CN112858078A - Method and system for measuring elution amount of different particles on plant leaf surface by simulating rainfall - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring elution amount of different particles on plant leaf surface by simulating rainfall Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013074 reference sample Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 48
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of elution resistance of plant leaf surfaces, and discloses a method and a system for measuring elution amount of particulate matters with different particle sizes on plant leaf surfaces by simulating precipitation.A leacheate is prepared, distilled water is used as the leacheate, and the influence of impurities in tap water on a measurement result is reduced; the precipitation simulation device adopts an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield, a plant sample fixing device and an eluent collecting device; measuring leaching amount, combining leaching liquor through a plurality of layers of filter elements with different pore diameters, and performing suction filtration; filtering and taking the particulate matter filter membrane at different particle size sections, drying and weighing, and calculating the elution amount and the elution rate of the particulate matter with different particle sizes of the plant under certain rainfall intensity. The invention discloses an integrated precipitation simulation device, a plant sample fixing device and an eluent collecting device, and discloses a particulate eluent suction filtration device capable of multi-layer synchronous suction filtration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement of elution resistance of plant leaf surfaces, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring elution amounts of different particles on plant leaf surfaces by simulating rainfall.
Background
At present, with the development of socioeconomic, the environmental air pollution is becoming more serious, and especially the PM2.5 pollutant therein is concerned. The leaves of the plants have structures such as wax, epidermal hair and pores, and are the main organs for absorbing air particles. The effect of the particulate matter such as air PM2.5 on the adsorption is also of concern. The absorption capacity of the plant foliar particles is influenced by the morphological structure characteristics of the leaf surface, and the plant foliar particles are eluted by precipitation, so that the absorption effect of the plant on the particles is reduced. The ability of plant leaves to absorb particulate matter is therefore affected by their ability to resist precipitation and to elute. The existing method for measuring the elution amount of plant leaf surface particles mainly comprises the following steps: under the conditions of simulating different rainfall intensities and durations, plant leaf surfaces are leached, plant leaf surface leacheate is collected and sequentially passes through filter membranes with the aperture of 10 mu m and the aperture of 2.5 mu m, and the leaching solution is calculated in a leaching device by adopting a weighing method. This method has the following disadvantages: the control of precipitation intensity is not accurate, and the leacheate passes through suction filtration device and filter membrane in grades, increases the time of experiment and the input of manpower on the one hand, and on the other hand, many times suction filtration has increased because of the experimental error of particulate matter in the leacheate attached to production on the laboratory vessel, influences the accuracy of experimental result.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) in the prior art, the control of precipitation intensity is not accurate, and the leacheate passes through the suction filtration device and the filter membrane in a graded manner, so that the test time and the labor input are increased.
(2) In the prior art, multiple times of suction filtration increase the experimental error caused by the attachment of particles in the leacheate on an experimental utensil, and the accuracy of the experimental result is influenced.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is:
(1) to the inaccurate problem of precipitation intensity control among the prior art, increase precipitation intensity and control intelligent device with the solution of duration.
(2) The multi-layer filter is connected in series for filtering particles with different particle sizes once, so that the problem of larger test error caused by multiple transfer of filtrate in the fractional suction filtration process can be solved. The difficulty is that the height of the device is high after the multiple filters are connected in series, and the device is connected only by clips and can easily topple. The height of the middle layer filter can be reduced to form a horn, and the device frame can be added to fix the device.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the rainfall intensity and the accurate control of duration are improved, and the scientificity and the accuracy of an experimental result can be greatly improved. Multilayer suction filter device carries out once accomplishing of different particle diameter particulate matters and filters, and its meaning lies in: (1) the particle sample with different particle sizes can be ensured to be carried out under the same experimental conditions, and the error caused by the difference of the experimental conditions is reduced. (2) The problem that in the prior art, the particles with different particle sizes need to be filtered respectively, filtrate needs to be transferred for multiple times to filter the particles with the next particle size is solved, and the problem that a part of particle samples are still attached to an experimental vessel to cause larger experimental errors is solved. (3) The problem that in the prior art, the particles with different particle sizes need to be filtered respectively is solved, the vacuum pump is more power-consuming when the particles are filtered for many times, and more distilled water is needed to wash residual samples on the vessel when the particles are filtered for many times. The invention can complete the suction filtration of particles with different particle sizes at one time, reduce power consumption and water consumption, and is more energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the surfaces of plant leaves by simulating rainfall.
The invention is realized in such a way that a method for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the leaf surface of a plant by simulating rainfall comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing leacheate, wherein distilled water is used as the leacheate, so that the influence of impurities in tap water on a measurement result is reduced;
step two, adopting an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield for the precipitation simulation device; the relationship between the water yield regulation of the spraying device and the precipitation intensity is carried out in advance. The elution amount of the particles with different grain diameters on the leaf surface under different rainfall intensity and rainfall duration is simulated, and the elution resistance of the leaf surfaces of different plant species can be further analyzed.
Fixing a plant sample and collecting leacheate; and fixing the picked fresh plant branch sample on a sample fixing device at the bottom of the leacheate diversion funnel, wherein the width of the branch and leaf sample is smaller than that of the funnel opening, and the collected fresh plant branch sample is prevented from dripping outside the funnel.
Step four, measuring the leaching amount, combining the leaching solution through a plurality of filter elements, and performing suction filtration; after the leaching is finished, carefully taking out the branch and leaf samples and the diversion funnel, taking out the liquid collecting bottle, and reading the amount of the leaching solution through scales on the leaching solution collecting bottle. With multilayer suction filtration device from top to bottom: a funnel, a filter membrane with 10 mu m aperture, a filter with a filter element on the 1 st layer, a filter membrane with 2.5 mu m aperture, a filter with a filter element on the 2 nd layer,The filter membrane with the aperture of 1 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 3 rd layer and the suction flask are sequentially connected by clips, and the connected device can be fixed on a fixed frame in order to avoid the device from toppling over. The suction filtration bottle is connected with a vacuum pump by a silicone tube. And starting a vacuum pump, slowly pouring the leacheate into the funnel, and filtering when the combined part of the leacheate passes through each layer of filter. And then a certain amount of distilled water is sprayed into the funnel along the wall of the funnel, and the funnel sequentially passes through each layer of filter and enters a filter flask so as to wash the particle sample attached to the vessel and reduce experimental errors. After the experiment, the clamp and each layer of filter membrane are taken down. The filter membranes of each layer are dried in a constant temperature oven to constant weight (W)i0) And numbered.
And fifthly, filtering and taking the particulate matter filter membranes in different particle size sections, drying and weighing, and calculating the elution amount and the elution rate of the particulate matter with different particle sizes of the plants under certain rainfall intensity. Drying the filter membrane at 60 deg.C to constant weight, and weighing the total amount (W) of the filter membrane and particulate matter thereoni’)。
And sixthly, loading the leaf sample after reducing and leaching the particles into a beaker, adding a certain amount of distilled water (without the leaf sample), eluting the rest particles which are not eluted by the leaf surface reducing in an ultrasonic cleaner, filtering the particles with different particle sizes on filter membranes with different pore diameters by a multi-layer suction filtration device through the washing liquid in the beaker, and drying the filter membranes to constant weight in an oven at 60 ℃. The total amount of particles with different leaf surface grain diameters (precipitation elution amount and non-elution amount)
And step six, measuring and calculating the leaf area of the experimental branch and leaf sample. And scanning the leaves of the experimental branch and leaf samples by using a scanner to obtain the leaf area (A) of the sample to be tested.
In the formula: m is the total particulate elution per unit leaf area (g/cm 2); wi’The drying weight (g) and W of the filtered particles in the i-th pore diameterioThe initial drying weight (g) of the filter membrane with the i-th grade aperture; a is the total leaf area (cm) of the samples2)。
The invention also aims to provide a system for measuring different particle elution amounts of simulated rainfall on the plant leaf surfaces, which implements the method for measuring different particle elution amounts of the simulated rainfall on the plant leaf surfaces.
Further, an eluent flow guide funnel is fixed on the upper side of the outer testing barrel in the plant sample fixing and eluent collecting device, and a plant sample fixing frame is arranged at the lower end of the eluent flow guide funnel.
Furthermore, an eluent liquid collecting bottle is arranged below the eluent flow guide funnel, and a simulated precipitation spraying device is arranged above the test outer barrel.
Further, the multilayer suction filtration device is provided with a suction filtration bottle connected with a glass filter with a filter element through a clamp, and the glass filter is connected with the funnel through the clamp.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the invention relates to an integrated precipitation simulation device, a plant sample fixing device and an eluent collecting device, in particular to a particle eluent suction filtration device capable of realizing multilayer synchronous suction filtration. The invention can accurately control the precipitation intensity, and can solve the problem that the leacheate passes through the suction filtration device and the filter membrane in a plurality of times, thereby increasing the test time and the labor input on one hand; on the other hand, the problem that the accuracy of an experimental result is influenced by experimental errors generated by attaching particles in the leacheate to an experimental utensil is increased by multiple suction filtration.
According to the plant sample fixing frame with the jacks at the bottom of the leacheate diversion funnel, the inclined wall of the funnel is beneficial to guiding the leacheate after the plant sample is leached to flow into the water collecting bottle along the inclined funnel wall and the bottom holes.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for measuring different particle elution amounts of a simulated precipitation on a plant leaf surface, provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an eluent diversion funnel and a plant sample fixing frame provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multilayer suction filtration device provided by an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a clip structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a funnel structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a clip installation location configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. simulating a precipitation spray device; 2. a plant branch and leaf sample; 3. a leacheate diversion funnel; 4. a plant sample holder; 5. a leacheate collecting bottle; 6. an experimental outer barrel; 7. a funnel; 8. a glass filter with a filter element; 9. a suction flask; 10. a clip is provided.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the leaf surface of a plant by simulating rainfall, and the invention is described in detail by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for measuring the elution amount of different particulate matters on the plant leaf surface by the simulated rainfall provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: the leacheate is prepared, and distilled water is used as the leacheate, so that the influence of impurities in tap water on the measurement result can be reduced.
S102: the precipitation simulation device adopts an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield.
S103: plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device.
S104: and (4) measuring the leaching amount, and performing suction filtration on the leaching solution through a multi-layer filter element combination.
S105: filtering and taking the particulate matter filter membrane at different particle size sections, drying and weighing, and calculating the elution amount and the elution rate of the particulate matter with different particle sizes of the plant under certain rainfall intensity.
The method for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the plant leaf surface by the simulated rainfall provided by the invention can also be implemented by other steps by persons of ordinary skill in the art, and the method for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the plant leaf surface by the simulated rainfall provided by the invention shown in fig. 1 is only one specific example.
The device for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the surfaces of the plant leaves by simulating rainfall, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is provided with a plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device and a multilayer suction filtration device.
As shown in fig. 2, in the plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, an leacheate diversion funnel 3 is fixed on the upper side of a test outer barrel 6, and a plant sample fixing frame 4 is arranged at the lower end of the leacheate diversion funnel 3; wherein, an eluent liquid collecting bottle 5 is arranged below the eluent diversion funnel 3, and a simulated precipitation spraying device 1 is arranged above the test outer barrel 6.
As shown in FIG. 3, the plant sample holder with the plug at the bottom, the inclined wall of the funnel is beneficial to guiding the leacheate after the plant sample is washed to flow into the water collecting bottle along the inclined funnel wall and the bottom hole.
As shown in fig. 4, the multi-layer vacuum filtration apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a filtration flask 9 connected to a glass filter 8 with a filter element by a clip 10, and the glass filter 8 connected to a funnel 7 by the clip 10. The clamp 10 is used for connecting the funnel with the filter, between each layer of filter and between the filter and the filter flask.
The method for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the plant leaf surface by simulating rainfall provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing leacheate, wherein distilled water is used as the leacheate, so that the influence of impurities in tap water on a measurement result is reduced;
step two, adopting an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield for the precipitation simulation device; the relationship between the water yield regulation of the spraying device and the precipitation intensity is carried out in advance. The elution amount of the particles with different grain diameters on the leaf surface under different rainfall intensity and rainfall duration is simulated, and the elution resistance of the leaf surfaces of different plant species can be further analyzed.
Fixing a plant sample and collecting leacheate; and fixing the picked fresh plant branch sample on a sample fixing device at the bottom of the leacheate diversion funnel, wherein the width of the branch and leaf sample is smaller than that of the funnel opening, and the collected fresh plant branch sample is prevented from dripping outside the funnel.
Step four, measuring the leaching amount, combining the leaching solution through a plurality of filter elements, and performing suction filtration; after the leaching is finished, carefully taking out the branch and leaf samples and the diversion funnel, taking out the liquid collecting bottle, and reading the amount of the leaching solution through scales on the leaching solution collecting bottle. With multilayer suction filtration device from top to bottom: the funnel, the filter membrane with the aperture of 10 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 1 st layer, the filter with the filter element on the 2 nd layer, the filter membrane with the aperture of 1 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 3 rd layer and the suction flask are sequentially connected by clamping clips, and the connected device can be fixed on the fixing frame for avoiding the device from toppling over. The suction filtration bottle is connected with a vacuum pump by a silicone tube. And starting a vacuum pump, slowly pouring the leacheate into the funnel, and filtering when the combined part of the leacheate passes through each layer of filter. And then a certain amount of distilled water is sprayed into the funnel along the wall of the funnel, and the funnel sequentially passes through each layer of filter and enters a filter flask so as to wash the particle sample attached to the vessel and reduce experimental errors. After the experiment, the clamp and each layer of filter membrane are taken down. The filter membranes of each layer are dried in a constant temperature oven to constant weight (W)i0) And numbered.
Step five, filtering and taking the particulate matters with different particle size sections, drying and weighing the particulate matters, and calculating different particle sizes of the plants under certain rainfall intensityElution amount and elution rate of particulate matter. Drying the filter membrane at 60 deg.C to constant weight, and weighing the total amount (W) of the filter membrane and particulate matter thereoni’)。
And sixthly, loading the leaf sample after reducing and leaching the particles into a beaker, adding a certain amount of distilled water (without the leaf sample), eluting the rest particles which are not eluted by the leaf surface reducing in an ultrasonic cleaner, filtering the particles with different particle sizes on filter membranes with different pore diameters by a multi-layer suction filtration device through the washing liquid in the beaker, and drying the filter membranes to constant weight in an oven at 60 ℃. The total amount of particles with different leaf surface grain diameters (precipitation elution amount and non-elution amount)
And step six, measuring and calculating the leaf area of the experimental branch and leaf sample. And scanning the leaves of the experimental branch and leaf samples by using a scanner to obtain the leaf area (A) of the sample to be tested.
In the formula: m is the total particulate elution per unit leaf area (g/cm 2); wi’The drying weight (g) and W of the filtered particles in the i-th pore diameterioThe initial drying weight (g) of the filter membrane with the i-th grade aperture; a is the total leaf area (cm) of the samples2)。
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for measuring the elution amount of the simulated rainfall on the particles with different particle sizes on the plant leaf surface is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
preparing an eluent by using distilled water as the eluent;
the precipitation simulation device adopts an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield;
a plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device;
measuring leaching amount, combining leaching liquor through a plurality of filter elements, and performing suction filtration;
filtering and taking the particulate matter filter membrane at different particle size sections, drying and weighing, and calculating the elution amount and the elution rate of the particulate matter with different particle sizes of the plant under certain rainfall intensity.
2. The method for measuring the elution amount of the simulated rainfall on the particles with different grain diameters on the plant leaf surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rainfall simulation device adopts an electric spraying device with adjustable water yield; the relationship between the water yield regulation of the spraying device and the precipitation intensity is carried out in advance.
3. The method for measuring the elution amount of the simulated rainfall on the particles with different grain diameters on the plant leaf surface as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device is adopted; fixing the collected fresh plant branch samples on a sample fixing device at the bottom of an eluent diversion funnel, wherein the width of the branch and leaf samples is smaller than the funnel opening, and the drip of the eluent is prevented from dropping outside the funnel.
4. The method for measuring the elution amount of the simulated precipitation on the particles with different grain diameters on the plant leaf surface as claimed in claim 1,the method is characterized in that the leaching amount is measured, and leaching liquor is combined through a plurality of layers of filter elements and is filtered; after leaching, taking out the branch and leaf samples and the diversion funnel, taking out the liquid collecting bottle, and reading the amount of leaching solution through scales on the leaching solution collecting bottle; with multilayer suction filtration device from top to bottom: the funnel, the filter membrane with the aperture of 10 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 1 st layer, the filter membrane with the aperture of 2.5 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 2 nd layer, the filter membrane with the aperture of 1 mu m, the filter with the filter element on the 3 rd layer and the filter flask are sequentially connected by clips, and the connected device can be fixed on a fixed frame in order to avoid the device from toppling over; connecting the suction filtration bottle with a vacuum pump by using a silicone tube; starting a vacuum pump, slowly pouring the leacheate into a funnel, and filtering when the combined part of the leacheate passes through each layer of filter; then a certain amount of distilled water is poured into the funnel along the wall of the funnel, and the funnel sequentially passes through each layer of filter, enters a suction flask, so as to drip-wash particulate matter samples attached to the vessel, the clamp and each layer of filter membrane are taken down after the experiment is finished, and each layer of filter membrane is previously dried in a constant-temperature oven to constant weight Wi0And numbered.
5. The method for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different particle sizes on the leaf surface of the plant by simulating rainfall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the filtering membrane for filtering the particles with different particle sizes is dried and weighed, and the elution amount and elution rate of the particles with different particle sizes of the plant under a certain rainfall intensity are calculated; drying the filter membrane at 60 deg.C to constant weight, and weighing the total weight W of the filter membrane and the particulate matter on the filter membrane by a one-thousandth balancei’。
6. The method for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different grain sizes on the plant leaf surface by the simulated rainfall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the leaf sample after the particles are washed by the rainfall is put into a beaker, distilled water is added, the remaining particles which are not washed by the rainfall on the leaf surface are eluted in an ultrasonic cleaning machine, the washing liquid in the beaker is filtered by a multi-layer suction filtration device, the particles with different grain sizes are filtered on filter membranes with different pore sizes, and the filter membranes are dried to the constant weight and the total amount of the particles with different grain sizes on the leaf surface in an oven at 60 ℃.
7. The method for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different particle sizes on the plant leaf surface by simulating precipitation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measurement and calculation of the leaf area of the experimental branch and leaf sample are carried out. Scanning leaves of the experimental branch and leaf samples by using a scanner to obtain the leaf area A of the sample to be tested:
in the formula: m is the total particulate matter elution per unit leaf area, g/cm2；Wi’The drying weight, g, W of the filtered particles in the i-th pore diameter filter bedioThe initial drying weight g of the filter membrane with the i-th grade aperture; a is the total leaf area cm of the reference sample2。
8. A system for measuring the elution amount of the simulated rainfall on the particles with different particle sizes on the plant leaf surface by implementing the method for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different particle sizes on the plant leaf surface by using the simulated rainfall according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that the system for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different particle sizes on the plant leaf surface by using the simulated rainfall is provided with a plant sample fixing and leacheate collecting device and a multilayer suction filtration device.
9. The system for measuring the elution amount of different particles on the plant leaf surface by simulating rainfall according to claim 8, wherein an eluent diversion funnel is fixed on the upper side of the test outer barrel in the plant sample fixing and eluent collecting device, and a plant sample fixing frame is arranged at the lower end of the eluent diversion funnel;
an leacheate collecting bottle with scales is placed below the leacheate diversion funnel, and a simulated rainfall spraying device is arranged above the test outer barrel;
the multilayer suction filtration device is provided with a suction filtration bottle connected with a glass filter with a filter element, and the glass filter is connected with the funnel through a clamp.
10. A method for measuring the elution amount of particles with different grain sizes on the surfaces of plants, which is characterized in that the system for measuring the elution amount of the particles with different grain sizes on the surfaces of plants by simulating precipitation according to claim 8 is used.
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| CN208275062U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-12-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | It is declined plastic grain separator using the suction of unified screen frame |
| CN110237589A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-17 | 江苏金塔药业有限公司 | Multi-layer filtrating equipment and filtration system |
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| CN208145548U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-11-27 | 中国环境科学研究院 | More micro- plastic sample separated in synchronization devices of partial size |
| CN208275062U (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-12-25 | 中国环境科学研究院 | It is declined plastic grain separator using the suction of unified screen frame |
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