CN112858786A - Modular resistance voltage measuring device and method - Google Patents
Modular resistance voltage measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858786A CN112858786A CN202011640531.9A CN202011640531A CN112858786A CN 112858786 A CN112858786 A CN 112858786A CN 202011640531 A CN202011640531 A CN 202011640531A CN 112858786 A CN112858786 A CN 112858786A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16566—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533
- G01R19/16576—Circuits and arrangements for comparing voltage or current with one or several thresholds and for indicating the result not covered by subgroups G01R19/16504, G01R19/16528, G01R19/16533 comparing DC or AC voltage with one threshold
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/2806—Apparatus therefor, e.g. test stations, drivers, analysers, conveyors
- G01R31/2808—Holding, conveying or contacting devices, e.g. test adapters, edge connectors, extender boards
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2801—Testing of printed circuits, backplanes, motherboards, hybrid circuits or carriers for multichip packages [MCP]
- G01R31/281—Specific types of tests or tests for a specific type of fault, e.g. thermal mapping, shorts testing
- G01R31/2812—Checking for open circuits or shorts, e.g. solder bridges; Testing conductivity, resistivity or impedance
Abstract
The invention discloses a modular resistance voltage measuring device which comprises a test frame, a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition modules, a master control bottom plate and a multi-serial port management circuit, wherein the test frame is provided with a plurality of test pins; the test frame is provided with a detachable tray for fixing a PCBA board to be tested and a plurality of groups of thimbles arranged on the tray; each group of thimbles corresponds to the test points on the PCBA board to be tested one by one; the resistance voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and/or the resistance value of the test point corresponding to the group of thimbles and sending the voltage and/or the resistance value to the main control bottom plate through the serial port; the master control bottom plate is connected with the resistance voltage acquisition module and the multi-serial port management circuit; the multi-serial port management circuit acquires the test data of the resistance and/or the voltage from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode, can obviously shorten the measurement time and improve the measurement efficiency, and meanwhile, the invention also discloses a modular resistance voltage measurement method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of PCB detection, and particularly relates to a modular resistance voltage measuring device and method.
Background
At present, a production line usually adopts two modes of manual test and ICT test for testing the resistance and the voltage of a PCBA test point.
The manual test method comprises the following steps: and testing the impedance of each test point one by using the universal meter under the condition that the PCBA is not electrified, connecting the equipment to a power supply after the impedance test of all the test points is passed, adjusting the gear of the universal meter, and testing the voltage of each test point one by one. Each test point needs an operator to click and check and record a test result by using a universal meter pen, and the gear of the universal meter needs to be switched according to the specification of the test point in the process, so that errors are easy to occur, and the efficiency is low. The advantage is that, through operational training, theoretically manual methods can test any PCBA product.
The ICT test method comprises the following steps: ICT test equipment is usually a box type independent system, a PCBA is placed on a test frame of the ICT test equipment, a probe can be abutted against a test point on a board, the system can test impedance, a result is automatically judged, and data reading and transmission are completed. The equipment used in this method is complex and expensive, usually ranging from a few thousand to tens of thousands of equipment, each of which can only test one product. The method is generally used for products with high added value and large shipment quantity. Its advantages are high correctness and high effect.
More specifically:
the method has the advantages that: the ICT mainly has the function of judging whether the welding of each device on the PCBA is good or not by testing the impedance of a large number of point positions and using a complex algorithm.
The method has the advantages that: ICT usually does not use the switching circuit of the relay, but switch or enable ADC (analog-to-digital conversion chip) to gather each channel data through FPGA programming, the gathering speed is fast.
However, limitations of ICT test equipment are not negligible, specifically:
limitation 1: a large number of ADC circuits, typically several tens to thousands, are designed in ICT; the cost is very high.
Limitation 2: when ICT tests are carried out on different products, the needle bed needs to be replaced, the structure of the needle bed is complex, and the price is high.
Limitation 3: when ICT tests different products, each product needs a set of independent programming algorithm, the threshold of the programming technology is high, and the labor cost is high.
Limitation 4: ICTs typically do not measure the voltage level of the power supply within the board. If the voltage value of the power supply in the board needs to be measured, an external device needs to be added outside the ICT equipment.
In addition to the ICT test equipment, other solutions disclosed in the art are mostly performed by means of relay switching, such as: CN201320239969.5 discloses voltage test circuit and tool of PCBA board, the voltage test circuit of PCBA board includes: the voltage detection switching circuit, the processor, the analog-to-digital conversion circuit and the display driving circuit; the input end of the voltage detection switching circuit is correspondingly connected with the multi-path voltage output end, the output end of the voltage detection switching circuit is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit, the control end of the voltage detection switching circuit is connected with the processor, and multi-path voltage signals are switched according to the control of the processor; the output end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the processor, the control end of the analog-to-digital conversion circuit is connected with the processor, and voltage detection signals switched by the voltage detection switching circuit are subjected to analog-to-digital conversion and then output to the processor according to the control of the processor; the processor is connected with the display driving circuit. The invention realizes the automatic detection of the voltage of the PCBA and improves the detection efficiency of the voltage of the PCBA.
When the relay is used for switching the detection circuit, the voltage measurement can fluctuate, the interruption time is hundreds of milliseconds, more 2 seconds, and if the test sites of the whole PCBA board are more, the single board test time is also longer.
The technical problem to be solved by the scheme is as follows: how to shorten the measurement time of the PCB and improve the measurement efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a modularized resistance voltage measuring device and a method, which can obviously shorten the measuring time and improve the measuring efficiency.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a modular resistance voltage measuring device is provided, which comprises a test frame, a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition modules, a master control bottom plate and a multi-serial port management circuit;
the test frame is provided with a detachable tray for fixing a PCBA board to be tested and a plurality of groups of thimbles arranged on the tray; each group of thimbles corresponds to the test points on the PCBA board to be tested one by one;
the resistance voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and/or the resistance value of the test point corresponding to the group of thimbles and sending the voltage and/or the resistance value to the main control bottom plate through the serial port;
the master control bottom plate is connected with the resistance voltage acquisition module and the multi-serial port management circuit;
the multi-serial port management circuit acquires test data of resistance and/or voltage from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
In the modular resistance voltage measuring device, a slot and a power supply are arranged on the main control bottom plate, and the resistance voltage acquisition module is electrically connected to the slot; the ejector pin is connected to the slot through an ejector pin line; the resistance voltage acquisition module is in communication connection with the master control bottom plate through the slot, and the power supply supplies power to the resistance voltage acquisition module through the slot.
In foretell modularization resistance voltage measuring device, serial ports management circuit includes serial ports chip and singlechip, serial ports chip is used for receiving the data of the serial ports of resistance voltage acquisition module, the singlechip is used for controlling serial ports chip to gather the data of the serial ports of resistance voltage acquisition module, control resistance voltage acquisition module collection resistance data or voltage data through the mode of polling.
In the above modular resistance voltage measuring device, the single chip is further configured to power off the PCBA board when the resistance voltage collecting module collects the resistance of the test point, and power on the PCBA board when the resistance voltage collecting module collects the voltage of the test point.
In the modularized resistance voltage measuring device, the modularized resistance voltage measuring device further comprises an upper computer, and the upper computer is electrically connected with the main control bottom plate.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a modular resistance voltage measuring method, which adopts any one of the measuring devices to measure, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the multi-serial port management circuit issues a test instruction to the resistance voltage acquisition module;
step 2: the resistance voltage acquisition module detects the resistance and/or voltage of a test point on the PCBA board to be tested through the thimble;
and step 3: the multi-serial port management circuit acquires the resistance and voltage values of the test points on the PCBA board to be tested from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
In the above-mentioned modularization resistance voltage measuring method, in step 2, if the voltage of the test point on the PCBA board to be tested is to be tested, the PCBA board is controlled to be electrified through the multi-serial management circuit; and if the resistance of the test point on the PCBA board to be tested needs to be tested, controlling the PCBA board to be powered off through the multi-serial port management circuit.
In the above modular resistance voltage measuring method, further comprising step 4;
and 4, step 4: the upper computer acquires values of the resistor and the voltage from the multi-serial port management circuit and judges whether the values of the resistor and the voltage are qualified or not;
in the step 3, when the voltage value of any resistance voltage acquisition module obtained by the multi-serial port management circuit exceeds a preset threshold value, the power of the PCBA is controlled to be cut off.
In the above modular resistance-voltage measuring method, in the step 2, when the values of the resistance and/or the voltage are collected, data collection is performed for a plurality of times;
the criterion for judging the numerical stability is as follows: if the error of the sliding average value of the value acquired from the A-th time to the A-1 th time is within M%, judging that the numerical value is stable, wherein N is 3, 4 or 5; a is more than N, and M% is less than 20%;
if the standard of stable numerical value is not met, continuing to collect the values of the resistance and/or the voltage and judging whether the collected values reach the standard of stable numerical value; A. n is a positive integer.
In the above modular resistance voltage measurement method, after the determination is repeated X times, the standard of stable value still cannot be satisfied, and it is determined that the test at this point fails, and X > 15.
One of the above technical solutions of the present invention has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:
the invention does not judge and analyze whether the welding of the devices is good, but judges whether the function of the key circuit is good or not by testing whether the impedance value and the voltage of the key point on the PCBA are qualified or not. Although it is not as accurate as ICT to indicate which devices are not soldered or damaged, it is very quick to discover which critical circuits are malfunctioning at very low cost. The requirements of most production lines on testing and maintenance can be met, and the cost performance is high.
Compared with a method for switching a measurement channel by using a relay, the method provided by the invention can not switch the connection of each channel, so that the signal stabilization time after the circuit is switched does not need to be waited, the measurement speed is high, and the measured value is more stable and reliable.
Compared with ICT, the invention can also measure the voltage value of the power supply in the board.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples;
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the structure of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a method flowchart of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection or a movable connection, a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through one or more other elements or indirectly connected through one or more other elements or in an interactive relationship between two elements.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different aspects of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to FIG. 1: a modularized resistance voltage measuring device comprises a test frame 5, a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition modules 4, a master control bottom plate and a multi-serial port management circuit;
the test frame is provided with a detachable tray for fixing a PCBA board to be tested and a plurality of groups of thimbles arranged on the tray; each group of thimbles corresponds to the test points on the PCBA board to be tested one by one;
the resistance voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and/or the resistance value of the test point corresponding to the group of thimbles and sending the voltage and/or the resistance value to the main control bottom plate through the serial port;
the master control bottom plate is connected with the resistance voltage acquisition module and the multi-serial port management circuit;
the multi-serial port management circuit acquires test data of resistance and/or voltage from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
The working principle is as follows: the multi-serial port management circuit is connected to the main control bottom plate, the multi-serial port management circuit controls whether the resistance voltage acquisition module acquires resistance or voltage, if the resistance voltage acquisition module acquires voltage, the test frame is informed to electrify the PCBA, and if the resistance voltage acquisition module acquires resistance, the test frame is informed to cut off the power of the PCBA.
If need gather the voltage again and gather resistance, can be after the electricity is gone up to the PCBA board, wait for the PCBA board after stable, the voltage of having once only gathered all test points through a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition module, the serial ports management circuit acquires voltage data through the serial ports of a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition module of polling, the test jig is controlled again and is cut off the power supply to the PCBA board, the resistance of having once only gathered all test points through a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition module, the serial ports management circuit acquires resistance data through the serial ports of a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition module of polling.
Compare in traditional ICT test equipment, its simple structure both can survey resistance, can survey voltage again, and its equipment design manufacturing cost can reduce to below 1000 yuan, if will change the version type, only need to change the tray on the test jig can.
Compared with other equipment for voltage testing through the relay, the voltage testing device does not need to be switched, can test and poll the obtained result at one time, and does not generate voltage fluctuation.
Preferably, the main control bottom plate is provided with a slot and a power supply, and the resistance voltage acquisition module is electrically connected to the slot; the ejector pin is connected to the slot through an ejector pin line; the resistance voltage acquisition module is in communication connection with the main control bottom plate through a slot, the power supply supplies power to the resistance voltage acquisition module through the slot, the serial port management circuit comprises 16 serial port chips 2 and a single chip microcomputer 3, the serial port chips are used for receiving data of serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition module, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the serial port chips to acquire data of serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition module in a polling mode, controlling the resistance voltage acquisition module to acquire resistance data or voltage data, and is used for powering off the PCBA board when the resistance voltage acquisition module acquires resistance of test points and powering on the PCBA board when the resistance voltage acquisition module acquires voltage of the test points. The singlechip is preferably C51.
In this embodiment, still include host computer 1, host computer and master control bottom plate electricity are connected. The host computer is mainly used for controlling the singlechip, and the control personnel can write in the procedure in advance, and the test method to the board of waiting to test is saved in the host computer in advance, when testing, sends the test method to the singlechip, controls through the singlechip to carry out polling, control to which resistance voltage acquisition module's serial ports to go up or cut off the power supply to the PCBA board on the test jig, judges whether stable and should how to handle under the unstable condition of test result.
Meanwhile, the upper computer also receives the data of the serial port chip and can generate a test report to be displayed to a tester.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2, a method for measuring a modular resistance voltage by using the measuring apparatus according to embodiment 1 specifically includes:
step 1: the multi-serial port management circuit issues a test instruction to the resistance voltage acquisition module;
the single chip microcomputer of the multi-serial port management circuit issues a voltage test instruction or a resistance test instruction to each resistance voltage acquisition module; and when measuring voltage, the test frame is informed to electrify the PCBA, and when measuring resistance, the test frame is informed to cut off the power of the PCBA.
The single chip microcomputer also controls the serial port chip to acquire data of the serial port of the resistance voltage acquisition module in a polling mode.
Step 2: the resistance voltage acquisition module detects the resistance and/or voltage of a test point on the PCBA board to be tested through the thimble;
the thimble is connected to the main control bottom plate through a thimble line, is electrically connected to the slot, and sends the electric signal to the resistance voltage acquisition module through the slot;
in the step 2, when the values of the resistance and/or the voltage are acquired, data acquisition is carried out for a plurality of times;
the criterion for judging the numerical stability is as follows: if the error of the sliding average value of the value acquired from the A-th time to the A-1 th time is within M%, judging that the numerical value is stable, wherein N is 3, 4 or 5; a is more than N, and M% is less than 20%;
if the standard of stable numerical value is not met, continuing to collect the values of the resistance and/or the voltage and judging whether the collected values reach the standard of stable numerical value; A. n is a positive integer.
And after the judgment is carried out for X times, if the standard of stable numerical value can not be met, the test at the point is judged to fail, and X is more than 15.
And step 3: the multi-serial port management circuit acquires the resistance and voltage values of the test points on the PCBA board to be tested from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
When the multi-serial port management circuit obtains that the voltage value of any resistance voltage acquisition module exceeds a preset threshold value, controlling the PCBA board to be powered off. The predetermined threshold is generally greater than the pass voltage value of the test point and less than 2 times the pass voltage value of the test point.
And 4, step 4: and the upper computer acquires the values of the resistance and the voltage from the multi-serial port management circuit and judges whether the values of the resistance and the voltage are qualified or not.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A modularized resistance voltage measuring device is characterized by comprising a test frame, a plurality of resistance voltage acquisition modules, a master control bottom plate and a multi-serial port management circuit;
the test frame is provided with a detachable tray for fixing a PCBA board to be tested and a plurality of groups of thimbles arranged on the tray; each group of thimbles corresponds to the test points on the PCBA board to be tested one by one;
the resistance voltage acquisition module is used for acquiring the voltage and/or the resistance value of the test point corresponding to the group of thimbles and sending the voltage and/or the resistance value to the main control bottom plate through the serial port;
the master control bottom plate is connected with the resistance voltage acquisition module and the multi-serial port management circuit;
the multi-serial port management circuit acquires test data of resistance and/or voltage from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
2. The modular resistance voltage measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a slot and a power supply are arranged on the main control bottom plate, and the resistance voltage collecting module is electrically connected to the slot; the ejector pin is connected to the slot through an ejector pin line; the resistance voltage acquisition module is in communication connection with the master control bottom plate through the slot, and the power supply supplies power to the resistance voltage acquisition module through the slot.
3. The modular resistance voltage measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the serial port management circuit comprises a serial port chip and a single chip microcomputer, the serial port chip is used for receiving data of a serial port of the resistance voltage acquisition module, and the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the serial port chip to acquire the data of the serial port of the resistance voltage acquisition module in a polling mode and controlling the resistance voltage acquisition module to acquire the resistance data or the voltage data.
4. The modular resistor voltage measuring device of claim 3, wherein the single chip is further configured to power down the PCBA when the resistor voltage collecting module collects the resistance of the test point, and to power up the PCBA when the resistor voltage collecting module collects the voltage of the test point.
5. The modular resistance voltage measuring device according to claim 3, further comprising an upper computer, wherein the upper computer is electrically connected with the main control bottom plate.
6. A modular resistance voltage measurement method, characterized in that the measurement is performed by using the measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the method is specifically as follows:
step 1: the multi-serial port management circuit issues a test instruction to the resistance voltage acquisition module;
step 2: the resistance voltage acquisition module detects the resistance and/or voltage of a test point on the PCBA board to be tested through the thimble;
and step 3: the multi-serial port management circuit acquires the resistance and voltage values of the test points on the PCBA board to be tested from the serial ports of the resistance voltage acquisition modules in a polling mode.
7. The modular resistor voltage measuring method according to claim 6, wherein in step 2, if the voltage of the test point on the PCBA board to be tested is to be tested, the PCBA board is controlled to be powered on through the multi-serial port management circuit; and if the resistance of the test point on the PCBA board to be tested needs to be tested, controlling the PCBA board to be powered off through the multi-serial port management circuit.
8. The modular resistance voltage measurement method of claim 6, further comprising step 4;
and 4, step 4: the upper computer acquires values of the resistor and the voltage from the multi-serial port management circuit and judges whether the values of the resistor and the voltage are qualified or not;
in the step 3, when the voltage value of any resistance voltage acquisition module obtained by the multi-serial port management circuit exceeds a preset threshold value, the power of the PCBA is controlled to be cut off.
9. The modular resistance voltage measuring method according to claim 7, wherein in the step 2, when the values of the resistance and/or the voltage are collected, a plurality of data collection are performed;
the criterion for judging the numerical stability is as follows: if the error of the sliding average value of the value acquired from the A-th time to the A-1 th time is within M%, judging that the numerical value is stable, wherein N is 3, 4 or 5; a is more than N, and M% is less than 20%;
if the standard of stable numerical value is not met, continuing to collect the values of the resistance and/or the voltage and judging whether the collected values reach the standard of stable numerical value; A. n is a positive integer.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein if the criterion of numerical stability is not satisfied after repeating the determination X times, the test at the point is determined to have failed, and X > 15.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114088991A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-25 | 广东乐心医疗电子股份有限公司 | Circuit board testing method, device and system |
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