CN112880580B - Method and system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by optical fiber embedded flexible rod body - Google Patents
Method and system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by optical fiber embedded flexible rod body Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001687 destabilization Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body, and belongs to the field of coal mine surrounding rock monitoring. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: constructing a strain sensing optical fiber; step two: constructing an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body; step three: forming a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process; step four: constructing a surrounding rock deformation real-time monitoring system; step five: after the strain deformation obtained by monitoring and fixed point data are corrected, the instability danger coefficient S and the daily deformation T are obtained by calculationdA deformation rate V; step six: and judging the state of the surrounding rock and giving out early warning. The invention can realize the important change from the observation of the deformation point of the surrounding rock to the monitoring of the surface, the real-time acquisition and transmission of the monitoring data, the analysis and early warning, the omnibearing and continuous monitoring of the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the intelligent identification and early warning of the stable state of the surrounding rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine surrounding rock monitoring, and relates to a method and a system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body.
Background
The potential safety hazard caused by surrounding rock falling and separation is one of the most common potential safety hazards of mines, and the safety production of the mines is seriously threatened. For a long time, the observation of roadway surrounding rocks mainly adopts a 'point arrangement' mode to observe the stress of a separation layer and a support body, although the phenomenon of surrounding rock instability is conveniently found as soon as possible to a certain extent, and the occurrence of roof accidents is avoided, the limitation of the method in practical application is more and more obvious, such as: the point observation mode can not realize the full coverage of the hidden danger of the top plate, the observation instrument is greatly influenced by underground moisture and electromagnetic environment, the acquisition of observation data mainly depends on manual reading and recording, and the timeliness of data acquisition and analysis is poor.
Therefore, aiming at the defects existing in the traditional surrounding rock observation, a method and a system for sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway in full time and space by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body are needed to be researched, the distributed monitoring of the comprehensive system of the surrounding rock of the roadway is realized, the monitoring data is transmitted to the ground through an underground looped network in real time to be analyzed and early-warned, the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway is monitored in an all-around and continuous mode, the intelligent identification and early warning of the stable state of the surrounding rock are realized, and the deformation of the surrounding rock under the coal mine is changed from the traditional 'point' observation to 'surface' monitoring.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method and a system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using an optical fiber embedded flexible rod, which implement distributed monitoring of a roadway surrounding rock overall system, transmit monitoring data to the ground through an underground looped network in real time for analysis and early warning, implement the transition from "point" observation to "surface" monitoring of surrounding rock deformation, implement real-time judgment and grading early warning of the surrounding rock safety state, and provide scientific methods and advanced technical support for preventing coal mine roof accidents and hidden dangers.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly carving gratings on the optical fiber at certain intervals, designing a grating implanted strain sensor and a grating implanted temperature compensation sensor, and constructing a strain sensing optical fiber;
step two: tightly wrapping the strain sensing optical fiber with a high-temperature-resistant composite material with high tensile strength to enable the two forms to be mutually matched, and constructing an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body;
step three: uniformly fixing the magnetic circular rings on the anchor rods, the steel belts and the anchor net support body in a three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mode, and enabling the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body to penetrate through the magnetic circular rings and be tightly attached to surrounding rocks to form a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process;
step four: connecting the strain sensing optical fiber with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument, an underground substation, an intrinsic safety power supply, a switch and a ground monitoring system to construct a surrounding rock deformation real-time monitoring system;
step five: correcting the strain deformation obtained by monitoring and fixed point data, converting the strain deformation into axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber through plane geometric relation and integral operation, transmitting the monitoring data to a ground monitoring system through an underground looped network, and calculating to obtain an instability risk coefficient S and a daily deformation TdA deformation rate V;
step six: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold value TlCritical value of deformation rate VlComprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level;
coefficient of risk of destabilization S ∈ [1, ∞) ] or amount of daily deformation Td∈[TlInfinity) or rate of deformation V ∈ [ V ]lAnd infinity), judging that the surrounding rock is in an unstable state and sending a red early warning;
coefficient of risk of instability S ∈ [0.8, 1) or the daily deformation Td∈[0.8Tl，Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon [0.8V ∈ ]l，Vl) Judging that the surrounding rock is in a critical instability state and sending an orange early warning;
coefficient of risk of instability, Sec (0, 0.8) or the daily distortion, Td∈(0，0.8Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon (0, 0.8V)l) And judging that the surrounding rock is in a stable state and sending out a blue early warning.
Optionally, in the first step, the fiber grating finger: carrying out dense equidistant parallel scribing on a piece of strip-shaped optical glass, wherein the scribing density is 10-100 lines/mm;
the optical fiber implanted sensor is as follows: a sensor for measuring displacement by adopting a grating stacked grating stripe principle and a sensor for eliminating grating temperature drift by structural temperature compensation;
strain-sensitive optical fiber: the grating implanted strain sensor is used as a sensing element, the intensity, phase, frequency or polarization state characteristics of light transmitted when the optical fiber deforms are changed, and then the detected signal is obtained by demodulating the modulated signal.
Optionally, in the second step, the composite material refers to: a polyimide material;
the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body is as follows: the structure formed by the composite material and the strain sensing optical fiber together, and the composite material is coated on the surface of the strain sensing optical fiber, so that the optical fiber has good repeatability and linearity, and the optical fiber and the strain sensing optical fiber have consistent forms.
Optionally, in the third step, the three-dimensional zigzag layout means: the strain sensing optical fiber pair carries out spatial continuous measurement at any point along the line, and a top plate and a roadway side are connected into a whole in series by adopting three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement;
magnetic ring finger: the neodymium iron boron magnet ensures that the optical fiber passes through the circular ring without influencing the passing performance while being fixed with the supporting body, and ensures that the optical fiber is not broken by pulling.
Optionally, in the fourth step, the complex modulation and demodulation instrument refers to: the fiber grating monitoring system is used for realizing signal demodulation and sensing data acquisition of the fiber grating sensor;
the underground substation indicates that: the device is used for receiving signal parameters of the underground sensor and quickly transmitting the signal parameters to a system central station on the ground through an industrial Ethernet;
this ampere of power indicates: means for providing the power required by the demodulator device;
the switch means: the device is arranged under a coal mine and is used for enabling equipment connected to the switch under the coal mine to perform data exchange and equipment management with the ground so as to realize data acquisition and control management work;
the ground monitoring system is as follows: and the software platform is used for monitoring data storage, calculation, analysis and early warning release.
Optionally, in the fifth step, the fixed point data correction means: strain correction sensors are arranged at a certain distance, and real-time correction is carried out on the monitored strain quantity;
axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber means: obtaining the axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber through the plane geometric relationship of the strain sensing optical fiber arrangement and the strain integral operation in a certain monitoring range;
the instability risk factor S means: surrounding rock deformation monitoring value SMonitoringAnd a threshold value SCritical point ofThe ratio of (A) to (B);
daily deformation TdThe method comprises the following steps: monitoring the difference of the deformation of the surrounding rock within one day during the monitoring period;
the deformation rate V means: and the ratio of the deformation difference value of the surrounding rock in two adjacent time periods to the deformation value of the previous time point.
Optionally, in the sixth step, comprehensively determining the surrounding rock state and the early warning level indicates: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation quantity TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold value TlCritical value of deformation rate VlAnd comprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level, and realizing real-time judgment and grading early warning on the safety state of the surrounding rock.
The system for sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway based on the optical fiber embedded flexible rod based on the method comprises an uphole part and a downhole part;
the aboveground part comprises a terminal and a data center server; the terminal and the data center server are connected to an industrial ring network;
the downhole portion comprises a fiber optic switch and a composite modem instrument;
the industrial looped network is connected with the optical fiber switch through the strain sensing optical fiber;
the optical fiber switch and the composite modulation and demodulation instrument are both provided with intrinsic safety power supplies;
uniformly carving grids on the strain sensing optical fiber at a certain distance, wherein the strain sensing optical fiber is wrapped with a composite material to form an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body;
the magnetic circular rings are uniformly fixed on the anchor rods, the steel belts and the anchor net supporting body in a three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mode, and the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body penetrates through the magnetic circular rings and is tightly attached to surrounding rocks to form a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process;
the composite modulation and demodulation instrument is connected with the implanted strain sensor, the strain correction sensor and the implanted temperature compensation sensor through communication optical cables;
the implanted strain sensor, the strain correction sensor and the implanted temperature compensation sensor are uniformly arranged in the transportation gateway and the return air gateway.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the distributed monitoring of a roadway surrounding rock comprehensive system is realized, monitoring data are transmitted to the ground through an underground looped network in real time for analysis and early warning, the change from 'point' observation to 'surface' monitoring of surrounding rock deformation is realized, the real-time judgment and classification early warning of the safety state of the surrounding rock are realized, and a scientific method and an advanced technical support are provided for preventing coal mine roof accidents and hidden dangers.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
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For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention firstly provides a method and a system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation in a full-time-space mode through an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body. Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an overall frame diagram and a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process diagram, which mainly includes:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly carving gratings on the optical fiber at certain intervals, designing a grating implanted strain sensor and a grating implanted temperature compensation sensor, and constructing a strain sensing optical fiber;
step two: tightly wrapping the strain sensing optical fiber with a high-temperature-resistant composite material with high tensile strength to enable the shapes of the strain sensing optical fiber and the composite material to be mutually matched, and constructing an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body;
step three: uniformly fixing the magnetic circular rings on supporting bodies such as anchor rods, steel belts, anchor nets and the like in a three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mode, and enabling the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body to penetrate through the magnetic circular rings and be tightly attached to surrounding rocks to form a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process;
step four: connecting the strain sensing optical fiber with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument, an underground substation, an intrinsic safety power supply, a switch, a ground monitoring system and the like to construct a surrounding rock deformation real-time monitoring system;
step five: correcting the strain deformation obtained by monitoring and fixed point data, converting the strain deformation into axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber through plane geometric relation and integral operation, transmitting the monitoring data to a ground monitoring system through an underground looped network, and calculating to obtain an instability risk coefficient S and a daily deformation TdA deformation rate V;
step six: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold value TlCritical value of deformation rate VlComprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level; coefficient of risk of instability S ∈ [1, ∞) ] or the daily deformation Td∈[TlInfinity) or rate of deformation V ∈ [ V ]lAnd infinity), judging that the surrounding rock is in an unstable state and sending a red early warning; coefficient of risk of instability S ∈ [0.8, 1) or the daily deformation Td∈[0.8Tl，Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon [0.8V ∈ ]l，Vl) Judging that the surrounding rock is in a critical instability state and sending an orange early warning; coefficient of risk of destabilization Seege (0, 0.8) or daily distortion Td∈(0，0.8Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon (0, 0.8V)l) And judging that the surrounding rock is in a stable state and sending out a blue early warning. .
Further description regarding step one:
the optical fiber grating mainly comprises the following components: carrying out dense equidistant parallel scribing on a piece of strip-shaped optical glass, wherein the scribing density is 10-100 lines/mm; the optical fiber implanted sensor mainly comprises: the sensor adopts the principle of grating overlapping stripes to measure displacement, and eliminates the temperature drift of the grating through structural temperature compensation. The strain sensing optical fiber mainly refers to: the grating implanted strain sensor is used as a sensing element, the characteristics of the intensity, the phase, the frequency or the polarization state and the like of the transmitted light are changed when the optical fiber is deformed, and the modulated signal is demodulated to obtain a detected signal, so that the optical fiber has the functions of sensing and transmitting light.
Further description of step two:
the composite material mainly comprises: the polyimide material has high working temperature and high tensile strength; the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body mainly comprises: the structure formed by the composite material and the strain sensing optical fiber together, and the composite material is coated on the surface of the strain sensing optical fiber, so that the optical fiber has good repeatability and linearity, and the optical fiber and the strain sensing optical fiber have consistent forms.
Further explanation about step three:
the three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mainly comprises the following steps: the strain sensing optical fiber can be used for spatially and continuously measuring any point along the line, the measuring distance is long, the range is large, the roof and the roadway side can be connected into a whole in series by adopting the three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement, the traditional 'point' observation is changed into 'surface' monitoring, the monitoring distance and range are expanded, and the omission factor of point type observation is greatly reduced; the magnetic ring mainly refers to: the neodymium iron boron magnet with high-strength adsorption performance guarantees that when the neodymium iron boron magnet is fixed with the supporting body, the optical fiber penetrates through the circular ring without influencing the passing performance, and the optical fiber is guaranteed not to be broken by pulling.
Further description of step four:
the composite modulation and demodulation instrument mainly refers to: the fiber grating monitoring system with high precision and high resolution can realize signal demodulation and sensing data acquisition of the fiber grating sensor; the underground substation mainly comprises: the device can receive signal parameters of the downhole sensor and can quickly transmit the signal parameters to a system central station on the ground through the industrial Ethernet; the intrinsic safety power supply mainly comprises: a device for supplying power supply required by instruments such as a demodulator; the switch mainly refers to: the device is arranged under a coal mine and is used for enabling equipment which can be connected to a switch under the coal mine to perform data exchange and equipment management with the ground so as to realize work such as data acquisition, control management and the like; the ground monitoring system mainly refers to: and the software platform is used for monitoring data storage, calculation, analysis and early warning release.
Further explanation regarding step five:
the point data correction mainly refers to: strain correction sensors are arranged at a certain distance, and real-time correction is carried out on the monitored strain quantity; the axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber mainly refers to: the axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber can be obtained through the plane geometric relationship of the arrangement of the strain sensing optical fiber and the strain integral operation in a certain monitoring range; the instability risk coefficient S mainly refers to: surrounding rock deformation monitoring value SMonitoringAnd a threshold value SCritical point ofThe ratio of (A) to (B); the daily deformation TdMainly comprising the following steps: monitoring the difference of the deformation of the surrounding rock within one day during the monitoring period; the deformation rate V means: and the ratio of the deformation difference value of the surrounding rock in two adjacent time periods to the deformation value of the previous time point.
Further explanation regarding step six:
the comprehensive judgment of the surrounding rock state and the early warning level mainly comprises the following steps: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation quantity TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold value TlCritical value of deformation rate VlThe surrounding rock state and the early warning level are comprehensively judged, the transition from the observation of the deformation point of the surrounding rock to the monitoring of the surface is realized, and the real-time judgment and the graded early warning of the safety state of the surrounding rock are realized.
The method and the system for sensing the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway in full time and space by the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body can realize distributed monitoring of a comprehensive system of the surrounding rock of the roadway, monitor data are transmitted to the ground through an underground looped network in real time to carry out analysis and early warning, the change from observation of deformation points of the surrounding rock to monitoring of surfaces of the surrounding rock is realized, and the real-time judgment and the grading early warning of the safety state of the surrounding rock are realized.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: uniformly carving gratings on the optical fiber at certain intervals, designing a grating implanted strain sensor and a grating implanted temperature compensation sensor, and constructing a strain sensing optical fiber;
step two: tightly wrapping the strain sensing optical fiber with a composite material to enable the two forms to be mutually matched, and constructing an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body;
step three: uniformly fixing the magnetic circular rings on the anchor rods, the steel belts and the anchor net support body in a three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mode, and enabling the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body to penetrate through the magnetic circular rings and be tightly attached to surrounding rocks to form a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process;
step four: connecting the strain sensing optical fiber with a composite modulation and demodulation instrument, an underground substation, an intrinsic safety power supply, a switch and a ground monitoring system to construct a surrounding rock deformation real-time monitoring system;
step five: correcting the strain deformation obtained by monitoring and fixed point data, converting the strain deformation into axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber through plane geometric relation and integral operation, transmitting the monitoring data to a ground monitoring system through an underground looped network, and calculating to obtain an instability risk coefficient S and a daily deformation TdA deformation rate V;
step six: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold value TlCritical value of deformation rate VlComprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level;
coefficient of risk of destabilization S ∈ [1, ∞) ] or amount of daily deformation Td∈[TlInfinity) or rate of deformation V ∈ [ V ]lAnd infinity), judging that the surrounding rock is in an unstable state and sending a red early warning;
coefficient of risk of instability S ∈ [0.8, 1) or the daily deformation Td∈[0.8Tl，Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon [0.8V ∈ ]l，Vl) Judging that the surrounding rock is in a critical instability state and sending an orange early warning;
coefficient of risk of destabilization Seege (0, 0.8) or daily distortion Td∈(0，0.8Tl) Or the deformation rate V epsilon (0, 0.8V)l) And judging that the surrounding rock is in a stable state and sending out a blue early warning.
2. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the optical fiber grating finger: carrying out dense equidistant parallel scribing on a piece of strip-shaped optical glass, wherein the scribing density is 10-100 lines/mm;
the optical fiber implanted sensor is as follows: a sensor for measuring displacement by adopting a grating stacked grating stripe principle and a sensor for eliminating grating temperature drift by structural temperature compensation;
strain-sensitive optical fiber: the grating implanted strain sensor is used as a sensing element, the intensity, phase, frequency or polarization state characteristics of light transmitted when the optical fiber deforms are changed, and then the detected signal is obtained by demodulating the modulated signal.
3. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the composite material is as follows: a polyimide material;
the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body is characterized in that: the structure formed by the composite material and the strain sensing optical fiber together, and the composite material is coated on the surface of the strain sensing optical fiber, so that the optical fiber has good repeatability and linearity, and the optical fiber and the strain sensing optical fiber have consistent forms.
4. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement means that: the strain sensing optical fiber pair carries out spatial continuous measurement at any point along the line, and a top plate and a roadway side are connected into a whole in series by adopting three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement;
magnetic ring indicates: neodymium iron boron magnet guarantees that when fixed with the support body, optic fibre passes the ring and does not influence the trafficability characteristic again, guarantees that optic fibre is not broken by the stretch.
5. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the composite modulation and demodulation instrument is as follows: the fiber grating monitoring system is used for realizing signal demodulation and sensing data acquisition of the fiber grating sensor;
the underground substation indicates that: the device is used for receiving signal parameters of the underground sensor and quickly transmitting the signal parameters to a system central station on the ground through an industrial Ethernet;
this ampere of power indicates: means for providing the power required by the demodulator device;
the switch means: the device is arranged under a coal mine and is used for enabling equipment connected to the switch under the coal mine to perform data exchange and equipment management with the ground so as to realize data acquisition and control management work;
the ground monitoring system is as follows: and the software platform is used for monitoring data storage, calculation, analysis and early warning release.
6. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fifth step, the fixed point data correction means: strain correction sensors are arranged at a certain distance, and real-time correction is carried out on the monitored strain quantity;
axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber means: obtaining the axial tensile deformation of the optical fiber through the plane geometric relationship of the strain sensing optical fiber arrangement and the strain integral operation in a certain monitoring range;
instability risk coefficient S means: surrounding rock deformation monitoring value SMonitoringAnd a threshold value SCritical point ofThe ratio of (A) to (B);
daily deformation TdThe method comprises the following steps: the difference of the deformation of the surrounding rock within one day in the monitoring period;
the deformation rate V means: and the ratio of the deformation difference value of the surrounding rock in two adjacent time periods to the deformation value of the previous time point.
7. The method for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation by using the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, comprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level refers to: adopting instability risk coefficient S and daily deformation TdDeformation rate V, daily deformation threshold TlCritical value of deformation rate VlAnd comprehensively judging the surrounding rock state and the early warning level, and realizing real-time judgment and grading early warning on the safety state of the surrounding rock.
8. The system for sensing roadway surrounding rock deformation based on the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body based on the method of any one of claims 1-7, is characterized in that: the system comprises an uphole portion, a downhole portion;
the aboveground part comprises a terminal and a data center server; the terminal and the data center server are connected to an industrial ring network;
the downhole portion comprises a fiber optic switch and a composite modem instrument;
the industrial looped network is connected with the optical fiber switch through the strain sensing optical fiber;
the optical fiber switch and the composite modulation and demodulation instrument are both provided with intrinsic safety power supplies;
uniformly carving grids on the strain sensing optical fiber at a certain distance, wherein the strain sensing optical fiber is wrapped with a composite material to form an optical fiber embedded flexible rod body;
the magnetic circular rings are uniformly fixed on the anchor rods, the steel belts and the anchor net supporting body in a three-dimensional Z-shaped arrangement mode, and the optical fiber embedded flexible rod body penetrates through the magnetic circular rings and is tightly attached to surrounding rocks to form a multi-dimensional optical fiber arrangement process;
the composite modulation and demodulation instrument is connected with the implanted strain sensor, the strain correction sensor and the implanted temperature compensation sensor through communication optical cables;
the implanted strain sensor, the strain correction sensor and the implanted temperature compensation sensor are uniformly arranged in the transportation gateway and the return air gateway.
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