CN112880829A - Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method - Google Patents
Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112880829A CN112880829A CN202110045174.XA CN202110045174A CN112880829A CN 112880829 A CN112880829 A CN 112880829A CN 202110045174 A CN202110045174 A CN 202110045174A CN 112880829 A CN112880829 A CN 112880829A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- scanning
- underwater
- imaging
- unit
- telecentric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000701 chemical imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012634 optical imaging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000985 reflectance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
Abstract
The invention relates to a self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of underwater hyperspectral optical imaging detection. The system comprises a telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, a spectral imaging unit and a built-in scanning unit, the system splits light based on an incident slit, a built-in scanning type design is adopted, a push-broom type imaging mode or a built-in scanning imaging mode can be selected according to application requirements and the actual use condition of an observation platform, and a moving part is sealed inside the system, so that the system has good shock resistance and is suitable for being used on the underwater observation platform. Compared with other common hyperspectral imaging technologies, the method has remarkable advantages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of underwater hyperspectral optical imaging detection.
Background
The spectral imaging technique combines a spatial imaging technique and a spectral technique: and acquiring a reflection or absorption spectrum of the distant scene target in the working wave band corresponding to the spatial distribution, and measuring the light wave energy of different wavelengths or frequencies related to the material components. The method can simultaneously obtain two-dimensional space image information and one-dimensional spectral information of each resolution pixel to form a three-dimensional data cube. Compared with the prior remote sensing technology, the hyperspectral remote sensing technology has many unique advantages, such as: wide working spectrum range, high imaging spectrum resolution, high system space resolution, high correlation of adjacent wave bands, large data redundancy and the like. The hyperspectral remote sensing technology utilizes the spectral characteristics of ground object self radiation to monitor, analyze and invert targets, and is widely applied to the fields of mineral exploration, agriculture and forestry resource investigation, environment monitoring, urban planning and the like at present.
The scanning modes according to the three-dimensional data cube can be divided into a swing scanning mode, a push scanning mode and a staring mode. The staring type imaging technology has the advantages of simple principle and small optical realization difficulty; the disadvantage is that the system can only obtain information of one spectral band at a time, and in order to obtain multispectral or hyperspectral information, the system can only be exposed for multiple times in time (in a time-sharing mode, one spectral band information is obtained at a time) or be spatially realized by an array (one spectral band is detected by each subsystem of the array). In a time-sharing form or an array form, other performances of the instrument are seriously influenced when hyperspectral information detection is completed, and the limitation on the performance of a device principle is serious, so that a large view field and a large relative aperture are difficult to realize simultaneously. Therefore, the scanning modes of the swing scanning mode and the push scanning mode are mainly adopted. The sweep-type spectral imaging system adopts a linear array detector, and obtains complete two-dimensional spatial information by scanning along two directions of a track and a cross track, wherein the cross track direction is generally realized by using a scanning mirror. The scanning mode can obtain the linear array spectral dimension information of the target point in the instantaneous field of view, is generally applied to airborne platforms, and has the advantages of wide field coverage area, short exposure time, less energy entering a detector and low signal-to-noise ratio. The push-broom type spectral imaging system adopts an area array detector, the detector scans in a way that the space dimension direction is vertical to the moving direction, the space information of a one-dimensional linear view field in the space is obtained, the moving platform is used for completing scanning along the rail direction to realize the acquisition of two-dimensional space information, and meanwhile, the spectral information of the linear view field is obtained in the second dimension of the area array detector. Compared with the swing scanning mode, the scanning mode has the advantages that the signal to noise ratio is greatly improved, and mechanical scanning is not needed.
Although the aviation and aerospace hyperspectral imagers have been greatly developed, the applications of the hyperspectral imagers are more and more extensive. However, a hyperspectral imaging system suitable for an underwater complex environment is very lacking, and firstly, in terms of system difficulty, a swinging-scanning type spectral imaging system and a push-scanning type spectral imaging system need to use an external scanning platform to drive the spectral imaging system to operate. Because the scanning platform is heavy, the mobile platform has high dynamic property in the complex marine environment, including the complex influence of various environmental interference factors such as underwater turbidity and turbulence, and brings inconvenience to underwater work. It is often difficult to obtain accurate spectral image data, especially for the acquisition of high quality data, and very small disturbances can result in variations in the remotely sensed reflectance spectrum. Secondly, the sweep type spectral imaging system needs to swing in a large range relative to a target, and needs an optical scanning mirror to complete scanning in a cross-track direction, especially under the condition of underwater short distance, the problem of image deformation is serious, so that the overall movement speed of the platform cannot be too high, and the actual application requirements cannot be met. The push-broom type scanner does not need the scanning of an optical machine, has simpler system structure and is suitable for a platform with higher movement speed. The push-broom hyperspectral imager acquires spectral image data of a target through platform movement, but a hyperspectral push-broom imaging mode is extremely sensitive to posture and position changes, and in the imaging process, due to the influence of the motion of an observation platform and an underwater environment, the position difference between a front frame and a rear frame of a spectral image is large, and geometric correction is difficult. Such errors can seriously affect the image quality, sometimes even cause the image to be unreadable visually, and seriously affect the normal application of the image. And the area of the area covered by a single hyperspectral image is not large under the influence of the height of the observation platform and the parameters of the camera, and a plurality of images need to be spliced to effectively cover the research area. Table 1 shows several forms of underwater hyperspectral imaging techniques.
| Push-broom type | Swinging and sweeping type | Staring type | Self-scanning type | |
| Spectral resolution | Height of | Is low in | Is low in | Height of |
| Number of bands | Height of | Is low in | Is low in | Height of |
| Spectral range | Width of | Narrow and narrow | Narrow and narrow | Width of |
| Transmittance of the system | Height of | Height of | Is low in | Height of |
| Volume of | Medium and high grade | Big (a) | Medium and high grade | Medium and high grade |
| Integration difficulty | Big (a) | Big (a) | Small | Small |
| Platform stability requirements | Height of | Height of | Is low in | Is low in |
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and a use method thereof. The built-in scanning component can be used for replacing an observation platform, two acquisition modes of hovering built-in scanning imaging and push-broom imaging can be realized, and the acquisition modes can be selected according to specific application requirements and the capability of the observation platform.
The invention also provides a using method of the imaging system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms comprises a telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, a spectral imaging unit, a detection unit and a built-in scanning unit; the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit is connected with the spectral imaging unit through an entrance slit, and the spectral imaging unit images the imaging sub-wavelength formed by the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit on the entrance slit on the spectrometer detection unit; the built-in scanning unit is used for driving the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit to perform two-dimensional movement in a plane.
Preferably, the telecentric underwater telescope imaging unit adopts an image space telecentric structure, and is a telecentric telescope which is a transmission system, and the number of the lenses is N, wherein N is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 12.
Further preferably, a double-Gaussian structure is used as an initial design type, the system is divided into a front lens group and a rear lens group, each lens group comprises 4-6 lenses, the two lens groups are basically symmetrical, the positive element and the negative element are reasonably matched, the initial system is complicated, the high-grade spherical aberration of the system is reduced and the off-axis aberration is improved by splitting the lens elements and adding air space between the elements.
Further preferably, the lens adopts H-ZF52 or H-ZF4A novel optical glass with high refractive index and low dispersion for correcting system aberration.
The telecentric underwater telescope imaging unit takes the influence of an object space aqueous medium into consideration during design, controls and corrects the optical aberration of an underwater imaging system, can finally realize a good imaging effect of a sea bottom surface at a distance of 0.8-1.2 m, and meets the universal observation distance of an underwater platform.
Preferably, the spectral imaging unit adopts a straight-barrel optical structure, which is beneficial to underwater sealing, and comprises an incident slit, a collimating mirror, a light splitting module and an imaging mirror, wherein the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are both transmission systems, the number of lenses of the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror is N, and N is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6; the light splitting module adopts a prism and grating mixed light splitting mode, the incident chief ray and the emergent chief ray of a central view field are parallel, and a straight-tube optical structure of the spectral imaging unit is ensured.
Further preferably, the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are designed symmetrically, the collimating mirror is in an inverted form of the imaging mirror, and the diaphragm is arranged on the grating surface. The identical structural parameters simplify the design difficulty and save the cost.
Preferably, the four pieces of Petzwann objective lens are selected as the initial structure of the imaging lens, and a group of negative lenses, one group being 1-2, are added near the image plane, so that Petzwann field curvature is well corrected, and meanwhile, distortion of the whole objective lens can be balanced. The imaging quality is improved, and the spectral line bending is further corrected.
Preferably, the light splitting module comprises a quartz triangular prism and a bulk phase holographic Bragg diffraction grating, the quartz triangular prism is symmetrically distributed on two sides of the bulk phase holographic Bragg diffraction grating, the angle phi of the prism is greater than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees, and the surface of the quartz triangular prism close to the grating is parallel to the grating plane.
The light splitting module combines the consistency of the dispersion direction and the opposite characteristic of spectral line bending when the grating and the prism are independently used as light splitting elements, the straight-in and straight-out of the spectrum can be realized at the central wavelength, and the opposite bending of the spectral lines can be mutually compensated. The diffraction efficiency at the central wavelength is close to 100 percent, the structure is compact, and the processing and the adjustment are easy. The light splitting module is formed by combining the prism and the grating, the working principle of the light splitting module is basically the combination of the working principles of the prism and the grating, and the combination mode provides great technical advantages for the hyperspectral imaging system based on the light splitting module.
Specific parameters of the light splitting module, including the inclination angle of the prism, the grating ruling density and the emergence angles of different wavelengths, are calculated through a grating equation and the Bragg condition of the volume phase holographic grating, and then the focal length of the imaging objective lens is determined according to the detection spectral range. The thickness of the prism may be an appropriate value for the purpose of weight reduction and ease of processing.
Preferably, the built-in scanning unit comprises a two-dimensional moving mechanism and a driving motor, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a fixing plate, a sliding guide rail is arranged on the fixing plate, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding guide rail, the driving motor is used for driving the sliding block to move in a two-dimensional mode on the sliding guide rail, a fixing device is arranged on the sliding block, and the fixing device is used for being connected with the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit.
Preferably, the slide guide rail comprises an x-axis guide rail and a y-axis guide rail, the slider comprises an x-axis slider and a y-axis slider, the y-axis slider is arranged in the y-axis guide rail and used for driving a lower structure comprising the x-axis guide rail slider to move along the y axis, the x-axis guide rail is arranged on the y-axis slider, the x-axis slider is arranged in the x-axis guide rail and used for driving a fixing device for fixing the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit to move along the x axis, and the x-axis slider and the y-axis slider are driven by respective driving motors to move. The movement in the x-axis direction moves along the optical axis direction, and is used for focusing the distance when the imaging distance of the underwater scenery is different, the adjustment distance is not large, and the movement is in a small range; the movement in the y-axis direction moves along the direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and is used for self-scanning observation of different strips of different underwater scenes.
The telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit is fixed in a fixing device and moves along the two-dimensional direction through a slide block under the drive of a stepping motor.
Preferably, the self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms further comprises a sealed cabin body, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, the spectral imaging unit, the detection unit and the built-in scanning unit are all arranged in the sealed cabin body, and a sealed window is arranged on the side face of the sealed cabin body and provides a light path inlet for the imaging system in the cabin.
A use method of the self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system which is adaptive to various underwater observation platforms comprises the following steps:
the hyperspectral imaging system which is adapted to various underwater observation platforms is carried on the observation platform, and comprises two acquisition modes:
(1) built-in scanning type hyperspectral imaging mode: the observation platform is suspended, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit is fixed on the built-in scanning unit, the built-in scanning unit is controlled to realize the relative motion of the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit and the spectral imaging unit, and multiple exposure imaging is carried out in the relative motion process; the mode is suitable for underwater arrangement frame platform observation and hovering observation of AUV, ROV, underwater crawler platforms and the like, and is used for fine hyperspectral imaging detection of underwater small-range targets;
(2) push-broom hyperspectral imaging; the observation platform moves, the built-in scanning unit does not perform built-in scanning, push-scanning hyperspectral imaging is performed through underwater motion of the observation platform such as an ROV (remote operated vehicle), an AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle), an underwater crawler and the like, and the detection unit is exposed for multiple times along an underwater target scene of a motion track of the observation platform, so that the method is suitable for hyperspectral imaging detection of underwater large-range targets.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
an observation platform comprises an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), a remote-control unmanned vehicle (ROV), an underwater crawler, an underwater placement frame and the like, mechanical shaking and motion deviation are inevitably generated in the data acquisition process, a hyperspectral scanning system usually captures scene information based on a push-broom mode (namely scene coverage is realized through multiple exposures of a detection unit during the movement of the observation platform along the track), a relative motion is required between a target object and a hyperspectral imaging system, so that the finally obtained hyperspectral data has large geometric errors, the image quality can be seriously influenced, sometimes even the images cannot be visually interpreted, and the normal application of the images is seriously influenced.
The invention relates to a built-in scanning type hyperspectral imaging system, which realizes the spatial scanning of target information through a moving part arranged in the system, directly measures the target information, and looks like the whole system to be static relative to the target from the outside, namely staring. The hyperspectral image acquisition system is simple in structure, high in integration level and good in impact resistance, and effectively solves the problem of geometric deformation of hyperspectral images. The moving component moves along the direction of the optical axis to realize the adjustment of different imaging distances, effectively solves the problem of image blurring caused by different underwater imaging distances, turbidities and refractive indexes, and is favorable for detection under the conditions of underwater short distance, small space and complex environment. When the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit moves, the scenes of the target collected by the detection unit are different after the lens moves for positioning and shifting, and the field range is not limited to the resolution of the detection unit, so that large-field scanning can be realized. In addition, the system can also realize the traditional push-broom type imaging acquisition mode, namely, the scene coverage is realized through multiple exposures of the detection unit during the movement of the observation platform along the track, so that the system is used for detecting the requirements of higher scanning speed and larger acquisition range. Therefore, compared with other common underwater hyperspectral imaging technologies, the method provided by the invention meets the requirement of rapid and stable spectrum detection, and has a remarkable advantage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a built-in scan unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical structure of a hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is an optical transfer function curve of the hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms shown in FIG. 3 at a wavelength of 0.4 μm;
FIG. 5 is an optical transfer function curve of the hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms shown in FIG. 3 at a wavelength of 0.6 μm;
FIG. 6 is an optical transfer function curve of the hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms in the wavelength of 0.8 μm shown in FIG. 3.
Wherein: 1. telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, 2, spectral imaging unit, 3, detection unit, 4, built-in scanning unit, 5, incident slit, 6, sealing window, 7, sealing cabin, 8 and watertight connector.
21. The device comprises a collimating mirror 22, an imaging mirror 23, a light splitting module 231, a quartz triangular prism 232 and a volume phase holographic Bragg diffraction grating;
41. two-dimensional moving mechanism 42, step motor 411, fixed plate 412, fixing device 413, sliding guide 414 and sliding block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a hyperspectral imaging system adapted to various underwater observation platforms comprises a telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1, a spectral imaging unit 2, a detection unit 3 and a built-in scanning unit 4; the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 is connected with the spectral imaging unit 2 through an entrance slit 5, and the spectral imaging unit 2 images the image formed by the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 2 on the entrance slit 5 and the sub-wavelength image on the spectrometer detection unit 3.
The hyperspectral imaging system suitable for various underwater observation platforms comprises two acquisition modes: (1) built-in scanning type imaging; the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 is fixed on the built-in scanning unit 4, and the built-in scanning unit 4 realizes the relative movement with the spectral imaging unit 2. The method is suitable for observation application with higher stability requirement. (2) Push-broom imaging; scene coverage is achieved through multiple exposure of the detection unit 3 during the period that the observation platform moves along the track, hyperspectral images of underwater targets are collected, and the method is suitable for platforms with higher scanning speed.
The telecentric underwater telescope imaging unit 1 adopts an image space telecentric structure, the telecentric telescope is a transmission system, a double-Gaussian structure is used as an initial design type, the system is divided into a front lens group and a rear lens group, each lens group comprises 4-6 lenses, and the two lens groups are basically symmetrical. The spectral imaging unit is an object space telecentric structure, and the two realize pupil matching. The spectral imaging unit comprises an incident slit, a collimating mirror, a light splitting module and an imaging mirror, wherein the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are both transmission systems, the number of lenses of the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror is N, and N is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6; the light splitting module adopts a prism and grating mixed light splitting mode, the incident chief ray and the emergent chief ray of a central view field are parallel, and a straight-tube optical structure of the spectral imaging unit is ensured. The collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are designed symmetrically, the collimating mirror is in an inverted form of the imaging mirror, and the diaphragm is arranged on the grating surface. The identical structural parameters simplify the design difficulty and save the cost.
Four pieces of Petzwang objective lens are selected as the initial structure of the imaging lens, and a group of 2 negative lenses are added near the image surface.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the built-in scanning unit 4 includes a two-dimensional displacement mechanism 41 fixedly connected to the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit and a stepping motor 42 for driving the two-dimensional displacement mechanism to move. The two-dimensional displacement mechanism 41 is driven by the stepping motor 42 to move, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 is driven to horizontally move relative to the entrance slit 5 of the spectral imaging unit 2, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 moves to different positions, and images of different view fields of the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 are received by the entrance slit 5, so that spatial scanning is realized.
The two-dimensional displacement mechanism 41 comprises a fixing plate 411 arranged above the two-dimensional displacement mechanism, a fixing device 412 and a sliding guide 413 connected between the fixing plate 411 and the fixing device 412, wherein the sliding guide 413 is connected with the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 through the fixing device 412. The slide guide 413 is connected with the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit fixing device 412 through a slide block 414.
The two-dimensional displacement mechanism 41 can realize scanning movement and focusing movement, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 is fixed on the fixing device 412, and is driven by the stepping motor 42 to move along the direction of the vertical optical axis through the sliding guide 413 to realize space scanning and move along the direction of the optical axis to realize focus focusing. When the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit 1 moves, after the lens moves for positioning and shifting, the scenes of the target collected by the detection unit 3 are all different, and the field range is not limited to the resolution of the detection unit any more, so that large-field scanning can be realized.
And a fixing plate 411 above the two-dimensional displacement mechanism 41 is fixedly installed inside a sealed cabin 7 for packaging the hyperspectral imaging system.
As shown in fig. 3, the spectral imaging unit 2 includes a collimating mirror 21, an imaging mirror 22, a prism and grating hybrid splitting module 23, both the collimating mirror 21 and the imaging mirror 22 are transmissive systems, and the prism and grating hybrid splitting module 23 combines the light splitting characteristics of a quartz triangular prism 231 and a bulk phase holographic bragg diffraction grating 232, and can achieve the straight-in and straight-out of a spectrum at the central wavelength, thereby achieving a straight-tube optical system structure, achieving miniaturization and light weight, and reducing the difficulty in assembly and adjustment. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, the MTF of the spectral imaging unit 2 at wavelengths of 400nm, 600nm, and 800nm is better than 0.60@52 lp/mm.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms is characterized by comprising a telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, a spectral imaging unit, a detection unit and a built-in scanning unit; the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit is connected with the spectral imaging unit through an entrance slit, and the spectral imaging unit images the imaging sub-wavelength formed by the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit on the entrance slit on the spectrometer detection unit; the built-in scanning unit is used for driving the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit to perform two-dimensional movement in a plane.
2. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 1, wherein the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit adopts an image space telecentric structure and is a telecentric telescope, the telecentric telescope is a transmission system, the number of lenses is N, and N is more than or equal to 8 and less than or equal to 12;
preferably, a double-Gaussian structure is used as an initial design form, the system is divided into a front lens group and a rear lens group, each lens group comprises 4-6 lenses, and the two lens groups are symmetrical;
further preferably, the lens is made of H-ZF52 or H-ZF4A novel optical glass.
3. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms is characterized in that the spectral imaging unit comprises an incident slit, a collimating mirror, a light splitting module and an imaging mirror, the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are both transmission systems, the number of lenses of the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror is N, and N is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6; the light splitting module adopts a prism and grating mixed light splitting mode, and the incident chief ray and the emergent chief ray of the central view field are parallel.
4. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 3, wherein the collimating mirror and the imaging mirror are designed symmetrically, the collimating mirror is an inverted form of the imaging mirror, and the diaphragm is arranged on the grating surface.
5. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 3, wherein four pieces of Petzmann object lenses are selected as an initial structure of the imaging lens, and a group of negative lenses is added at an image surface, wherein the number of the negative lenses is 1-2.
6. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 3, wherein the light splitting module comprises a quartz triangular prism and a volume phase holographic Bragg diffraction grating, the quartz triangular prism is symmetrically distributed on two sides of the volume phase holographic Bragg diffraction grating, the angle of the prism is phi, the phi is more than or equal to 10 degrees and less than or equal to 30 degrees, and the surface of the quartz triangular prism close to the grating is parallel to the grating plane.
7. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 1, wherein the built-in scanning unit comprises a two-dimensional moving mechanism and a driving motor, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a fixed plate, a sliding guide rail is arranged on the fixed plate, a sliding block is arranged on the sliding guide rail, the driving motor is used for driving the sliding block to move in two dimensions on the sliding guide rail, a fixing device is arranged on the sliding block, and the fixing device is used for connecting the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit.
8. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms as claimed in claim 7, wherein the sliding guide rail comprises an x-axis guide rail and a y-axis guide rail, the slider comprises an x-axis slider and a y-axis slider, the y-axis slider is arranged in the y-axis guide rail, the x-axis guide rail is arranged on the y-axis slider, the x-axis slider is arranged in the x-axis guide rail, and the x-axis slider and the y-axis slider are driven by respective driving motors to move.
9. The self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms of claim 1, wherein the self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms further comprises a sealed cabin body, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit, the spectral imaging unit, the detection unit and the built-in scanning unit are all arranged in the sealed cabin body, and a sealed window is arranged on the side surface of the sealed cabin body.
10. A method for using the self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adapted to underwater multiple observation platforms according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
the hyperspectral imaging system which is adapted to various underwater observation platforms is carried on the observation platform and comprises two acquisition modes:
(1) built-in scanning type hyperspectral imaging mode: the observation platform is suspended, the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit is fixed on the built-in scanning unit, the built-in scanning unit is controlled to realize the relative motion of the telecentric underwater telescopic imaging unit and the spectral imaging unit, and multiple exposure imaging is carried out in the relative motion process;
(2) push-broom hyperspectral imaging; the observation platform moves, the built-in scanning unit does not perform built-in scanning, and push-scanning hyperspectral imaging is performed through underwater motion of the observation platform and multiple exposure of the detection unit along an underwater target scene of a motion track of the observation platform.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110045174.XA CN112880829B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110045174.XA CN112880829B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112880829A true CN112880829A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
| CN112880829B CN112880829B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
Family
ID=76045834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110045174.XA Active CN112880829B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112880829B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109342328A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of built-in scan type high microspectrum imaging system and imaging method |
| CN115598075A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所（Cn） | Deep sea hyperspectral imaging detection system and method based on two-channel coaxial light path |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101726360A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-06-09 | 中央大学 | High-frequency spectrum scanning device and method thereof |
| US20110205536A1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2011-08-25 | Ntnu Technoogy Transfer As | Underwater hyperspectral imaging |
| CN205050210U (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-24 | 青岛市光电工程技术研究院 | Colored three -dimensional reconstruction device under water |
| CN205748639U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of hydrospace three-dimensional optical spectrum imagers |
| CN107121192A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 四川双利合谱科技有限公司 | A kind of camera lens scan pattern Hyperspectral imager and rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN108051088A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-18 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Visual field spectrum imaging system is integrated for the EO-1 hyperion high-space resolution of undersea detection |
| CN109342328A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of built-in scan type high microspectrum imaging system and imaging method |
| CN110514302A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-29 | 海南大学 | Ocean fiber spectrometer detection method based on small underwater machinery equipment |
| CN111024231A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Novel self-correcting integrated unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted hyperspectral remote sensing system |
| CN112067125A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-11 | 海南大学 | Dual-channel hyperspectral detection system based on underwater robot |
| CN112098343A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Novel self-focusing integrated hyperspectral imaging detection system based on ETL |
-
2021
- 2021-01-13 CN CN202110045174.XA patent/CN112880829B/en active Active
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20110205536A1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2011-08-25 | Ntnu Technoogy Transfer As | Underwater hyperspectral imaging |
| CN101726360A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2010-06-09 | 中央大学 | High-frequency spectrum scanning device and method thereof |
| CN205050210U (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-24 | 青岛市光电工程技术研究院 | Colored three -dimensional reconstruction device under water |
| CN205748639U (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-11-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of hydrospace three-dimensional optical spectrum imagers |
| CN107121192A (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2017-09-01 | 四川双利合谱科技有限公司 | A kind of camera lens scan pattern Hyperspectral imager and rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN108051088A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-18 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Visual field spectrum imaging system is integrated for the EO-1 hyperion high-space resolution of undersea detection |
| CN109342328A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of built-in scan type high microspectrum imaging system and imaging method |
| CN112067125A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2020-12-11 | 海南大学 | Dual-channel hyperspectral detection system based on underwater robot |
| CN110514302A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-29 | 海南大学 | Ocean fiber spectrometer detection method based on small underwater machinery equipment |
| CN111024231A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-17 | 中国海洋大学 | Novel self-correcting integrated unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted hyperspectral remote sensing system |
| CN112098343A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Novel self-focusing integrated hyperspectral imaging detection system based on ETL |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109342328A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-02-15 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of built-in scan type high microspectrum imaging system and imaging method |
| CN115598075A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-01-13 | 自然资源部第二海洋研究所（Cn） | Deep sea hyperspectral imaging detection system and method based on two-channel coaxial light path |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112880829B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9518867B2 (en) | Detecting device and method combining images with spectrums in ultra-wide waveband | |
| CN103471715B (en) | A kind of light path combined type light field spectrum imaging method and device altogether | |
| CN107991686B (en) | Infrared-visible dual-waveband photoelectric detection system and optical axis deflection angle measuring method | |
| CN112880829B (en) | Self-scanning hyperspectral imaging system adaptive to various underwater observation platforms and use method | |
| US11892468B2 (en) | Method and system for scanning of a transparent plate during earth observation imaging | |
| US7940444B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for synchronous laser beam scanning | |
| WO2012061163A2 (en) | Apparatus, optical assembly, method for inspection or measurement of an object and method for manufacturing a structure | |
| CN108051088B (en) | High-spectrum high-spatial-resolution integral field spectrum imaging system for underwater detection | |
| CN111024231B (en) | Novel self-correcting integrated unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted hyperspectral remote sensing system | |
| CN215263105U (en) | Airborne push-broom type spectrum polarization integrated sea surface oil spill detection system | |
| EP2856093B1 (en) | Imaging system with multiple focal plane array sensors | |
| CN104713648A (en) | Full-wave-band achromatism filter type spectral camera | |
| CN110319932A (en) | A kind of high light spectrum image-forming optics system | |
| CN112098343A (en) | Novel self-focusing integrated hyperspectral imaging detection system based on ETL | |
| Xue et al. | Compact, UAV-mounted hyperspectral imaging system with automatic geometric distortion rectification | |
| CN111623876B (en) | Push-broom hyperspectral imaging system and method based on S matrix slit array | |
| CN107843343A (en) | Polarization multi-spectrum aerial surveying camera based on monolithic face battle array cmos detector | |
| CN209927715U (en) | Spectrum-configurable visible and terahertz multispectral composite detection imaging device | |
| CN204495469U (en) | A kind of all band achromatism filter disc type spectrum camera | |
| CN112539836B (en) | Spectrum imaging system based on forearm compensation and planar grating | |
| CN114689174A (en) | Chip-level multispectral camera system and operation method thereof | |
| CN1310064C (en) | Three-wire array CCD push-scanning type polarization imaging detection device | |
| CN105292508A (en) | Imaging method for rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle-based scanning imaging system | |
| CN109470147A (en) | Adaptive high resolution stereo visual system and measurement method | |
| CN220491043U (en) | Underwater multi-wavelength parallel line laser array self-scanning imaging system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |