CN112851740B - G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗肿瘤活性中的应用 - Google Patents

G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗肿瘤活性中的应用 Download PDF

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CN112851740B
CN112851740B CN202110013048.6A CN202110013048A CN112851740B CN 112851740 B CN112851740 B CN 112851740B CN 202110013048 A CN202110013048 A CN 202110013048A CN 112851740 B CN112851740 B CN 112851740B
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陈新
芦昕
钱明成
孙晶晶
赵帅
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Abstract

本发明属于药物化学领域,具体公开了一种G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗肿瘤活性中的应用。本发明以不同胆酸母体结构为原料,在催化剂作用下进行酯化反应,经保护基保护再甲基化,经过脱保护,水解反应,酰胺偶联反应最终得到一系列新的胆酸系列衍生物。本发明用MTT比色法对合成的新衍生物进行抗癌活性测试,结果显示合成的一系列G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,具有较好的抗癌活性。

Description

G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗 肿瘤活性中的应用
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,特别涉及一种G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗肿瘤活性中的应用。
背景技术
TGR5是G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)超家族中的一员,其立体结构中有七个跨膜结构域,且其肽链的C端和连接第5、第6个跨膜螺旋的胞内环上都有G蛋白(鸟苷酸结合蛋白)的结合位点。细胞外的配体在细胞膜上特定的结合位点与GPCR相互作用,GPCR通过激活多种效应途径将细胞外信号转导到胞内下游级联。基于GPCR在不同细胞信号通路中的重要作用,GPCR已经成为治疗许多疾病的潜在药物作用靶点。人和动物多个组织如小肠、胃、肝、肺,特别是胎盘和脾脏中可以检测到高水平的TGR5 mRNA。胆酸(cholic acid),去氧胆酸(deoxycholic acid),鹅去氧胆酸(Chenodeoxycholic acid),甘胆酸(glycocholicacid),石胆酸(lithocholic acid),牛磺胆酸(taurocholic acid),牛磺熊去氧胆酸(tauroursodeoxycholic acid)的母体结构如式1所示。
Figure GDA0003595682090000011
Figure GDA0003595682090000021
式1胆酸及其类似物的结构
2018年,Chen等人(Journal of Medicinal Chemistry(2018),61(17),7589-7613.)设计合成了TGR5肠道限制型噻唑烷激动剂,可以用于治疗Ⅱ糖尿病非酒精性脂肪肝以及肠炎。2019年Ali Nakhi等(J.Med.Chem.2019,62,6824-6830)以鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)为主体进行C-7和C-24结构改造,所得目标化合物EC50相比CDCA缩小了100倍,提高了TGR5的效能,但并未报道抗癌活性。
发明内容
本发明拟选取两种不同的胆酸受体内源性配体母体结构为底物,进行酯化,甲基化,水解以及酰胺偶联反应,得到新的衍生物,并对新衍生物进行抗肿瘤活性测试。
胆酸受体内源性配体酰胺衍生物(式2)
Figure GDA0003595682090000031
Figure GDA0003595682090000032
Figure GDA0003595682090000041
式2
胆酸受体内源性配体酰胺衍生物的合成路线如下所示(式3):
Figure GDA0003595682090000051
式3.胆酸受体内源性配体酰胺衍生物的合成路线
胆酸受体内源性配体酰胺衍生物的具体合成方法步骤如下:
一、胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成方法
具体合成步骤为:
(1)将胆酸与酰胺偶联剂溶于溶剂中,冰浴下搅拌后加入胺类化合物,再加入碱后继续搅拌直至变为室温,得到酰胺衍生物5(a-f)。
其中,溶剂为二氯甲烷;酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),碱为三乙胺,胺类化合物为四氢吡啶,吗啉,二甲胺,二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪。
胆酸:偶联剂:碱:胺化合物的摩尔比为1:1:3:2.5;冰浴搅拌时间为30min,室温搅拌时间为12h。
二、7,12-二甲氧基胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成方法
具体合成步骤为:
(1)将胆酸与对甲苯磺酸一水合物(摩尔比1:0.1)溶于甲醇中,室温搅拌12h,后处理得到产物胆酸甲酯,化合物1。
(2)将化合物1与缚酸剂溶于溶剂中,加入碱和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,加热回流,后处理得到产物化合物2;
其中,缚酸剂为咪唑,溶剂为二氯甲烷,叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷作为保护基试剂,碱为吡啶,加热回流温度为40-50℃,反应时间12-18h。
对胆酸甲酯3位OH用叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷保护,再进行甲基化保护,能有效提高反应的选择性,使甲基化时优先与7位和12位OH发生反应;然后进行脱TBS,反应操作简单,体系副反应少。
化合物1:咪唑:叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷的摩尔比为1:12:3;加热回流温度为50℃;反应时间为12h。
(3)化合物2溶于溶剂中,加入碱搅拌30min,再加入甲基化试剂,加热反应,后处理得到产物化合物3。
其中,溶剂为二氯甲烷,碱为2,6-二叔丁基吡啶,甲基化试剂为三氟甲磺酸甲酯,加热温度为25-45℃,反应时间24h。
化合物2:甲基化试剂:2,6-二叔丁基吡啶的摩尔比为1:4:5;加热温度为45℃,反应时间为24h。
(4)化合物3在碱性条件下加热搅拌48h脱去TBS,再加入甲醇和氢氧化钠溶液,室温下反应6-8h,后处理得中间化合物4。
其中,碱性条件为四丁基氟化铵在1M四氢呋喃溶液;加热搅拌温度为40-50℃。
(5)将化合物4与酰胺偶联试剂溶于二氯甲烷中。在冰浴下加入胺类化合物和碱,继续在冰浴下反应,随后加热搅拌。得到胆酸甲基化酰胺化合物6(a-f)。
其中,酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),碱为三乙胺,酰胺类化合物为四氢吡啶,吗啉,二甲胺,二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪。
化合物4:偶联剂:碱:胺类化合物的摩尔比为1:1:3:2.5;冰浴搅拌时间为60min,室温搅拌时间为12h。
去氧胆酸衍生物的合成
一、去氧胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成方法:
具体合成步骤按如下进行:
(1)将去氧胆酸与酰胺偶联剂溶于溶剂中,冰浴下搅拌后加入胺类化合物,再加入碱后继续搅拌直至变为室温,得到酰胺衍生物7(a-f)。
其中,溶剂为二氯甲烷;碱为三乙胺,酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU);胺类化合物为四氢吡啶,吗啉,二甲胺,二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪;。
胆酸:偶联剂:碱:酰胺化合物的摩尔比为1:1:2:2.5;冰浴搅拌时间为30min,室温搅拌时间为10h。
二、12-甲氧基去氧胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成方法:
具体合成步骤为:
(1)将去氧胆酸与对甲苯磺酸一水合物(摩尔比1:0.1)溶于甲醇中,室温搅拌12h,后处理得到产物去氧胆酸甲酯,化合物9。
(2)将化合物9与缚酸剂溶于溶剂中,加入碱和叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,加热回流,后处理得到产物化合物10;
缚酸剂为咪唑,溶剂为二氯甲烷,保护基试剂为叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,碱为吡啶,加热回流温度为40-50℃,反应时间12-18h。
对去氧胆酸3位OH用叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷保护,再进行甲基化保护,能有效提高反应的选择性,减少了体系的副产物。
化合物9:咪唑:叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷的摩尔比为1:12:4;加热回流温度为50℃;反应时间为12h。
(3)化合物10溶于溶剂中,加入碱搅拌30min,再加入甲基化试剂,加热反应,后处理得到产物化合物11。
其中,溶剂为二氯甲烷,碱为氢化钠,2,6-二叔丁基吡啶,六甲基二硅基胺基锂中的一种,甲基化试剂为碘甲烷,硫酸二甲酯,三氟甲磺酸甲酯中的一种。优选为2,6-二叔丁基吡啶做碱和三氟甲磺酸甲酯作为甲基化试剂的优点在于反应体系较为干净,产率高,缩短了反应时间;
化合物10:甲基化试剂:2,6-二叔丁基吡啶的摩尔比为1:4:5;加热温度为45℃,反应时间为24h。
(4)化合物11在碱性条件下加热搅拌48h脱去TBS,再加入甲醇和氢氧化钠溶液,室温下反应6-8小时,后处理得中间化合物12。
所述碱性条件为四丁基氟化铵在1M四氢呋喃溶液;加热搅拌温度为40-50℃。
(5)将化合物12与酰胺偶联试剂溶于二氯甲烷中。在冰浴下加入胺类化合物和碱,继续在冰浴下反应,随后加热搅拌。得到胆酸甲基化酰胺化合物8(a-f)。
其中,酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU);碱为三乙胺,胺类化合物为四氢吡啶,吗啉,二甲胺,二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪。
化合物12:偶联剂:碱:酰胺化合物的摩尔比为1:1:2:2.5;冰浴搅拌时间为40min,室温搅拌时间为12h。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明的优点:选取两个胆酸受体内源性配体,制备了一系列新的衍生物,用MTT比色法对合成的新衍生物进行抗癌活性测试,结果显示合成的一系列G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,具有较好的抗癌活性。
具体实施方式
现在结合实例对本发明做进一步的说明。
一、胆酸酰胺衍生物的制备:
实施例1
(R)-1-吗啉代-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊-1-酮(化合物5b)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000091
将胆酸(100mg,0.21mmol)和HATU(80mg,0.21mmol)溶于DCM,冰浴下搅拌30min,加入吗啉(45uL,0.52mmol),随后滴加三乙胺(86uL,0.62mmol),冰浴下搅拌20min,移至室温搅拌12h.TLC监测反应,浓缩柱层析。(二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1)得到4g白色固体。产率83%。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO):δ4.33(d,J=4.2Hz,1H),4.10(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),4.01(d,J=3.16Hz,1H),3.79(d,J=2.12Hz,1H),3.61(s,1H),3.55(d,J=4.28Hz,2H),3.52(t,J=3.92Hz,2H),3.42(d,J=4.16Hz,4H),3.17(d,J=5.24Hz,1H),2.34-2.14(m,4H),2.02-1.94(m,1H),1.81-1.77(m,2H),1.65-1.62(m,3H),1.43-1.28(m,8H),1.25-1.15(m,5H),1.05(t,J=7Hz,1H),0.94(d,J=6.36Hz,3H),0.8(s,3H),0.58(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,DMSO):δ171.3,71.2,70.9,70.5,70.4,66.3,66.2,46.1,45.8,45.5,41.6,35.3,35.2,34.4,31.1,30.4,29.4,28.6,26.3,26.2,22.7,22.6,17.3,17.1,12.0,12.3.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C28H47NO5(M+H+)478.3526,found:478.3526.
实施例2
(R)-N,N-二甲基-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酰胺(化合物5c)的合成
Figure GDA0003595682090000101
其他条件同实施例1,将吗啉改为二甲胺,产率77%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.95(s,1H),3.81(s,1H),3.45-3.39(m,1H),3.00(s,1H),2.91(s,1H),2.36-2.33(m,1H),2.5-2.16(m,3H),1.88-1.87(m,4H),1.75-1.72(m,5H),1.56-1.50(m,4H),1.38-1.24(m,6H),1.08-1.04(m,1H),0.99(d,J=6Hz,3H),086(s,3H),0.66(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ:174.1,73.2,71.9,68.6,47.0,46.5,41.7,41.6,39.5,37.5,35.8,35.8,35.4,34.9,34.8,31.3,30.6,30.4,28.2,27.7,26.4,23.4,22.6,17.6,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C26H45NO4(M+Na+)459.3241,found:458.3257.
实施例3
(R)-N,N-二乙基-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六烷基-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酰胺(化合物5d)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000111
其他条件同实施例1,将吗啉改为二乙胺,产率为70%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ3.95(s,1H),3.82(d,J=1.64Hz,1H),3.45-3.40(m,1H),3.36-3.26(m,4H),2.38-2.30(m,1H),2.20-2.17(m,3H),1.90-1.85(m,4H),1.77-1.67(m,5H),1.57-1.45(m,4H),1.39-1.36(m,4H),1.31-1.24(m,2H),1.60(t,J=7.08Hz,3H),1.08(t,J=7.08Hz,3H),1.00(d,J=5.84,3H)0.95(d,J=2.28Hz,1H),086(s,3H),0.65(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ173.1,73.2,71.9,68.6,47.2,46.6,42.2,41.7,41.6,40.2,39.6,39.5,35.9,35.4,34.9,34.8,31.7,30.6,30.5,29.6,28.2,27.8,26.5,23.4,22.6,23.4,22.6,17.7,14.5,13.2,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C28H49NO4[M+H+]464.3734,found:464.3730.
实施例4
(R)-1-(哌啶-1-基)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊-1-酮(化合物5e)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000121
其他条件同实施例1,将吗啉改为哌啶,产率为90%。1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD):δ3.96(s,1H),3.80(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),3.53(t,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.50(t,J=5.5Hz,2H),3.39-3.35(m,1H),2.33-2.24(m,3H),2.04-1.87(m,4H),1.83-1.66(m,6H),1.61-1.52(m,8H),1.47-1.23(m,6H),1.16-1.10(m,1H),1.05(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.99(td,J=14.15,3.15Hz,1H),092(s,3H),0.72(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CD3OD)δ:174.5,73.9,72.9,69.0,48.2,47.9,47.5,44.00,43.2,43.00,41.0,40.4,37.1,36.5,35.9,35.9,33.0,31.2,31.2,29.6,28.8,27.9,27.7,26.8,25.5,24.2,23.2,17.8,13.00.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C29H49NO4[M+H+]476.3734,found:464.3731.
实施例5
叔丁基4-((R)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三羟基-10,13-二甲基十六烷基-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酰基)哌嗪-1-羧酸酯(化合物5f)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000131
其他条件同实施例1,将吗啉改为1-Boc-哌嗪,产率为50%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ3.94(s,1H),3.82(s,1H),3.56(s,2H),3.43(s,4H),3.39(d,J=4.28,3H),2.42-2.6(m,1H),2.27-2.15(m,3H),1.92-1.82(m,4H),1.75-1.66(m,6H),1.55-1.50(m,4H),1.46(s,9H),1.40-1.36(m,3H),1.28-1.24(m,2H),1.09-1.05(m,1H),1.00(d,J=5.88Hz,3H),0.86(s,3H),0.66(s,3H);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.7,154.7,80.4,73.2,71.9,68.6,53.6,46.9,46.6,45.6,41.8,42.0,41.7,39.6,39.6,35.7,34.4,34.9,34.8,31.4,30.6,30.4,29.8,28.5,28.3,27.7,26.5,23.4,22.6,17.7,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcdC33H56N2O6[2M+Na+]1175.8168,found:1175.8169.
二、7,12-二甲氧基胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成:
实施例6
(R)-1-(吡咯烷-1-基)-4-((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,7,12-三甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊-1-酮(化合物6a)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000132
步骤一:将胆酸(1g,2.08mol)溶于甲醇中,加入对甲苯磺酸一水合物(40mg,0.21mol),室温下搅拌12h。TLC监测反应,饱和碳酸氢钠溶液淬灭反应,EA萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸馏得化合物1,白色固体840mg,产率为96%。
步骤二:化合物1(200mg,0.47mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中,加入咪唑(386mg,5.68mmol),再加入叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(178mg,1.18mmol)和吡啶(0.2ml)在50℃下加热回流18h。用1M盐酸萃取,减压蒸馏得化合物2,柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1)得白色固体260mg,产率为99%。
步骤三:化合物2(100mg,0.19mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中,加入2,6-二叔丁基吡啶(0.2mL,0.93mmol)和三氟甲磺酸甲酯(0.1mL,0.75mmol),45℃条件下搅拌24h。TLC监测反应,用1M盐酸萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压蒸馏得化合物3;将化合物3加入四丁基氟化铵,40℃搅拌48h,TLC监测反应,水稀释,EA萃取。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后粗产物溶于甲醇中,加入4M氢氧化钠溶液,室温下搅拌8h,TLC监测反应。用4M盐酸调pH为5-7,EA萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥后减压蒸馏得化合物4,白色固体71mg,产率为86%。
步骤四:化合物4(100mg,0.23mmol)和HATU(88mg,0.23mmol)溶于DCM,冰浴下搅拌30min,加入四氢吡咯(38uL,0.46mmol),随后滴加三乙胺(96uL,0.69mmol),冰浴下搅拌20min,移至室温搅拌12h.TLC监测反应,浓缩柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=50:1)。得到化合物6a,40mg白色固体。产率72%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ3.36-3.46(m,6H),3.26(s,3H),3.21(s,3H),3.14(d,J=3.68Hz,1H),2.3-2.17(m,2H),2.15-2.12(m,1H),2.03-1.92(m,5H),1.83-1.78(m,5H),1.65-1.43(m,7H),1.41-1.19(m,8H),0.93(d,J=5.92Hz,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.68(s,3H);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.6,82.3,72.2,55.0,55.2,46.8,46.3,46.2,45.8,43.00,42.1,39.6,38.5,35.4,35.2,34.6,31.4,31.0,30.9,28.0,28.0,27.5,26.3,24.6,23.3,22.9,22.1,17.8,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C30H51NO4(M+Na+)512.3710,found:512.3713.
实施例7
15:(R)-4-(((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3-羟基-7,12-二甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]]菲蒽酮17-基)-1-吗啉-1-酮(化合物6b)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000151
其他条件同实施例6,将四氢吡咯改为吗啉,产率55%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ:3.65(t,J=4.65Hz,4H),3.60(t,J=4.85Hz,3H),3.46(s,2H),3.43(d,J=4.55Hz,1H),3.36(s,1H),3.27(s,3H),3.21(s,1H),2.4-2.34(m,1H),2.25-2.16(m,1H),2.08-1.9(m,3H),1.83-1.77(m,5H),1.68-1.59(m,3H),1.53-1.31(m,7H),1.27-1.17(m,3H),1.00-0.96(m,1H),0.94(d,J=6.15Hz,3H),0.89(s,3H),0.65(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ:172.6,82.2,72.1,67.1,66.8,56.0,55.9,46.2,43.0,42.0,42.0,39.6,38.4,35.4,35.2,34.6,31.3,30.8,29.6,28.0,27.9,27.5,22.9,22.1,17.7,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcdC30H51NO5(M+Na+)528.3628,found:528.3667.
实施例8
(R)-4-(((3R,5S,7R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3-羟基-7,12-二甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]]菲蒽-17-基)-N,N-二甲基戊酰胺(化合物6c)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000161
其他条件同实施例6,将四氢吡咯改为二甲胺产率75%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ3.41(d,J=5.15Hz,1H),3.36(s,1H),3.26(s,3H),3.20(s,3H),3.14(d,J=2.5Hz,1H),3.00(s,3H),2.92(s,3H),2.39-2.33(m,1H),2.25-2.15(m,2H),2.08-1.87(m,4H),1.82-1.74(m,4H),1.68-1.56(m,3H),1.52-1.36(m,7H),1.31-1.16(m,3H),1.00-0.96(m,2H),0.93(d,J=6.3Hz,3H),0.88(s,3H),0.65(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ173.9,82.2,72.1,56.0,55.8,52.3,46.3,46.2,42.9,42.0,39.6,38.4,37.4,35.5,35.4,35.2,34.6,31.2,30.8,29.9,28.0,27.9,27.4,23.2,22.8,22.1,17.7,13.6,12.6.HRMS(ESI):m/zcalcd C28H49NO4(M+Na+)486.3554,found:486.3556.
三、去氧胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成:
实施例9
(R)-4-(((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3,12-二羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)-1-(吡咯烷-1-基)戊-1-酮(化合物7a)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000162
其他条件同实例1,将胆酸换为去氧胆酸,吗啉改为四氢吡咯,产率85%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ3.97(s,1H),3.62-3.57(m,1H),3.42(d,J=6.84Hz,4H),2.35-2.28(m,1H),2.19-2.12(m,1H),2.03-1.93(m,5H),1.86-1.72(m,8H),1.69-1.56(m,3H),1.54-1.48(m,3H),1.41-1.39(m,4H),1.30-1.24(m,4H),1.14-1.05(m,2H),0.98(d,J=6.36Hz,3H),0.89(s,3H),0.67(s,3H);1 3C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3):δ172.6,73.3,71.9,48.4,47.3,46.8,46.6,45.8,42.2,36.5,36.1,35.4,35.3,34.2,33.7,31.7,30.9,30.5,28.7,27.6,27.2,26.2,24.5,23.8,23.2,17.6,12.9.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C28H47NO3(M+H+)446.3628,found:446.3632.
四、12-甲氧基去氧胆酸酰胺衍生物的合成:
实施例10
甲基(R)-4-((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3-(叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)-12-羟基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酸酯。(化合物10)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000171
将去氧胆酸甲酯(150mg,0.37mmol)和咪唑(299mg,4.4mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中,加入叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(167mg,1.1mmol)和吡啶(0.1mL)加热回流10h。用1MHCl萃取有机相,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏经柱层析(二氯甲烷:甲醇=15:1)得白色固体。产率94%。1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ3.95(S,1H),3.66(S,1H),3.59-3.56(m,1H),2.40-2.34(m,1H),2.26-2.20(m,1H)1.82-1.80(m,3H),1.71-1.67(m,2H),1.62(S,3H),1.52-1.48(m,3H),1.40-1.33(m,9H),1.24(s,3H),1.50-1.05(m,2H),0.97(d,J=6.25Hz,3H),0.89(d,J=3.25Hz,12H),0.66(s,3H),0.05(d,J=1.15Hz,6H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ174.9,73.3,72.9,51.6,48.4,47.4,46.6,42.4,42.0,36.2,35.5,35.2,34.3,33.8,31.2,31.0,31.0,29.8,28.5,27.6,27.4,26.2,26.1,23.8,23.4,18.5,17.4,12.9.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcdC29H49NO3(M+Na+)543.3840,found:543.3847.
实施例11
甲基(4S)-4-(((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S)-3-((叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基)氧基)-12-甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酸酯(化合物11)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000181
将化合物10(165mg,0.32mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中,加入2,6-二叔丁基吡啶(0.4mL,1.6mmol)和三氟甲磺酸甲酯(0.1mL,1.28mmol),45℃条件下反应24h。TLC监测反应,用水稀释反应液,EA萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂,经柱层析纯化(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=30:1),得白色固体145mg,产率85%
实施例12
(R)-4-((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3-羟基-12-甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)戊酸。(化合物12)的制备。
Figure GDA0003595682090000191
将中间体化合物11(125mg,0.24mmol)溶于四丁基氟化铵10mL,40-50℃下搅拌24h,TLC监测反应,用水稀释反应液,EA萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压蒸馏除去溶剂后溶于甲醇4mL,加入4M NaOH室温下反应4h。4M HCl调pH到5-7,用DCM萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥后减压蒸馏经柱层析(石油醚:乙酸乙酯=3:1),得白色固体40mg,产率40%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ3.63-3.58(m,1H),3.39(s,1H),3.27(s,3H),2.43-2.37(m,1H),2.28-2.21(m,1H)1.87-1.69(m,9H),1.56-1.50(m,3H),1.39-1.33(m,5H),1.27-1.19(m,5H),1.12-0.98(m,3H),0.92(d,J=6.6Hz,6H),0.66(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ179.8,82.6,72.1,55.9,49.1,46.6,46.5,42.2,36.5,36.1,35.5,35.2,34.2,33.7,31.1,30.9,30.5,27.5,27.2,26.2,23.8,23.3,22.1,17.5,12.9.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C29H49NO3(M+Na+)429.2975,found:429.298.
实施例13
(R)-4-(((3R,5R,8R,9S,10S,12S,13R,14S,17R)-3-羟基-12-甲氧基-10,13-二甲基十六氢-1H-环戊[a]菲蒽-17-基)-1-(吡咯烷-1-基)戊基-1-酮(化合物8a)的制备
Figure GDA0003595682090000192
其他条件同实施例6,将胆酸改为化合物12,产率56%。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ3.61-3.56(m,1H),3.45-3.39(m,4H),3.26(s,3H),2.33-2.27(m,1H),2.17-2.11(m,1H),1.95-1.92(m,2H),1.84-1.66(m,12H),1.55-1.37(m,9H),1.24-0.99(m,6H),0.92(d,J=6.3Hz,3H),0.90(s,3H),0.66(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δ172.5,82.5,71.9,55.8,49.1,46.7,46.5,46.4,45.7,42.2,36.5,36.0,35.4,35.2,34.2,33.7,31.5,31.00,30.5,27.5,27.2,26.2,26.2,24.5,23.7,23.3,22.1,17.7,12.9.HRMS(ESI):m/z calcd C29H49NO3(M+Na+)482.3604,found:482.3609.
抗癌活性的应用
以H460(肺癌细胞)、HepG2(肝癌细胞)、A549(肝癌细胞)、3种癌细胞为测试细胞株,五氟尿嘧啶作为阳性对照,取对数生长期的癌细胞,100ul/孔接种于96孔板中,待长到70%-80%/孔以50uL进行药物干预72h,每组进行3次平行测试,结果见表1。测试结果表明,新化合物对三种癌细胞均表现出抑制率,但存在明显的选择性,不同新化合物对HepG2抑制率较为稳定;化合物5a在进行甲基化以后(6a)对三种癌细胞的抑制率均明显上升;当R3为吗啉基(5b)和二甲胺基(5c)时对H460的抑制率明显低于闭环类酰胺衍生物。
表1.新化合物的抗癌活性测试结果
Figure GDA0003595682090000201
筛选出较高抑制率的新衍生物选取H460(肺癌细胞)、A549(肝癌细胞)2种癌细胞为测试细胞株,运用MTT法所合成的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物进行体外抗癌活性测试,以五氟尿嘧啶作为阳性对照。取对数生长期的癌细胞,离心后用RPMI1640或DMEM的培养液稀释,100uL/孔,接种于96孔板中。37℃培养过夜,然后加入不同浓度的样品,再孵育72h,加入10.0uL的MTT溶液(5mg·mL-1),于37℃孵化4h后,每孔加入100uL DMSO(溶解紫色甲臜晶体)。10分钟后,先震荡一会,后将孔板置于自动微孔板分光光度计上,在570nm测定吸收度值,并用Bliss法计算半数有效抑制浓度(IC50)(表2)每组样品进行3次平行测试。结果表明,CA与DCA在进行结构修饰以后,IC50值大幅度下降,并对两种癌细胞表现出特异性。对于开环胺类新化合物(5d)其IC50没有太大改变;对比DCA、7a、8a可以明显的发现,IC50值甲基化酰胺新衍生物<酰胺新衍生物<底物,符合预期设想。
表2.化合物IC50
Figure GDA0003595682090000211
*注明:ND=Not Determined。

Claims (6)

1.一种G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,所述衍生物的结构如式I所示:
Figure FDA0003653395810000011
其中,R1、R2为氢、β-羟基或β-甲氧基;
R3为二乙胺基,哌啶基,Boc-哌嗪基;
所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物的制备方法步骤如下:
底物溶于溶剂中,在冰浴下加入酰胺偶联试剂,搅拌30min,加入碱和胺类化合物,室温搅拌12h,浓缩柱层析纯化得到胆酸受体内源性酰胺配体;
底物为R1,R2为β-羟基或氢的胆酸衍生物时,所述溶剂为二氯甲烷,酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),碱为三乙胺,胺类化合物为二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪;
(1)在常温条件下,底物溶于甲醇,加入对甲苯磺酸一水合物,室温搅拌12h,生成中间化合物1或9;
(2)步骤(1)所述中间化合物1或9和缚酸剂加入溶剂中搅拌,再加入保护基试剂和碱加热回流反应,浓缩柱层析纯化后得到中间化合物2或10;
(3)步骤(2)所述中间化合物2或10溶于溶剂中,加入甲基化试剂和碱,加热搅拌,浓缩柱层析纯化得产物化合物3或11;
(4)步骤(3)所述中间化合物3或11加入四丁基氟化铵,加热搅拌脱去TBS,再加入甲醇和氢氧化钠溶液,室温下反应,后处理得中间化合物4或12;
(5)步骤(4)所述中间化合物4或12与酰胺偶联试剂在冰浴条件下溶于溶剂中,加入碱和胺类化合物,室温搅拌12h,浓缩柱层析纯化得到胆酸受体内源性甲基化酰胺配体衍生物;
其中,底物为R1,R2为β-甲氧基或氢的胆酸衍生物。
2.如权利要求1所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,步骤(1)所述胆酸与对甲苯磺酸一水合物的摩尔比为1:0.1。
3.如权利要求1所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,步骤(2)所述缚酸剂为咪唑,溶剂为二氯甲烷,保护基试剂为叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷,碱为吡啶,加热回流温度为40-50℃,反应时间12-18h。
4.如权利要求1所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,步骤(3)所述溶剂为二氯甲烷,甲基化试剂为三氟甲磺酸甲酯,碱为2,6-二叔丁基吡啶,加热温度为25-45℃,反应时间24h。
5.如权利要求1所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,步骤(4)所述加热搅拌温度为40-50℃,加热搅拌时间为48h,室温搅拌时间为6-8h。
6.如权利要求1所述的G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物,其特征在于,步骤(5)所述酰胺偶联试剂为2-(7-氧化苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU),溶剂为二氯甲烷,碱为三乙胺,胺类化合物为二乙胺,哌啶,Boc-哌嗪。
CN202110013048.6A 2021-01-06 2021-01-06 G蛋白偶联胆酸受体内源性配体衍生物及其制备方法和在抗肿瘤活性中的应用 Active CN112851740B (zh)

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