metal plate paint brush line is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, straining the test metal plate into1Pre-stretching; flatly placing on a workbench and fixing;
s102, coating lubricating oil on the surface of a tested metal plate, and keeping the surface of the tested metal plate attached to an oilstone or a grindstone arranged on a grinding device through a certain pressure F;
s103, starting a polishing device, enabling an oil stone or a grinding stone to start to reciprocate left and right, and polishing the surface of the test metal plate until the convex part on the surface of the test metal plate is bright;
s104, testing the surface of the metal plate through visual observation, and evaluating by referring to a map;
s105, judging: if the paint brush wire rating is 1 or 2, the pre-tension strain of the test sheet metal is increased to2, 2Relative to1Increase by 1% or 2% and repeat the above process; by increasing the pre-tension strain of the test sheet metalnAnd repeating the above process until the rating is 3 or 4;
s106, determining the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate at the momentn-1。
2. The method for testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
testing pre-stretching strain of metal sheetnThe range is 2% -25%, and the pre-stretching strain is increased by 1-2% each time.
3. The method for testing the strain limit of the paint brush line of the metal plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the grade of the paint brush line is rated according to the national standard GB/T33227.
4. The utility model provides a sheet metal lacquer brush line strain limit's testing arrangement which characterized in that: the method comprises a polishing device and a test metal plate;
the polishing device comprises a fixed rod, a lower platform, a grinding stone, an upper platform and a press head;
the test metal plate is fixed on the lower platform through a fixing rod;
the grindstone is embedded in the groove of the upper platform, and two ends of the grindstone are screwed and fixed through bolts;
the upper platform is connected with a press head of the compression equipment through a bolt and is used for transmitting the downward force and the left-right reciprocating motion force of the press.
5. The device for testing the strain limit of the paint brush wire of the metal plate as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the grindstone may be replaced with an oilstone, the grindstone or oilstone having a hard flat surface and a grain size of F320.
6. The device for testing the strain limit of the paint brush wire of the metal plate as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the pressure range of ensuring that the oilstone or the grindstone is always attached to the test metal plate is as follows: 5 to 20N.
7. The device for testing the strain limit of the paint brush wire of the metal plate as claimed in claim 6, wherein:
the lower platform is provided with a preset threaded hole, and the lower platform is connected with the fixed rod through threads to fix the test metal plate on the lower platform.
8. The apparatus for testing the strain limit of a paint brush wire for metal plates as claimed in claim 7, wherein:
one side of the upper platform is provided with a groove for embedding oilstones or grindstones; threaded holes are preset on two sides of the upper platform and used for fixing the oilstone or the grindstone without falling off or moving.
9. The apparatus for testing the strain limit of a paint brush wire for metal plates as claimed in claim 8, wherein:
the bottom of the upper platform is provided with a threaded hole and is connected with a press head, and the compression equipment drives the grinding device through the press head to perform downward pressing and left-right reciprocating grinding. .
10. The apparatus for testing the strain limit of a paint brush wire for metal plates as claimed in claim 9, wherein:
the left-right reciprocating grinding period is set to be 1 cycle to 2 cycles/second.
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CN202010438753.6A CN111521498A (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Metal plate paint brush line strain limit testing method and testing device |
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CN112883599B (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2024-05-03 | 中铝材料应用研究院有限公司 | Evaluation method for stamping forming performance of magnesium alloy plate for preparing box-shaped member |
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