CN112846193B - Additive composite micro-rolling shaft surface repairing system and method - Google Patents
Additive composite micro-rolling shaft surface repairing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846193B CN112846193B CN202011615903.2A CN202011615903A CN112846193B CN 112846193 B CN112846193 B CN 112846193B CN 202011615903 A CN202011615903 A CN 202011615903A CN 112846193 B CN112846193 B CN 112846193B
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/062—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts
- B22F2007/068—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools involving the connection or repairing of preformed parts repairing articles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of additive shaft repair, and provides a system and a method for repairing the surface of an additive composite micro-rolled shaft, wherein the system comprises the following steps: the frame is provided with a plurality of groups of spinning units which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a middle abrasion shaft repairing area is constructed; the spinning unit comprises a first driving device, a first guide rail, a first sliding block and a roller, wherein the first driving device and the first guide rail are fixed on the frame, the output end of the first driving device is connected with the first sliding block, the first sliding block is movably arranged on the first guide rail, the roller is connected with the first sliding block, and the roller surface of the roller is opposite to the circumferential surface of the abrasion shaft in the middle abrasion shaft repairing area; and the heating mechanism and the additive printing mechanism are arranged on the frame. The method synchronously realizes the repair of the material adding shaft and the micro rolling of the repaired part, comprehensively improves the microstructure and the mechanical property of the repaired shaft, improves the overall performance of the repaired shaft, and can put the repaired shaft into use again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive shaft repair, in particular to a system and a method for repairing the surface of a shaft subjected to additive composite micro-rolling.
Background
In a large-scale machine, shaft parts are indispensable parts, and in the long-term use process, some surface abrasion or scratches can be inevitably generated, so that the normal use of the machine is influenced, the shaft parts in the large-scale machine are mostly high in cost, so that the surface repair of the shaft parts which fail is significant, on one hand, the cost of maintaining the machine in an enterprise is reduced, on the other hand, a new shaft is not manufactured again through repairing the shaft, the resource utilization rate is greatly improved, and the cost is saved.
At present, methods for repairing a worn shaft in China mainly comprise electric arc surfacing, laser cladding, thermal spraying, electroplating and the like, wherein a plating layer of the electroplating method has low bonding strength, poor wear resistance, limited plating thickness capability and complicated process; although the thermal spraying method has high bonding strength of the repairing layer, the deformation is large, and the thermal spraying method is not suitable for large-area repairing; the arc surfacing method and the laser cladding method are essentially equivalent to the deposition of welding on the surface of a matrix by utilizing high temperature, and the process is relatively simple, so that the arc surfacing method and the laser cladding method are most applied to the aspect of automatic repair at present.
However, in the implementation process of the arc surfacing method and the laser cladding method, corresponding heat influence is inevitably generated on the basal body of the shaft part, and the service life and the safety of the shaft part are directly influenced by the structural change and the strength degradation in a heat-affected zone; in addition, the metallurgical quality of the surfacing layer or the laser cladding layer is difficult to control, metallurgical defects such as air holes and incomplete fusion are easily generated, the overall performance of the repaired shaft cannot meet the requirement for reuse due to the two factors, and the reuse of the repaired shaft part is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for repairing the surface of an additive composite micro-rolled shaft, which are used for synchronously repairing the additive shaft and micro-rolling a repaired part, comprehensively improving the microstructure and the mechanical property of the repaired shaft, improving the overall performance of the repaired shaft and enabling the repaired shaft to be put into use again.
The invention provides an additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system, which comprises: the frame is provided with a plurality of groups of spinning units which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a middle abrasion shaft repairing area is constructed; the spinning unit comprises a first driving device, a first guide rail, a first sliding block and a roller, the first driving device and the first guide rail are fixed on the frame, the output end of the first driving device is connected with the first sliding block, the first sliding block is movably arranged on the first guide rail, the roller is connected with the first sliding block, the roller surface of the roller is opposite to the circumferential surface of the abrasion shaft in the middle abrasion shaft repairing area, and the roller is used for stacking additive materials on the spinning shaft; the heating mechanism is arranged on the frame and used for heating the abrasion shaft based on a set temperature value; and the additive printing mechanism is arranged on the frame and used for printing the additive stacking layer on the abrasion shaft.
According to the shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling, provided by the invention, the frame is a Y-shaped frame, the Y-shaped frame comprises three branch frames, the branch frames are provided with installation channels communicated with the middle wear shaft repairing area, the first driving device is connected with the top wall of the installation channels, and the first guide rails are respectively arranged on the inner walls of two sides of the installation channels.
The shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling further comprises a machine tool platform, wherein the machine tool platform is provided with the frame, a transmission feeding device and a supporting device, the transmission feeding device comprises an axial driving device, a lead screw and a rotary driving device, an output shaft of the axial driving device is connected with the lead screw, the rotary driving device is connected with the lead screw through a first lead screw sliding block, an output shaft of the rotary driving device is connected with the abrasion shaft through a chuck, and the supporting device is connected with the lead screw through a second lead screw sliding block, is positioned between the rotary driving device and the frame and is used for supporting the abrasion shaft.
According to the shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling, which is provided by the invention, a second guide rail is arranged on the machine tool platform, the frame and the axial driving device are respectively positioned at two ends of the second guide rail, second sliding blocks are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the rotary driving device and the supporting device, and the second sliding blocks are movably arranged on the second guide rail.
According to the invention, the support device comprises: elevating system and arc support frame, elevating system set up in on the second slider, the arc support frame connect in elevating system's upper end, the inner wall of arc support frame is equipped with a plurality of recesses along circumference evenly distributed, be equipped with the roller in the recess.
According to the invention, the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system further comprises a preheating mechanism, wherein the preheating mechanism comprises:
the lifting bracket is arranged on the machine tool platform close to the frame;
the double-rocker mechanism is respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the lifting bracket;
the second driving device is arranged on the lifting support, and the output end of the second driving device is connected with the double-rocker mechanism;
and the induction heating coil is connected with the double-rocker mechanism and used for preheating the abrasion shaft.
According to the shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling, provided by the invention, the heating mechanisms and the additive printing mechanisms are respectively three groups, and are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the abrasion shaft.
According to the shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling, provided by the invention, the additive printing mechanism comprises a slider-crank mechanism, a fixed seat and an additive printing head, the slider-crank mechanism is arranged on the frame, the crank end of the slider-crank mechanism is connected with the fixed seat, and the fixed seat is connected with the additive printing head through a turntable bearing.
According to the shaft surface repairing system for additive composite micro-rolling, provided by the invention, the two sides of the middle abrasion shaft repairing area are respectively provided with the temperature sensor and the straightness sensor for detecting the surface flatness of the repaired abrasion shaft, and the rotary driving device is provided with the displacement sensor.
The invention also provides a repair method of the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system, which comprises the following steps:
based on the set temperature value, heating the abrasion shaft through a heating mechanism;
printing an additive stacking layer on the surface of the abrasion shaft through an additive printing mechanism;
the additive stack layer is spun by the spinning unit.
According to the shaft surface repairing system and method for additive composite micro rolling, a heating mechanism is used for heating a wear shaft based on a set temperature value, an additive stacking layer is printed on the surface of the wear shaft through an additive printing mechanism, and the additive stacking layer is subjected to spinning micro rolling through a plurality of groups of spinning units which are circumferentially arranged, so that compressive deformation is introduced in the hot rolling process, the formation of harmful tensile stress is favorably reduced, the grain refinement of the additive stacking layer is promoted, the crack trend of the repairing layer is reduced, compared with the traditional single additive repairing, the repairing system and method are simultaneously improved in the two aspects of microstructure and mechanical property, the improvement of the overall performance of the repairing layer after the wear shaft is repaired is realized, and the repaired shaft can be put into use again.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of an additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an assembly drawing of a spinning unit, heating mechanism and additive printing mechanism provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a roll provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an additive printing mechanism provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a preheating mechanism provided in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a repair method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a repair principle provided by the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a repair in the form of a spiral provided by the present invention;
reference numerals:
1: a frame; 101: a branch frame; 102: installing a channel;
201: a first driving device; 202: a first guide rail; 203: a first slider;
204: rolling; 205: a middle worn shaft repair area; 3: wearing the shaft;
4: a heating mechanism; 5: a additive printing mechanism; 501: crank slider mechanism
502: a fixed seat; 503: an additive print head; 504: a turntable bearing;
6: a machine tool platform; 701: an axial drive device; 702: a lead screw;
703: a rotating electric machine; 704: a reduction gearbox; 705: a first lead screw slider;
706: a chuck; 8: a support device; 801: a second lead screw slider;
802: a lifting mechanism; 803: an arc-shaped support frame; 804: a roller;
9: a second guide rail; 901: a second slider; 10: a preheating mechanism;
11: a lifting support; 12: a double-rocker mechanism; 13: a platform for lifting the support;
14: a second driving device; 15: an induction heating coil; 16: a temperature sensor;
17: a straightness sensor; 18: a displacement sensor; 19: a cylindrical roller bearing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention may be understood as specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly on or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature "under," "beneath," and "under" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
An additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system of the present invention is described below in conjunction with fig. 1-8.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, which mainly comprises: the frame 1, the spinning unit, the heating mechanism 4 and the additive printing mechanism 5, wherein, the frame 1 is provided with a plurality of groups of spinning units uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a middle wear shaft repairing area 205 is constructed, it can be understood that the middle wear shaft repairing area 205 is used for placing a repairing shaft section of the wear shaft 3.
Each group of spinning units comprises a first driving device 201, a first guide rail 202, a first sliding block 203 and a roller 204, the first driving device 201 and the first guide rail 202 are fixed on the frame 1, the output end of the first driving device 201 is connected with the top of the first sliding block 203, the first sliding block 203 is movably arranged on the first guide rail 202, the roller 204 is connected with the bottom of the first sliding block 203 through a cylindrical roller bearing 19, the roller surface of the roller 204 is opposite to the circumferential surface of the wear shaft 3 of the middle wear shaft repairing area 205, the first sliding block 203 is driven to move on the first guide rail 202 through the first driving device 201, and then the roller 204 is driven to press down to enable the roller 204 to spin and micro-roll the additive deposition layer on the repairing shaft section of the wear shaft 3.
Specifically, the first driving device 201 may drive the roll 204 to switch between a first position where the roll surface of the roll 204 abuts against the additive deposit layer on the repair shaft section of the wear shaft 3 tangentially or presses down, and a second position where the roll 204 moves away from the wear shaft 3.
The specific type of the first driving device 201 is not particularly limited, and the embodiment of the present invention is preferably an electric cylinder, and a push rod of the electric cylinder is connected to the first slider 203.
As shown in fig. 5, two ends of the roller 204 of the present invention are respectively connected to the bottom of the first sliding block 203 through heat-resistant ceramic cylindrical roller bearings, and the cross section of the roller 204 adopts an arc design, specifically: the edge of the joint of the bottom roll surface and the two side surfaces of the roll is provided with fillet transition, so that the bearing F given by the first driving device in pressing can be effectively prevented from being concentrated in the middle of the roll to influence the micro-rolling effect, the bearing of the roll can be uniformly dispersed by setting the fillet transition, and the micro-rolling effect is improved.
The heating mechanism 4 is arranged on the frame 1 and used for heating the repaired shaft section of the worn shaft 3 based on a set temperature value.
The specific type of the heating mechanism 4 is not limited, and the embodiment of the present invention is preferably an induction heating device, which can be connected to a controller to control the heating temperature of the wear shaft in real time, specifically: when the forging shaft is in work, the real-time induction heating device controls the forging temperature range to be a set value which is suitable for the material of the abrasion shaft and is 900-1100 ℃.
The material increase printing mechanism 5 is arranged on the frame 1, the wear shaft 3 is heated through the heating mechanism 4 based on a set temperature value, the material increase stacking layer printed on the surface of the repair shaft section of the wear shaft 3 is repaired through the material increase printing mechanism 5, the material increase stacking layer is subjected to spinning micro-rolling through a plurality of groups of spinning units arranged circumferentially, so that the pressure deformation is introduced in the hot rolling process, the harmful tensile stress formation is favorably reduced, the grain refinement of the material increase stacking layer is promoted, the crack trend of the repair layer is reduced, compared with the traditional single material increase repair, the improvement is simultaneously performed on two aspects of microstructure and mechanical property, the improvement of the overall performance of the repair layer after the wear shaft is repaired is realized, and the repaired shaft can be put into use again.
In this example of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the frame 1 is a Y-shaped frame, the Y-shaped frame includes three sub-frames 101, each sub-frame 101 is provided with an installation channel 102 communicated with a middle wear shaft repair area 205, the first driving device 201 is connected to a top wall of the installation channel 102, the first guide rails 202 are respectively disposed on two side inner walls of the installation channel 102, so that the first sliding block 203 slides on the first guide rails 202 on two sides, the first sliding block 203 slides up and down as shown in fig. 4, and the arrangement orientation of the other first sliding blocks should be properly matched for different viewing angles.
It can be understood that, in the present invention, three groups of spinning units are arranged in a manner of being uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction around the wear shaft 3, that is, the arc angles on the circumferential surfaces of two adjacent groups of spinning units are respectively 120 °, so that when the roller 204 applies force during spinning, the internal stress of the wear shaft 3 is zero, that is, the radial deformation of the wear shaft 3 is zero, and the present invention has stability and greatly improves the repair precision of the wear shaft surface.
In order to improve the overall strength and stability of the Y-shaped frame, reinforcing ribs are obliquely connected between the outer walls of two adjacent branch frames to form a triangular stable structure, and the reinforcing ribs at the bottom can also be used for conveniently supporting and fixing the Y-shaped frame on the machine tool platform 6.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the shaft surface repairing system of the present invention further includes a machine tool platform 6, and a frame 1, a transmission feeding device and a supporting device 8 are disposed on the machine tool platform 6, wherein the transmission feeding device includes an axial driving device 701, a lead screw 702 and a rotation driving device, an output shaft of the axial driving device 701 is connected to a left end of the lead screw 702, the rotation driving device is connected to the lead screw 702 through a first lead screw sliding block 705 disposed on a side surface of the rotation driving device, and an output shaft of the rotation driving device is connected to a first end of the wear shaft 3 through a chuck 706, and a second end of the wear shaft 3, that is, a repairing shaft segment, extends into the middle wear shaft repairing region 205. The support device 8 is connected to the spindle 702 by means of a second spindle slide 801 arranged on its side and located between the rotary drive and the frame 1, for supporting the wear shaft 3.
In this embodiment, the specific type of the axial driving device 701 is not limited, and the present invention is preferably an ac servo motor, the ac servo motor drives the lead screw 702 to rotate, and the first lead screw sliding block 705 cooperates with the lead screw 702 to realize the axial movement of the rotational driving device, so as to drive the wear shaft 3 to move axially left and right.
Furthermore, the rotation driving device is preferably a rotation speed reducing motor, and comprises a rotation motor 703 and a reduction gearbox 704, the reduction gearbox 704 is arranged on the machine tool platform 6, a first screw rod sliding block 705 connected with the screw rod 702 is arranged on the side surface of the reduction gearbox 704, the rotation motor 703 is fixed on the reduction gearbox 704, an output shaft of the rotation motor 703 is connected with an input shaft of the reduction gearbox 704, an output shaft of the reduction gearbox 704 is connected with a first end of the wear shaft 3 through a chuck 706, and the rotation motor 703 drives the wear shaft 3 to rotate through the reduction gearbox 704.
In some examples, the specific type of the rotating motor 703 and chuck 706 of the present invention is not limited, and the rotating motor 703 of the present invention is preferably an ac servomotor and the chuck 706 is preferably a three-jaw chuck.
Therefore, the transmission feeding device can realize the rotation and axial feeding of the abrasion shaft 3, and the transmission feeding device can be modified by a common machine tool, the scheme is convenient to implement, and the equipment is simple to manufacture and low in cost.
As a further improvement, as shown in fig. 2, a second guide rail 9 is provided on the machine tool platform 6, the frame 1 and the axial driving device 701 are respectively located at the left and right ends of the second guide rail 9, the reduction gearbox 704 and the supporting device 8 are respectively provided with a second slider 901 at the bottom, and the second slider 901 is movably arranged on the second guide rail 9.
As shown in fig. 7, as an embodiment, the supporting device 8 mainly includes: the lifting mechanism 802 is arranged on the second slider 901, the arc-shaped support frame 803 is connected to the upper end of the lifting mechanism 802, the lifting mechanism 802 drives the arc-shaped support frame 803 to move up and down, the height of a wear shaft 3 in the arc-shaped support frame 803 can be adjusted, and adaptability to wear shafts with different shaft diameters is achieved.
The specific type of the lifting mechanism 802 of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the arc support 803 can be driven to move up and down, and may be, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, or an air cylinder.
It will be appreciated that the outer diameter and curvature of the arcuate support shelf 803 of the present invention is matched to the wear shaft 3 for better support of the wear shaft 3.
In addition, a plurality of grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the inner wall of the arc-shaped support frame 803, and rollers 804 are arranged in the grooves. In this embodiment, the number of the grooves and the rollers 804 is eight, and the grooves hold the eight rollers 804 at specific positions so that they do not affect the rotational freedom of the wear shaft 3 while supporting the wear shaft 3.
As shown in fig. 1 and 8, the shaft surface repairing system of the present invention further includes a preheating mechanism 10, and the preheating mechanism 10 mainly includes: the device comprises a lifting support 11, a double-rocker mechanism 12, a second driving device 14 and an induction heating coil 15, wherein the left side, close to a frame 1, of the lifting support 11 is arranged on a machine tool platform 6, the double-rocker mechanism 12 is respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the lifting support 11, and specifically, the bottom end of the double-rocker mechanism 12 is connected with the upper end of the lifting support 11; the connecting end of the second driving device 14 is arranged on the platform 13 of the lifting support, the platform 13 of the lifting support is located at the upper end of the lifting support 11, the output end of the second driving device 14 is connected with the rod body of the double-rocker mechanism 12 to provide power for the double-rocker mechanism 12, and the induction heating coil 15 is connected with the upper end of the double-rocker mechanism 12 and used for preheating the repairing shaft section of the abrasion shaft 3.
The movement of the double rocker mechanism 12 driven by the second driving means 14 rotates the induction heating coil 15. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the induction heating coil 15 is further an induction heating coil cover, and the movement of the induction heating coil cover includes opening upward and covering downward the wear shaft 3, thereby facilitating the installation of the wear shaft.
And the induction heating coil cover is in a semi-arc shape, the outer diameter and the radian of the induction heating coil cover are matched with the abrasion shaft, so that the abrasion shaft can be better heated in a close mode, and the repaired shaft section of the abrasion shaft is preheated to be heated to a set value which is suitable for abrasion shaft materials and is 900-1100 ℃.
Unlike the above-described embodiments, the induction heating coil housing of this embodiment may be configured as two half-arc induction heating coil housings symmetrically arranged with respect to the upper and lower arc openings for opening and closing, and it is understood that the induction heating coil housing located below should have a certain distance from the machine tool platform 6, and the installation position should be set so as not to affect the opening and closing movement.
The double-rocker mechanism 12 is a conventional structure in the art, and mainly includes a plurality of hinged rods, which can rotate, and will not be described in detail herein.
The specific type of the second driving device 14 is not limited, and in this embodiment, the second driving device 14 is preferably a cylinder, and a push rod of the cylinder is connected with a rod body of the double-rocker mechanism 12.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the heating mechanisms 4 and the additive printing mechanisms 5 are respectively provided in three groups, and the heating mechanisms 4 and the additive printing mechanisms 5 are respectively and uniformly arranged around the wear shaft 3 along the circumferential direction, and in the repairing process, a set of repairing components consisting of a group of spinning units, a set of heating mechanisms 4 and a set of additive printing mechanisms 5 work cooperatively, so that the repairing device is provided with three sets of repairing components for repairing.
As shown in fig. 6, the additive printing mechanism 5 mainly includes a slider-crank mechanism 501, a fixing base 502, and an additive printing head 503, the slider-crank mechanism 501 is disposed on the frame 1, a crank end of the slider-crank mechanism 501 is connected to the fixing base 502, the fixing base 502 is connected to the additive printing head 503 through a turntable bearing 504, and the relative rotation and radial feeding of the additive printing head 503 can be realized through the above arrangement, that is, the printing posture of the additive printing head 503 can be adjusted.
It will be appreciated that the slider-crank mechanism 501 is conventional in the art and its operating principle will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 1, a temperature sensor 16 is disposed on the left side of the frame 1 in the middle wear shaft repairing area 205, and is used for detecting the repairing temperature of the wear shaft 3 in real time, and controlling the operation of the induction heating device according to the feedback value of the temperature sensor 16, so as to maintain the temperature of the wear shaft 3 being repaired within a set forgeable temperature range. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 16 is preferably an infrared temperature sensor, but may be another type of temperature sensor.
Moreover, a linearity sensor 17 is arranged on the right side of the frame 1, and the linearity sensor 17 is installed on the machine tool platform 6 and used for detecting the surface flatness of the repaired wear shaft, specifically: the shape of the surface of the repaired worn shaft acquired by the straightness sensor increases the pressing amount of the roller to enable the repaired surface to be smoother if the peak-to-valley difference is more.
In addition, a reduction box 704 of the rotary driving device is provided with a displacement sensor 18, the deformation of the abrasion shaft 3 caused by heating can be obtained by comparing the displacement input by the axial driving device 701 with the displacement value collected by the displacement sensor 18, and then the deformation is fed back to the axial driving device 701, the control value of the axial driving device 701 is compensated, so that the feeding of the abrasion shaft 3 is combined with a preset spiral line feeding form, and the repair of the whole repaired shaft section is completed.
Based on the above embodiments, it can be understood that the entire repair system of the present invention is provided with a controller, the controller is mainly connected to the first driving device 201, the heating mechanism 4, the additive printing mechanism 5, the transmission feeding device, the supporting device 8, the preheating mechanism 10, the temperature sensor 16, the linearity sensor 17, the displacement sensor 18, and other components, and is used for controlling the automatic operation of the entire system, and after relevant parameters of the components are adjusted, the surfacing repair can be performed completely automatically without manual operation. It will be appreciated that the relevant parameters may be, for example, rotational speed, temperature, printing parameters, etc., and that the parameters obtainable according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention may all be set.
In accordance with another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, the repair method of the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system provided by the present invention is described below, and it is to be understood that the repair method described below and the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system described above may be referred to with respect to each other.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the repair method of the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system mainly includes:
s1: based on the set temperature value, the wear shaft is heated by a heating mechanism.
The forging temperature range is set to be 900-1100 ℃ through a controller, the temperature set value is maintained through the heating mechanism 4, the repaired shaft section of the abrasion shaft 3 is continuously heated, and spinning micro-rolling is carried out by combining with the roller 204 of the spinning unit to form hot rolling.
S2: and printing the additive stacking layer on the surface of the abrasion shaft through the additive printing mechanism.
The surface of the repair shaft section of the worn shaft 3 is printed with the additive build-up layer by the additive print head 503 for build-up repair.
S3: the additive stack layer is spun by the spinning unit.
It should be noted that, the steps S1 to S3 in the present invention have no explicit sequence, and generally are synchronous operations as shown in fig. 10.
Therefore, the repair method introduces compressive deformation in the hot rolling process, is beneficial to reducing the formation of harmful tensile stress, promotes the grain refinement of the additive stack layer, reduces the crack tendency of the repair layer, improves the microstructure and the mechanical property simultaneously in comparison with the traditional single additive repair, and realizes the improvement of the overall performance of the repair layer after the repair of the wear shaft.
Based on the above combinable embodiments, the repair method of the additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system of the present invention may specifically include the following steps.
The first step is as follows: the second driving device 14 is controlled to turn on the induction heating coil 15 of the preheating mechanism 10, the lifting mechanism 802 of the supporting device 8 is controlled to move downwards, the axial driving device 701 is controlled to move the supporting device 8 leftwards, then the abrasion shaft 3 is placed in and clamped through the chuck 706, and the lifting mechanism 802 is adjusted to complete the supporting of the abrasion shaft 3.
The second step: according to the diameter of the shaft section needing to be repaired of the worn shaft, the height of an induction heating coil 15 is adjusted by controlling the relative position of a double-rocker mechanism 12 and a lifting support 11, then a second driving device 14 is controlled to put down the induction heating coil 15, an axial driving device 701 is controlled to move the repaired shaft section of the worn shaft 3 to the position below the induction heating coil 15, and a rotary driving device is controlled to rotate the worn shaft 3, so that the shaft section needing to be repaired is preheated to be heated to a set value which is suitable for the material of the worn shaft and is 900-1100 ℃.
The third step: controlling the axial driving device 701 to move the shaft section to be repaired to the middle worn shaft repairing area 205 of the frame 1, as shown in fig. 10, controlling the first driving device 201 to adjust the radial position of the roller 204 according to the diameter of the repaired shaft section, so that the hot rolling pressing amount is 30% -50% of the height of each additive stacking layer (the specific value is slightly different according to different materials), adjusting the posture of the additive printing head 503 through the crank block mechanism 501 and the turntable bearing 504, so that the additive printing drop point is axially positioned in the middle of the roller surface of the roller, so that the rolling is more uniform, and the additive printing drop point is 10mm-20mm away from the roller in the circumferential direction, so that the optimal rolling temperature is found in the cooling process that the additive printing drop point is distant along with the distance, and the optimal distance in the radial direction is in accordance with the type of the corresponding additive printing head, thereby improving the printing effect.
The fourth step: controlling the axial driving device 701 and the rotary driving device to be linked, as shown in fig. 11, continuously feeding the wear shaft 3 in a spiral line (three spiral lines a, b, c), wherein the number of the spiral lines n =3, calculating the distance (pitch) between the center lines of two adjacent weld paths according to the width W of a single weld of the additive printing head and the lap ratio R between the weld paths,
pitch p = (1-R) × W, lead angle thereof
According to the formula
Calculated, wherein n is the number of spiral lines, p is the pitch of the spiral lines, D is the diameter of the repaired shaft section,
is the lead angle.
The lead angle is also the included angle between the side surface of the roller and the central line of the abrasion shaft; meanwhile, according to the feedback value of the temperature sensor 16, the heating mechanism 4 is controlled to work in real time, the temperature of the repaired shaft section is kept in a set malleable temperature range of 900-1100 ℃, so that the additive printing head 503 starts to work, the roller 204 is driven by friction force to carry out spinning repair on the additive stacking layer, the deformation of the abrasion shaft 3 caused by heating can be obtained by comparing the displacement input by the axial driving device 701 with the displacement value acquired by the displacement sensor 18, and then the deformation is fed back to the axial driving device 701 to compensate the control value of the axial driving device 701, so that the feeding of the abrasion shaft 3 conforms to a preset spiral line form; the shape of the repaired surface of the worn shaft acquired by the straightness sensor 17 increases the pressing amount of the roller 204 to make the repaired surface more flat if the peak-valley difference is large, and the repair is completed along with the continuous feeding of the worn shaft.
The fifth step: and (3) cooling the worn shaft 3, turning on the preheating mechanism 10, controlling the axial driving device 701 to move the supporting device 8 and the chuck 706 to the left, and taking down the repaired worn shaft.
Therefore, the repairing method adopts a plurality of groups of spinning units which are circumferentially arranged, can realize the repair of a spiral line form with a plurality of lines by controlling the feeding speed of the abrasion shaft, greatly improves the repairing efficiency of the abrasion shaft, realizes the high integration of the repairing process of the additive composite micro-rolling shaft, controls the temperature by the preheating mechanism and the heating mechanism, and can finish the repairing work of the abrasion shaft by the repairing system and the repairing method of the additive printing mechanism and the micro-rolling of the spinning units.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system, comprising:
the frame is provided with a plurality of groups of spinning units which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and a middle abrasion shaft repairing area is constructed;
the spinning unit comprises a first driving device, a first guide rail, a first sliding block and a roller, the first driving device and the first guide rail are fixed on the frame, the output end of the first driving device is connected with the first sliding block, the first sliding block is movably arranged on the first guide rail, the roller is connected with the first sliding block, the roller surface of the roller is opposite to the circumferential surface of the abrasion shaft of the middle abrasion shaft repairing area, and the roller is used for stacking additive on the spinning abrasion shaft;
the heating mechanism is arranged on the frame and used for heating the abrasion shaft based on a set temperature value;
the additive printing mechanism is arranged on the frame and used for printing the additive stacking layer on the abrasion shaft;
and the heating mechanism and the additive printing mechanism are respectively and uniformly arranged around the abrasion shaft along the circumferential direction, and in the repairing process, a set of repairing component is formed by the spinning unit, the heating mechanism and the additive printing mechanism to cooperatively work.
2. The additive clad micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system according to claim 1, wherein the frame is a Y-shaped frame, the Y-shaped frame comprises three sub-frames, the sub-frames are provided with installation channels communicated with the middle worn shaft restoration area, the first driving device is connected with top walls of the installation channels, and the first guide rails are respectively arranged on two side inner walls of the installation channels.
3. The additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system according to claim 1, further comprising a machine tool platform, wherein the machine tool platform is provided with the frame, a transmission feeding device and a supporting device, the transmission feeding device comprises an axial driving device, a lead screw and a rotary driving device, an output shaft of the axial driving device is connected with the lead screw, the rotary driving device is connected with the lead screw through a first lead screw sliding block, an output shaft of the rotary driving device is connected with the wear shaft through a chuck, and the supporting device is connected with the lead screw through a second lead screw sliding block, is positioned between the rotary driving device and the frame, and is used for supporting the wear shaft.
4. The additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system according to claim 3, wherein a second guide rail is provided on the machine tool platform, the frame and the axial driving device are respectively located at two ends of the second guide rail, and a second slider is respectively provided at the bottom of the rotary driving device and the supporting device, and the second slider is movably provided on the second guide rail.
5. The additive clad micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system according to claim 4, wherein the support device comprises: elevating system and arc support frame, elevating system set up in on the second slider, the arc support frame connect in elevating system's upper end, the inner wall of arc support frame is equipped with a plurality of recesses along circumference evenly distributed, be equipped with the roller in the recess.
6. The additive clad micro rolled shaft surface restoration system according to claim 3 further comprising a pre heating mechanism comprising:
the lifting bracket is arranged on the machine tool platform close to the frame;
the double-rocker mechanism is respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end of the lifting bracket;
the second driving device is arranged on the lifting support, and the output end of the second driving device is connected with the double-rocker mechanism;
and the induction heating coil is connected with the double-rocker mechanism and used for preheating the abrasion shaft.
7. The additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface restoration system according to claim 1, wherein the heating mechanisms and the additive printing mechanisms are in three groups, respectively, and are circumferentially equispaced around the wear shaft.
8. The additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system according to claim 7, wherein the additive printing mechanism comprises a slider-crank mechanism, a fixing base and an additive printing head, the slider-crank mechanism is arranged on the frame, a crank end of the slider-crank mechanism is connected with the fixing base, and the fixing base is connected with the additive printing head through a turntable bearing.
9. The additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repairing system according to claim 3, wherein a temperature sensor and a linearity sensor for detecting surface flatness of the repaired wear shaft are respectively arranged on two sides of the middle wear shaft repairing area, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the rotary driving device.
10. The method of repairing an additive composite micro-rolled shaft surface repair system according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising:
based on the set temperature value, heating the abrasion shaft through a heating mechanism;
printing an additive stacking layer on the surface of the abrasion shaft through an additive printing mechanism;
the additive stack layer is spun by the spinning unit.
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| CN113732310B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2023-03-03 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing complex thin-wall component by adopting laser metal deposition and follow-up rolling |
| CN114183477B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2024-01-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Clutch applied to friction additive manufacturing device |
| CN114669603B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-03-10 | 一重集团常州市华冶轧辊股份有限公司 | Roller surface defect detection and repair system and working method thereof |
| CN116275132B (en) * | 2023-05-23 | 2023-07-25 | 西南石油大学 | Laser repairing equipment and process for damaged sucker rod in oil field |
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| US20190128144A1 (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2019-05-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Repair of components using additive manufacturing with in-situ cold working |
| CN108220956A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-06-29 | 株洲辉锐增材制造技术有限公司 | A kind of roll laser deposition prosthetic device and restorative procedure |
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