CN112845587B - Method for preparing gradient structure metal material by increment-accumulation pack rolling - Google Patents
Method for preparing gradient structure metal material by increment-accumulation pack rolling Download PDFInfo
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- CN112845587B CN112845587B CN202110018122.3A CN202110018122A CN112845587B CN 112845587 B CN112845587 B CN 112845587B CN 202110018122 A CN202110018122 A CN 202110018122A CN 112845587 B CN112845587 B CN 112845587B
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B47/00—Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a metal material with a gradient structure by incremental-cumulative pack rolling. a) Selecting more than 5 metal plates with the same specification, and carrying out heat treatment on each plate; b) treating the surfaces to be combined of the plates after the heat treatment; c) performing lap rolling on the 3 processed plates to obtain a core layer; d) respectively placing the 2 processed plates on the upper and lower surfaces of the material obtained by the pack rolling, and processing the plates to the same size; e) rolling the stacked three-layer plates to finish one-time increment-accumulation lap rolling; f) and d, repeating the steps d to e, wherein the increment-accumulation rolling pass is 3-5 times, and thus the required gradient structure plate can be obtained. According to the invention, by an increment-accumulation pack rolling method, the gradient of the refining degree of the microstructure of the material from the surface layer to the core part is improved, so that the material has high strength and good toughness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal material rolling, relates to rolling of a metal gradient structure material, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling.
Background
Ultra-fine grained metal materials have gained widespread academic interest over the past decades and a number of methods have been invented to prepare and study these materials. However, for ultra-fine grained metal materials, the limitation is that the strength of the material is high and the plasticity is very low. Under the background, the improvement of the toughness of the ultra-fine grain metal material becomes a hot problem concerned by researchers.
The gradient structure material is an important branch of the development of the ultra-fine grained metal material, and the metal material with the gradient structure is proved to have excellent strength and good toughness. At present, the methods for preparing the metal material with the gradient structure mainly comprise surface mechanical grinding (SMAT), Surface Mechanical Grinding (SMGT) and the like, are limited by the load applying mode, have low preparation efficiency of the gradient structure, have large size limitation of a processed sample, and are difficult to realize industrial production. The rolling is used as an efficient continuous processing technology, and has great application potential in the preparation of gradient structure materials. At present, the method for preparing the gradient structure material by rolling is mainly to prepare plates with different microstructures firstly and weld the plates in a pack rolling mode. The method exerts the advantages of the rolling process, and has the defects of complex preparation process, unobvious gradient distribution of microstructure and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing a gradient-structured metal material by incremental-cumulative rolling, which can prepare a gradient-structured sheet material in a large scale at a high rate, and improve the production efficiency of the gradient-structured material, wherein the microstructure refinement degree of the obtained gradient-structured sheet material is gradually improved from the surface layer to the core portion, and the obtained gradient-structured sheet material has good strength and excellent plasticity compared with the conventional cold-rolled material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of producing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling, comprising:
a) selecting more than 5 metal plates with the same specification, and carrying out heat treatment on each plate;
b) cleaning the surfaces to be combined of the plates after the heat treatment;
c) performing lap rolling on the 3 processed plates to obtain a core layer;
d) respectively placing the 2 processed plates on the upper and lower surfaces of the material obtained by the pack rolling, and processing the plates to the same size;
e) rolling the stacked three-layer plates to finish one-time increment-accumulation lap rolling;
f) and d, repeating the steps d to e to obtain the required gradient structure plate.
Preferably, the heat treatment temperature of the step (a) is 0.3-0.4 Tm, and the time is 30 min-24 h.
Preferably, the four corners of the stacked plates in the step (c) and the step (d) are fixed by rivets, so that the stacked plates are in close contact with each other and do not move relatively.
Preferably, the stacked plates are placed in an incubator for 5-15 min at a set temperature of room temperature to 0.2Tm before rolling in the step (c) and the step (e).
Preferably, the rolling reduction of the step (c) and the step (e) is 50 to 80 percent. When the preset increment-accumulated rolling passes are less, the reduction is preferably larger in a set range so as to obtain a better combination effect; when the preset increment-accumulated rolling passes are more, the reduction is preferably smaller in a set range, so that the multi-pass rolling is easier to realize on the premise of ensuring the combination effect.
Preferably, the increment-accumulation rolling pass of the step (f) is 3-5 times.
Preferably, said step (f) determines the incremental-cumulative lap pass depending on the desired material properties. The higher the strength of the material required, the more it can be obtained by increasing the number of incremental-cumulative passes, according to which the toughness of the material remains substantially unchanged.
Preferably, the metal plate is an aluminum alloy plate or a copper alloy plate.
Preferably, the thickness of the metal plate is 0.5 mm-2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the prior art, the invention can greatly improve the production efficiency of the gradient structure material, the microstructure refinement degree of the obtained gradient structure plate is gradually improved from the surface layer to the core part, the strength of the gradient structure plate is increased along with the increase of rolling passes, the toughness of the gradient structure plate is kept unchanged or even slightly improved, and the gradient structure plate shows good obdurability matching performance.
2. The method is characterized in that two layers of original materials are newly added on the upper surface layer and the lower surface layer of the core layer in each rolling pass after the core layer is prepared, obviously, the participating rolling passes of each layer from the core to the surface layer are sequentially reduced, the participating rolling passes of the core are the most, the participating rolling passes of the surface layer are the least, the accumulated strain of each layer is sequentially reduced, and the refining degree of a microstructure is also sequentially reduced.
3. The process is suitable for preparing gradient structure materials of aluminum alloy, copper alloy and the like, and has important application prospects in the fields of aerospace, automobile lightweight, bridge preparation and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the microstructure of incremental-cumulative pack rolling for producing a gradient structured metallic material.
FIG. 3 is an engineering stress-strain curve for incremental-cumulative pack rolling of a gradient structure aluminum alloy of example 1.
FIG. 4 is an engineering stress-strain curve for incremental-cumulative pack rolling of a copper alloy for a gradient structure of example 2.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention relates to a method for preparing a metal material with a gradient structure by incremental-cumulative rolling, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a hard core layer of a plate with the gradient structure in a rolling mode, then superposing two plates with the same specification on the upper surface and the lower surface of the plate, combining the plates by composite rolling, and repeating the process for 3-5 times to obtain the required plate with the gradient structure. The main principle is that the strain of each plate from the core to the surface layer is distributed in a gradient manner, and the microstructure of each plate is refined to different degrees, so that the plate with the refined degree gradient from the surface layer to the core microstructure is prepared.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: taking aluminum alloy or copper alloy as a raw material plate sample1, wherein the thickness of the raw material plate sample1 is 0.5-2 mm, the width of the raw material plate sample1 is 100-1200 mm, and carrying out heat treatment on the sample1 at the temperature of 0.3-0.4 Tm for 30 min-24 h, wherein Tm is the melting point of the processed metal material;
the second step is that: removing oxides and dirt by using a steel wire brush and acetone respectively, and treating the surface to be combined of each plate;
the third step: taking 3 raw material plates, namely sample1, placing the plates in a rolling mill for rolling, and preparing a core layer to obtain sample2, wherein the set reduction is 50-80%;
the fourth step: respectively placing the 2 processed plates on the upper and lower surfaces of the rolled material, processing the plates to the same size, and fixing four corners of the stacked plates by rivets to ensure that the plates are in close contact with each other and do not move relatively;
the fifth step: rolling the stacked three-layer plates to finish one-time increment-accumulation rolling to obtain a plate sample3 with a gradient structure, wherein the set reduction is 50-80%;
and a sixth step: repeating the fifth step for a plurality of times, the microstructure of the gradient structure plate can be regulated and controlled, and various gradient structure plates with different microstructure refinement degrees and different gradient structure distribution are obtained, namely sample 4-sample 6 shown in fig. 1. Taking fig. 2 as an example, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a microstructure of a gradient structure material after 3 times of increment-accumulation pack rolling, and it can be seen that the microstructure of the material is symmetrically distributed in a core layer, and the refinement degree of the microstructure is continuously improved from a surface layer to the core.
The following are two specific examples:
example 1: preparation of 7-layer gradient-structure aluminum alloy plate
The first step is as follows: an aluminum alloy 1050 plate is used as a raw material, the thickness of the raw material is 0.6mm, the width of the raw material is 300mm, and the raw material is annealed for 2 hours at 250 ℃ in an annealing furnace.
The second step is that: and removing oxides and dirt by using a steel wire brush and acetone respectively, and treating the surface to be combined of the aluminum alloy plate.
The third step: taking 3 aluminum alloy plates, rolling the plates in a rolling mill at room temperature with 60% of reduction, and preparing a core layer.
The fourth step: and respectively placing the 2 processed aluminum alloys on the upper surface and the lower surface of the material obtained by the superposition rolling, processing the materials to the same size, and simultaneously fixing the materials by rivets.
The fifth step: and rolling the stacked three-layer plates at room temperature at a reduction of 60% to obtain the 5-layer gradient-structure aluminum alloy plate.
And a sixth step: and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, and rolling at the room temperature by 60 percent of reduction to obtain the 7-layer gradient-structure aluminum alloy plate. The gradient structure aluminum alloy prepared by incremental-accumulative pack rolling has the strength and toughness which can be synergistically improved along with the increase of rolling passes, and shows good toughness matching performance.
FIG. 3 is an engineering stress-strain curve for incremental-cumulative pack rolling to produce a gradient structure aluminum alloy from which it can be seen that the core layer has an ultimate strength of about 159MPa and an elongation at break of about 10.4%. After 1 pass of incremental-accumulative pack rolling, the ultimate strength is increased to 168MPa, and the fracture elongation is increased to 11.7 percent; after 2 passes of incremental-cumulative pack rolling, the ultimate strength increased to 172MPa and the elongation at break increased to 12.0%.
Example 2: preparation of 9-layer gradient structure copper alloy plate
The first step is as follows: a copper alloy TU1 plate is used as a raw material, the thickness of the raw material is 1mm, the width of the raw material is 100mm, and the raw material is annealed for 24 hours at 400 ℃ in an annealing furnace.
The second step is that: the surface to be bonded of the TU1 panel was treated with a wire brush and acetone to remove oxides and dirt, respectively.
The third step: taking 3 TU1 plates, annealing at 200 ℃ for 5min before rolling, and rolling in a rolling mill at 80% reduction to prepare a core layer.
The fourth step: and 2 processed TU1 plates were placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the resulting material, respectively, and were machined to the same dimensions while being riveted.
The fifth step: and annealing the stacked three-layer plates at 200 ℃ for 5min before rolling, and rolling at the reduction of 80% to obtain the 5-layer gradient structure plate.
And a sixth step: and repeating the fourth step and the fifth step, annealing the stacked three-layer plates at 200 ℃ for 5min before rolling, and rolling by 80% of reduction to obtain the 7-layer gradient structure plate.
The seventh step: repeating the fourth step and the fifth step again, annealing the stacked three-layer plates at 200 ℃ for 5min before rolling, and rolling at 80% of reduction to obtain the 9-layer gradient structure plate. The gradient structure copper alloy prepared by increment-accumulation pack rolling has the advantages that the strength is continuously improved and good obdurability matching performance is shown under the condition that the toughness is basically kept unchanged along with the increase of rolling passes.
FIG. 4 is an engineering stress-strain curve for incremental-cumulative pack rolling of a copper alloy with a gradient structure, from which it can be seen that the ultimate strength of the core layer is about 361MPa and the elongation at break is about 7.3%. After 1-3 times of incremental-accumulative pack rolling, the ultimate strength is respectively increased to 373MPa, 389MPa and 409MPa, and the fracture elongation is always kept within the range of 8.3-8.8%.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preparing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a) selecting more than 5 metal plates with the same specification, and carrying out heat treatment on each metal plate, wherein the metal plates are aluminum alloy plates or copper alloy plates;
b) cleaning the to-be-bonded surfaces of the metal plates after the heat treatment;
c) 3 processed metal plates are rolled to be used as a core layer;
d) respectively placing the 2 processed metal plates on the upper surface and the lower surface of the material obtained by the rolling to obtain three-layer plates which are stacked together, and processing the three-layer plates which are stacked together to the same size;
e) rolling the stacked three-layer plates to finish one-time increment-accumulation lap rolling;
placing the stacked metal plates in a heat preservation box before rolling in the step c) and the step e), setting the temperature to be room temperature-0.2 Tm, and preserving the heat for 5-15 min, wherein Tm is the melting point of the processed metal material;
f) and d, repeating the steps d to e to obtain the required metal plate with the gradient structure.
2. The method for preparing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment temperature of the step a) is 0.3-0.4 Tm, and the time is 30 min-24 h.
3. The method for preparing a gradient structural metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling according to claim 1, wherein the four corners of the stacked metal plates in the steps c) and d) are fixed by rivets, so that the metal plates are in close contact with each other and do not move relatively.
4. The method for preparing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling according to claim 1, wherein the rolling reduction of the step c) and the step e) is 50-80%.
5. The method for preparing the gradient structure metal material by the incremental-cumulative pack rolling according to claim 1, wherein the increment-cumulative pack rolling pass of the step f) is 3-5 times.
6. The method for preparing a gradient structural metal material by incremental-cumulative rolling according to claim 1, wherein the step f) is to determine incremental-cumulative rolling passes according to the required material properties.
7. The method for preparing a gradient structure metal material by incremental-cumulative pack rolling according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the metal plate is 0.5 mm-2 mm.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2657624A1 (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1991-08-02 | Saint Louis Inst | Process for the manufacture of plates made of ductile metal and its applications |
| CN109047331A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-21 | 燕山大学 | A kind of steel/aluminium thick composite plate hot rolling compounding method |
| CN111085544A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-05-01 | 长春工业大学 | Method for preparing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy plate by pack rolling |
| CN111203443A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 河北科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength Zr-based alloy composite material |
| CN111922077A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-13 | 太原理工大学 | Hole-pattern rolling forming method for metal laminated composite plate |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2657624A1 (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1991-08-02 | Saint Louis Inst | Process for the manufacture of plates made of ductile metal and its applications |
| DE4101919A1 (en) * | 1990-01-26 | 1992-01-23 | Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst | Ductile metal plate mfr. |
| CN109047331A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-12-21 | 燕山大学 | A kind of steel/aluminium thick composite plate hot rolling compounding method |
| CN111085544A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-05-01 | 长春工业大学 | Method for preparing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy plate by pack rolling |
| CN111203443A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-05-29 | 河北科技大学 | Preparation method of high-strength Zr-based alloy composite material |
| CN111922077A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-11-13 | 太原理工大学 | Hole-pattern rolling forming method for metal laminated composite plate |
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