CN112876396B - Method for preparing concentrated carotene by using rotary ceramic membrane equipment - Google Patents
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device. The method comprises the following steps: selecting, cleaning, peeling, pre-cooking, pulping, cooking, membrane concentrating, sterilizing and filling; in the membrane concentration step, rotary ceramic membrane equipment is adopted to concentrate carotene in the carrot pulp, and finally trapped fluid which is a concentrated carotene product is obtained; when the rotary ceramic membrane equipment is used for concentration, the number of the membrane pieces of the ceramic membrane is 3-15, the aperture is 30-120 nm, and the pressure is 1-2 bar. The invention utilizes the technological methods of pre-cooking and re-cooking to lead the carrot to be light and convenient in the pulping process, and then the medicine fishy smell of the carrot is reduced and the fragrance is pleasant by repeated cooking. According to the invention, the rotary ceramic membrane equipment is adopted, so that not only are the filtrate and the trapped fluid of carrots obtained, but also carotene enrichment is realized; and the process is simple, the cost is low, and the method is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device.
Background
Carrot is also called ginseng. The carrot can help to discharge mercury ions in human bodies and prevent mercury poisoning; in addition, the carrot is sweet and flat in taste, and has various effects of tonifying spleen, removing stagnation, descending qi, tonifying middle-jiao, relieving measles, varicella and herpes, nourishing liver, improving eyesight and the like; the main nutrient component in the carrot is carotene, and the carotene can be absorbed by a human body and can be further converted into vitamin A, so that the carotene is the safest source of the vitamin A for human beings and is beneficial to treating nyctalopia, xerophthalmia, infantile osteomalacia and the like; carotene has strong antioxidant function and can stimulate immune system; can maintain epithelial cells normal and prevent respiratory tract infection. The development of products of carrots has great economic and social value.
At present, the carotene is obtained mainly by extraction in a carotene collection method, and the low extraction rate of the carotene in carrots is an important problem influencing industrial extraction. And the carotene extraction method still adopts a simple and economic solvent (ethanol) extraction method. However, the method has poor extraction effect on the fat-soluble components (carotene) with high heat sensitivity and added value, belongs to an important industrial problem, and seriously restricts the industrial high-efficiency production of the carotene.
Regarding the extraction method of carotene or carotenoids, the following patent documents are disclosed: CN110804323A discloses a carotenoid extraction method, comprising the following steps: step 1, drying plants, crushing the plants by a superfine crusher, and sieving the crushed plants for later use; step 2, adding dichloromethane and methanol solution with the volume ratio of 2-3:1 into the powder obtained in the step 1 in carbon dioxide atmosphere; step 3, carrying out ultrasonic extraction on the mixed liquid obtained in the step 2; step 4, carrying out centrifugal separation on the solution obtained in the step 3, and taking clear liquid; and 5, carrying out low-temperature vacuum drying on the clear liquid obtained in the step 4 to obtain the carotenoid. The above method mainly adopts organic solvent for extraction, and has limited effect on extracting thermosensitive high value-added fat-soluble components (carotene).
CN110407659A a carotenoid extraction method is characterized in that high-pressure homogenization is adopted to break the wall of dry thalli, an extracting agent is added into the broken dry thalli, and a method of forming a supersaturated solution at a high temperature for a short time is adopted to extract. The method comprises the following steps: the fermentation liquor with the solid content of 5-15 percent adopts high-pressure homogenization for wall breaking, the pressure is 50-100 MPa, and the high-pressure homogenization is circulated for 1-3 times. The above method can be used only when producing carotene by microbial fermentation, and the cell wall of fungus can be broken by the method, so that carotene can be completely extracted from the thallus. The effect of extracting carotene from carrot juice is not good.
Therefore, in order to overcome the defects in the technical scheme, the invention provides a carotene concentrating method capable of realizing effective carotene enrichment while keeping nutrient components of carrots.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for concentrating carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device. The method of the invention uses the ceramic membrane to realize separation and enrichment of carotene, thereby preparing clear and transparent carrot filtrate with better flavor and concentrated solution rich in carotene.
The method for preparing the concentrated carotene by using the rotary ceramic membrane equipment comprises the following steps: sorting, cleaning, peeling, pre-cooking, pulping, cooking, membrane concentrating, sterilizing and filling.
In the pre-cooking step, the peeled carrots are pre-cooked for 15-25 min until the carrots are soft.
In the above-mentioned steaming step, the carrot pulp is continuously steamed for 5-15 min to obtain the carrot raw pulp.
In the membrane concentration step, rotary ceramic membrane equipment is adopted to concentrate carotene in the carrot pulp, and finally trapped fluid which is a concentrated carotene product is obtained; when the rotary ceramic membrane equipment is used for concentration, the number of the membrane pieces of the ceramic membrane is 3-15, the aperture is 30-120 nm, and the pressure is 1-2 bar.
In the step of sterilization and filling, the trapped fluid is heated to 90-95 ℃ and then filled.
Preferably, the method for preparing concentrated carotene by using the rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting: selecting carrots without insect pests;
(2) Cleaning: washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling: removing carrot peel after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking: pre-cooking peeled radix Dauci Sativae for 20min to soft;
(5) Pulping: pulping the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(6) And (3) cooking: continuously steaming the carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) And (3) membrane concentration: and (3) membrane concentration: concentrating the carotene in the carrot raw stock in the step (6) by adopting a rotary ceramic membrane device to finally obtain a trapped fluid which is a concentrated carotene product; when the rotary ceramic membrane equipment is used for concentration, the number of the membrane pieces of the ceramic membrane is 3-15, the aperture is 30-120 nm, and the pressure is 1-2 bar;
(8) And (3) sterilization and filling: and (4) respectively heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 90-95 ℃, and respectively filling.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention utilizes the technological methods of pre-cooking and re-cooking, firstly, the carrot is light and convenient in the pulping process, and secondly, the medicine fishy smell of the carrot is reduced by repeated cooking, so that the fragrance is pleasant.
(2) According to the invention, the carrot filtrate and trapped fluid are obtained by adopting the rotary ceramic membrane equipment, and the carotene enrichment is realized. And the process is simple, the cost is low, and the method is safe and reliable.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments in order to provide a better understanding of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention adopts a rotary ceramic membrane device (xi-boost-0.5) of Nanjing Shen Luo environmental science and technology Limited.
Example 1
A method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the carrot skin after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 456L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 412L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.5h;
(8) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 92 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Example 2
A method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 82kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the carrots pre-cooked in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces of membrane with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 2bar, and finally trapped fluid, namely concentrated carotene product, and filtrate, namely carrot clear juice, are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 423L/m 2 H, water flux at end 420L/m 2 H, the total time is 3h;
(8) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 90 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Example 3
A method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 80kg of carrots with good quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for about 18min until the carrot is soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the carrots pre-cooked in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 15 pieces of membrane with membrane area of 0.5m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 454L/m 2 At the end of the run, the water flux was 421L/m 2 H, the total time is 1.5h;
(8) And (4) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 95 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that in comparative example 1, the pore diameter of the spin ceramic membrane was adjusted, and the rest of the procedure for the ceramic membrane having a 30nm membrane diameter was the same as in example 1, and specifically, the following steps were performed:
a processing method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 40kg of carrots with good quality and no insect damage;
(2) Cleaning, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with aperture of 30nm and 6 pieces with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 2bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 300L/m 2 H, end water flux 288L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.5h;
(8) And (4) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 95 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that in comparative example 2, the carrot pulp was not concentrated using a rotating ceramic membrane apparatus, and the remaining steps were the same as in example 1, as follows:
a processing method for preparing concentrated carotene without using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting: selecting 30kg of carrots with good quality and no insect damage;
(2) Cleaning, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities and draining;
(3) Peeling: removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking: steaming peeled radix Dauci Sativae for 20min to soft;
(5) Pulping: putting the pre-cooked carrots in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (6) to 92 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Comparative example 3
The difference from the example 1 is that in the comparative example 3, only one-time cooking is adopted, and the rest steps are the same as the example 1, and are as follows:
a processing method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing water and removing carrot epidermis;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(6) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using 6 pieces of membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally trapped fluid, namely concentrated carotene product, and filtrate, namely carrot clear juice, are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 432L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 410L/m 2 H, the total time of use is 3.7h;
(7) And (4) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (6) to 92 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Comparative example 4
The difference from example 1 is that in comparative example 4, carrots were not treated by precooking, but only by cooking, as follows:
a processing method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the carrot skin after draining;
(4) Pulping, namely cutting the carrots in the step (3) and putting the chopped carrots into a pulping machine for pulping;
(5) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(6) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using carrot pulp obtained in step (5) and membrane with pore diameter of 60nm, 6 pieces, and membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 454L/m 2 H, water flux at end 420L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.8h;
(7) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (6) to 95 ℃ respectively and then filling respectively.
Comparative example 5
In comparative example 5, the carrots were not subjected to any cooking treatment, and the remaining steps were the same as in example 1, as follows:
a processing method for preparing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing water and removing carrot epidermis;
(4) Pulping, namely cutting the carrots in the step (3), and then putting the chopped carrots into a pulping machine for pulping;
(5) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using carrot pulp obtained in step (4) and membrane with pore diameter of 60nm, 6 pieces, and membrane area of 0.2m 2 Concentrating carotene with a rotary ceramic membrane device at a rotation speed of 900r/min and a pressure of 1.5bar to obtain a trapped solution, i.e. concentrateCarotene product, filtrate is carrot clear juice, wherein the initial water flux is 446L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 4102L/m 2 H; the total time is 3.5 hours;
(6) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the trapped fluid obtained in the step (5) to 92 ℃ and filling to obtain the concentrated carotene.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the precooking and cooking time are shorter than in example 1, and the rest is the same as in example 1, specifically as follows:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Cleaning, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing water and removing carrot epidermis;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 10min;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the carrots pre-cooked in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 5min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 455L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 414L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.5h;
(8) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 92 ℃ and filling.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the time for precooking and cooking are longer than that of example 1, and the rest is the same as that of example 1, specifically as follows:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the carrot skin after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrots for 30min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the carrots pre-cooked in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 15min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 455L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 412L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.5h;
(8) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 92 ℃ and filling.
Comparative example 8
A processing method for preparing concentrated carotene without using a rotary ceramic membrane device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the carrot skin after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Membrane concentration of carotene, which is to filter the carrot pulp obtained in the step (6) by using filter cloth of 200 meshes to obtain filtrate, namely carrot clear juice, and filter the retentate, namely carotene;
(8) And (5) sterilizing and filling, namely heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 92 ℃ and filling.
The turbidity detection method of the filtrate comprises the following steps: the assay was carried out according to the method specified in GB/T18963-2012.
The detection method of the light transmittance of the filtrate comprises the following steps: the test was carried out according to the method specified in GB/T18963-2012.
The content of carotene: the detection was carried out according to the method specified by the Enterprise Standard of Jinprofit food Co., ltd, jinxiang county.
TABLE 1 comparison table of extraction effects in examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the results of the above Table 1 using different methods, the turbidity, the light transmittance and the carotene content of the filtrates obtained by different processing methods are different. When the rotary ceramic membrane equipment with the membrane inner diameter of 60nm is used for filtering and concentrating carotene, the loss of materials is very low, the filtered filtrate is relatively clear and transparent, the turbidity is relatively low, the light transmittance is relatively high, the data of the embodiment can show that the carotene content of the filtrate is very low, the content of the trapped concentrated carotene is very high and is almost the carotene content in the unfiltered condition, and therefore the carotene can be almost completely reserved in the trapped concentrated solution.
In contrast, in comparative example 1, when a ceramic membrane having an inner diameter of 30nm was used, the filtrate was clear and most of carotene was retained, but the inner diameter of the membrane was very small, resulting in a very small flux, a long time and a low efficiency.
In comparative example 2, no rotary ceramic membrane equipment was used, and the carrot raw stock was obtained, which had a carotene content of 310mg/kg and a lower content. Therefore, the rotary ceramic membrane equipment is adopted to obtain the carrot filtrate and the carrot trapped fluid and realize the carotene enrichment. The ceramic membrane has the characteristics of good chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance, high mechanical strength, repeated washing, strong antimicrobial capability, high temperature resistance, high separation efficiency and the like, and the method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, safety and reliability.
In comparative example 3, only one precooking was used, and the results show that the carrot after pulping is not uniform in state, the cooking time is short, the flavor of carrot juice is not good enough, and the dissolution of carotene is affected, resulting in a lower carotene content in the trapped liquid.
In comparative example 4, the carrot was not subjected to precooking treatment, and the beaten carrot pulp was cooked only in the subsequent step, and the results show that the carrots were not easily crushed completely during pulping, and the complete dissolution of carotene therein was also affected, resulting in a lower carotene content than in example 1 during the subsequent extraction;
in comparative example 5, the carrot was not steamed, and the results showed that it was not only difficult to thoroughly cook carrot into carrot paste during pulping (the carrot pulp still contained small particles which affected the dissolution and extraction of carotene due to incomplete pulverization), but also the flavor of carrot was accompanied by the fishy smell of carrot itself due to the absence of steaming; since the state of the obtained product is not a uniform liquid state, membrane concentration cannot be performed by using a rotary ceramic membrane apparatus. Carotene was not enriched.
In comparative example 6, although the carrot was subjected to the precooking and steaming treatments, the flavor of the obtained product was inferior to that of example 1 due to the shorter treatment time;
in comparative example 7, the precooking and the cooking time were longer than those of example 1, and although the phenomena of fishy smell generation, difficulty in beating due to non-cooking, and incomplete dissolution of carotene were avoided, the color of carrot juice became darker due to overcooking, and a small amount of carotene was lost, and the overcooking also increased energy consumption;
in comparative example 8, carotene also entered the filtrate in the product obtained by the ordinary filtration method because of its small particle size.
From the data and analysis in the above tables, the present invention utilizes a process suitable for obtaining concentrated carotene, a combination of precooking and cooking, and a rotary ceramic membrane to filter the carrot pulp to obtain a concentrated carotene product with an ideal flavor and content. Compared with the traditional method, the method has the advantages that the organic solvent is not used, the content of the carotene in the obtained product is high, and the carotene loss caused by overhigh temperature is avoided. The present invention is a great improvement over conventional methods.
Claims (1)
1. A method for producing concentrated carotene by using a rotary ceramic membrane device, comprising the steps of:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 75kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Cleaning, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the carrot skin after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 456L/m 2 H, water flux at the end of 412L/m 2 H, the total time is 3.5h;
(8) Sterilizing and filling, namely respectively heating the filtrate and trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 92 ℃ and then respectively filling;
or comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 82kg of carrots with better quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrot for 20min to be soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and 6 pieces of membrane with membrane area of 0.2m 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 2bar, and finally trapped fluid, namely concentrated carotene product, and filtrate, namely carrot clear juice, are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 423L/m 2 H, water flux at end 420L/m 2 H, the total time is 3h;
(8) Sterilizing and filling, namely respectively heating the filtrate and the trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 90 ℃ and then respectively filling;
or comprises the following steps:
(1) Sorting, namely, selecting about 80kg of carrots with good quality and no insect pests;
(2) Washing, namely washing the selected carrots with clear water, removing impurities, and draining;
(3) Peeling, removing the peel of carrot after draining;
(4) Pre-cooking, namely cooking the peeled carrots for about 18min until the carrots are soft;
(5) Pulping, namely putting the pre-cooked carrot in the step (4) into a pulping machine for pulping;
(6) Cooking, namely continuously cooking the pulped carrot pulp for 10min to obtain carrot raw pulp;
(7) Concentrating carotene with membrane by using membrane with pore diameter of 60nm and membrane area of 0.5m for 15 pieces 2 The carrot pulp is concentrated by a rotary ceramic membrane device with the rotating speed of 900r/min and the pressure of 1.5bar, and finally, a trapped fluid, namely a concentrated carotene product, and a filtrate, namely carrot clear juice are obtained, wherein the initial water flux is 454L/m 2 At the end of the run, the water flux was 421L/m 2 H, the total time is 1.5h;
(8) Sterilizing and filling, namely respectively heating the filtrate and trapped fluid obtained in the step (7) to 95 ℃ and then respectively filling;
the invention utilizes the technological methods of pre-cooking and re-cooking, firstly, the carrot is light and convenient in the pulping process, and secondly, the medicine fishy smell of the carrot is reduced by repeated cooking, so that the fragrance is pleasant.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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