CN112868931A - Feed additive for improving lactation yield and reproductive performance of sows and application - Google Patents
Feed additive for improving lactation yield and reproductive performance of sows and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112868931A CN112868931A CN202110253205.0A CN202110253205A CN112868931A CN 112868931 A CN112868931 A CN 112868931A CN 202110253205 A CN202110253205 A CN 202110253205A CN 112868931 A CN112868931 A CN 112868931A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows and application thereof, and relates to the field of feed additives. The feed additive is prepared by microcapsule fat powder rich in omega 3 fatty acid and a traditional Chinese medicine composition consisting of angelica sinensis, cowherb seed, astragalus mongholicus, beautiful sweetgum fruit, ricepaper pith, uniflower swisscentaury root, hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and red-rooted salvia root, and all the medicine components act together. The feed additive disclosed by the invention can obviously reduce the birth of newborn stillbirth, increase litter weight of newborn piglets, promote milk production of lactating sows, increase litter weight of weaning piglets, reduce the incidence rate of piglet diarrhea, positively influence the growth performance of the piglets, shorten the oestrus time of weaning sows, increase the chance of successful oestrus for conception, and positively promote the reproductive performance and the re-reproductive performance of sows.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feed additives, in particular to a feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the increasing intensification degree of the pig industry in China, the following current situations are generally existed in large-scale sow breeding: the sow has high litter size, and is easy to cause the reduction of organism nutrient reserve, poor energy-saving ability of feeding and adjusting and low feeding amount; the sow has insufficient lactation amount and poor quality, the death rate of piglets is increased easily, and the weight of weaning litter is light; the sow has large weaning weight loss, less ovulation and low fertilization rate; the sow after weaning estrus mating time is prolonged or does not estrus, the elimination rate is high, and the like. The problems seriously restrict the exertion of the production potential of sows in China.
The fat is the most effective energy, and researches show that the fat is added into the daily ration of the sow in the later period of pregnancy, so that the fat stored in the body of the newborn piglet can be increased, and the survival rate of the piglet is improved; the fat is added into the feed for the sows in the later gestation period and the breast-milk period, so that the weight gain of the piglets in the lactation period and the survival rate of the piglets can be increased, the weight gain of the piglets in the lactation period of the sows and the survival rate of the piglets can be reduced, the breast-milk energy loss in the lactation period of the sows can be reduced, the weight loss can be reduced, and the postweaning estrus interval of the lactating sows can; it also affects milk fat content and alters the fatty acid composition in milk, however, the addition of fat to a lactating feed rarely achieves the desired effect.
The Chinese herbal medicine contains natural active substances, has the advantages of no drug resistance, small toxic and side effects, no drug residue and the like compared with antibiotics, and has the effects of enhancing the resistance of livestock and poultry, improving the immunity, promoting the growth and promoting the lactation of sows. At present, the influence of Chinese herbal medicines on the production performance of live pigs is researched a lot, and research reports show that the Chinese herbal medicines can obviously improve the production performance of live pigs and are widely applied, but the influence of the Chinese herbal medicines on the reproductive performance and lactation of sows is not researched a lot.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows and the application thereof, the feed additive is prepared from microcapsule fat powder and a traditional Chinese medicine composition, the feeding of the sows in the later gestation period and the sows in the lactation period can be promoted after the use, the feed intake is obviously increased, the lactation yield is obviously increased, the litter weight of weaned piglets is increased, the oestrus interval of the weaned sows is shortened, and the feed additive has obvious positive effects on the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 3-8 parts of angelica, 3-8 parts of cowherb seed, 10-16 parts of astragalus, 3-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3-8 parts of ricepaper pith, 5-10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 2-6 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Preferably, the feed additive is further optimized for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows, and consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 5-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 5-8 parts of cowherb seed, 12-16 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 5-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 5-8 parts of ricepaper pith, 5-8 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4-6 parts of herba lycopi and 5-8 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Preferably, the feed additive is further optimized for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows, and consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Preferably, as a further optimization of the feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows, the microcapsule fat powder takes deep-sea fish oil as a core material and dextrin and casein as wall materials, and is fully heated, stirred and dissolved in an oil/water solvent to form the microcapsule fat powder, and the specific preparation steps are as follows: stirring 10 parts of dextrin, 10 parts of casein and 60 parts of water at 60 ℃ for more than 2 hours to form a uniform water phase solvent; adding deep sea fish oil into the water phase solvent, stirring uniformly to obtain W/O type emulsion, then grinding the emulsion by a colloid mill or shearing by a shearing pump, controlling the homogenizing pressure to homogenize the material liquid under the high pressure of 30-40MPa, pressurizing to 4-8MPa, controlling the air inlet temperature of a drying tower to be 140-160 ℃ and the air outlet temperature to be 60-80 ℃, and carrying out pressure spray drying on the material liquid to obtain microcapsule-extracted fat powder.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a preparation method of the feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows, and the feed additive is prepared according to the following steps: weighing the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 3-8 parts of cowherb seed, 10-16 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3-8 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5-10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 2-6 parts of herba lycopi and 5-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, cleaning the raw materials, drying, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, uniformly mixing, then adding 40-60 parts of microcapsule fat powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the feed additive.
In another aspect, the invention also provides application of the feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows, the feed additive is used for the sows in the late gestation period and the lactation period, the addition amount of the feed additive is 1-2% of the daily ration, and the sows are fed by free ingestion and free drinking water.
The feed additive of the invention relates to the pharmacological effects of the traditional Chinese medicine components:
chinese angelica: sweet and pungent in flavor and warm in nature, and enter liver, heart and spleen meridians; has effects in replenishing blood, promoting blood circulation, regulating menstruation, relieving pain, and loosening bowel to relieve constipation; can be used for treating blood deficiency, sallow complexion, giddiness, palpitation, menoxenia, asthenia cold, abdominal pain, constipation due to intestinal dryness, and rheumatalgia; modern pharmacological studies show that angelica has the effects of reducing platelet aggregation and resisting thrombus, promoting the function of a hematopoietic system, reducing blood fat and resisting arteriosclerosis, resisting oxidation and removing free radicals and enhancing the function of an immune system.
Seed of cowherb: mild in nature and bitter in taste; entering liver and stomach meridians; has effects in promoting blood circulation, dredging channels, promoting lactation, relieving swelling, inducing diuresis, and treating stranguria; can be used for treating amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, galactorrhea, acute mastitis, and stranguria with astringency; the semen vaccariae contains the chemical components of triterpenoid saponin, cyclic peptide, flavonoid, amino acid, polysaccharide and the like, and can promote the mammary gland development and the lactation capability of animals, increase the milk yield, improve the effective components in milk and prevent and treat mastitis.
Astragalus root: mild in nature and sweet in taste; spleen and lung meridian entered; has the effects of tonifying qi and yang, consolidating superficial resistance and arresting sweating, inducing diuresis and reducing edema, expelling toxin and discharging pus, healing sore and promoting granulation and the like, and is mainly used for treating diseases such as spleen-lung qi deficiency, sinking of middle-jiao, superficial deficiency and spontaneous sweating, qi deficiency edema, sore and carbuncle which are difficult to ulcerate, chronic ulceration which is difficult to heal and the like. The astragalus is rich in a plurality of effective components such as folic acid, carotene, polysaccharide, flavone amino acid, vitamin D, trace elements and the like; wherein, the astragalus polysaccharide is a main active ingredient and has the functions of enhancing the immunity of the organism, improving the inoxidizability of the organism, adjusting the micro-ecological balance of intestinal microbial flora, inhibiting bacteria and viruses, improving the production performance, the reproductive performance and the like.
The road is through: bitter taste and mild nature; entering liver and kidney meridians; has the effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, activating collaterals, inducing diuresis, dredging channels, etc., and can be used for treating water swelling, hypogalactia, amenorrhea, etc.
Ricepaperplant pith: sweet and light taste, slightly cold in nature; entering lung and stomach meridians; has effects in clearing away heat, promoting urination, and promoting qi and milk secretion, and can be used for treating damp-heat stranguria, edema, oliguria, and agalactia.
And (4) uniflower swisscentaury root: bitter taste and cold nature; entering stomach meridian; has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, eliminating carbuncle, promoting lactation, relaxing muscles and tendons, and dredging collaterals, and can be used for treating acute mastitis, swelling and pain, and galactostasis.
Herba lycopi: bitter and pungent taste, slightly warm in nature; liver and spleen meridian entered; has effects in promoting blood circulation, regulating menstruation, removing blood stasis, resolving carbuncle, inducing diuresis, and relieving swelling, and can be used for treating menoxenia, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, puerperal blood stasis and abdominal pain, skin ulcer, carbuncle, toxic swelling, edema, and ascites.
Red sage root: bitter taste and cold nature; the liver meridian entered the heart; has effects in promoting blood circulation, dispelling blood stasis, relieving pain and pain of dysmenorrhea, clearing away heart-fire, relieving restlessness, cooling blood, and eliminating carbuncle; can be used for treating thoracic obstruction, heart pain, abdominal pain, hypochondriac pain, abdominal mass, pain due to arthralgia, vexation, insomnia, menoxenia, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea, and pyocutaneous disease with swelling and pain.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows and application thereof. The feed additive is prepared by microcapsule fat powder rich in omega 3 fatty acid and a traditional Chinese medicine composition consisting of angelica sinensis, cowherb seed, astragalus mongholicus, beautiful sweetgum fruit, ricepaper pith, uniflower swisscentaury root, hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and red-rooted salvia root, and all the medicine components act together. The feed additive disclosed by the invention can obviously reduce the occurrence of newborn stillbirth, increase litter weight of newborn piglets, promote the increase of the milk yield of lactating sows, increase litter weight of weaned piglets, reduce the incidence rate of diarrhea of piglets, positively influence the growth performance of the piglets, shorten the oestrus time of the weaned sows, increase the chances of successful oestrus conception, and positively promote the reproductive performance and the re-reproductive performance of the sows.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A feed additive for improving lactation yield and reproductive performance of sows is prepared by the following steps:
weighing the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of angelica sinensis, 3 parts of cowherb seed, 10 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 2 parts of herba lycopi and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, cleaning the raw materials, drying, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, uniformly mixing, then adding 40 parts of microcapsule fat powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the feed additive.
The microcapsule fat powder is prepared by taking deep sea fish oil as a core material and dextrin and casein as wall materials, fully heating, stirring and dissolving the deep sea fish oil and the dextrin and the casein in an oil/water solvent to form the microcapsule fat powder, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps: stirring 10 parts of dextrin, 10 parts of casein and 60 parts of water at 60 ℃ for more than 2 hours to form a uniform water phase solvent; adding deep sea fish oil into the water phase solvent, stirring uniformly to obtain W/O type emulsion, then grinding the emulsion by a colloid mill or shearing by a shear pump, controlling the homogenizing pressure to homogenize the material liquid under 35MPa, pressurizing to 6MPa, controlling the air inlet temperature of a drying tower to be 150 ℃ and the air outlet temperature to be 70 ℃, and carrying out pressure spray drying on the material liquid to obtain microcapsule-extracted fat powder.
The feed additive is used for sows in the late gestation period and the lactation period, the addition amount of the feed additive is 1-2% of the daily ration by weight, and free feeding and free drinking are adopted for feeding.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 60 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 8 parts of angelica, 8 parts of cowherb seed, 16 parts of astragalus, 8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 8 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 6 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 45 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 5 parts of angelica, 5 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 5 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 5 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 55 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 8 parts of angelica, 8 parts of cowherb seed, 16 parts of astragalus, 8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 8 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 8 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 6 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 8 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that:
the weight parts of the raw materials are as follows: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
Test example 1
The invention adopts the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, selects medicinal materials and makes the prescription of the medicinal materials, and because the experimental data is more, the prescription is adjusted and tested for many times, only a plurality of groups of prescriptions with higher curative effect are listed and compared with the prescription of the invention.
Formula 1: 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of herba lycopi and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
And (2) formula: 50 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaper pith and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
And (3) formula: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root and 4 parts of herba lycopi.
And (4) formula: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of ricepaper pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of herba lycopi and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
And (5) formula: microencapsulated fat powder.
The formula of the invention is as follows: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
The feed additives are respectively prepared according to the formula, and the preparation steps are prepared according to the method in example 1, so that the feed additives under the formulas are respectively obtained.
1 materials and methods
1.1 test animals and groups
70 pregnant sows with similar fat condition, fetal times and body weight, good health condition and normal nipples are selected and randomly divided into 7 groups, each group has 10 repetitions, and 1 sow is repeated, wherein each group is a blank group, a test group and a control group 1-5.
1.2 test methods
The experimental period started in the late gestation period (day 90) until weaning of the piglets 28 days after delivery of the sows. Feeding basal diet in blank group; the test group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 2% of the feed additive prepared according to the formula of the present invention; feeding control groups 1-5 with 2% of the feed additive prepared according to formulas 1-5; the breeding house is fed twice a day, and is free to eat and drink water, so that the breeding house is kept clean. The sow is driven into a positioning fence for feeding 5 days before delivery, the feeding amount is reduced 3 days before delivery, the sow can be fed with 1.5-2kg of daily ration on the day of delivery, the feeding amount 2-3 days after delivery is 1/2 of the normal feeding amount, and then the sow is gradually transited to free feeding.
1.3 measurement Standard
1.3.1 determination of milk secretion: the lactation period of the sow is 28 days, the lactation amount is measured once every 4 days in the lactation period for 7 times, each time is 24 hours, the lactation amount is measured once every 6 hours, the lactation amount is measured 4 times in the whole day, the method for measuring the lactation amount is to weigh the litter weight of the piglet before and after lactation, the difference of the litter weight of the piglet before and after lactation is the lactation amount, and the whole-day lactation amount and the total lactation amount are calculated.
1.3.2 determination of sow reproductive performance: accurately recording the litter size, the number of newborn dead births, the weight of newborn litter, the weight of weaning litter and the survival rate of weaning.
2 results and analysis
Table 1 shows the effect of the formula feed additive of the present invention on the lactation yield and reproductive performance of sows. The litter size of each group was not significantly different ((P > 0.05); the number of newborn dead births of the test group and the control group 1-5 was significantly reduced and significantly different (P < 0.05); the number of newborn dead births of the test group was also reduced and significantly different (P < 0.05); the number of newborn dead births of the control group 1-5 was not different (P > 0.05); the weight of newborn litter and the weight of weaning litter of the test group and the control group 1-5 were significantly increased and significantly different (P < 0.05); the weight of newborn litter and the weight of weaning litter of the test group were also significantly increased and significantly different (P < 0.05); the weight of newborn litter and the weight of weaning litter of the control group 2-5 were slightly higher than that of the control group 1, respectively, compared to the control group 1, because the feed additives in the control group 2-5 and the test group contained microencapsulated fat powder, the microcapsule fatty powder contains a large amount of omega 3 fatty acids, has high physiological energy value, high metabolic energy value and small heat loss, can provide higher energy concentration, meets the requirement of sows on high energy, and has positive influence on weight gain of piglets; the weaning survival rate of the test group is obviously higher than that of the blank group and the control group by 1-5, and the difference is obvious (P is less than 0.05); compared with a blank group, the full-day lactation yield and the 28-day total lactation yield of the test group are far higher than those of the blank group, the difference is extremely obvious (P is less than 0.05), and compared with control groups 1-5, the full-day lactation yield and the 28-day total lactation yield of the test group are obviously higher than those of the control groups 1-5, and the difference is obvious (P is less than 0.05); the test results show that the feed additive can obviously reduce the occurrence of newborn stillbirth, can increase the weight of newborn piglets, promote sows in the lactation period to increase the milk yield, effectively increase the weight of the piglets, improve the survival rate of weaned piglets and have positive influence on the reproductive performance of the sows. The feed additive is prepared by microcapsule fat powder rich in omega 3 fatty acid and a traditional Chinese medicine composition consisting of angelica, cowherb seed, astragalus, beautiful sweetgum fruit, ricepaper pith, uniflower swisscentaury root, hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and red sage root, all the medicine components act together, and the ingredients of the formula are absent.
Table 1 effect of the feed additive according to the invention on lactation yield and reproductive performance of sows
Note: the different lower case letters of the shoulder marks of the same row indicate that the difference is significant (P <0.05), and the same letters without shoulder marks or labels indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05).
Test example 2
1 materials and methods
1.1 test animals and groups
40 pregnant sows with similar fat condition, fetal times and body weight, good health condition and normal nipples are selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, each group has 10 repetitions, and each repetition has 2 sows which are respectively a blank group and a test group.
1.2 test methods
The experimental period started in the late gestation period (day 90) until weaning of the piglets 28 days after delivery of the sows. Feeding basal diet in blank group; the test group was fed a basal diet supplemented with 2% of the feed additive prepared according to the formula of the present invention; the breeding house is fed twice a day, and is free to eat and drink water, so that the breeding house is kept clean. The sow is driven into a positioning fence for feeding 5 days before delivery, the feeding amount is reduced 3 days before delivery, the sow can be fed with 1.5-2kg of daily ration on the day of delivery, the feeding amount 2-3 days after delivery is 1/2 of the normal feeding amount, and then the sow is gradually transited to free feeding.
1.3 evaluation Standard
The whole course of the experiment tracks and counts the pregnancy, parturition and lactation performance of the multiparous sows and the growth, development and health condition of the suckling piglets.
1.3.1 measurement of sow reproductive performance and piglet growth performance: litter size, number of newborn stillbirths, litter weight at weaning, weaning survival rate, oestrus and oestrus conception rates within 7 days after weaning, diarrhoea rate of sows and piglets during the test period were accurately recorded.
1.3.2 determining the lactation capacity and milk quality of the sow: (1) the lactation period of the sow is 28 days, the lactation amount is measured once every 4 days in the lactation period for 7 times, each time is 24 hours, the lactation amount is measured once every 6 hours, the lactation amount is measured 4 times in the whole day, the method for measuring the lactation amount is to weigh the litter weight of the piglet before and after lactation, the difference of the litter weight of the piglet before and after lactation is the lactation amount, and the whole-day lactation amount and the total lactation amount are calculated; (2) from the 5 th day of the lactation period, randomly collecting normal milk of 5 sows in a test group and a control group every 5 days, keeping at-20 ℃ for later use, measuring the content of milk protein, lactose, milk fat and non-milk fat solid in the normal milk, and testing for 4 times; (3) colostrum (within 3h of birth) of 5 sows is randomly collected from each of the test group and the control group, and stored at 20 ℃ for later use, and the content of IgG in the colostrum is measured.
2 results and analysis
2.1 the influence of the feed additive of the invention on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of piglets
As can be seen from the results in table 2, the litter size of the test group was not significantly different from that of the blank group (P > 0.05); compared with the blank group, the number of newborn stillbirth of the test group is obviously reduced, the weight of newborn litter, the weight of weaning litter and the survival rate of weaning are obviously increased, the diarrhea rate of piglets is also obviously reduced, and the difference is obvious (P is less than 0.05); the oestrus rate of sows in the test group within 7 days after weaning can reach 90 percent and is obviously higher than that of the blank group, the conception rate in the oestrus period can reach 100 percent and is far higher than that of the blank group, and the difference is obvious (P is less than 0.05); the difference of the diarrhea rate of the sows in the blank group and the test group is not significant (P > 0.05).
TABLE 2 Effect of the feed additive of the invention on the reproductive performance of sows and the growth performance of piglets
| Item | Blank group | Test group |
| Litter size/head | 11±0.97 | 12±0.43 |
| Number of new born dead fetus/head | 2±0.84a | 0.9±0.01b |
| Weight/kg of newborn nest | 12.24±1.43a | 17.31±1.30b |
| Weight/kg of weaned litter | 76.05±4.01a | 85.98±3.66b |
| Weaning survival Rate/% | 91.44±0.32a | 96.87±0.41b |
| Oestrus rate/% within 7 days after weaning | 70.00（14/20） | 90.00（18/20） |
| Estrus conception rate/%) | 85.71（12/14） | 100.00（18/18） |
| Sow diarrhea rate/%) | 13.61±0.61 | 9.76±0.15 |
| Rate of diarrhea/percent of piglets | 43.26±2.94 a | 13.22±0.92 b |
Note: the different lower case letters of the shoulder marks of the same row indicate that the difference is significant (P <0.05), and the same letters without shoulder marks or labels indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05).
2.2 Effect of the feed additive of the invention on the lactation potency of sows
As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the whole-day milk secretion and the 28-day total milk secretion of the test group are far higher than those of the blank group, and the difference is extremely obvious (P < 0.05); the milk protein, the milk fat and the non-milk fat solid of the normal milk of the test group are obviously higher than those of the blank group, and the difference is obvious (P < 0.05); the content of colostrum IgG in the test group is obviously higher than that in the test group, and the difference is obvious (P < 0.05).
TABLE 3 influence of the feed additive of the invention on the lactation potency and milk quality of sows
| Item | Blank group | Test group |
| Lactation per kg of the whole day | 4.90±0.36a | 7.36±0.52b |
| Total lactation yield/kg in 28 days | 137.2±10.06a | 206.10±14.58b |
| Milk protein/%) | 4.63±0.15 a | 4.97±0.06 b |
| Lactose/%) | 5.61±0.07 | 5.84±0.01 |
| Milk fat/%) | 6.11±0.41 a | 7.26±0.22 b |
| Non-milk fat solids/% | 15.94±0.67 a | 17.49±0.15 b |
| Colostrum IgG/(mg/mL) | 76.18±5.61 a | 92.99±4.69 b |
Note: the different lower case letters of the shoulder marks of the same row indicate that the difference is significant (P <0.05), and the same letters without shoulder marks or labels indicate that the difference is not significant (P > 0.05).
3 conclusion
The test results show that the feed additive can obviously reduce the birth of newborn stillbirth, has a promoting effect on litter weight of newborn piglets, obviously increases the milk yield of lactating sows, increases litter weight of weaned piglets, reduces the incidence rate of diarrhea of piglets, has a positive effect on the growth performance of piglets, can shorten the oestrus time of weaning sows, increases the chances of successful oestrus and conception, and has a promoting effect on the reproductive performance and the re-reproductive performance of sows.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 3-8 parts of angelica, 3-8 parts of cowherb seed, 10-16 parts of astragalus, 3-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3-8 parts of ricepaper pith, 5-10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 2-6 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
2. The feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows according to claim 1, which is characterized by consisting of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of microcapsule fatty powder, 5-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 5-8 parts of cowherb seed, 12-16 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 5-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 5-8 parts of ricepaper pith, 5-8 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4-6 parts of herba lycopi and 5-8 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
3. The feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of sows according to claim 1, which is characterized by consisting of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of microcapsule fat powder, 6 parts of angelica, 6 parts of cowherb seed, 12 parts of astragalus, 6 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 6 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 4 parts of hiraute shiny bugleweed herb and 5 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza.
4. The feed additive for improving the lactation yield and the reproductive performance of the sows according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the microcapsule fat powder is prepared by taking deep sea fish oil as a core material and dextrin and casein as wall materials, and fully heating and stirring the core material and the wall materials in an oil/water solvent to dissolve the core material and the wall materials to form the microcapsule fat powder, and the preparation method comprises the following specific steps: stirring 10 parts of dextrin, 10 parts of casein and 60 parts of water at 60 ℃ for more than 2 hours to form a uniform water phase solvent; adding deep sea fish oil into the water phase solvent, stirring uniformly to obtain W/O type emulsion, then grinding the emulsion by a colloid mill or shearing by a shearing pump, controlling the homogenizing pressure to homogenize the material liquid under the high pressure of 30-40MPa, pressurizing to 4-8MPa, controlling the air inlet temperature of a drying tower to be 140-160 ℃ and the air outlet temperature to be 60-80 ℃, and carrying out pressure spray drying on the material liquid to obtain microcapsule-extracted fat powder.
5. A method of preparing a feed supplement for improving lactation and reproductive performance of a sow as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed supplement is prepared by the steps of: weighing the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of angelica sinensis, 3-8 parts of cowherb seed, 10-16 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3-8 parts of beautiful sweetgum fruit, 3-8 parts of ricepaperplant pith, 5-10 parts of uniflower swisscentaury root, 2-6 parts of herba lycopi and 5-10 parts of salvia miltiorrhiza, cleaning the raw materials, drying, crushing, sieving by a 80-mesh sieve, uniformly mixing, then adding 40-60 parts of microcapsule fat powder, and uniformly mixing to obtain the feed additive.
6. The use of a feed additive for improving the lactation and reproductive performance of sows as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the feed additive is for sows in the late gestation and lactation period in an amount of 1-2% by weight of the daily ration, and is fed with free feed, free drinking water.
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