CN112851316B - Light-transmitting brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light-transmitting brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112851316B CN112851316B CN202110080761.2A CN202110080761A CN112851316B CN 112851316 B CN112851316 B CN 112851316B CN 202110080761 A CN202110080761 A CN 202110080761A CN 112851316 B CN112851316 B CN 112851316B
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052656 albite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052664 nepheline Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010434 nepheline Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Fe].[Fe] YOBAEOGBNPPUQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention provides a light-transmitting brick and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of ceramics. The light-transmitting brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-8% of quartz, 10-30% of kaolin, 15-25% of feldspar, 6-8% of calcined talc, 1-5% of pyrophyllite, 15-25% of nepheline terrae, 5-10% of low-temperature sand and 30-45% of calcium raw material; the calcareous raw material is bone meal or clinker. The preparation method of the light-transmitting brick comprises the following steps: ball-milling the raw materials to obtain a blank, and then pressing and forming the blank to obtain a green brick; and (3) pre-treating the green bricks, then feeding the green bricks into a kiln to be fired, and then carrying out post-treatment to obtain the product. The application provides a printing opacity brick, the luminousness is high, and intensity is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramics, in particular to a light-transmitting brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ceramic tile is used as common building material and plays an important role in beautifying and decorating. Along with the improvement of the life quality of people, people have more and more functional requirements on the ceramic tile. Due to the raw materials and the processing technology, the conventional ceramic tile often has a lot of impurities and air holes, has absorption and scattering effects on light, does not have light transmittance, and cannot meet the requirements of people on the aspects of transparency, vision change and the like of the ceramic tile.
At present, manufacturers develop light-transmitting bricks, the light-transmitting performance of the light-transmitting bricks is better, but the problems of easy deformation of green bricks, low fired product rate, low product strength and the like exist.
Therefore, the problem to be solved urgently is to develop a light-transmitting brick with strong adobe plasticity, high-temperature deformation resistance, high product strength and good light transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-transmitting brick and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a light-transmitting brick comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5-8% of quartz, 10-25% of kaolin, 15-25% of feldspar, 6-8% of calcined talc, 1-5% of pyrophyllite, 15-25% of nepheline terrae, 5-10% of low-temperature sand and 30-45% of calcium raw material; the calcareous material comprises bone meal and/or clinker.
Preferably, the frit comprises, by mass: 57-61% of silicon dioxide, 12-17% of aluminum oxide, 0.2-0.6% of ferric oxide, 21-26% of calcium oxide, 0.9-1.3% of magnesium oxide, 0.1-0.6% of potassium oxide and 0.1-0.5% of sodium oxide.
Preferably, the raw materials further comprise, by mass: 0.1 to 1 percent of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of glucose.
Preferably, the feldspar comprises potassium feldspar and albite, and the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite is 1: (1-3).
Preferably, the content of calcium oxide in the light-transmitting brick is 1% -6.5%, and the content of ferric oxide in the light-transmitting brick is less than or equal to 0.2%.
Optionally, the loss on ignition of the feedstock is 3-6%;
preferably, the whiteness of the light-transmitting brick is 70-85.
The preparation method of the light-transmitting brick comprises the following steps:
ball-milling the raw materials to obtain a blank, and then pressing and forming the blank to obtain a green brick;
and (3) pre-treating the green bricks, then feeding the green bricks into a kiln to be fired, and then carrying out post-treatment to obtain the product.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps of:
mixing the raw materials, frying, and rapidly cooling;
the frying temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the rapid cooling refers to that the fried material is cooled to 20-25 ℃ within 1-2 min;
preferably, the grain size of the blank is less than or equal to 250 meshes.
Preferably, the pressure of the compression molding is 100-150 MPa;
the pre-treatment comprises blank grinding, ink jetting and glazing, and the post-treatment comprises polishing.
Preferably, the firing comprises a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing;
the first firing temperature is 300-500 ℃, the time is 1-3h, after the end, the natural cooling is carried out to 100-200 ℃, and then the second firing is carried out;
the temperature of the second firing is 800-;
the temperature of the third firing is 1100-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the light-transmitting brick provided by the application, through selection of raw materials, quartz, kaolin, feldspar, calcined talc, pyrophyllite, terrazzo nepheline, low-temperature sand and calcium raw materials are matched, so that a brick blank has the advantages of strong plasticity and low high-temperature deformation rate, and the light-transmitting brick obtained after firing is high in light transmittance and strength;
the preparation method of the light-transmitting brick is simple to operate and high in yield.
Detailed Description
The terms as used herein:
"prepared from … …" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," "has," "having," "contains," "containing," or any other variation thereof, as used herein, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such composition, process, method, article, or apparatus.
The conjunction "consisting of … …" excludes any unspecified elements, steps or components. If used in a claim, the phrase is intended to claim as closed, meaning that it does not contain materials other than those described, except for the conventional impurities associated therewith. When the phrase "consisting of … …" appears in a clause of the subject matter of the claims rather than immediately after the subject matter, it defines only the elements described in the clause; other elements are not excluded from the claims as a whole.
When an amount, concentration, or other value or parameter is expressed as a range, preferred range, or as a range of upper preferable values and lower preferable values, this is to be understood as specifically disclosing all ranges formed from any pair of any upper range limit or preferred value and any lower range limit or preferred value, regardless of whether ranges are separately disclosed. For example, when the range "1 ~ 5" is disclosed, the ranges described should be construed to include the ranges "1 ~ 4", "1 ~ 3", "1 ~ 2 and 4 ~ 5", "1 ~ 3 and 5", and the like. When a range of values is described herein, unless otherwise stated, the range is intended to include the endpoints thereof and all integers and fractions within the range.
In these examples, the parts and percentages are by mass unless otherwise indicated.
"part by mass" means a basic unit of measure indicating a mass ratio of a plurality of components, and 1 part may represent any unit mass, for example, 1g or 2.689 g. If we say that the part by mass of the component A is a part by mass and the part by mass of the component B is B part by mass, the ratio of the part by mass of the component A to the part by mass of the component B is a: b. alternatively, the mass of the A component is aK and the mass of the B component is bK (K is an arbitrary number, and represents a multiple factor). It is unmistakable that, unlike the parts by mass, the sum of the parts by mass of all the components is not limited to 100 parts.
"and/or" is used to indicate that one or both of the illustrated conditions may occur, e.g., a and/or B includes (a and B) and (a or B).
The invention provides a light-transmitting brick which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
5-8% of quartz, 10-25% of kaolin, 15-25% of feldspar, 6-8% of calcined talc, 1-5% of pyrophyllite, 15-25% of nepheline terrae, 5-10% of low-temperature sand and 30-45% of calcium raw material;
the calcareous material comprises bone meal and/or clinker.
Optionally, in the raw materials of the light-transmitting brick, the content of quartz can be any value between 5%, 6%, 7%, 8% and 5-8% by mass percentage; the amount of kaolin can be any value between 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 10-25%; the content of feldspar may be any value between 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25% and 15-25%; the content of the burnt talc may be any value between 6%, 7%, 8% and 6-8%; the pyrophyllite content can be any value between 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% and 1-5%; the content of the nepheline terrazzo can be any value between 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, and 15-25%; the content of the low temperature sand may be any value between 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10% and 5-10%; the content of the low temperature frit may be any value between 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, and 25-35%; the content of the calcareous material may be any value between 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38%, 39%, 40%, 41%, 42%, 43%, 44%, 45% and 30-45%.
The light transmittance and the strength of the light-transmitting brick can be improved by using the calcareous raw materials.
Preferably, the frit comprises, by mass: 57-61% of silicon dioxide, 12-17% of aluminum oxide, 0.2-0.6% of ferric oxide, 21-26% of calcium oxide, 0.9-1.3% of magnesium oxide, 0.1-0.6% of potassium oxide and 0.1-0.5% of sodium oxide.
Optionally, the silica content of the frit may be any value between 57%, 58%, 59%, 60%, 61%, and 57-61% by mass; the mass content of the alumina can be any value between 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17% and 12-17%; the mass content of the iron oxide may be any of 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, and 0.2 to 0.6%; the mass content of calcium oxide may be any value between 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26% and 21-26%; the mass content of magnesium oxide may be any value between 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, and 0.9-1.3%; the mass content of potassium oxide may be any value between 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, and 0.1-0.6%; the sodium oxide may be contained in an amount of any of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, and 0.1 to 0.5% by mass.
Preferably, the raw materials further comprise, by mass: 0.1 to 1 percent of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of glucose.
The sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the glucose are matched for use, so that tiny air holes in the light-transmitting brick can be solved, the absorption and scattering effects of the brick body on light are weakened, and the transparent effect of the brick body is improved.
Optionally, the content of sodium carboxymethylcellulose in the raw materials of the light-transmitting brick can be any value between 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1% and 0.1-1%; the glucose content may be any value between 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5% and 0.1-0.5%.
Preferably, the feldspar comprises potassium feldspar and albite, and the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite is 1: (1-3).
The proper proportion of the potassium feldspar and the albite can further improve the light transmittance of the light-transmitting brick.
Optionally, the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite may be 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3 and 1: (1-3).
Preferably, the content of calcium oxide in the light-transmitting brick is 1% -6.5%, and the content of ferric oxide in the light-transmitting brick is less than or equal to 0.2%.
The content of calcium oxide has an influence on the light transmittance, strength and deformation of the light-transmitting brick. In the light-transmitting brick provided by the application, the higher the content of calcium oxide is, the greater the light transmittance and strength is, but after the content exceeds 6.5%, the high-temperature deformation rate is increased, and the yield is reduced. Iron sesquioxide mainly affects light transmittance, and after the content is higher than a limit value, the light transmittance is sharply reduced.
Optionally, the content of calcium oxide in the light-transmitting brick can be any value between 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5% and 1% -6.5%.
Optionally, the loss on ignition of the feedstock is 3-6%;
preferably, the whiteness of the light-transmitting brick is 70-85.
The loss on ignition is controlled to ensure the strength of the light-transmitting brick.
Alternatively, the loss on ignition of the feedstock may be any value between 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 3-6%; the whiteness of the light-transmitting tile can be 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 and any value between 70 and 85.
The preparation method of the light-transmitting brick comprises the following steps:
performing ball milling on the raw materials to obtain a blank, and then performing compression molding on the blank to obtain a brick blank;
and (3) pre-treating the green bricks, then feeding the green bricks into a kiln to be fired, and then carrying out post-treatment to obtain the product.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps of:
mixing the raw materials, frying, and rapidly cooling;
the frying temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the rapid cooling refers to that the fried material is cooled to 20-25 ℃ within 1-2 min;
preferably, the grain size of the blank is less than or equal to 250 meshes.
The purpose of frying and rapid cooling is to enhance the plasticity of the raw materials and reduce the deformation rate of the high-temperature firing at the later stage.
Alternatively, the temperature of the stir-frying may be any value between 200 ℃, 250 ℃, 300 ℃, 350 ℃, 400 ℃ and 200-.
Preferably, the pressure of the compression molding is 100-150 MPa;
the pre-treatment comprises blank grinding, ink jetting and glazing, and the post-treatment comprises polishing.
Alternatively, the pressure of the press molding may be any value between 100MPa, 110MPa, 120MPa, 130MPa, 140MPa, 150MPa, and 100-150 MPa.
Preferably, the firing comprises a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing;
the first firing temperature is 300-500 ℃, the time is 1-3h, after the end, the natural cooling is carried out to 100-200 ℃, and then the second firing is carried out;
the temperature of the second firing is 800-;
the temperature of the third firing is 1100-.
The progressive sintering mode is adopted, on one hand, the deformation rate of high-temperature sintering is reduced, on the other hand, the air holes are further reduced, the scattering effect is weakened, the light transmittance is further improved, and on the other hand, the strength of the light-transmitting brick is improved. And finally, inert atmosphere cooling is adopted to avoid the reaction of oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases in the air with substances in the brick body at high temperature and avoid the reduction of light transmittance.
Optionally, the temperature of the first firing may be any value between 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃ and 300-500 ℃, the time may be any value between 1h, 2h, 3h and 1-3h, after the end, the first firing may be naturally cooled to any value between 100 ℃, 150 ℃, 200 ℃ and 100-200 ℃, and then the second firing is performed; the temperature of the second firing can be any value between 800 ℃, 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 800-1000 ℃, the time can be any value between 2h, 3h, 4h and 2-4h, after the second firing is finished, the second firing can be naturally cooled to any value between 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃ and 600-700 ℃, and then the third firing is carried out; the temperature of the third firing may be any value between 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃ and 1100-.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The sources of the raw materials used in the examples are first explained: quartz, kaolin, feldspar, burnt talc, pyrophyllite, terrazzo nepheline, low temperature sand and bone meal that this application embodiment used all purchase from Fushan city xin good resources trade company Limited, and the frit is self-control.
Example 1
Preparing raw materials:
5kg of quartz, 10kg of kaolin, 25kg of feldspar, 6kg of calcined talc, 4kg of pyrophyllite, 15kg of hydrogrinding nepheline, 5kg of low-temperature sand, 25kg of clinker and 5kg of bone meal.
Wherein the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite in the feldspar is 1: 1.
it should be noted that the frit used in this example includes, by mass: 58% of silicon dioxide, 15% of aluminum oxide, 0.2% of ferric oxide, 25% of calcium oxide, 0.9% of magnesium oxide, 0.1% of potassium oxide, 0.1% of sodium oxide and a small amount of impurities.
Adding water into the raw materials, ball-milling, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank, and then performing compression molding on the blank under the condition of 100MPa to obtain a green brick; grinding, ink jetting and glazing the adobes, then sending the adobes into a kiln to be sintered, and then polishing to obtain a product; the firing includes a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing; the first firing is carried out at the temperature of 300 ℃ for 3h, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to 100 ℃ and then is subjected to second firing; the temperature of the second firing is 800 ℃, the time is 4 hours, the second firing is naturally cooled to 600 ℃ after the second firing is finished, and then the third firing is carried out; the temperature of the third firing is 1100 ℃, the time is 30min, and after the third firing is finished, the third firing is cooled to the normal temperature in the argon atmosphere.
Controlling the ignition loss to be 3%; the content of calcium oxide in the obtained transparent brick is 5.5% through detection, and the content of ferric oxide in the transparent brick is 0.1%.
Example 2
Preparing raw materials:
6kg of quartz, 12kg of kaolin, 21kg of feldspar, 7kg of calcined talc, 1kg of pyrophyllite, 17kg of hydrogrinding nepheline, 7kg of low-temperature sand, 28kg of clinker and 1kg of bone meal.
Wherein the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite in the feldspar is 1: 2.
it should be noted that the chemical components of the intermediate-temperature frit used in this embodiment include, in mass percent: 59.44% of silicon dioxide, 14.23% of aluminum oxide, 0.45% of ferric oxide, 23.56% of calcium oxide, 1.07% of magnesium oxide, 0.46% of potassium oxide, 0.31% of sodium oxide and a small amount of impurities.
Mixing the raw materials, parching at 200 deg.C, and cooling to 20 deg.C within 1 min. Adding water into the fried raw materials, ball-milling, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank, and then pressing and forming the blank under the condition of 150MPa to obtain a green brick; grinding, ink jetting and glazing the adobes, then sending the adobes into a kiln to be sintered, and then polishing to obtain a product; the firing includes a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing; the first firing is carried out at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 1h, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to 200 ℃ after the first firing is finished, and then the second firing is carried out; the temperature of the second firing is 1000 ℃, the time is 2 hours, the second firing is naturally cooled to 700 ℃ after the second firing is finished, and then the third firing is carried out; the temperature of the third firing is 1200 ℃, the time is 10min, and after the third firing is finished, the third firing is cooled to the normal temperature in the argon atmosphere.
Controlling the ignition loss to be 6 percent; the content of calcium oxide in the obtained transparent brick is 6.5% and the content of ferric oxide in the transparent brick is 0.2%.
Example 3
Preparing raw materials:
8kg of quartz, 10kg of kaolin, 15kg of feldspar, 8kg of burnt talc, 5kg of pyrophyllite, 17.5kg of nepheline terrae, 5kg of low-temperature sand, 30kg of bone meal, 1kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.5kg of glucose.
Wherein the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite in the feldspar is 1: 3.
mixing the raw materials, parching at 400 deg.C, and cooling to 25 deg.C within 2 min. Adding water into the fried raw materials, ball-milling, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank, and then performing compression molding on the blank under the condition of 120MPa to obtain a brick blank; grinding, ink jetting and glazing the adobes, then sending the adobes into a kiln to be sintered, and then polishing to obtain a product; the firing includes a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing; the first firing is carried out at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 2h, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to 150 ℃ and then is subjected to second firing; the temperature of the second firing is 900 ℃, the time is 3 hours, after the second firing is finished, the second firing is naturally cooled to 650 ℃, and then the third firing is carried out; the temperature of the third firing is 1150 ℃ and the time is 20min, and after the third firing is finished, the third firing is cooled to the normal temperature in the argon atmosphere.
Controlling the ignition loss to be 4%; the content of calcium oxide in the obtained transparent brick is detected to be 6%, and the content of ferric oxide in the transparent brick is detected to be 0.15%.
Example 4
Preparing raw materials:
8kg of quartz, 12.8kg of kaolin, 15kg of feldspar, 7kg of calcined talc, 3kg of pyrophyllite, 16kg of nepheline terrae, 6kg of low-temperature sand, 32kg of bone meal, 0.1kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 0.1kg of glucose.
Wherein the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite in the feldspar is 1: 2.5.
mixing the raw materials, parching at 300 deg.C, and cooling to 22 deg.C within 1.5 min. Adding water into the fried raw materials, ball-milling, sieving with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain a blank, and then performing compression molding on the blank under the condition of 140MPa to obtain a brick blank; grinding, ink jetting and glazing the adobe, then sending the adobe into a kiln to be sintered, and polishing to obtain a product; firing comprises a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing; the first firing is carried out at 350 ℃ for 2.5h, and then the mixture is naturally cooled to 120 ℃ and then is subjected to second firing; the temperature of the second firing is 950 ℃, the time is 3.5 hours, after the second firing is finished, the second firing is naturally cooled to 680 ℃, and then the third firing is carried out; and the temperature of the third firing is 1180 ℃, the time is 25min, and the third firing is cooled to the normal temperature in the argon atmosphere after the third firing is finished.
Controlling the ignition loss to be 5%; the content of calcium oxide in the obtained transparent brick is 6.5% and the content of ferric oxide in the transparent brick is 0.1%.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, firing was continued at 1100 ℃ for 7.5 h.
Comparative example 2
In contrast to example 2, 17kg of kaolin was used instead of the hydrogrinding nepheline.
Comparative example 3
Different from the example 3, the raw materials are directly added with water and ball milled without stir-frying.
Comparative example 4
Unlike example 4, the first firing and the second firing were not followed by cooling, and the next firing was performed.
Comparative example 5
Unlike example 4, the third firing was followed by natural cooling in air.
Comparative example 6
Unlike example 4, the amount of bone meal was reduced such that the calcium oxide content in the light-transmitting brick was less than 4%.
The products obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were tested for whiteness, modulus of rupture, transmission of incident light and yield (2000 blocks per group) and the results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 test data
By analyzing the data in the table 1, the comparative example 1 is compared with the example 1, and it can be known that the deformation rate of high-temperature firing can be reduced and the light transmittance and the strength can be improved by adopting a progressive firing mode; comparative example 2 compared with example 2, it is clear that the use of hydrogrinding nepheline has little effect on the strength of the brick body, but can significantly affect the whiteness and the incident light transmittance; compared with the example 3, the comparative example 3 shows that the raw materials are fried, so that the high-temperature deformation rate can be reduced, the strength can be improved, the yield can be improved, and the whiteness and the incident light transmittance are influenced to a certain extent but are not influenced greatly; in comparison with example 4, comparative example 4 shows that cooling after each firing has an influence on whiteness, strength, incident light transmittance, and yield; compared with the embodiment 4, the comparative example 5 has the advantages that the whiteness and the incident light transmittance can be effectively improved by cooling in the inert gas atmosphere, and the influence on the strength and the yield is small; as compared with example 4, comparative example 6 shows that the decrease in the content of calcium oxide in the final product has a large influence on the whiteness and the incident light transmittance, and has a limited influence on the strength and yield. Comparing examples 1 and 2, it can be seen that the intermediate-temperature frit has certain influence on whiteness, incident light transmittance, strength and yield; as can be seen from comparison between example 2 and examples 3 and 4, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and glucose can improve the whiteness, incident light transmittance, strength and yield of the light-transmitting brick, and the more the amount is, the more the effect is obvious within the range defined by the application.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims above, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination. The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The light-transmitting brick is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5-8% of quartz, 10-25% of kaolin, 15-25% of feldspar, 6-8% of calcined talc, 1-5% of pyrophyllite, 15-25% of rosmarinite, 5-10% of low-temperature sand and 30-45% of a calcium raw material;
the calcareous material comprises bone meal and/or clinker;
the preparation method of the light-transmitting brick comprises the following steps:
performing ball milling on the raw materials to obtain a blank, and then performing compression molding on the blank to obtain a brick blank;
the green bricks are pretreated and then are sent into a kiln to be burnt, and then the products are obtained after the post-treatment;
the ball milling method also comprises the following steps of: mixing the raw materials, frying, and rapidly cooling; the frying temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the rapid cooling refers to that the fried material is cooled to 20-25 ℃ within 1-2 min;
the grain size of the blank is less than or equal to 250 meshes;
the pressure of the compression molding is 100-150 MPa;
the pre-treatment comprises blank grinding, ink jetting and glazing, and the post-treatment comprises polishing.
2. The light-transmitting tile of claim 1, wherein the frit comprises, in mass percent: 57-61% of silicon dioxide, 12-17% of aluminum oxide, 0.2-0.6% of ferric oxide, 21-26% of calcium oxide, 0.9-1.3% of magnesium oxide, 0.1-0.6% of potassium oxide and 0.1-0.5% of sodium oxide.
3. The light-transmitting brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raw materials further comprise, in mass percent: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 0.1-1 wt% and glucose 0.1-0.5 wt%.
4. The light-transmitting brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feldspar comprises potassium feldspar and albite, and the mass ratio of the potassium feldspar to the albite is 1: (1-3).
5. The light-transmitting brick as claimed in claim 1, wherein the content of calcium oxide in the light-transmitting brick is 1% -6.5%, and the content of ferric oxide in the light-transmitting brick is less than or equal to 0.2%; the whiteness of the light-transmitting brick is 70-85.
6. A light-transmitting tile according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the loss on ignition of the raw material is 3 to 6%.
7. A method for preparing a light-transmitting brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which comprises:
ball-milling the raw materials to obtain a blank, and then pressing and forming the blank to obtain a green brick;
the green bricks are pretreated and then are sent into a kiln to be burnt, and then the products are obtained after the post-treatment;
the pressure of the compression molding is 100-150 MPa;
the pre-treatment comprises blank grinding, ink jetting and glazing, and the post-treatment comprises polishing.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising, prior to the ball milling:
mixing the raw materials, frying, and rapidly cooling;
the frying temperature is 200-400 ℃, and the rapid cooling refers to that the fried material is cooled to 20-25 ℃ within 1-2 min;
the grain diameter of the blank is less than or equal to 250 meshes.
9. The production method according to claim 8, wherein the firing includes a first firing, a second firing, and a third firing;
the first firing temperature is 300-500 ℃, the time is 1-3h, after the end, the natural cooling is carried out to 100-200 ℃, and then the second firing is carried out;
the temperature of the second firing is 800-;
the temperature of the third firing is 1100-.
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