CN112874048A - 一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN112874048A
CN112874048A CN202010694185.6A CN202010694185A CN112874048A CN 112874048 A CN112874048 A CN 112874048A CN 202010694185 A CN202010694185 A CN 202010694185A CN 112874048 A CN112874048 A CN 112874048A
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cloth
adsorption
melt adhesive
hot melt
virus
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许磊
田勇涛
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Zhongke Yiran Future Dalian Technology Development Co ltd
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Zhongke Yiran Future Dalian Technology Development Co ltd
Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法及应用。该复合型吸附灭活病毒布料包括吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料和布料。本发明所述复合型吸附灭活病毒布料易于生产、透气性好，并且对新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2具有直接吸附灭活作用。可用于生产具有吸附灭活病毒功能的防护服、普通服装、床上用品、桌布及箱包等。

Description

一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料及其生产方法，属于特种布料生产技术领域。
背景技术
病毒一般由一个核酸长链(DNA或RNA)和蛋白质外壳构成，病毒的蛋白质外壳称为衣壳，冠状病毒表面还包裹着蛋白质胞膜和刺突结构，与衣壳共同决定病毒的特异性。病毒的传播和感染已成为人类的最大威胁之一，几个世纪以来，如天花病毒、埃博拉病毒、艾滋病病毒等感染的疾病夺去了上亿人的生命。近几十年来，病毒性传染病呈现不断增高的趋势，如甲型H1N1流感病毒、引发重症急性呼吸综合征(非典型肺炎)的SARS-CoV冠状病毒。近期出现的新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染引发的肺炎疫情，严重危害了全世界人民的身体健康和生命安全。
如何有效遏制病毒的传播和感染，除药物治疗及疫苗研发外，对病毒的有效阻隔和灭活将是最有效的手段之一。现在所有针对病毒的防护设备如口罩、防护服等均是起到隔绝病毒的作用，并不能有效灭活病毒，特别是中央空调系统如果在通风系统中不能将病毒灭活反而更容易造成病毒的传播。因此，亟需开发对病毒具有吸附和灭活功能的材料和防护产品，如口罩、防护服、空调及空气净化器滤芯等用于个人、家庭以及医院、车站等大型公共场的防护，在隔绝病毒的同时可以吸附和灭活病毒，从而有效遏制病毒的传播和感染，保护人民的身体健康。
催化学报(2003，24(5)：232-327)及中国专利CN 1242815C公开了一类对病毒具有吸附和灭活作用的多孔固体材料，经大连医科大学检测对副流感病毒具有直接灭活作用，同时对人疱疹病毒和人腺病毒均具有较好抑制作用。其原理是利用多孔固体材料的酸碱性加速病毒的水解，使其分子结构发生变化，或利用氧化还原性对吸附的病毒分子进行催化氧化，破坏或改变其分子结构，使病毒丧失功能。但没有将材料应用到防护产品中。
在服装加工行业，纺织品布料的功能化可以为制造商在激烈的市场竞争中提供新的商机。如果将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料固载到布料中，同时保证高透气性，那么该功能性布料可以应用于各种服装加工、床上用品以及箱包等领域。
发明内容
本发明的目的一方面在于提供一种具有吸附灭活病毒功能的复合型布料，所述的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料，易于生产、透气性好，并且对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)具有直接吸附灭活作用。
复合型吸附灭活病毒布料包括布料和吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料，将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料通过热熔胶固载在两层布料之间。所述复合型吸附灭活病毒布料上固载的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料质量占比为0.5～50％。所述热熔胶在复合型吸附灭活病毒布料上质量占比为1～15％。
可选地，所述上层布料和底层布料分别为棉布、麻布、化纤布、混纺织物以及复合布中的至少一种，每层布料的面密度为5～180g/m2。
可选地，所述热熔胶为聚氨酯热熔胶(PUR)、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯热熔胶(EVA)、聚酰胺热熔胶(PA)、聚乙烯热熔胶和聚丙烯热熔胶中的一种或几种混合。
可选地，所述吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料以ZrO2、ZnO、TiO2、CaSiO3、Al2O3、SiO2、A型分子筛、X型分子筛中的一种或几种混合为原料通过焙烧、球磨制备得到。
可选地，所述吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的粒径为2～100nm，优选10～100nm。
本发明的目的第二方面，在于提供了上述复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(a)首先通过凹版辊工艺将热熔胶涂覆在底层布料上；
(b)将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料均匀喷撒在步骤(a)中涂覆热熔胶的底层布料上；
(c)将上层布料覆盖在步骤(b)中涂覆热熔胶和吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的底层布料上，得到含有吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的双层布料；
(d)将步骤(c)中得到的含有吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的双层布料热轧成型，获得复合型吸附灭活病毒布料。
可选地，所述热轧温度为50～280℃，轧压线压力为5～500Kgf/cm。
本发明的目的第三方面，提供了上述任一项所述的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料和上述任一项所述的制备方法制备的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料可应用于防护服、普通服装、床上用品、桌布及箱包等。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明所述的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料，易于生产、透气性好，采用的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)具有直接灭活作用。该复合型吸附灭活病毒布料可用于制备防护服、普通服装、床上用品、桌布及箱包等。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法流程示意图；
图2为本发明制备的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料(ASC-28-6)和对照材料玻璃微珠对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)的吸附杀灭的效率对比。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详述本发明，但本发明并不局限于这些实施例。同时实施例只是给出制备复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的部分条件，但并不意味着必须满足这些条件才可以达到此目的。
如无特别说明，实施例中所采用原料均来自商业购买，仪器设备采用厂家推荐的参数设置。
实施例1吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的制备
将硅酸钙300g、氧化钛500g、氧化锆200g和13X分子筛200g混合均匀后在550℃空气气氛中焙烧6小时，降温至室温后与玛瑙球一起放入球磨机中球磨24小时，得到纳米功能材料，命名为ASC-28-6。
采用Malvern Mastersizer 2000激光粒度仪测试，纳米功能材料粒度分布为50～80nm。
由安徽省疾病预防控制中心对ASC-28-6纳米功能材料吸附灭活新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)性能进行检测，结果如图2所示。本发明制备的ASC-28-6纳米功能材料50mg和200mg对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)吸附灭活率均达到了100％。
实施例2复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备
实施例中所采用的布料为商业购买的棉布布料，面密度为23g/m2。
图1为本发明提供的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法流程图。其中：1底层布料，2热熔胶，3凹版辊，4橡胶压辊，5刮刀，6胶槽，7传输辊，8上层布料，9热轧辊，10冷却辊，11卷料辊，12纳米功能材料，13撒粉机，14钢棍。
复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备步骤如下：
步骤一、将聚氨酯热熔胶(PUR)加入到胶槽6中加热熔化，同时将热轧辊9升温到120℃。
步骤二、将底层布料1经过凹版辊3(不上胶)、传动辊7、热轧辊9(不加压)、冷却辊10后卷在卷料辊11上。
步骤三、将上层布料8经过热轧辊9(加压)、冷却辊10后卷在卷料辊11上。
步骤四、将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料倒入撒粉机料仓中，启动凹版辊3给底层布料上胶，之后启动撒粉机将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料均匀撒在涂覆热熔胶的底层布料上。
步骤五、已经上胶和涂覆吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的底层布料经热轧辊9与上层布料进行热轧复合，经冷却辊10棍后卷在卷料辊11上，获得复合型吸附灭活病毒棉布布料。
称重测量复合型吸附灭活病毒棉布布料上固载的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料质量占比为22.6％。
实施例3复合型吸附灭活病毒棉布布料透气性测试
采用YG461E数字式透气量仪，按国标GB/T5453进行测试。
对复合型吸附灭活病毒棉布布料和未涂覆纳米功能材料的双层棉布布料的透气性进行测试，测试结果如表1所示。
表1
Figure BDA0002590382570000051
可见，实施例2制备的复合型吸附灭活病毒棉布布料具有良好的透气性能。
实施例4复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料的制备
实施例中所采用的布料为商业购买的混纺织物布料，面密度为18g/m2。
复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料的制备步骤同实施例2。
称重测量复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料上固载的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料质量占比为24.5％。
实施例5复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料透气性测试
采用YG461E数字式透气量仪，按国标GB/T5453进行测试。
对复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料和未涂覆纳米功能材料的双层混纺织物布料的透气性进行测试，测试结果如表2所示。
表2
Figure BDA0002590382570000061
可见，实施例4制备的复合型吸附灭活病毒混纺织物布料具有良好的透气性能。
以上所述，仅是本发明的实施例，并非对本发明做任何形式的限制，虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭示如上，然而并非用以限制本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案的范围内，利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许的变动或修饰均等同于等效实施案例，均属于本发明技术方案范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种复合型吸附灭活病毒布料的制备方法，其特征在于，将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料固载在两层布料中间得到复合型吸附灭活病毒布料，包括以下步骤：
(a)首先通过凹版辊工艺将热熔胶涂覆在底层布料上；
(b)将吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料均匀喷撒在步骤(a)中涂覆热熔胶的底层布料上；
(c)将上层布料覆盖在步骤(b)中涂覆热熔胶和吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的底层布料上，得到含有吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的双层布料；
(d)将步骤(c)中得到的含有吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的双层布料热轧成型，获得复合型吸附灭活病毒布料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料以ZrO2、ZnO、TiO2、CaSiO3、Al2O3、SiO2、A型分子筛、X型分子筛中的一种或几种混合为原料通过焙烧、球磨制备得到；
所述吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料的粒径为2～100nm；
所述复合型吸附灭活病毒布料上固载的吸附灭活病毒纳米功能材料质量占比为0.5～50％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述上层布料和底层布料为棉布、麻布、化纤布、混纺织物以及复合布中的至少一种；
所述上层布料和底层布料的面密度均为5～180g/m2。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，热轧温度为50～280℃，轧压线压力为5～500Kgf/cm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述热熔胶为聚氨酯热熔胶、聚乙烯-醋酸乙烯热熔胶、聚酰胺热熔胶、聚乙烯热熔胶和聚丙烯热熔胶中的一种或几种混合；
所述热熔胶在吸附灭活病毒布料上质量占比为1～15％。
6.根据权利要求1～5任一项所述方法制备得到的复合型吸附灭活病毒布料在防护服、普通服装、床上用品、桌布及箱包中的应用。
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2393626Y (zh) * 1999-05-13 2000-08-30 中国人民解放军57605部队 一种含有颗粒状吸附剂的净化过滤材料
CN1552454A (zh) * 2003-05-31 2004-12-08 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种用于吸附和灭活病毒的多孔固体材料及其应用
CN101453995A (zh) * 2006-02-16 2009-06-10 玛丽皇后和威斯特-弗尔德学院 杀病毒材料

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2393626Y (zh) * 1999-05-13 2000-08-30 中国人民解放军57605部队 一种含有颗粒状吸附剂的净化过滤材料
CN1552454A (zh) * 2003-05-31 2004-12-08 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 一种用于吸附和灭活病毒的多孔固体材料及其应用
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