CN109933925A - A kind of stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal - Google Patents
A kind of stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109933925A CN109933925A CN201910207354.6A CN201910207354A CN109933925A CN 109933925 A CN109933925 A CN 109933925A CN 201910207354 A CN201910207354 A CN 201910207354A CN 109933925 A CN109933925 A CN 109933925A
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Abstract
This application involves vehicle sheet stamping forming field of measuring technique more particularly to a kind of stamping formabilily prediction techniques of sheet metal, this method comprises: preparing the axial tension exemplar of sheet metal；The material property for measuring the axial tension exemplar obtains the material parameter and simulation parameter of sheet metal；Forming limit simulation model is constructed according to the material parameter and the simulation parameter；Emulation is carried out to the sheet metal according to the forming limit simulation model and obtains forming limit simulation value；Obtain the forming limit measured value of sheet metal；The forming limit simulation model is corrected according to the true error value of the forming limit simulation value and the forming limit measured value between the two, until the true error value is less than or equal to default error threshold, and obtains forming limit simulation standard model.The Accurate Prediction of the stamping formabilily of sheet metal part may be implemented in the application.
Description
Technical field
This application involves the stamping of vehicle sheet stamping forming field of measuring technique more particularly to a kind of sheet metal
Performance prediction method.
Background technique
With automotive field aggravation with keen competition, designing and developing for new model is with rapid changepl. never-ending changes and improvements, corresponding automotive body sheet
The shape of material part is also increasingly sophisticated, automobile metal plate part forming accuracy standard is continuously increased, and still, shape is increasingly multiple
Miscellaneous automobile metal plate part can have biggish problem of Cracking during practical punching production.Therefore it needs by emulation
The stamping formabilily of technological prediction automobile metal plate part.
Automobile metal plate part is influenced by the multiple performance parameter of material in stamping, such as: respectively to different
Property, stress-strain relation, elasticity modulus are with variation of strain etc.；Automobile is predicted by the emulation technology based on multiple performance parameter
The stamping formabilily of sheet metal part can reduce development cost, improve production efficiency, improve production stability.
But present inventor is in realizing the embodiment of the present application during inventive technique scheme, and discovery is by emulation skill
The stamping formabilily of art prediction automobile board part, which exists, " if simulation model accuracy is inadequate, will affect press formability
The prediction effect of energy, and then cause the forecasting accuracy of stamping formabilily that cannot be guaranteed " the problem of.
Apply for content
The embodiment of the present application is by providing a kind of stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal, to realize metal plate
The Accurate Prediction of the stamping formabilily of material part.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of stamping formabilily prediction side of sheet metal
Method, which comprises prepare the axial tension exemplar of sheet metal；The material property for measuring the axial tension exemplar obtains
The material parameter and simulation parameter of sheet metal；Mould is emulated according to the material parameter and simulation parameter building forming limit
Type；Emulation is carried out to the sheet metal according to the forming limit simulation model and obtains forming limit simulation value；Obtain metal
The forming limit measured value of plate；According to the forming limit simulation value and the forming limit measured value between the two true
Error amount corrects the forming limit simulation model, until the true error value is less than or equal to default error threshold, and obtains
Forming limit simulation standard model.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein it is preferred, it is described to prepare sheet metal
Axial tension exemplar, specifically include: preparation 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° of three directions roll stretching exemplar.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein preferred, the simulation parameter packet
It includes: the first relation function of the true strain relationship of the elasticity modulus and sheet metal of reacting metal plate, reacting metal plate
Second relation function of trus stress and the true strain relationship of sheet metal.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein preferred, the acquisition elasticity of response
First relation function of modulus and true strain relationship, specifically includes: carrying out multiaxial strain stretching-to the axial tension exemplar and unloads
Experiment is carried, the first curve of reaction true strain and trus stress relationship is obtained；Determine sheet metal not according to first curve
With the first elastic mould value being respectively provided under the first true strain；It is really answered according to different first true strain and each described first
Become corresponding first elastic mould value and obtains first relation function.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein it is preferred, it is described according to described first
Curve obtains the elastic mould value that sheet metal is respectively provided under different true strain, specifically includes: determining first curve
First resilient deformation section of upper variant first true strain of correspondence；Determine that the slope of each first resilient deformation section is variant
Corresponding first elastic mould value of first true strain.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein it is preferred, it is described according to difference
First true strain and corresponding first elastic mould value of each first true strain obtain first relation function, specifically
It include: to carry out decaying to each first true strain and corresponding each first elastic mould value of each first true strain to refer to
Number Function Fitting.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein preferred, the acquisition reaction is really answered
Second relation function of power and true strain relationship, specifically includes: carrying out unidirectional strained tensile-unloading to the axial tension exemplar
Experiment obtains the second curve of reaction true strain and trus stress relationship；Determine that meeting on second curve recklessly can law
Second resilient deformation section；Second relation function is determined according to second resilient deformation section.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein it is preferred, it is described according to described second
Resilient deformation section determines second relation function, specifically includes: unidirectionally being strained according to second resilient deformation section determination
Each second trus stress and the second true strain corresponding with each second trus stress of sheet metal are applied to when stretching；By each institute
It states the second trus stress and each second true strain carries out linear function and is fitted to obtain second relation function.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein preferred, the material parameter packet
It includes: sheet metal coefficient of friction.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein preferred, the measurement axial direction
The material property for stretching exemplar obtains sheet metal coefficient of friction, specifically includes: carrying out sheet metal using frictional testing machine
Sheet metal PVvalue testing.
The stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described above, wherein it is preferred, it is described until described be really
Error amount is less than or equal to after default error threshold, further includes: is carried out according to the forming limit simulation standard model to be punched
The stamping simulation of part, and export press formability prediction result.
The embodiment of the present application by constructing forming limit simulation model according to material parameter and simulation parameter, according to it is described at
Shape limit simulation model carries out emulation and obtains forming limit simulation value, then according to the forming limit simulation value and the forming
The true error value of limit measured value between the two corrects the forming limit simulation model, until the true error value is less than
Equal to default error threshold, and forming limit simulation standard model is obtained, the final forming limit that obtains is effectively guaranteed and emulates
The accuracy of master pattern, and then the Accurate Prediction of the stamping formabilily of sheet metal may be implemented.
Above description is only the general introduction of technical scheme, in order to better understand the technological means of the application,
And it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to allow above and other objects, features and advantages of the application can
It is clearer and more comprehensible, below the special specific embodiment for lifting the application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stamping formabilily prediction technique flow diagram of sheet metal provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is high-strength steel 590DP repeated loading-unloading load-deformation curve in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the matched curve of elastic modulus change under high-strength steel 590DP repeated loading in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the more strained tensile stress-strain diagrams of high-strength steel DP590；
Fig. 5 is the stress strain curve of high-strength steel DP590 simple tension；
Fig. 6 is that the FLC of high-strength steel DP590 material shapes test result.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides, and will affect punching if simulation model accuracy is inadequate to solve in the prior art
The technical issues of prediction effect of pressing formation performance, the forecasting accuracy of stamping formabilily can not be guaranteed.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, technical solution general thought provided by the present application is as follows:
By constructing forming limit simulation model according to material parameter and simulation parameter, mould is emulated according to the forming limit
Type carries out emulation and obtains forming limit simulation value, then according to the forming limit simulation value and the forming limit measured value two
True error value between person corrects the forming limit simulation model, until the true error value is less than or equal to default error
Threshold value, and forming limit simulation standard model is obtained, the final standard for obtaining forming limit simulation standard model is effectively guaranteed
Exactness, and then the Accurate Prediction of the stamping formabilily of sheet metal may be implemented.
Technical scheme is described in detail below by attached drawing and specific embodiment, it should be understood that the application
Specific features in embodiment and embodiment are the detailed description to technical scheme, rather than to present techniques
The restriction of scheme, in the absence of conflict, the technical characteristic in the embodiment of the present application and embodiment can be combined with each other.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the stamping formabilily prediction technique flow diagram of one of embodiment of the present invention sheet metal, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, which comprises
Step 110: preparing the axial tension exemplar of sheet metal；
Further, the processing that dog bone stretches exemplar is carried out according to standard GB/T/T228.1-2010, takes three to roll
Direction processed, respectively 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °.
Step 120: the material property of the measurement axial tension exemplar obtains the material parameter and emulation ginseng of sheet metal
Number；
Specifically, the true strain that the simulation parameter includes: the elasticity modulus and sheet metal of reacting metal plate is closed
Second relation function of the true strain relationship of the first relation function of system, the trus stress of reacting metal plate and sheet metal；Institute
Stating material parameter includes: sheet metal coefficient of friction.
It is rolled due to being directed to dog bone exemplar in step 110 from 0 °, 45 ° and 90 °, so carrying out axial tension exemplar
When material properties test, three rolling directions is also wanted to carry out respectively, obtains the material parameter and emulation of corresponding each rolling direction
Parameter.Need 0 ° of rolling direction of the true strain relationship of the elasticity modulus for obtaining reacting metal plate and sheet metal, 45 ° roll
The first relation function, the trus stress of reacting metal plate and the true strain of sheet metal of direction processed, 90 ° of rolling directions are closed
0 ° of rolling direction of system, 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction the second relation function；0 ° of rolling direction of sheet metal
, coefficient of friction of 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction.
(1) specifically, to obtain 0 ° of rolling by more strained tensile unloading tests and the data fitting of three rolling direction
Direction, 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction the first relation function.
Due to 0 ° of rolling direction, the preparation method phase of 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction the first relation function
Seemingly, it only elaborates below to its principle, specific as follows:
Exemplar is stretched to dog bone in 0 ° of rolling direction and carries out " more strained tensile-unloading tests " on cupping machine,
0.02 is divided between true strain, until true strain is 0.08.Then " power-displacement " value of acquisition is converted to " trus stress-is really answered
Become ".
Vivid explanation is carried out by taking high-strength steel DP590 (0 ° of rolling direction) as an example.More strains that Fig. 2 is high-strength steel DP590 are drawn
Stretch stress-strain diagram (along rolling direction).
Fig. 2 is high-strength steel 590DP repeated loading-unloading load-deformation curve, represents the high-strength steel to 0 ° of rolling direction
DP5905 application true strain, after applying true strain every time, elastic deformation first occurs for high-strength steel DP590, trus stress with really answer
Relationship between change first meets Hooke's law and changes linearly, until deformation is irrecoverable, the pass between trus stress and true strain
Curved line relation is presented in system.For 5 load true strain shown in Fig. 2, (5 true strain is respectively 0,0.02,0.04,0.06 and
0.08) slope of the linear data segment of Shi Fanying high-strength steel DP590 flexible deformation measures, linear data segment
Slope represent every time load this sheet metal of high-strength steel DP590 elasticity modulus, and then obtain 5 elastic mould values and with it is each
The corresponding true strain of a elastic mould value.It is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1 distinguishes true strain and the elastic mould value of 5 loads
| Serial number | True strain | Elastic mould value E |
| 1 | 0 | 204.971 |
| 2 | 0.01745 | 165.825 |
| 3 | 0.03421 | 167.401 |
| 4 | 0.05066 | 163.94 |
| 5 | 0.06694 | 164.896 |
5 class values are plotted in an icon table, 5 scatterplots are obtained.Hereafter E=E is used0-(E0-Esat)[1-exp(-ξ
ε)] fitting formula；(wherein E0It is experimental measurements for the initial elasticity modulus of material；EsatFor elasticity modulus saturation value, pass through
Formula fitting obtains；ξ is material constant, is obtained for formula fitting；ε is strain value, to repeated loading process Elastic Modulus
Changing rule is fitted, and obtains matched curve, so as to obtain EsatValue.It can be to " springform by mathematical tool software
The relationship of amount-true strain " is fitted, and obtains fitting formula.Fig. 3 is to 53 points to the result being fitted.
It is below the specific value of the fitting result of mathematical tool:
B=251.6 (- 377.1,880.3)
Goodness of fit:
SSE:6.365
R-square:0.9949
Adjusted R-square:0.9932
RMSE:1.457
Finally, match value and experimental measurements are compared, to verify the validity of fitting formula.It is as shown in Table 2
For the parameter specific value of formula, and the fitting degree of correlation, illustrate that degree of fitting is fine.
The degree of correlation of 2 match value of table
| The trade mark | E0 | Esat | ξ | The degree of correlation |
| DP590 | 204.971 | 165.4 | 251.6 | 0.9937 |
Above example is can to obtain other two by taking the unloading of more strained tensiles of the rolling direction of DP590 as an example with this
The strain of the material in a direction and elasticity modulus relationship and corresponding fitting formula.To obtain three directions strain with
The fitting formula of elasticity modulus:
E10=E0-(E0-Esat) [1-exp (- ξ ε)] (along rolling direction) (2)
E11=E0-(E0-Esat) [1-exp (- ξ ε)] (being in 45 degree with rolling direction) (3)
E01=E0-(E0-Esat) [1-exp (- ξ ε)] (being in 90 degree with rolling direction) (4)
(2) to pass through the one directional tensile test and data fitting acquisition 0 ° of rolling direction, 45 ° of rolling sides of three rolling direction
To, the second relation function of 90 ° of rolling direction.
Due to 0 ° of rolling direction, the preparation method phase of 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction the second relation function
Seemingly, it only elaborates below to its principle, specific as follows:
The one directional tensile test of three rolling direction is carried out, to obtain the strain-stress relation in three directions, passes through power
Learn formula σ=A+k εBIt is fitted.Same method obtains the simple tension mechanical property fitting formula in three directions.It is high-strength
The more strained tensile stress-strain diagrams of steel DP590 and simple tension stress-strain diagram, which compare, sees Fig. 4 and Fig. 5；Fig. 4 is high-strength steel
The more strained tensile stress-strain diagrams of DP590, Fig. 5 are the stress strain curve of high-strength steel DP590 simple tension.
The fitting formula of three directions (rolling direction is in 45 degree of directions, vertical rolling direction with rolling direction) is respectively as follows:
σ0=A+k εB (5)
σ45=A+k εB (6)
σ90=A+k εB (7)
(3) coefficient of friction of sheet metal is obtained by three rolling directions, and need to obtain metal plate respectively first
0 ° of rolling direction of material, 45 ° of rolling direction, 90 ° of rolling direction coefficient of friction.
The lubricating oil and painting oil condition used when specific operation, according to sheet metal (such as Automobile Plate) punching press is (as gently
Oiling, middle oiling and recoating oil), the test of coefficient of friction is carried out with frictional testing machine.Rubbing for three rolling directions is carried out respectively
Coefficient measurement is wiped, is then averaged, obtains the friction co-efficient value of material.
Because of the difference of rolling direction, the crystal grain orientation of three rolling direction can be different, and in stretcher strain, material is three
The performance in a direction causes the surface state in deformation process to have certain difference with microstructure difference.So coefficient of friction
It will be different.It is therefore desirable to do the friction test of three rolling direction, then it is averaged.
Wherein,For average friction coefficient, it is also used in simulation model；μ0For the coefficient of friction of rolling direction；μ45For with
Coefficient of friction when rolling direction is at 45 degree；μ90Coefficient of friction when being 90 degree of rolling direction.
Step 130: forming limit simulation model is constructed according to the material parameter and the simulation parameter；
Step 140: it is imitative that emulation acquisition forming limit being carried out to the sheet metal according to the forming limit simulation model
True value；
By strain achieved above-elasticity modulus relationship (i.e. the first relation function), strain-stress relation, (i.e. second is closed
System) by user's favorite subroutine (VUMAT of such as Abaqus) the progress secondary development of simulation software, it develops in simulation software.Together
When emulation in coefficient of friction using measurement coefficient of friction average value.FLC is constructed with three-dimensional CAD software and simulation software
It tests bulging FLC and tests corresponding simulation model, and FLC Forming simulation analysis is carried out to sheet metal (i.e.).
Step 150: obtaining the forming limit measured value of sheet metal；
That is, to the dog bone of acquisition axial tension exemplar be formed limit test test so that obtain sheet metal at
Shape limit measured value.
Specifically, being that common forming limit bulging test machine carries out experiment survey for the equipment that high-strength steel DP590 is used
Examination, test results are shown in figure 6.
Step 160: according to the true error of the forming limit simulation value and the forming limit measured value between the two
Value corrects the forming limit simulation model, until the true error value is less than or equal to default error threshold, and is shaped
Limit simulation standard model.
Specifically, by simulation and prediction result (i.e. forming limit simulation value) and test value into (forming limit measured value) row ratio
It is right, if it exceeds default error threshold, modification simulation parameters adjustment such as trellis-type, in number of grid and material model
Relevant parameter etc., emulates again.The error threshold set herein is 5%.By modifying the material model parameter of secondary development, imitate
Relevant parameter such as trellis-type quantity etc. in true mode constantly reduces the gap of simulation and prediction value and test value, until error is small
In error threshold (5%).Illustrate that the precision of prediction of the material model and simulation model is higher, the model of acquisition is imitative for forming limit
True master pattern, so that forming limit simulation standard model can be used to carry out the press formability prediction of actual parts.
Further, described after the really error amount is less than or equal to default error threshold, further includes: according to institute
It states forming limit simulation standard model and carries out the stamping simulation of part to be punched, and export press formability prediction result.
Specifically, imitative using the punching press that the corresponding parameter of forming limit simulation standard model carries out practical automobile metal plate work
Very, and press formability prediction result is exported.Due to carrying out stamping simulation, simulation result by forming limit simulation standard model
The press formability of practical automobile metal plate work is accurately reflected, can be provided for the stamping operation of practical automobile metal plate work
With reference to, and then reach reduction development cost, production efficiency is improved, the effect of production stability is improved.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Prepare the axial tension exemplar of sheet metal；
The material property for measuring the axial tension exemplar obtains the material parameter and simulation parameter of sheet metal；
Forming limit simulation model is constructed according to the material parameter and the simulation parameter；
Emulation is carried out to the sheet metal according to the forming limit simulation model and obtains forming limit simulation value；
Obtain the forming limit measured value of sheet metal；
According to the forming limit simulation value and the forming limit measured value between the two true error value amendment it is described at
Shape limit simulation model until the true error value is less than or equal to default error threshold, and obtains forming limit simulation standard
Model.
2. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the simulation parameter
Include: reacting metal plate elasticity modulus and sheet metal true strain relationship the first relation function, reacting metal plate
Trus stress and sheet metal true strain relationship the second relation function.
3. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described to be reacted
First relation function of elasticity modulus and true strain relationship, specifically includes:
Multiaxial strain stretching-unloading experiment is carried out to the axial tension exemplar, obtains reaction true strain and trus stress relationship
First curve；
The first elastic mould value that sheet metal is respectively provided under different first true strain is determined according to first curve；
According to the corresponding first elastic mould value acquisition of different first true strain and each first true strain
First relation function.
4. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described according to
First curve obtains the elastic mould value that sheet metal is respectively provided under different true strain, specifically includes:
Determine the first resilient deformation section that variant first true strain is corresponded on first curve；
The slope for determining each first resilient deformation section is corresponding first elastic mould value of variant first true strain.
5. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described according to difference
First true strain and corresponding first elastic mould value of each first true strain obtain first relation function,
It specifically includes:
Decaying is carried out to each first true strain and corresponding each first elastic mould value of each first true strain to refer to
Number Function Fitting.
6. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described to be reacted
Second relation function of trus stress and true strain relationship, specifically includes:
Unidirectional strained tensile-unloading experiment is carried out to the axial tension exemplar, obtains reaction true strain and trus stress relationship
Second curve；
Determine on second curve meet recklessly can law the second resilient deformation section；
Second relation function is determined according to second resilient deformation section.
7. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described according to
Second resilient deformation section determines second relation function, specifically includes:
Determined according to second resilient deformation section each second trus stress for being applied in unidirectional strained tensile sheet metal and
The second true strain corresponding with each second trus stress；
Each second trus stress and each second true strain are carried out linear function to be fitted to obtain second relation function.
8. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the material parameter
It include: sheet metal coefficient of friction.
9. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that described in the measurement
The material property that exemplar is axially stretched obtains sheet metal coefficient of friction, specifically includes:
The sheet metal PVvalue testing of sheet metal is carried out using frictional testing machine.
10. the stamping formabilily prediction technique of sheet metal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described until institute
Really error amount is stated to be less than or equal to after default error threshold, further includes:
The stamping simulation of part to be punched is carried out according to the forming limit simulation standard model, and exports press formability prediction knot
Fruit.
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| CN110346542A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司 | A kind of pull-shaped lubricants performance test appraisal procedure of aluminum alloy outer cover |
| CN111521498A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-11 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Metal plate paint brush line strain limit testing method and testing device |
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| CN112613214A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-06 | 上汽大众汽车有限公司 | Method for loading stamping damage in finite element analysis |
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| CN113125256A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-16 | 上海大学 | Prediction method based on material yield strength dynamic growth factor |
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