CN111842488A - Process method for realizing TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on cross sheath rolling - Google Patents
Process method for realizing TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on cross sheath rolling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111842488A CN111842488A CN202010641941.9A CN202010641941A CN111842488A CN 111842488 A CN111842488 A CN 111842488A CN 202010641941 A CN202010641941 A CN 202010641941A CN 111842488 A CN111842488 A CN 111842488A
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010274 multidirectional forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plate rolling and plastic forming, discloses a process method for realizing a TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on cross sheath rolling, and aims to solve the problem of nonuniform structure of the existing TiAl alloy rolled plate by a method combining sheath rolling and cross rolling. Homogenizing or hot isostatic pressing, then sheathing, performing RD1 and RD2 reversing crossed rolling process at 1250-1270 ℃, wherein the pass deformation in RD1 direction is less than 24%, the rolling speed is less than 0.5m/s, the pass deformation in RD2 direction is less than 18%, the rolling speed is less than 1.2m/s, and the accumulated total deformation is 60-90%, and removing the sheathing to obtain the TiAl alloy plate. Compared with the traditional rolling method, the TiAl alloy plate subjected to cross rolling has the advantages that the internal lamellar structure is fully crushed and recrystallized, the structure anisotropy is reduced or weakened, and the structure uniformity is improved; meanwhile, cast TiAl alloy is directly sheathed and crossed to roll to realize a low-cost TiAl alloy wide plate, the process flow is shortened, and the industrial application of the TiAl alloy rolled plate is promoted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plate rolling and plastic forming, and particularly relates to a process method for realizing a TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on cross sheath rolling.
Background
The TiAl alloy is a novel light high-temperature structural material, has low density, high specific strength, high specific modulus and excellent high-temperature creep resistance and oxidation resistance, can be used for nozzle parts, internal structural parts, protection plates and the like of high-performance engines, can be used for structures such as thermal protection plate structures, accurate guidance missile wings, rudders and the like of supersonic aircraft, and has great application prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobile engines and the like. The TiAl alloy has low room temperature plasticity, poor high temperature deformation capability, serious thermal deformation local rheology and nonuniform structure, and seriously restricts the preparation of the high-performance TiAl alloy plate. The problems in the TiAl alloy sheet preparation technology have not been solved well so far.
The preparation technology of the TiAl alloy rolled plate mainly comprises isothermal rolling and sheath rolling. The sheath rolling adopts the sheath to prevent instability phenomena such as oxidation, cracking and the like, the preparation of the metal plate which is difficult to deform can be realized on the traditional rolling mill, and the method is a low-cost and high-efficiency plate preparation method. However, TiAl alloy is easy to generate local rheology in the rolling process, the lamellar is not easy to break, the plate has huge residual lamellar structure, which causes the phenomenon of nonuniform structure, and the prior sheath rolling technology can not completely eliminate the huge residual lamellar structure and solve the problem of nonuniform structure. In recent years, magnesium, aluminum and titanium-aluminum alloys with uniform tissues and fine grains are successfully prepared by adopting a multidirectional forging technology in some scientific research institutes, but the multidirectional forging technology is not suitable for preparing TiAl wide thin plates due to high deformation resistance of the TiAl alloys and has high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and solve the problems of difficult preparation and uneven structure of a high-quality TiAl-based alloy plate, the invention improves the conventional sleeve rolling and multidirectional forging technology, and aims to break the huge lamellar structure in the plate and reduce the anisotropy of the plate structure by a process method combining sleeve covering and multidirectional cross rolling, so that the uniformity of the structure is improved, and the high-quality wide-width TiAl alloy plate with uniform fine-grain structure and low cost is obtained.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross sheath rolling comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a blank: adopting TiAl alloy ingot casting as a raw material, and then carrying out homogenization treatment or hot isostatic pressing process on the ingot casting; performing wire cut electrical discharge machining and mechanical polishing treatment to obtain a plate-shaped alloy blank;
step 2, pre-treatment of sheathing and rolling: the sheathing material can be a metal material with larger high-temperature deformation resistance, and is well sheathed with the plate-shaped alloy blank obtained in the step 1 by processing and welding to obtain a sheathing plate blank; meanwhile, in order to reduce the deformation resistance in the rolling process, preheating the sheathed plate blank and the roller, heating the sheathed plate blank to 1250-1270 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving the heat for 30-60 min, preheating the roller to 200-300 ℃, and starting to roll;
Step 3, high-temperature cross rolling: the rolling temperature is 1250-1270 ℃, the rolling speed is not more than 1.2m/s, and the strain rate of each pass is 1.0-3.0 s-1(ii) a Firstly, rolling for 1-3 times along the length direction of the sheathed plate blank as the rolling direction RD1, wherein the deformation of each time is<24% rolling speed<0.5m/s, the rolled plate reaches the target length; and horizontally rotating the sheathed plate blank by 90 degrees, taking the sheathed plate blank as a rolling direction RD2 along the direction vertical to the length direction, and rolling for 1-5 times, wherein the deformation of each time is<18% rolling speed<1.2m/s, the accumulated total deformation is 60-90%, and the steel is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace to finish cross rolling; when the temperature is reduced to below 1100 ℃ in the cross rolling process, returning the plate blank to the furnace and heating to 1250-1270 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-6 min;
step 4, removing the sheath: and (3) removing the sheath of the rolled plate with the sheath in the step (3) by adopting a turning or grinding method, and obtaining the TiAl alloy wide plate with uniform tissue after mechanical reshaping.
Preferably, the sheathing material in the step 2 is 2520 stainless steel (0Cr25Ni20) with high deformation resistance and heat resistance; the thickness of the sheath is 30% -50% of the thickness of the plate blank, and the vacuum electron beam welding method is adopted for sealing welding. The edge sheath cracking in the cross rolling process is easily caused by low deformation resistance of the sheath material, and the wide width of the plate is easily and rapidly increased due to good ductility of the sheath material, so that the rolling process cannot be implemented.
Preferably, in the step 3, the rolling pass in the RD1 direction is 1-3 passes, the total rolling deformation amount in the RD1 direction is controlled according to the width of the required plate, the deformation amount is too large to ensure that the width of the crossed roller can be rolled, and the change of the layer thickness ratio of the sheath material and the base material is influenced, so that the stability of the sheath structure is not facilitated, and cracking and the reduction of the thermal protection effect are easily caused.
Preferably, the deformation of the RD1 direction pass in the cross rolling process of the step 3 is 18-24%, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 m/s.
Preferably, the deformation of the former two passes in the direction of RD2 in the cross rolling process of the step 3 is 10-16%, and the rolling speed is 0.6-0.8 m/s; the deformation of the third to fifth passes is less than 10 percent, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m/s. With the increase of the deformation of the sheathing plate, a method of increasing the rolling speed and reducing the deformation is required to reduce the rolling force, prevent the heat dissipation in the rolling process and maintain the stability of the sheathing structure.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a process method of a high-quality TiAl alloy plate, which reduces the possibility of plate edge crack by a method combining sheathing and cross rolling, simultaneously, huge residual lamellar tissues in the TiAl alloy plate are fully crushed and recrystallized under the action of bidirectional rolling and shearing force, grains are finer, the anisotropy of the tissues is reduced or weakened, and the uniformity and the isometric property of the plate tissues are improved.
2. The invention can be directly processed and formed in an as-cast state, shortens the process flow, has low equipment requirement, can directly obtain the TiAl alloy wide thin plate with high quality and low cost, improves the yield of the TiAl plate and promotes the industrial application of the TiAl alloy rolled plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic of the process flow of the present invention.
FIG. 2(a) is a microstructure picture of a TiAl alloy sheet manufactured in example 1 according to the present invention, and (b) is a microstructure picture of a TiAl alloy sheet manufactured by a uniaxial rolling process.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, without however limiting the scope of the invention thereto.
Example 1:
in the embodiment of the invention, a process method for realizing a TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure by cross sheath rolling,
the forming process is shown in figure 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
the material of this example is a TiAl alloy with a nominal composition of Ti-44Al-5Nb- (Mo, V, B), and the alpha/beta transformation temperature of the alloy is measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) to be around 1160 ℃.
Step 1, preparing a blank: the method comprises the following steps of remelting a TiAl alloy ingot obtained by a vacuum consumable arc melting method for 3 times by using an original material, and then carrying out homogenization treatment on the ingot, wherein the homogenization treatment process comprises the following steps: the temperature is 1250-1270 ℃, the time is 4-6 h, and the furnace is cooled; the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining a plate-shaped alloy blank with surface roughness Ra6 after wire cut electrical discharge machining and mechanical polishing treatment, wherein the thickness of the plate blank is 10 mm;
Step 2, pre-treatment of sheathing and rolling: performing sheath treatment on the TiAl alloy plate blank, wherein the sheath material is made of heat-resistant stainless steel with larger deformation resistance, so that the problem that the plate is cracked or cannot be rolled due to too wide width of the sheath plate is solved, the sheath thickness is 3mm, and the sheath plate blank is obtained by sealing and welding by adopting a vacuum electron beam welding method; cleaning the plate blank and the surface of the sheath before sheath; in order to reduce the deformation resistance in the rolling process, preheating the sheathed blank and a roller, heating the sheathed blank to 1250-1270 ℃ along with a furnace, and preserving the heat for 30-40 min; preheating the roller to 200 ℃, and starting rolling;
step 3, cross rolling: the rolling temperature is 1250-1270 ℃; firstly, rolling 3 times along the length direction (as the rolling direction RD1) of the sheathed plate blank, wherein the deformation of each time is 20-22%, in order to prevent the cast plate blank from cracking, a slower rolling speed is selected to be 0.3-0.5 m/s, the accumulated deformation is about 72%, and the length of the rolled plate is 400 mm; then horizontally rotating the sheathed plate blank by 90 degrees, rolling for 3 times along the direction vertical to the length direction (as the rolling direction RD2), wherein the deformation of the first two times is 10-12 percent, and the rolling speed is 0.6-0.8 m/s; the third secondary deformation is 8-10%, the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m/s to prevent the cracking problem caused by too fast heat dissipation, the accumulated deformation is about 40%, and the cross rolling is completed after the furnace cooling to the room temperature; when the temperature is reduced to below 1100 ℃ in the rolling process, the plate blank needs to be returned to the furnace and heated to 1250-1270 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 4-6 min;
Step 4, removing the sheath: and (4) removing the sheath of the rolled plate with the sheath in the step (3) by adopting a turning or grinding method to obtain the TiAl alloy wide plate with uniform structure.
Compared with the plate structure (shown in figure 2b) obtained by the unidirectional rolling process, the volume fraction and the size of the lamellar group of the TiAl alloy plate (shown in figure 2a) prepared by the embodiment are obviously reduced compared with the conventional rolling process, a certain recrystallization structure appears, the structure is more uniform, crystal grains are finer, the surface flatness is good, and the crack defect is avoided.
The embodiment can be directly processed and formed in an as-cast state, shortens the process flow, has low equipment requirement, and can obtain the TiAl alloy wide plate with high quality, low cost and the size of 400mm multiplied by 240mm multiplied by 2mm (length multiplied by width multiplied by thickness).
Example 2:
the difference from example 1 is: in the step 3 of the embodiment, 2 passes of rolling are carried out along the direction RD1, the pass deformation is 22% -24%, and the rolling speed is 0.3 m/s-0.5 m/s; rolling for 4-5 times along the direction RD2, wherein the deformation of the first two times is 12% -14%, and the rolling speed is 0.6-0.8 m/s; the deformation of the third to fifth passes is 6 to 8 percent, and the rolling speed is 0.8 to 1.2 m/s. The other processing steps and process parameters were the same as in example 1. Compared with the conventional rolling, the TiAl alloy wide plate prepared by the embodiment has the advantages that the volume fraction of huge lamellar groups is also obviously reduced, the structure is more uniform, the crystal grains are finer, and the defect of cracks is avoided.
Example 3:
the difference from example 1 is: in the embodiment, 1 pass of rolling is carried out in the direction of RD1 in the step 3, and the pass deformation is 22-24%; rolling for 2-3 times along RD2, wherein the pass deformation is 10%, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m/s. The other processing steps and process parameters were the same as in example 1. The TiAl alloy wide plate prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of reduced volume fraction of the plate assembly, uniform structure, good surface flatness and no crack defect.
Claims (5)
1. The process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross sheath rolling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, preparing a blank: adopting TiAl alloy ingot casting as a raw material, and then carrying out homogenization treatment or hot isostatic pressing process on the ingot casting; performing wire cut electrical discharge machining and mechanical polishing treatment to obtain a plate-shaped alloy blank;
step 2, pre-treatment of sheathing and rolling: the sheathing material is a metal material, and is processed with the plate-shaped alloy blank obtained in the step 1 to obtain a sheathing plate blank; preheating the sheathed plate blank and the roller, heating the sheathed plate blank to 1250-1270 ℃ along with a furnace, preserving heat for 30-60 min, preheating the roller to 200-300 ℃, and starting rolling;
Step 3, high-temperature cross rolling: the rolling temperature is 1250-1270 ℃, the rolling speed is not more than 1.2m/s, and the strain rate of each pass is 1.0-3.0 s-1(ii) a Firstly, rolling for 1-3 times along the length direction of the sheathed plate blank as the rolling direction RD1, wherein the deformation of each time is<24% rolling speed<0.5m/s, the rolled plate reaches the target length; then horizontally rotating the wrapped plate blank by 90 degrees and rolling the wrapped plate blank by 1 to hot in the direction perpendicular to the length direction as the rolling direction RD25 passes, each pass has the deformation of<18% rolling speed<1.2m/s, the accumulated total deformation is 60-90%, and the steel is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace to finish cross rolling; when the temperature is reduced to below 1100 ℃ in the cross rolling process, returning the plate blank to the furnace and heating to 1250-1270 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-6 min;
step 4, removing the sheath: and (3) removing the sheath of the rolled plate with the sheath in the step (3) by adopting a turning or grinding method, and obtaining the TiAl alloy wide plate with uniform tissue after mechanical reshaping.
2. The process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross-jacket rolling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the jacket material in the step 2 is heat-resistant 2520 stainless steel; the thickness of the sheath is 30% -50% of the thickness of the plate blank, and the vacuum electron beam welding method is adopted for sealing welding.
3. The process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross-sheath rolling according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation of the RD1 direction pass in the step 3 cross rolling process is 18-24%, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 m/s.
4. The process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross-sheath rolling according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deformation of the previous two passes in the direction of RD2 in the step 3 is 10-16%, and the rolling speed is 0.6-0.8 m/s; the deformation of the third to fifth passes is less than 10 percent, and the rolling speed is controlled to be 0.8-1.0 m/s.
5. The process method for realizing the TiAl alloy uniform fine grain structure based on the cross-sheath rolling according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the blank preparation in the step 1: the method comprises the following steps of remelting a TiAl alloy ingot obtained by a vacuum consumable arc melting method for 3 times by using an original material, and then carrying out homogenization treatment on the ingot, wherein the homogenization treatment process comprises the following steps: the temperature is 1250-1270 ℃, the time is 4-6 h, and the furnace is cooled; the alloy blank with the surface roughness Ra6 is obtained after wire cut electrical discharge machining and mechanical grinding treatment, and the thickness of the plate blank is 10 mm.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN112916644A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preparing TiAl alloy plate by sheath pack rolling |
| CN113857871A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 | Production method for eliminating ingot casting cracks of 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate |
| CN113953322A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Differential temperature cross rolling process for improving high-anisotropy high-strength magnesium alloy plate |
| CN114150242A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | Method for inhibiting coarsening of light high-strength TiAl alloy lamella |
| CN114850215A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 燕山大学 | TiAl alloy plate rolling method and device |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112916644A (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2021-06-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Method for preparing TiAl alloy plate by sheath pack rolling |
| CN113857871A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-12-31 | 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 | Production method for eliminating ingot casting cracks of 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate |
| CN113857871B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-05-28 | 广西柳州银海铝业股份有限公司 | Production method for eliminating ingot cracks of 4XXX aluminum alloy wide hot rolled plate |
| CN113953322A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-21 | 西安交通大学 | Differential temperature cross rolling process for improving high-anisotropy high-strength magnesium alloy plate |
| CN113953322B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-08-15 | 西安交通大学 | Differential temperature cross rolling process for improving high-anisotropy high-strength magnesium alloy plate |
| CN114150242A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-08 | 南京理工大学 | Method for inhibiting coarsening of light high-strength TiAl alloy lamella |
| CN114150242B (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2023-07-18 | 南京理工大学 | Method for inhibiting coarsening of light high-strength TiAl alloy sheet |
| CN114850215A (en) * | 2022-04-27 | 2022-08-05 | 燕山大学 | TiAl alloy plate rolling method and device |
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