CN109666879B - ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace - Google Patents
ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109666879B CN109666879B CN201910131231.9A CN201910131231A CN109666879B CN 109666879 B CN109666879 B CN 109666879B CN 201910131231 A CN201910131231 A CN 201910131231A CN 109666879 B CN109666879 B CN 109666879B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps: (1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard, wherein the forging is carried out in the three directions of length, width and height; (2) hot rolling: performing turning rolling on the forged plate obtained in the step (1), and then performing small-machining-rate multi-pass rolling at the temperature of 345-355 ℃ to finally obtain a hot rolled plate with the total heating power of 26-27%; (3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment at 180 ℃ for 22-26h on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace. The magnesium alloy produced by the method is subjected to forging, hot rolling and aging treatment, has three-dimensional properties exceeding those of aerospace materials, and can be well applied to the aerospace military industry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of alloy manufacturing, and particularly relates to a ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace.
Background
The magnesium alloy is the metal with the smallest specific gravity in the light metals, and the material is particularly suitable for being applied to aerospace. However, the ZK61M material has a narrow hot working temperature range of only about 50 ℃, and hot rolling is difficult to complete in the range, so that plates cannot be produced, at present, no plate standard exists in China, only forgings are produced (the ZK61M magnesium alloy only has a forging standard), but the performance of the forging standard cannot meet the material performance of aerospace application. The ZK61M forging standard and the aerospace standard are shown in Table 1.
Note: in the table, H112 is in a natural cooling state, the national forging standard (the national ZK 61M-free plate standard) is in parentheses, and the mechanical properties required by the aerospace plate are out of parentheses.
At present, any magnesium alloy material has no three-dimensional requirement on mechanical property, and the strip has the longitudinal property requirement; extrusion requires longitudinal properties; forging requires both longitudinal and transverse properties. However, no high directional performance is required for the material, whatever the standard, but the aerospace plate requires the material to have three-directional performance, and each direction is beyond the standard specification. The high performance tensile strength of ZK61M is difficult to reach 220N/mm2The strength of the specified non-proportional strength is difficult to reach 120N/mm2(ii) a Therefore, a novel ZK61M magnesium alloy needs to be developed to realize the material performance of aerospace application and fill up the industrial blank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace to overcome the defects of the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps:
(1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard at the heating temperature of 420-430 ℃ for 13-16 hours, forging in the three directions of length, width and height, and obtaining a forged plate at the finish forging temperature of not less than 350 ℃;
(2) hot rolling: heating the forging plate obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 400-420 ℃ for 6-9h, then performing turning rolling to obtain a rolling plate A, and then performing small-machining-rate multi-pass rolling at the temperature of 345-355 ℃ to finally obtain a hot rolling plate with the total heating power of 26-27%;
(3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment at 180 ℃ for 22-26h on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace.
And (2) forging in the length direction, the width direction and the height direction of the step (1) by adopting a forging ratio of 10-20.
In the step (1), the diameter of the ZK61M round ingot is 500mm + 300mm, the length is 700mm + 600 mm, and the final forging is a forging plate with the thickness of 150mm + 155mm, wherein the round ingot with the length of 600 + 700mm is firstly forged to 400mm + 300mm, then the round ingot is forged to be rectangular, and then the forging is carried out in the three directions of length, width and height.
And (3) the processing rate of the rolled plate A obtained after the turning rolling in the step (2) is 22-23%, and then the rolling with small processing rate is carried out for multiple times, so that the hot rolled plate with the total heating power of 26-27% is finally obtained.
The steering rolling in the step (2) is specifically operated as follows: firstly longitudinally rolling 150-155mm thick forged plates into 137-141mm thick plates, then turning and transversely rolling into 126-130mm thick plates, turning and longitudinally rolling into 119-123mm thick plates, and finally turning and transversely rolling into 114-116mm thick rolled plates A, and then carrying out small-machining-rate multi-pass rolling into 109-112mm thick rolled plates.
The number of passes in the small-machining-rate multi-pass rolling is not less than 6-8 passes.
According to the invention, firstly, the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard is forged, the internal structure of the forged blank is changed into a processing structure from a casting structure, hot processing is relatively easy to roll, in order to meet the final material performance, forging is carried out in three directions, then rolling with low power and multiple passes is carried out finally in hot rolling, the three-way performance is ensured, and finally, through aging treatment, the three-way performance of the produced magnesium alloy is beyond the requirement of aerospace materials, so that the magnesium alloy can be well applied to the aerospace military industry.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps:
(1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard at the heating temperature of 420-430 ℃ for 13-16 hours, forging in the three directions of length, width and height, and obtaining a forged plate at the finish forging temperature of not less than 350 ℃; preferably, the forging ratio of 10-20 is adopted in all three directions of length, width and height. The optional ZK61M round ingot size is 500mm with the diameter phi of 300-;
(2) hot rolling: heating the forging plate obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 400-420 ℃ for 6-9h, then performing turning rolling to obtain a rolling plate A, and then performing small-machining-rate multi-pass rolling at the temperature of 345-355 ℃ to finally obtain a hot rolling plate with the total heating power of 26-27%; one specific optional operation step is as follows: firstly longitudinally rolling 150-155mm thick forged plates into 137-141mm thick plates, then turning and transversely rolling into 126-130mm thick plates, turning and longitudinally rolling into 119-123mm thick plates, and finally turning and transversely rolling into 114-116mm thick rolled plates A, wherein the processing rate of the rolled plates A is 22-23%; then rolling (i.e. pulling the plate) with small machining rate and multiple passes, wherein the number of passes in the small machining rate and multiple passes is 6-8, and the plate is rolled into a rolled plate with the thickness of 109-112 mm;
(3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment at 180 ℃ for 22-26h on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace.
The invention has higher index requirements on the three-dimensional mechanical properties of the plate, the performance required by the index cannot be achieved by a single rolling or forging processing mode, the flat ingot of ZK61M is difficult to produce, the ingot is difficult to be hot rolled, but the internal structure of the forged blank is changed from a casting structure into a processing structure, the hot working is relatively easy to roll, and in order to meet the final material performance, the forging is carried out in three directions, and the plate slipping is finally carried out during the hot rolling, so the invention adopts the combined processing mode of the forging and the hot rolling and is matched with necessary aging heat treatment to achieve the material performance required by aerospace.
Example 2
The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps:
(1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard, wherein the size of the round ingot is phi 450mm, the length of the round ingot is 700mm, the heating temperature is 420 ℃, the heating time is 16 hours, the round ingot with the length of 700mm is firstly forged to 400mm during forging, then the round ingot is forged to be rectangular, then the forging ratio of 15 is adopted in the three directions of length, width and height, the finish forging temperature is 350 ℃, and finally the forging plate with the thickness of 150mm is forged; the mechanical properties at room temperature are shown in Table 2 (three test data) on 150mm thick plates.
As can be seen from Table 2, the three-dimensional properties of the forged magnesium alloy, including tensile strength and specified non-proportional strength, do not meet the requirements of technical indexes of users, and the three-dimensional properties are not uniform, and the three-dimensional elongation does not meet the requirements of aerospace users. Therefore, the magnesium alloy large plate produced by one-time forging can not meet the requirements of aerospace users.
(2) Hot rolling: heating the forged plate obtained in the step (1) at 400 ℃ for 8h, then performing turning rolling, longitudinally rolling the forged plate with the thickness of 150mm into a plate with the thickness of 139mm, then turning and transversely rolling the forged plate into a plate with the thickness of 128mm, then turning and longitudinally rolling the plate into a plate with the thickness of 121mm, finally turning and transversely rolling the plate into a rolled plate A with the thickness of 115mm, wherein the processing rate of the rolled plate A is 23%, then performing 6-pass rolling with a small processing rate, and rolling the plate into a forged plate with the thickness of 110mm, wherein the total power is 26%.
In the experimental process, a rolling comparison test with small working rate and multiple passes is carried out at the finishing temperature of 360 ℃ and 370 ℃, other steps are the same, and samples are taken from 110mm plates rolled at different temperatures; the room temperature mechanical properties are shown in Table 3 (three test data).
As can be seen from Table 3, the rolling performance of the ZK61M plate with the rolling thickness of 110mm is better than that of 360 ℃ and 370 ℃ in a rolling mill with small working rate and multiple passes at 350 ℃, the reasonable forging and rolling modes are determined by carrying out forging and rolling tests in three directions of length, width and height through the change of the process flow, the technological parameters of forging and rolling are optimized, and the qualified product meeting the performance requirements of customers is produced. But the magnesium plate is subjected to aging heat treatment for effectively eliminating the internal stress of the magnesium plate.
(3) Aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) at 180 ℃ for 24h to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace.
In the experimental process, an aging heat treatment comparison test with the aging heat treatment temperature of 190 ℃ is also adopted, other steps are the same, samples are taken from hot rolled plates obtained at different temperatures, and the room-temperature mechanical properties are shown in table 4 (two test data).
As can be seen from Table 4, the ZK61M plate after 180 ℃ aging heat treatment slightly improves the tensile strength of the product, and the performance of the produced ZK61M plate meets the requirements of aerospace magnesium alloy materials.
Example 3
The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps:
(1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard, wherein the size of the round ingot is that the diameter is phi 300mm, the length is 650mm, the heating temperature is 420 ℃, the heating time is 14 hours, the round ingot with the length of 650mm is firstly forged to 300mm during forging, then the round ingot is forged to be rectangular, then the forging ratio of 11 is adopted in the three directions of length, width and height, the finish forging temperature is 350 ℃, and finally the forging plate with the thickness of 150mm is forged;
(2) hot rolling: heating the forged plate obtained in the step (1) at 400 ℃ for 7h, then performing turning rolling, longitudinally rolling the forged plate with the thickness of 150mm into a plate with the thickness of 138mm, then turning and transversely rolling the forged plate into a plate with the thickness of 127mm, then turning and longitudinally rolling the plate into a plate with the thickness of 120mm, finally turning and transversely rolling the plate into a rolled plate A with the thickness of 115mm, wherein the processing rate of the rolled plate A is 23%, then performing 8-pass rolling with a small processing rate, and rolling the plate into a forged plate with the thickness of 110mm, wherein the total power is 26%;
(3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) at 180 ℃ for 23h to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace, wherein the properties are shown in Table 5, and the requirement of aerospace users is met.
Example 4
The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is prepared by the following steps:
(1) forging: heating and forging a ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard, wherein the size of the round ingot is phi 350mm, the length is 680mm, the heating temperature is 420 ℃, the heating time is 15 hours, the round ingot with the length of 680mm is firstly forged to 320mm during forging, then the round ingot is forged to be rectangular, then the forging ratio of 12 is adopted in the three directions of length, width and height, the finish forging temperature is 350 ℃, and finally the forged plate with the thickness of 150mm is forged;
(2) hot rolling: heating the forged plate obtained in the step (1) at 400 ℃ for 7h, then performing turning rolling, longitudinally rolling the forged plate with the thickness of 150mm into a plate with the thickness of 138mm, then turning and transversely rolling the forged plate into a plate with the thickness of 127mm, then turning and longitudinally rolling the forged plate into a plate with the thickness of 120mm, finally turning and transversely rolling the forged plate into a rolled plate A with the thickness of 116mm, wherein the processing rate of the rolled plate A is 22.6%, then performing 7-pass rolling with a small processing rate, and rolling the rolled plate into a forged plate with the thickness of 109mm, wherein the total power is 27%;
(3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) at 182 ℃ for 23h to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace, wherein the performance of the magnesium alloy is shown in Table 6, and the magnesium alloy meets the requirements of aerospace users.
Claims (3)
1. The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace is characterized by being prepared by the following steps: (1) forging: heating and forging the ZK61M round ingot meeting the YS/T627-2013 deformed magnesium and magnesium alloy round ingot standard at the heating temperature of 420-430 ℃ for 13-16 hours, forging in the length, width and height directions by adopting a forging ratio of 10-20, and obtaining a forged plate at the finish forging temperature of not less than 350 ℃; (2) hot rolling: heating the forging plate obtained in the step (1) at the temperature of 400-420 ℃ for 6-9h, then carrying out turning rolling to obtain a rolled plate A with the working ratio of 22-23%, and then carrying out small-working-ratio multi-pass rolling at the temperature of 345-355 ℃ to finally obtain a hot rolled plate with the total working ratio of 26-27%; (3) aging: and (3) carrying out aging treatment at 180 ℃ for 22-26h on the hot rolled plate obtained in the step (2) to obtain the ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace.
2. The ZK61M magnesium alloy for aerospace use according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the diameter of the ZK61M round ingot is 500mm phi 300-.
3. The space flight and aviation ZK61M magnesium alloy of claim 1, wherein the step (2) turning rolling is specifically operated as: firstly longitudinally rolling 150-155mm thick forged plates into 137-141mm thick plates, then turning to transversely rolling into 126-130mm thick plates, turning to longitudinally rolling into 119-123mm thick plates, and finally turning to transversely rolling into 114-116mm thick rolled plates A, and then carrying out multi-pass rolling with small processing rate, wherein the number of passes is 6-8; is a rolled plate with the thickness of 109-112 mm.
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| CN102321836B (en) * | 2011-10-12 | 2013-01-23 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing high-strength heat-resistant magnesium alloy sheet |
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Effective date of registration: 20220701 Address after: 471000 Room 201, building 1, No. 22, Binhe Road, high tech Industrial Development Zone, Luoyang area, China (Henan) pilot Free Trade Zone, Luoyang City, Henan Province Patentee after: Luoyang MAG Magnesium Industry Co.,Ltd. Address before: Economic Development Zone, Yiyang County, Luoyang City, Henan Province Patentee before: LUOYANG HUA LING MAGNESIUM INDUSTRY CO.,LTD. |
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