CN112857557A - Auditory sensor based on 4D printing technology shaping - Google Patents
Auditory sensor based on 4D printing technology shaping Download PDFInfo
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- CN112857557A CN112857557A CN202110046002.4A CN202110046002A CN112857557A CN 112857557 A CN112857557 A CN 112857557A CN 202110046002 A CN202110046002 A CN 202110046002A CN 112857557 A CN112857557 A CN 112857557A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H11/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties
- G01H11/06—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by detecting changes in electric or magnetic properties by electric means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
- B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/06—Elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/08—Metals
- C08K2003/085—Copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auditory sensor formed based on a 4D printing technology. The invention comprises a slice, a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism, a capacitor, an electric shape memory polymer and a power supply; the sheet is connected with one end of the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism, the other end of the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism is connected with the movable electrode plate of the capacitor, the sheet is sensitive to external vibration and air flow friction reaction, and the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism amplifies the micro-displacement generated by the sheet and transmits the micro-displacement to the movable electrode plate of the capacitor; the capacitor, the electro-shape memory polymer and the power supply form a closed circuit through the conducting wire. The auditory sensor can convert vibration signals into electric quantity signals, and further convert the electric quantity signals into mechanical motion through the electro-shape memory polymer, can be better applied to various fields such as automatic control, soft robots and the like, and realizes the integrated design of absorbing/sensing sound waves (noise) in the environment and actively executing the sound waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auditory sensors, in particular to an auditory sensor formed based on a 4D printing technology.
Background
The ear has the function of distinguishing external mechanical vibration, can convert a vibration signal into a nerve signal, transmits the nerve signal into the brain, and translates the nerve signal into music and words which can be understood by people. Based on the bionic application to the ear, many energy converters that convert sound signals into electrical signals are implemented, such as microphones, and loudspeakers.
High molecular shape memory polymers have been extensively studied and have great potential in sensor and actuator applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art by proposing an acoustic sensor that absorbs/senses and actively performs acoustic waves (noise) in the environment.
The invention relates to an auditory sensor formed based on a 4D printing technology, which comprises: a sheet, a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism, a capacitor, an electro-shape memory polymer and a power supply; the sheet is connected with one end of the micro-displacement amplification mechanism, the other end of the micro-displacement amplification mechanism is connected with the movable electrode plate of the capacitor, the sheet is sensitive to external vibration and airflow friction reaction, and the micro-displacement amplification mechanism amplifies the micro-displacement generated by the sheet and transmits the micro-displacement to the movable electrode plate of the capacitor; the capacitor, the electro-shape memory polymer and the power supply form a closed circuit loop through a conducting wire.
Furthermore, the thin sheet is a concave wafer made of metal, the thickness of the thin sheet is 0.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the thin sheet is 10-30 cm.
Further, the capacitor adopts a porous structure plate formed by 3D printing.
Further, the dielectric material of the capacitor is elastic aerogel formed by 3D printing.
Furthermore, the electric induced shape memory polymer is prepared by conducting particles and shape memory high polymer materials through 4D printing.
Further, the conductive particles include metal conductive particles, carbon black particles, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or conductive polymers.
Further, the shape memory polymer material comprises polylactic acid, polyether ether ketone or cross-linked polyethylene.
Further, the conductive particles are carbon black particles, and the particle size is 100-400 nm; the shape memory polymer material is polylactic acid.
Further, the specific preparation process of the electro-shape memory polymer is as follows: s1: firstly, weighing shape memory polymer slurry with proper mass, weighing 8-12% of conductive particles by mass ratio, mixing the conductive particles, and stirring for 1-2 h by using a stirrer until the composite material is uniformly mixed; s2: weighing a proper amount of the uniformly mixed composite material in a spray head, and forming an electro-shape memory polymer with a certain size at the speed of 200-600 mm/s by adopting DIW direct-writing 3D printing equipment; s3: and then, curing the printed electro-shape memory polymer at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ by using a heating gun to obtain the electro-shape memory polymer with the deformation function and the mechanical function meeting the requirements.
Further, the sheet, the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism, the capacitor, the electro-shape memory polymer and the wire printing are integrally formed.
The principle of the auditory sensor of the invention is as follows: an external sound wave signal is absorbed by the thin sheet to generate vibration, the micro-displacement amplification mechanism amplifies the vibration signal of the thin sheet and transmits the vibration signal to a movable electrode plate of the capacitor, the electrode plate moves left and right to enable the distance between the electrode plates at two ends of the capacitor to change, an inherent electric field changes (U is Q/C), so that alternating voltage is generated, alternating current is formed in the electro-shape memory polymer connected with the circuit in series, and the electro-shape memory polymer finally generates mechanical deformation with different degrees due to the change of the current.
The auditory sensor can convert a vibration signal into an electric quantity signal, and further converts the electric quantity signal into mechanical motion through the 4D printed simulated nerve (the electric shape memory polymer). The auditory sensor can be better applied to the fields of automatic control, software robots and the like, and realizes the integrated design of absorbing/sensing sound waves (noise) in the environment and actively executing the sound waves (noise).
The core components of the auditory sensor are prepared by 3D and 4D printing technologies, and integrated forming of the auditory sensor is further achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of an auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electro-shape memory polymer of an acoustic sensor formed based on 4D printing technology according to the present invention.
1. A sheet; 2. a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism; 3. a capacitor; 4. an electro shape memory polymer; 5. a power source; 6. and (4) conducting wires.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an acoustic sensor formed based on a 4D printing technique of the present invention includes a sheet 1, a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism 2, a capacitor 3, an electro-shape memory polymer 4, and a power source 5; the sheet 1 is connected with one end of a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism 2, the other end of the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism 2 is connected with a movable electrode plate of a capacitor 3, the sheet 1 is sensitive to external vibration and air flow friction reaction, and the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism 2 amplifies the micro-displacement generated by the sheet 1 and transmits the micro-displacement to the movable electrode plate of the capacitor 3; the capacitor 3, the electro shape memory polymer 4 and the power source 5 form a closed electrical loop through the wire 6.
The principle of the auditory sensor of the invention is as follows: an external sound wave signal is absorbed by the sheet 1 to generate vibration, the micro-displacement amplification mechanism 2 amplifies the vibration signal of the sheet 1 and transmits the vibration signal to a movable electrode plate of the capacitor 3, the electrode plate moves left and right to enable the distance between the electrode plates at two ends of the capacitor 3 to change, the inherent electric field changes U to Q/C, alternating voltage is generated, alternating current is formed in the electro-shape memory polymer 4 connected with the circuit in series, and the electro-shape memory polymer 4 finally generates mechanical deformation with different degrees due to the change of the current.
The sheet 1 can be a concave wafer made of metal, the thickness of the concave wafer is 0.5-2 mm, the diameter of the concave wafer is 10-30 cm, the concave wafer is sensitive to external vibration and air flow friction reaction, and external sound wave signals are absorbed by the sheet 1 to generate large vibration.
Capacitor 3 can adopt 3D to print the porous structure polar plate that takes shape, can further improve the capacity of electric capacity, and capacitor 3's dielectric material can adopt 3D to print the elasticity aerogel that takes shape, can extend rapidly or compress along with the removal of portable electrode board.
The electric shape memory polymer 4 can be prepared by conducting particles and shape memory high polymer materials through 4D printing, and electric quantity signals are further converted into mechanical movement through simulated nerves formed through 4D printing.
Through the capacitor 3 based on the 3D printing technology and the electro-shape memory polymer 4 formed based on the 4D printing technology, the sound wave signals are firstly converted into electric signals and finally converted into mechanical signals, and the integrated design of sensing and executing of sound is realized.
The core components of the auditory sensor are prepared by 3D and 4D printing technologies, so that the integrated forming of the auditory sensor is further realized, the auditory sensor can be better applied to the fields of automatic control, software robots and the like, and the integrated design of absorbing/sensing sound wave noise in the environment and actively executing is realized.
The conductive particles may be various, but are not limited thereto, for example: the conductive particles may include metal conductive particles, carbon black particles, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, or conductive polymers.
The shape memory polymer material may comprise polylactic acid, polyetheretherketone or cross-linked polyethylene.
In an implementation manner, the conductive particles can be carbon black particles with the particle size of 100-400 nm; the shape memory polymer material is polylactic acid. In another practicable manner, the conductive particles may be carbon fibers; the shape memory polymer material may be Polyetheretherketone (PEEK). In another practical way, the conductive particles can be 663 copper alloy powder particles with the particle diameter of 30-50 μm, and the shape memory polymer material is polylactic acid (PLA).
The specific preparation process of the electro shape memory polymer 4 is as follows: s1: firstly, weighing shape memory polymer slurry with proper mass, weighing 8-12% of conductive particles by mass ratio, mixing the conductive particles, and stirring for 1-2 h by using a stirrer until the composite material is uniformly mixed; s2: weighing a proper amount of the uniformly mixed composite material in a spray head, and forming an electro-shape memory polymer 4 with a certain size at the speed of 200-600 mm/s by adopting DIW direct-writing 3D printing equipment; s3: and then, curing the printed electro-shape memory polymer 4 at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ by using a heating gun to obtain the electro-shape memory polymer 4 with the deformation function and the mechanical function meeting the requirements.
The sheet 1, the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism 2, the capacitor 3, the electro-shape memory polymer 4 and the lead 6 can be printed and integrally formed, and further the integral forming of the auditory sensor is realized.
The above is not relevant and is applicable to the prior art.
While certain specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of illustration, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is illustrative only and is not limiting of the scope of the invention, as various modifications or additions may be made to the specific embodiments described and substituted in a similar manner by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appending claims. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made to the above embodiments in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology, characterized in that: comprises a sheet (1), a micro-displacement amplifying mechanism (2), a capacitor (3), an electric shape memory polymer (4) and a power supply (5); the sheet (1) is connected with one end of the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism (2), the other end of the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism (2) is connected with a movable electrode plate of the capacitor (3), the sheet (1) is sensitive to external vibration and airflow friction reaction, and the micro-displacement amplifying mechanism (2) amplifies the micro-displacement generated by the sheet (1) and transmits the micro-displacement to the movable electrode plate of the capacitor (3); the capacitor (3), the electro-shape memory polymer (4) and the power supply (5) form a closed circuit through a lead (6).
2. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slice (1) is a concave wafer made of metal, the thickness of the slice is 0.5-2 mm, and the diameter of the slice is 10-30 cm.
3. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: the capacitor (3) adopts a porous structure plate formed by 3D printing.
4. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: the dielectric material of the capacitor (3) is elastic aerogel formed by 3D printing.
5. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing techniques according to any of claims 1-4, wherein: the electro-shape memory polymer (4) is prepared by conducting particles and shape memory high polymer materials through 4D printing.
6. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 5, wherein: the conductive particles comprise metal conductive particles, carbon black particles, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes or conductive polymers.
7. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 6, wherein: the shape memory polymer material comprises polylactic acid, polyether-ether-ketone or cross-linked polyethylene.
8. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 7, wherein: the conductive particles are carbon black particles, and the particle size is 100-400 nm; the shape memory polymer material is polylactic acid.
9. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing technology according to claim 5, wherein: the specific preparation process of the electro-shape memory polymer (4) is as follows: s1: firstly, weighing shape memory polymer slurry with proper mass, weighing 8-12% of conductive particles by mass ratio, mixing the conductive particles, and stirring for 1-2 h by using a stirrer until the composite material is uniformly mixed; s2: weighing a proper amount of the uniformly mixed composite material in a spray head, and forming an electro-shape memory polymer (4) with a certain size at the speed of 200-600 mm/s by adopting DIW direct-writing 3D printing equipment; s3: and then, curing the printed electro-shape memory polymer (4) at the temperature of between 60 and 120 ℃ by using a heating gun to obtain the electro-shape memory polymer (4) with the deformation function and the mechanical function meeting the requirements.
10. An auditory sensor shaped based on 4D printing techniques according to any of claims 1-4, wherein: the sheet (1), the micro-displacement amplification mechanism (2), the capacitor (3), the electro-shape memory polymer (4) and the lead (6) are printed and integrally formed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110046002.4A CN112857557A (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Auditory sensor based on 4D printing technology shaping |
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| CN202110046002.4A CN112857557A (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Auditory sensor based on 4D printing technology shaping |
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2021
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