CN112876312A - Multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112876312A CN112876312A CN202110380681.9A CN202110380681A CN112876312A CN 112876312 A CN112876312 A CN 112876312A CN 202110380681 A CN202110380681 A CN 202110380681A CN 112876312 A CN112876312 A CN 112876312A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers and discloses a multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer comprises, by weight, 30% -50% of urea, 20% -30% of potassium sulfate, 20% -30% of organic matters, 10% -20% of monopotassium phosphate, 3% -7% of magnesium sulfate, 4% -8% of ammonium sulfate, 2% -4% of biochemical fulvic acid and 0.2% -0.5% of an auxiliary agent. The multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is easy to dissolve and absorb, the utilization rate is improved, and more importantly, the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer can be applied to the fertilization requirement of spray and drip irrigation, and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized. The preparation of the water-soluble compound fertilizer provided by the invention has the characteristics of convenience, high efficiency, high quality and the like, and meanwhile, the water-soluble compound fertilizer has the advantages of product diversification, crop resistance enhancement, crop growth and development promotion, capability of providing comprehensive and balanced nutrition for the crop growth and development, capability of improving the physical properties of soil and capability of improving various diseases caused by deficiency of crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-soluble fertilizers, and particularly relates to a multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, in agricultural production, chemical fertilizers are extremely important agricultural production resources. In recent decades, the production and consumption of chemical fertilizers in China have been rapidly increased, and become the largest chemical fertilizer producing and consuming countries in the world. However, the traditional compound fertilizer is easy to cause fertilizer loss, water eutrophication, soil structure damage, nutrient imbalance and the like. Meanwhile, the quality of agricultural products is reduced and the food safety problem is increasingly prominent due to the transitional pursuit of yield and the use of a large amount of hormones; the application of the vitamin to crops instead of hormone can increase the yield and improve the quality, and is safe and has no side effect. The water-soluble fertilizer avoids the defects of the traditional compound fertilizer as a novel environment-friendly fertilizer, is convenient to use, has the characteristics of instant dissolution, easy absorption, full nutrients, high utilization rate, water conservation, labor conservation and the like, can be applied by sprinkling irrigation, flushing, drip irrigation and soilless culture, and realizes the integration of water and fertilizer. Therefore, the research, development and application of the vitamin multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer are one of measures of high efficiency, environmental protection, water saving and fertilizer saving.
The water-soluble fertilizer is a multi-element compound fertilizer capable of being dissolved in water, is easy to dissolve and absorb, improves the utilization rate, and can be applied to the fertilization requirement of spray and drip irrigation to realize water and fertilizer integration. The preparation of the water-soluble compound fertilizer has the characteristics of convenience, high efficiency, high quality and the like, and also has product diversification, one of the manifestations is that other materials can be additionally added in the granulation process, so that the nutrient composition of the product can be enlarged, the additional value of the product can be improved, and the method is an operation mode which is economic and has use value.
At present, various water-soluble fertilizers in the market are simple in components, few in types of contained nutrient components, single in function, low in utilization rate, high in hormone side effect, inconvenient to apply due to excessive water insoluble substances and secondary pollution caused by excessive heavy metal, and conventional elements used by some water-soluble fertilizers are not absorbed by crops or are low in absorption rate, so that the crops are deficient in elements, physiological diseases occur and disastrous. Therefore, a novel multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof are needed.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the traditional compound fertilizer is easy to cause fertilizer loss, water eutrophication, soil structure damage, nutrient imbalance and the like. Meanwhile, the quality of agricultural products is reduced and the food safety problem is increasingly prominent due to the transitional pursuit of yield and the use of a large amount of hormones.
(2) Various water-soluble fertilizers in the market are simple in components, few in types of contained nutrient components, single in function, low in utilization rate, high in hormone side effect, inconvenient to apply due to excessive water insoluble substances and secondary pollution caused by excessive heavy metals, and conventional elements used in some water-soluble fertilizers are not absorbed by crops or are low in absorption rate, so that the crops are deficient in elements, physiological diseases occur and losses are heavy.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that the preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, weighing and matching glucose, sugar alcohol and amino-oligosaccharin according to the weight proportion of a formula, simultaneously adding the mixture into a chelation reaction kettle, and carrying out heating reaction and stirring;
step two, when the temperature of the reaction kettle reaches 40 ℃, carrying out constant temperature control, stirring for 20-30 min under the constant temperature state, and finishing the chelation reaction;
regulating the temperature of the reaction kettle to 50 +/-5 ℃, sequentially adding urea, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and biochemical fulvic acid, and stirring for 30-50 min;
step four, after stirring and mixing uniformly, adding an auxiliary agent, and testing the pH value; when the pH value is 6-8, completely inputting the product into a cooling tank, continuously stirring, cooling with water, and inputting the product into a storage tank after the temperature is reduced to room temperature;
step five, granulating and forming: uniformly distributing the product stored in the storage tank on a steel belt of a rotary belt type condensation granulator moving at a constant speed below the storage tank by a material pump and a material distributor; and (3) cooling and solidifying the product by the spraying device to form a particle finished product while the product moves on the steel belt, so that the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer can be obtained.
Further, in the first step, the chelation reaction kettle is a closed kettle body, a heating jacket is arranged outside the kettle body, and a stirring paddle is arranged on the inner side of the kettle body.
Further, in the second step, the constant temperature control includes:
the chelation reaction kettle is heated in an electric heating mode, and when the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle reaches the specified temperature, the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle is controlled by a thermostat.
Further, in step four, the cooling includes: and (3) inputting the product into a cooling tank, and introducing refrigerating fluid into an interlayer of the cooling tank to perform cooling reaction until the temperature is room temperature.
Further, in the fifth step, the temperature of the inlet of the distributing device is controlled to be 80-120 ℃, the rotating speed of the steel belt is controlled to be 15-50 r/min, the temperature of the cooling water inlet of the spraying device is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the pressure of the cooling water inlet is 0.2-0.6 MPa, the pressure of the cooling water outlet is normal pressure, and the return water temperature is controlled to be 25-45 ℃.
The invention also aims to provide the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer, which comprises, by weight, 30-50% of urea, 20-30% of potassium sulfate, 20-30% of organic matters, 10-20% of monopotassium phosphate, 3-7% of magnesium sulfate, 4-8% of ammonium sulfate, 2-4% of biochemical fulvic acid and 0.2-0.5% of an auxiliary agent.
Further, the organic matter comprises, by weight, 10% -20% of amino-oligosaccharin, 40% -50% of sugar alcohol and 40% -50% of glucose.
Further, the auxiliary agent comprises 50-60% of penetrating agent and 50-60% of synergist by weight percentage; the penetrant is a wetting agent, and the synergist is one or a combination of yeast powder or yeast concentrated solution.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer provided by the invention is easy to dissolve and absorb, the utilization rate is improved, and more importantly, the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer can be applied to the fertilization requirement of spray and drip irrigation, and the integration of water and fertilizer is realized. The preparation of the water-soluble compound fertilizer has the characteristics of convenience, high efficiency, high quality and the like, and simultaneously has the characteristics of product diversification, crop resistance enhancement, crop growth and development promotion, comprehensive and balanced nutrition provision for the crop growth and development, soil physical property improvement and crop disease improvement caused by deficiency. Compared with the prior art, the invention also has the following effects:
(1) the fertilizer and water of the invention are applied simultaneously, the absorption is fast, the effect is fast, the fertilizer contains the nutrient components necessary for the growth of crops, the mixture ratio is scientific;
(2) the soil structure is improved, and the nutrient absorption of crops is further promoted;
(3) the yield increasing effect is obvious, and the quality of crops is improved; by using the product, the disease resistance, cold resistance and drought resistance of crops are enhanced, the insect damage is less, the yield is high, the yield can be increased by more than 30 percent, and the economic crops can reach more than 50 percent.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a chelation reaction provided in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a granulation molding method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by weight, 30% -50% of urea, 20% -30% of potassium sulfate, 20% -30% of organic matters, 10% -20% of monopotassium phosphate, 3% -7% of magnesium sulfate, 4% -8% of ammonium sulfate, 2% -4% of biochemical fulvic acid and 0.2% -0.5% of auxiliary agents.
The organic matter provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises, by weight, 10% -20% of amino-oligosaccharide, 40% -50% of sugar alcohol and 40% -50% of glucose.
The auxiliary agent provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises 50-60% of penetrant and 50-60% of synergist by weight percentage; the penetrant is a wetting agent, and the synergist is one or a combination of yeast powder or yeast concentrated solution.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, weighing and mixing glucose, sugar alcohol and amino-oligosaccharin according to the weight ratio of the formula, and simultaneously adding the mixture into a chelation reaction kettle to perform chelation reaction;
s102, adjusting the temperature of the reaction kettle to 50 +/-5 ℃, sequentially adding urea, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and biochemical fulvic acid, and stirring for 30-50 min;
s103, after stirring and mixing uniformly, adding an auxiliary agent, and carrying out pH value test;
s104, when the pH value is 6-8, inputting all the products into a cooling tank, continuously stirring, cooling with water, and inputting the products into a storage tank after the temperature is reduced to room temperature;
and S105, granulating and forming the product stored in the storage tank through a belt type condensation granulator, and cooling and solidifying to form a finished particle product, so as to obtain the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer.
As shown in fig. 2, in step S101 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the chelation reaction includes:
s201, weighing and mixing glucose, sugar alcohol and amino-oligosaccharin according to the weight proportion of the formula;
s202, adding the weighed and compatible raw materials into a chelation reaction kettle, carrying out heating reaction and stirring;
s203, when the temperature of the reaction kettle reaches 40 ℃, carrying out constant temperature control, stirring for 20-30 min under the constant temperature state, and finishing the chelation reaction.
The constant temperature control provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: the chelation reaction kettle is heated in an electric heating mode, and when the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle reaches the specified temperature, the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle is controlled by a thermostat.
The chelation reaction kettle provided by the embodiment of the invention is a closed kettle body, a heating jacket is arranged outside the kettle body, and a stirring paddle is arranged on the inner side of the kettle body.
In step S104 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling includes: and (3) inputting the product into a cooling tank, and introducing refrigerating fluid into an interlayer of the cooling tank to perform cooling reaction until the temperature is room temperature.
As shown in fig. 3, in step S105, the granulation molding includes:
s301, uniformly distributing the product stored in the storage tank on a steel belt of a rotary belt type condensation granulator moving at a constant speed below the storage tank by virtue of a material pump and a material distributor;
s302, while the product moves on the steel belt, the spraying device cools and solidifies the product to form a particle finished product, and the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer can be obtained.
The temperature of the inlet of the distributing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is controlled to be 80-120 ℃, the rotating speed of the steel belt is controlled to be 15-50 r/min, the temperature of the cooling water inlet of the spraying device is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the pressure of the cooling water inlet is 0.2-0.6 MPa, the pressure of the cooling water outlet is normal pressure, and the return water temperature is controlled to be 25-45 ℃.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, weighing and matching glucose, sugar alcohol and amino-oligosaccharin according to the weight proportion of a formula, simultaneously adding the mixture into a chelation reaction kettle, and carrying out heating reaction and stirring;
step two, when the temperature of the reaction kettle reaches 40 ℃, carrying out constant temperature control, stirring for 20-30 min under the constant temperature state, and finishing the chelation reaction;
regulating the temperature of the reaction kettle to 50 +/-5 ℃, sequentially adding urea, potassium sulfate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate and biochemical fulvic acid, and stirring for 30-50 min;
step four, after stirring and mixing uniformly, adding an auxiliary agent, and testing the pH value; when the pH value is 6-8, completely inputting the product into a cooling tank, continuously stirring, cooling with water, and inputting the product into a storage tank after the temperature is reduced to room temperature;
step five, granulating and forming: uniformly distributing the product stored in the storage tank on a steel belt of a rotary belt type condensation granulator moving at a constant speed below the storage tank by a material pump and a material distributor; and (3) cooling and solidifying the product by the spraying device to form a particle finished product while the product moves on the steel belt, so that the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer can be obtained.
2. The preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the chelating reaction kettle is a closed kettle body, a heating jacket is arranged outside the kettle body, and a stirring paddle is arranged inside the kettle body.
3. The preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the constant temperature control comprises the following steps:
the chelation reaction kettle is heated in an electric heating mode, and when the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle reaches the specified temperature, the temperature of the chelation reaction kettle is controlled by a thermostat.
4. The preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the cooling comprises the following steps: and (3) inputting the product into a cooling tank, and introducing refrigerating fluid into an interlayer of the cooling tank to perform cooling reaction until the temperature is room temperature.
5. The preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the temperature of the inlet of the distributor is controlled to be 80-120 ℃, the rotating speed of the steel belt is controlled to be 15-50 r/min, the temperature of the cooling water inlet of the spraying device is less than or equal to 40 ℃, the pressure of the cooling water inlet is 0.2-0.6 MPa, the pressure of the cooling water outlet is normal pressure, and the temperature of the return water is controlled to be 25-45 ℃.
6. The multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized by comprising, by weight, 30-50% of urea, 20-30% of potassium sulfate, 20-30% of organic matters, 10-20% of monopotassium phosphate, 3-7% of magnesium sulfate, 4-8% of ammonium sulfate, 2-4% of biochemical fulvic acid and 0.2-0.5% of an auxiliary agent.
7. The multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the organic matter comprises, by weight, 10% -20% of amino-oligosaccharin, 40% -50% of sugar alcohol and 40% -50% of glucose.
8. The multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 6, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises 50-60% by weight of penetrant and 50-60% by weight of synergist; the penetrant is a wetting agent, and the synergist is one or a combination of yeast powder or yeast concentrated solution.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114080947A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of bud-transformed peach variety |
CN115028495A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 杨粉莉 | Multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-04-09 CN CN202110380681.9A patent/CN112876312A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114080947A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-02-25 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of bud-transformed peach variety |
CN115028495A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-09 | 杨粉莉 | Multifunctional water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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