CN112868896A

CN112868896A - Method and system for preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure in harmless manner

Info

Publication number: CN112868896A
Application number: CN202110153317.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜化朋; 刘洁
Original assignee: Anhui Chenyuan Energy Saving Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Chenyuan Energy Saving Environmental Protection Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-06-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a system for preparing a mycoprotein feed by harmlessly preparing livestock and poultry manure, which comprises manure acidification, microwave hydrolysis, fermentation and dehydration, wherein in the fermentation, sterilized straw powder, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria are firstly added into slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis, then the mixture is subjected to sealed anaerobic fermentation for 72 hours at the temperature of 35-40 ℃, and finally, the fermented slurry is placed in a dry-wet separator to be dehydrated to a high-humidity material with the water content of 45 percent, and the high-humidity material is completely used as slurry feed for the breeding industry; the method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the harmless treatment of the livestock excrement can quickly prepare the mycoprotein feed with high nutritive value by the harmless treatment of the livestock excrement, and can solve the double problems of the shortage of protein resources in China and the environmental pollution of the livestock breeding excrement.

Description

Method and system for preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure in harmless manner

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure, and particularly relates to a method for preparing mycoprotein feed by harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure.

Background

In recent years, along with the increase of national economic level, the public demand for high-quality meat, eggs and milk products is gradually increased, and the increase of the demand indirectly promotes the obvious increase of the soybean demand. However, as China adheres to the bottom line of ' basic self-sufficiency of grains and absolute safety of grains ', the large-area popularization and planting of protein crops such as soybeans on a land area of 18 hundred million mu ' cannot be realized, so that the number of imported soybeans in China is continuously increased, the import dependence degree is as high as 70%, the soybean import requirement rigidity is high, the soybean import in China is limited in many aspects due to the restriction of international political and economic conditions, and the grain safety in China is seriously threatened. Therefore, a new protein acquisition way must be developed to replace imported soybeans and reduce the import requirements of the soybeans.

In addition, the soybean meal obtained after deep processing of the soybeans is mainly used for livestock breeding. In order to pursue the growth speed and high yield of livestock and poultry, breeding enterprises generally add bean pulp with a high proportion into the feed, so that the bean pulp cannot be completely absorbed and then excreted, thereby not only causing the waste of protein resources, but also causing environmental pollution. According to statistics, the content of crude protein in the chicken manure reaches 28.8 percent, the requirement of 13 to 18 percent of protein content in the pig feed is far exceeded, the content of organic substances reaches 68.3 percent, and the chicken manure also contains rich nutrients such as vitamins and inorganic salts. The pig has a long intestinal tract and a relatively high feed absorption rate, although the crude protein in the dry pig manure is only about 20%, the pig manure completely meets the protein demand content of ruminants such as cattle and sheep, and the manure has the organic substance content of 77%, is fine and smooth in texture, contains a large amount of sugar, can be completely used for the feed of the ruminants by carrying out harmless treatment on the manure to change the palatability.

The discharge of livestock manure has become one of three water pollution sources in parallel with industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. As described above, the absorption rate of the livestock on the feed is limited, and a large amount of organic substances which are not digested and absorbed are contained in the excrement, if the excrement is not subjected to innocent treatment in time, the excrement can be quickly rotten and fermented under certain conditions, and decomposed to generate H2S, NH3, amine, mercaptan, phenol, volatile organic acid, and a plurality of toxic and harmful substances such as indole, skatole, acetaldehyde and the like, and the air pollution can be caused when the gas is discharged into the atmosphere. In addition, the fecal wastewater contains a large amount of organic substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus, fecal residues and the like, and the substances flow through the polluted surface water through the surface of the earth and can also pollute the underground water through the soil infiltration effect, thereby causing the eutrophication of the water body and influencing the self-purification effect of the water body. N, P, etc. will cause high concentration of NO 2-NO 3-in groundwater, and may induce cancer or other diseases if people and livestock drink in large quantities for a long time. Meanwhile, a large amount of elements such as sodium, potassium and the like in the excrement are inversely aggregated to reduce micropores of the soil, so that the permeability of the soil is reduced, the soil is hardened, and the soil structure and the microbial ecological environment can be damaged by the residual of heavy metal elements, antibiotics and other drugs in the excrement. In addition, a large amount of harmful organisms such as worm eggs, escherichia coli, faecal cocci and the like exist in the excrement, and some of the excrement are also sources of diseases of people and livestock, so that the health of the people and livestock is endangered, a large amount of mosquitoes and flies are bred due to random accumulation, the growth of the livestock and the livestock is slowed down, the egg laying amount is reduced, the morbidity is increased, the cost of disinfection and medication is increased, and the steps are repeated to form a vicious circle. Therefore, as in the prior art, the method of mainly converting the feces into the organic fertilizer is not preferable, has great influence on the environment for a long time, and forms a vicious circle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preparing mycoprotein feed by harmlessly preparing livestock excrement, which is used for rapidly preparing the mycoprotein feed with high nutritive value by harmlessly preparing the livestock excrement and is used for solving the double problems of protein resource shortage in China and livestock breeding excrement environmental pollution.

The invention also aims to provide a system for harmlessly preparing the mycoprotein feed from the livestock and poultry manure, which has a simple and compact structure and small occupied area and avoids the problems of large-area construction of a fermentation tank and the like.

The method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the harmless treatment of the livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, acidifying the excrement, preparing the excrement into slurry, adding an acid catalyst into the slurry, standing, and preheating the slurry after standing;

s2, microwave hydrolysis, namely pumping the preheated slurry into a microwave digestion reactor for hydrolysis to kill eggs and pathogenic microorganisms in excrement, inactivating mycoprotein in the slurry, hydrolyzing the protein in the slurry, degrading antibiotics, destroying a cellulose crystal structure, forging and cracking glycosidic bonds to form a porous and fluffy humus structure, adsorbing water-soluble heavy metal ions in the excrement in humus gaps, so that the water-soluble heavy metal ions are not easily absorbed and utilized by organisms, reducing the bioavailability of heavy metals, and not easily absorbing the heavy metals by the organisms;

s3, fermenting, namely adding sterilized straw powder, yeast and lactic acid bacteria into the slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis, sealing and performing anaerobic fermentation for 65-75 hours at the temperature of 35-40 ℃, and converting inorganic nitrogen in the slurry into organic nitrogen to obtain fermented slurry containing the yeast, the lactic acid bacteria and metabolites alcohol and lactic acid;

s4, dehydrating, namely dehydrating the fermentation slurry to a high-humidity material with the water content of 42-45%, wherein the high-humidity material is completely used as slurry feed for the breeding industry, and the water removed from the fermentation slurry is circulated to the step S3 to be used as yeast and lactobacillus raw materials.

Preferably, in S1, the solid-liquid separation method is:

firstly, adding an acid catalyst and water into collected excrement, and fully stirring until the excrement is in a slurry state, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the slurry is 10-12: 1-1.2;

then standing for 10-20 minutes, sinking insoluble particles which do not react with the acid catalyst in the slurry and large-density ash particles existing in the slurry to the bottom of the slurry together, preheating the slurry on the upper part, and then feeding the slurry to a microwave digestion reactor; and (4) discharging and cleaning insoluble substances at the bottom, and adding the insoluble substances into the building materials in proportion.

Preferably, in S1, the preheating method includes: and (3) filling high-temperature steam into the slurry, stirring, and preheating the slurry to 95-100 ℃.

Preferably, in the step S2, the microwave hydrolysis is performed under normal pressure, and the hydrolysis temperature is 110 to 130 ℃.

Preferably, during microwave hydrolysis, volatilized catalyst, water vapor, condensable gas and non-condensable organic gas are generated and condensed, the volatilized catalyst, the water vapor and the condensable gas are condensed and refluxed, and the non-condensable organic gas is introduced into plasma treatment equipment for combustion and harmless treatment.

Preferably, in S3, the fermentation method is: firstly, cooling the slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis to 40-42 ℃;

then, synchronously adding the sterilized straw powder, the saccharomycetes and the lactic acid bacteria into the cooled slurry and fully mixing the sterilized straw powder, the saccharomycetes and the lactic acid bacteria, wherein the mass ratio of the slurry to the sterilized straw powder to the lactic acid bacteria is 200:20:1: 1; the strains of the yeast and the lactic acid bacteria are firstly subjected to aerobic propagation by using oxygen in the slurry, and when the oxygen is exhausted, anaerobic fermentation is performed for 71-73 hours in total.

Preferably, in the slurry cooling, circulating water is adopted for cooling, the heat in the cooling water is exchanged by a heat pump unit and heated to 60-65 ℃, and then the cooling water is circulated to S1 to be mixed with excrement to prepare the slurry.

Preferably, in the step S4, the high-humidity material is dried to a solid feed with a water content of 10-15%, and is sealed and stored.

A mycoprotein is prepared by the method.

A system for harmlessly preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure comprises a preheating mixing tank, a microwave digestion reactor, an anticorrosive cooling tank and a dry-wet separator, wherein the preheating mixing tank is used for preparing manure slurry and preheating the slurry, the microwave digestion reactor is used for carrying out microwave digestion on the slurry, the anticorrosive cooling tank is used for cooling and fermenting the slurry, and the dry-wet separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the slurry;

the rear part of the microwave digestion reactor is also connected with a condenser, and the condenser is used for condensing and refluxing gas generated in microwave digestion; a cooling interlayer is arranged outside the anticorrosion cooling tank, circulating water is introduced into the cooling interlayer, and the circulating water is heated under the action of high temperature of slurry in the anticorrosion cooling tank, then is exchanged by a heat pump unit to circulate to a hot water storage tank, and finally circulates to a preheating mixing tank to be mixed with excrement to prepare slurry;

preheating and mixing tank is last to be connected with and to store up sour jar and hot water storage tank, preheating and mixing tank top is connected with and connects the thick liquids pump of reactor is cleared up to the microwave, and the bottom is provided with the bin outlet.

The method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the livestock manure in a harmless way, which adopts the technical scheme, has the beneficial effects that:

1. by the method, the livestock manure is completely harmlessly converted into the mycoprotein feed and is completely added into the feed to be repeatedly utilized, so that the problem that soil hardening is caused by soil eutrophication or sodium and potassium ion loss in soil due to more or less conversion of the livestock manure into organic fertilizer applied to the earth surface in the prior art is solved.

2. Through microwave hydrolysis, due to the combined action of high-energy electromagnetic waves and a catalyst, eggs and pathogenic microorganisms in excrement are effectively killed, mycoprotein in the slurry is inactivated, protein in the slurry is hydrolyzed, antibiotics are degraded, a cellulose crystal structure is damaged, part of glycosidic bonds are forged and cracked to form a porous and fluffy humus structure, water-soluble heavy metal ions in the excrement are adsorbed in the humus gaps and are not easily absorbed and utilized by organisms, so that the biological effectiveness of heavy metals in the materials is reduced and passivated, and the heavy metals are prevented from being absorbed by the organisms.

3. In the anaerobic fermentation process, the yeast and the lactic acid bacteria are used for anaerobic fermentation, so that the fermented feed with stronger bouquet can be obtained, and the palatability of the feed is changed. Meanwhile, the fermented feed contains a large amount of yeast, lactic acid bacteria and aromatic substances such as metabolic products of alcohol, lactic acid and the like, and can convert a large amount of inorganic nitrogen such as uric acid, urea and the like in excrement into organic nitrogen-mycoprotein. Meanwhile, the carbon source of the fermentation substrate is added by the straw powder, and during liquid fermentation, the nutrient substance conduction of the fermentation substrate is far faster than that of solid fermentation, so that thalli can be rapidly decomposed, and sugar in the straw is utilized to be converted into alcohol and lactic acid. The straw powder is obtained by grinding the straw, other treatment is not needed, the cost is saved, the process is simplified, the cellulose and lignin in the straw are well reserved, and the method is suitable for animal rumination. Compared with the traditional fermentation method, the fermentation method saves a large amount of time, not only eliminates and passivates harmful substances in the excrement, but also fully utilizes inorganic nitrogen in the excrement, preserves various nutrient element nutrient substances such as N, P, k, NA and the like in the excrement, and greatly improves the palatability of the fermented feed of the livestock excrement.

The system for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the harmless preparation of the livestock manure has the beneficial effects that: the system has compact equipment structure and small occupied area, effectively avoids the problems of large-area construction of a fermentation tank and the like through microwave hydrolysis and rapid fermentation, and has low cost; the treatment process is green and environment-friendly: no waste water, solid waste and malodorous gas are discharged in the treatment process, while the traditional livestock manure treatment mode often produces malodorous gas such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like and high-concentration organic waste water to be discharged, thereby not only causing the loss of nutrient elements, but also easily causing environmental pollution.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock manure in a harmless manner according to the technical scheme of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

The method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the harmless treatment of the livestock and poultry manure sequentially comprises the steps of solid-liquid separation, microwave hydrolysis, anaerobic fermentation and dehydration.

Step one, fecal acidification, namely preparing fecal into slurry, adding an acid catalyst into the slurry, standing, and preheating the slurry after standing. The excrement is acidified, so that aggregate in the excrement is removed as much as possible, and an acid environment is provided for subsequent hydrolysis to promote the hydrolysis degree and the hydrolysis time.

The specific solid-liquid separation method comprises the following steps: firstly, placing collected excrement in a preheating mixing tank, adding an acid catalyst and water into the preheating mixing tank, and fully stirring until the excrement is in a slurry state, wherein the solid-to-liquid ratio of the slurry is 10-12: 1-1.2. The optimal solid-liquid ratio of the slurry is 10: 1. The acidic catalyst is one or more of acetic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid. The acid catalyst is liquid and has a concentration of 1-4%.

And then, standing the mixed slurry for 10-20 minutes. In the standing process, part of the acid catalyst reacts with calcium carbonate aggregate in the excrement slurry, and the generated carbon dioxide gas drags the organic matters with lighter density to the upper part of the slurry in the overflowing process. At the same time, the insoluble particles in the slurry that do not react with the acid catalyst sink to the bottom of the slurry along with the high density ash particles present in the slurry. After preheating, pumping the slurry on the upper part out of the top of the preheating mixing tank and inputting the slurry into the microwave digestion reactor. And (3) discharging insoluble substances at the bottom from the bottom of the preheating mixing tank, washing, disinfecting and cleaning the insoluble substances, and proportionally adding the insoluble substances into the building materials for recycling as the building materials.

The specific preheating method comprises the following steps: and (3) filling high-temperature steam into the preheating mixing tank, stirring, and preheating the slurry to 95-100 ℃. During preheating, high-temperature steam can be prepared by heating natural gas and the like, so that the heating power consumption during microwave hydrolysis is reduced, the heating time is shortened, and the subsequent microwave hydrolysis efficiency is improved.

Step two, microwave hydrolysis: and pumping the preheated slurry into a microwave digestion reactor for hydrolysis. The hydrolysis is carried out under normal pressure, the hydrolysis temperature is 110-130 ℃, the microwave frequency is 500-5000MHz, and the microwave time is 30-70 minutes. During microwave hydrolysis, produce volatile catalyst, vapor, condensable gas and noncondensable organic gas and pass through the condenser, volatile catalyst, vapor and condensable gas are through condensation reflux, and noncondensable organic gas introduces plasma treatment equipment and burns innocent treatment, really realizes not having waste gas waste residue and waste water discharge. The microwave hydrolysis can quickly and thoroughly detoxify the feces of the livestock within 30-60 minutes.

In the microwave hydrolysis process, due to the combined action of high-energy electromagnetic waves and a catalyst, a large amount of worm eggs and pathogenic microorganisms in the livestock manure are thoroughly killed, and the self mycoprotein in the livestock manure is inactivated and is subjected to microwave digestion together with other proteins which are not absorbed and utilized by the livestock to form soluble micromolecular substances such as organic matter polypeptide, amino acid and the like with light density. Meanwhile, the Tetracycline (TCs), sulfanilamide and other antibiotics in the excrement have poor thermal stability, are rapidly decomposed by heating particularly in an acidic catalytic environment, the degradation rates of the tetracycline and the sulfanilamide antibiotics can respectively reach 99.8 percent and 99 percent through tests, and the antibiotic decomposition effect is extremely obvious. In addition, the crystal structure of cellulose and hemicellulose in the livestock and poultry excrement is destroyed under the catalysis of electromagnetic waves and an acidic catalyst, part of glycosidic bonds are forged and cracked to form a porous and fluffy humus structure, and water-soluble heavy metal ions in the excrement are adsorbed in gaps of the humus and are not easily absorbed and utilized by organisms, so that the biological effectiveness of heavy metals in the materials is reduced and passivated.

Experiments show that when the energy is input to be 60J/g and the acid concentration is 3% in the working process of the microwave digestion reactor, the degradation rates of tetracycline and sulfa antibiotic can reach 99.8% and 99% respectively, and the antibiotic decomposition effect is extremely obvious.

And step three, fermentation, namely adding sterilized straw powder, saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria into the slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis, sealing and carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 65-75 hours at the temperature of 35-40 ℃, and converting inorganic nitrogen in the slurry into organic nitrogen to obtain fermented slurry containing saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria and metabolites of alcohol and lactic acid.

The specific fermentation method comprises the following steps:

firstly, pumping the slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis into an anticorrosive cooling tank, and cooling to 40-42 ℃. Then, the sterilized straw powder, the yeast and the lactic acid bacteria are synchronously added into an antiseptic cooling tank and fully mixed with the slurry, and the mass ratio of the slurry to the sterilized straw powder to the yeast to the lactic acid bacteria is 200:20:1: 1. The method comprises the following steps of firstly carrying out aerobic propagation on yeast and lactobacillus strains in an anticorrosive cooling tank by using oxygen in the anticorrosive cooling tank, carrying out anaerobic fermentation when the oxygen in the anticorrosive cooling tank is exhausted, wherein the total fermentation time is 71-73 hours, and the optimal fermentation time is 72 hours.

After the pulp is subjected to anaerobic culture for 72 hours, the fermented feed with stronger bouquet can be obtained. The fermented feed contains a large amount of yeast, lactic acid bacteria and aroma-producing substances such as metabolites of alcohol and lactic acid, so that the palatability of the feces of the livestock and the poultry is improved, and a large amount of inorganic nitrogen such as uric acid and urea in the feces can be converted into organic nitrogen-mycoprotein. Meanwhile, the carbon source of the fermentation substrate is added by the straw powder, and during liquid fermentation, the nutrient substance conduction of the fermentation substrate is far faster than that of solid fermentation, so that thalli can be rapidly decomposed, and sugar in the straw is utilized to be converted into alcohol and lactic acid.

Compared with the traditional fermentation method, the fermentation method saves a large amount of time, not only eliminates and passivates harmful substances in the excrement, but also fully utilizes inorganic nitrogen in the excrement, preserves various nutrient element nutrient substances such as N, P, k, NA and the like in the excrement, and greatly improves the palatability of the fermented feed of the livestock excrement. The fermented feed contains a large amount of beneficial strains such as saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria and metabolites such as alcohol and lactic acid, and can reduce the pH of intestinal tracts, so that the propagation and growth of pathogenic bacteria such as escherichia coli and salmonella can be inhibited, the immune function of animals can be improved, various bacterial and viral diseases can be effectively prevented, the dosage of the medicine can be reduced, and the medicine expense can be reduced.

In the slurry cooling process before fermentation, the slurry is cooled in a water cooling mode, so that the cooling efficiency is improved. And a cooling interlayer is arranged outside the anticorrosive cooling tank, circulating water is introduced into the cooling interlayer, the cooling interlayer is cooled by the circulating water, heat in the cooling water is exchanged by a heat pump unit and heated to 60-65 ℃, and then the heat is circulated to S1 to be mixed with excrement to prepare slurry.

And step four, dehydrating, namely placing the fermented slurry in a dry-wet separator to dehydrate the fermented slurry to a high-humidity material with the water content of 42-45%, wherein the high-humidity material is completely used as slurry feed for the breeding industry, and the water dehydrated from the dry-wet separator is circulated to the step three to be used as yeast and lactobacillus raw materials, so that the use cost of the microbial inoculum is greatly reduced. The moisture content of the high-humidity material is optimally kept at 45 percent.

In order to further facilitate the maintenance and transportation of the protein feed, the high-humidity material can be dried by a dryer until the water content of the solid feed is 10-15%, and the solid feed is sealed and stored.

A mycoprotein is prepared by the method.

As shown in fig. 1, a system for harmlessly preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure comprises a preheating mixing tank 2 for preparing manure slurry and preheating the slurry, a microwave digestion reactor 3 for performing microwave digestion on the slurry, an anticorrosive cooling tank 8 for cooling and fermenting the slurry and a dry-wet separator 9 for performing solid-liquid separation on the slurry, which are sequentially arranged.

The rear part of the microwave digestion reactor 3 is also connected with a condenser 6, and the condenser 6 carries out condensation reflux on the gas generated in the microwave digestion. The external portion of anticorrosive cooling tank 8 is provided with the cooling intermediate layer, it has the circulating water to let in the cooling intermediate layer, the circulating water heats up under the thick liquids high temperature effect in anticorrosive cooling tank 8 back, circulates through circulating pipe 10 and preheats in the compounding jar 2 and mixes with excrement and urine preparation thick liquids.

Preheat and be connected with on the compounding jar 2 and store up acid tank 4 and hot water storage tank 5, preheat 2 tops of compounding jar and be connected the slurry pump of reactor 3 is cleared up to the microwave, and the bottom is provided with the bin outlet, and insoluble materials such as solid in the slurry and the calcium carbonate that produces discharge through the bin outlet.

In conclusion, the method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the livestock and poultry manure in a harmless way, which adopts the technical scheme of the invention, has the following advantages:

(1) the harmless degree is high, the speed is high, the microwave hydrolysis is utilized for hydrolysis, and all pathogenic microorganisms are thoroughly killed while organic matters such as protein and the like in the excrement and antibiotics are decomposed. The method can rapidly and thoroughly detoxify the livestock and poultry manure within 30-60 minutes, the number of harmful bacteria and eggs in the pretreated livestock and poultry manure is zero, and the drug explanation rate of antibiotics and the like is more than 98%. However, in the prior art, the conventional aerobic and anaerobic composting treatment modes cannot completely make the feces of the livestock harmless in the short time, and a large amount of ova, harmful microorganisms, antibiotics and other drug residues still exist in the product.

2. The heavy metal element removal and passivation effect is obvious: because glycosidic bonds in a large amount of cellulose and hemicellulose in the livestock manure are destroyed under the action of electromagnetic waves and an acid catalyst, a porous humus structure is formed, free heavy metal ions are easily adsorbed, and heavy metal elements are not easily absorbed and utilized by organisms, so that the toxicity of the heavy metal elements in the livestock manure and the damage to organisms are passivated.

3. Greatly shortening the fermentation period: because the livestock manure is subjected to microwave hydrolysis treatment, harmful organisms in the manure are killed, proteins and starch sugars in the livestock manure are quickly digested into soluble micromolecular substances such as polypeptide, amino acid and glucose which can be directly absorbed and utilized by beneficial microorganisms, the proportion of nutrient substances which can be directly absorbed and utilized in a fermentation substrate is greatly improved, and meanwhile, liquid fermentation is used, the nutrient substances and heat are quickly conducted, and the fermentation period is greatly shortened. The liquid fermentation period adopted by the device only needs 72 hours, while the basic periods of aerobic and anaerobic fermentation of the traditional livestock manure are over 168 hours.

4. No loss of nutrient elements, full utilization of salts: compared with other harmless treatment modes of the livestock and poultry manure, the system equipment and the utilization mode have the advantages that specific microorganisms are adopted for anaerobic fermentation after microwave hydrolysis, no ammonia gas and a large amount of carbon dioxide are discharged, the loss of nutrient elements is less, salt enters the animal body along with fermented feed to be recycled, and the ecological structures such as soil hardening and the like cannot be damaged.

5. The treatment process is green and environment-friendly: no waste water, solid waste and malodorous gas are discharged in the treatment process, while the traditional livestock manure treatment mode often produces malodorous gas such as ammonia gas, hydrogen sulfide and the like and high-concentration organic waste water to be discharged, thereby not only causing the loss of nutrient elements, but also easily causing environmental pollution.

6. The system has compact structure and small occupied area, effectively avoids the problems of constructing a fermentation tank in a large area and the like through microwave hydrolysis and rapid fermentation, and has low cost.

7. The product value is high, the consumption frequency is high, the rigidity requirement and the consumption market are extremely large: compared with the traditional harmless recycling utilization mode of the livestock excrement, the fermented feed product produced by the method not only solves the problem of environmental pollution of the livestock excrement, but also can solve the problem of serious shortage of protein resources in China, converts a large amount of livestock excrement and crop straws into the fermented feed product with higher value, higher demand rigidity and extremely large consumption market, is not impacted by products such as chemical fertilizers and the like, promotes the green economic cycle in China, and is completely different from the products such as organic fertilizers which are traditional livestock excrement treatment products. Meanwhile, a new way is found for the treatment of the straws, and the utilization rate of the straws is improved.

Technical solution of the present invention is described above with reference to the embodiments, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, and it is within the scope of the present invention to adopt various insubstantial modifications of the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or to directly apply the concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without any modification.

Claims

1. A method for preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure in a harmless manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed by detoxifying livestock excrements as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the method for acidifying the excrements comprises the following steps:

3. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed by detoxifying livestock excrements as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preheating method in S1 is as follows: and (3) filling high-temperature steam into the slurry, stirring, and preheating the slurry to 95-100 ℃.

4. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock excrements in a harmless manner according to claim 1, wherein in the S2, the microwave hydrolysis is carried out at normal pressure, and the hydrolysis temperature is 110-130 ℃.

5. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed by harmless treatment of livestock excrement as claimed in claim 4, wherein during microwave hydrolysis, volatilized catalyst, water vapor, condensable gas and non-condensable organic gas are generated and condensed, the volatilized catalyst, water vapor and condensable gas are condensed and refluxed, and the non-condensable organic gas is introduced into plasma treatment equipment for combustion harmless treatment.

6. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed by detoxifying livestock excrements as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the fermentation method comprises the following steps: firstly, cooling the slurry subjected to microwave hydrolysis to 40-42 ℃;

7. The method for preparing the mycoprotein feed by the harmless treatment of the livestock excrements as claimed in claim 6, wherein the slurry is cooled by circulating water, the heat in the cooling water is exchanged by a heat pump unit and heated to 60-65 ℃, and then the heat is circulated to S1 to be mixed with the excrements to prepare the slurry.

8. The method for preparing mycoprotein feed by detoxifying livestock excrements as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the high-humidity material is dried to form a solid feed with the water content of 10-15%, and the solid feed is sealed and stored.

9. A mycoprotein, which is produced by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A system for harmlessly preparing mycoprotein feed from livestock and poultry manure is characterized by comprising a preheating mixing tank, a microwave digestion reactor, an anticorrosive cooling tank and a dry-wet separator, wherein the preheating mixing tank is used for preparing manure slurry and preheating the slurry, the microwave digestion reactor is used for carrying out microwave digestion on the slurry, the anticorrosive cooling tank is used for cooling and fermenting the slurry, and the dry-wet separator is used for carrying out solid-liquid separation on the slurry;