CN112841430A - Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112841430A CN112841430A CN202110174138.3A CN202110174138A CN112841430A CN 112841430 A CN112841430 A CN 112841430A CN 202110174138 A CN202110174138 A CN 202110174138A CN 112841430 A CN112841430 A CN 112841430A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- less
- silage
- parts
- stylosanthes guianensis
- equal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000412329 Stylosanthes hispida Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000004461 grass silage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004460 silage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 244000042843 Chenopodium glaucum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000015449 Chenopodium glaucum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 244000228293 Persicaria perfoliata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 240000004534 Scutellaria baicalensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000017089 Scutellaria baicalensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 240000000275 Persicaria hydropiper Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000017337 Persicaria hydropiper Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical group OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002115 aflatoxin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N aflatoxin B1 Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2C=CO[C@@H]2OC=1C=C(C1=2)OC)C=2OC(=O)C2=C1CCC2=O OQIQSTLJSLGHID-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930020125 aflatoxin-B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N deoxynivalenol Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C=C(C([C@@H](O)[C@@]13CO)=O)C)C)O2 LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003008 fumonisin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Zearalenon Natural products O=C1OC(C)CCCC(=O)CCCC=CC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vomitoxin hydrate Natural products OCC12C(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC1OC1C(O)CC2(C)C11CO1 LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N zearalenone Chemical compound O=C1O[C@@H](C)CCCC(=O)CCC\C=C\C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004348 Perilla frutescens Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 24
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940126680 traditional chinese medicines Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 241000083547 Columella Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010011224 Cough Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 208000002193 Pain Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 244000292697 Polygonum aviculare Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006386 Polygonum aviculare Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000282849 Ruminantia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004767 rumen Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 2
- OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-phenylquinoline Chemical compound C=12C=CC=CC2=NC(Cl)=CC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 OBMBUODDCOAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010060954 Abdominal Hernia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004998 Abdominal Pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000012440 Acetylcholinesterase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010022752 Acetylcholinesterase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FXNFHKRTJBSTCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Baicalein Natural products C=1C(=O)C=2C(O)=C(O)C(O)=CC=2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 FXNFHKRTJBSTCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000006122 Chenopodium album Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009344 Chenopodium album Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010017553 Furuncle Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000223221 Fusarium oxysporum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000245654 Gladiolus Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000006587 Glutathione peroxidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700016172 Glutathione peroxidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000006877 Insect Bites and Stings Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malondialdehyde Chemical compound O=CCC=O WSMYVTOQOOLQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100024295 Maltase-glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- IPQKDIRUZHOIOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oroxin A Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 IPQKDIRUZHOIOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000219050 Polygonaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000205407 Polygonum Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004880 Polyuria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000004078 Snake Bites Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000019197 Superoxide Dismutase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010012715 Superoxide dismutase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N Thermopsosid Natural products O(C)c1c(O)ccc(C=2Oc3c(c(O)cc(O[C@H]4[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](CO)O4)c3)C(=O)C=2)c1 GAMYVSCDDLXAQW-AOIWZFSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010047642 Vitiligo Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940022698 acetylcholinesterase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010028144 alpha-Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000507 anthelmentic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UDFLTIRFTXWNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N baicalein Chemical compound O1C2=CC(=O)C(O)=C(O)C2=C(O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UDFLTIRFTXWNJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940015301 baicalein Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IKIIZLYTISPENI-ZFORQUDYSA-N baicalin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(O)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 IKIIZLYTISPENI-ZFORQUDYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003321 baicalin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AQHDANHUMGXSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N baicalin Natural products OC1C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(C(=C1O)O)=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O2 AQHDANHUMGXSJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000081 body of the sternum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000748 cardiovascular system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035619 diuresis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930003944 flavone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002212 flavone derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011949 flavones Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- -1 flavonoid compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940027941 immunoglobulin g Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940118019 malondialdehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930000223 plant secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019614 sour taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vitamin p Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHBFFQKBGNRLFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/15—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging
- A23K30/18—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder using chemicals or microorganisms for ensilaging using microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/53—Lamiaceae or Labiatae (Mint family), e.g. thyme, rosemary or lavender
- A61K36/539—Scutellaria (skullcap)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
- A61K36/704—Polygonum, e.g. knotweed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/10—Antimycotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P39/00—General protective or antinoxious agents
- A61P39/06—Free radical scavengers or antioxidants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Communicable Diseases (AREA)
- Oncology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the grass silage comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10); the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis. Compared with the prior art, the feed takes the stylosanthes guianensis as a main raw material, is supplemented with a small amount of rice hull powder, corn bran, probiotics, Chinese herbal medicines and chenopodium glaucum linn extract, and by adding the components such as the scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper, the polygonum perfoliatum, the chenopodium glaucum linn extract and the chenopodium glaucum linn extract into the feed, the production performance, the immunity and the oxidation resistance of beef cattle can be improved, the nutritional value and the palatability of the feed can be improved, and the utilization rate of the stylosan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of beef cattle feed, and relates to antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the past, the breeding industry relies on antibiotics to promote the growth of livestock and poultry and treat diseases, so that drug-resistant strains are generated, and the residue of antibiotics in livestock products also threatens the health of human beings to a certain extent. With the continuous development of the trend of prohibiting resistance at the feed end, researchers become the center of gravity of work for research on alternative resistance products, and research on various non-resistant feeds becomes a research hotspot.
Stylosanthes guianensis is mainly distributed in tropical zone and subtropical zone in China, and is a leguminous forage. The stylosanthes guianensis has high dry matter and crude protein content, is mainly applied to the breeding production of ruminants, and particularly can relieve the problem of forage grass shortage in winter and spring. However, during the process of ensiling, the nutrient substances of the stylosanthes guianensis are decomposed into non-protein nitrogen such as free amino acid, ammonia nitrogen, amine and the like by protease and microbial enzyme, which is not beneficial to the feeding of ruminants and reduces the nutritional value of the pasture.
Therefore, the research and development of the stylosanthes guianensis silage which has no resistance, high nutritional value and can improve the growth performance of livestock and poultry is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis of beef cattle and a preparation method and application thereof, and the feed value of the stylosanthes guianensis is improved.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract;
the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10);
the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
Further, the water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 50-60 wt%. And (3) cutting the stylosanthes guianensis in the bud pregnancy period, airing until the water content is 50-60%, and not polluting pesticide, weeds, soil, impurities and rotten stems and leaves. 298.50g/kg FW dry matter, 13.88g/kg DM crude protein, 555.23g/kg DM neutral detergent fiber, 456.20g/kg DM acid detergent fiber, 198.20g/kg TN non-protein nitrogen, 1.95g/kg TN ammonia nitrogen, 50.73g/kg TN free amino acid, and 134.97g/kg TN peptide nitrogen.
Furthermore, the probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and yeast, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the yeast is (1.8-2.2): (0.8-1.2): 1.
Furthermore, the viable bacteria content of the lactobacillus and the aspergillus niger is more than or equal to 4 multiplied by 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the microzyme and the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
Preferably, the probiotics are commercially available probiotics produced by Shandong Baoli biological engineering Co., Ltd, and have no toxicity and corrosive substances.
Further, the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or calcium propionate.
Further, if the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% -0.5% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis; if the protein degradation inhibitor is calcium propionate, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis.
Furthermore, in the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the moulds is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 104CFU/g. The rice hull powder is light yellow powder, has consistent color, has little rice hull smell, no other unpleasant smell, no mildew, fumigating smell, no medicinal smell, no fermentation, no mildew, no live insect, and fineness of 20 mesh sieve.
Furthermore, in the corn bran, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg. The corn bran is fluffy light yellow powder sheet-shaped material, has natural flavor of grains, and has no rancidity, mildew and other peculiar smell.
The preparation method of the antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle is characterized in that the grass silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process.
The beef cattle feed is based on the antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage, the beef cattle feed comprises the beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage and a beef cattle basic feed, and the beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage accounts for 25-35% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed.
According to the invention, the Chinese herbal medicines can effectively improve the disease resistance of animals, improve the immunity and oxidation resistance of animal organisms, improve the digestion and absorption capacity of the animals on nutrient substances in the feed, and further improve the production performance of the animals. Wherein, the baicalein has stronger functions of resisting microorganism, inflammation, oxidation and tumor, protecting cardiovascular system and the like, and has obvious inhibiting effect on escherichia coli, fusarium oxysporum, candida albicans and the like. Perfoliate knotweed, also known as snake retrograde, red plowshare and red knotweed, has slightly cold nature and sour taste, enters lung and bladder channels, has pharmacological effects of resisting inflammation, resisting virus, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, protecting liver, resisting tumor, resisting oxidation, inhibiting alpha-glucosidase activity, inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity and the like, and is commonly used for treating diarrhea, furuncle, swelling and pain, snake and insect bite and other symptoms. Herba Polygoni Hydropiperis is an annual herb plant of Polygonum of Polygonaceae, has pungent and warm taste, and has effects of dispelling pathogenic wind, promoting diuresis, removing blood stasis, relieving pain, removing toxic substance, and relieving swelling, and main ingredients of herba Polygoni Hydropiperis include flavone, volatile oil, tannin, fatty acid, triterpene, glucoside, and polygamic acid. The flavonoid compounds are important plant secondary metabolites, commonly exist in roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits of natural plants, and have pharmacological actions of bacteriostasis, oxidation resistance, tumor resistance, cardiovascular disease resistance, inflammation resistance and the like.
The Chenopodium glaucum extract has effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, removing toxic substance, and relieving swelling, and is suitable for preventing and treating livestock fever, cough, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hernia, and vitiligo. After the animals are fed, the anti-stress capability of the body can be improved, the antibacterial capability and immunity of young animals can be improved, the synthesis of protein can be regulated, and the antioxidant function can be improved.
The invention uses 4 substances of scutellaria baicalensis, gladiolus, polygonum perfoliatum and chenopodium glaucum extracts, has synergistic action in the aspects of anti-inflammation, antioxidation and antibiosis, the pharmacological action of the Chinese herbal medicines and the biological activity action of the plant extracts enhance the antibacterial, anti-inflammation and antioxidation performances of the 4 substances, and the compatible use effect of the 4 substances is better than the single use effect. The Chinese herbal medicines have the main functions of improving the disease resistance of animal bodies, the strength of the disease resistance is directly related to the antibacterial ability of animals, the disease resistance of the animals is improved, the quality of the animal bodies is enhanced, the digestion and absorption capacity of the animals on nutrient substances in the feed is further improved, and the growth of the animals is promoted; the Chenopodium glaucum extract has the functions of enhancing the immunity of animals and regulating protein synthesis, is used together with Chinese herbal medicines with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant functions, such as scutellaria baicalensis, glanglao, polygonum perfoliatum and the like, further improves the immunity and the antioxidant stress capability of the animals, improves the weight of the animals through regulating protein synthesis, and promotes the rapid growth of the animals.
The invention adopts the mode of adding Chinese herbal medicines and plant extracts in the feed formula, achieves the effect of enhancing the physique of beef cattle, and avoids using antibiotics. According to the invention, the scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper and the polygonum perfoliatum are combined according to a certain proportion, so that the physique of beef cattle can be improved, the palatability and the conversion rate of the feed can be improved, and the feeding value of the stylosanthes guianensis is improved. The stylosanthes guianensis is rich in vitamins, trace elements and cellulose, and can inhibit the degradation of stylosanthes guianensis silage protein after being added with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid or calcium propionate, so that the silage fermentation quality and the nutritional value are improved. The rice hull powder and corn bran can supplement carbohydrate and protein, and regulate the nutrition and palatability of the silage. The probiotics can regulate the flora structure in the intestinal tract and the rumen of the beef cattle, improve the health of the intestinal tract and the rumen and further improve the apparent digestibility of nutrient substances. Therefore, the stylosanthes guianensis silage can promote gastrointestinal tract health of beef cattle, improve immunity, improve oxidation resistance, enhance anti-stress capability, improve production performance, replace the effect of antibiotics in the feed, and provide a solution for antibiotic-free breeding.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:
1) according to the invention, the Stylosanthes guianensis is taken as a main raw material, a small amount of rice hull powder, corn bran, probiotics, Chinese herbal medicines and Chenopodium glaucum L.extract are added into the feed, and the components such as the Scutellaria baicalensis, the polygonum hydropiper, the polygonum perfoliatum, the Chenopodium album, the Chenopodium glaucum L.extract and the like are added into the feed, so that the production performance, the immunity and the oxidation resistance of beef cattle can be improved, the nutritional value and the palatability of the feed can be improved.
2) The stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process, can avoid the defects of some traditional silage preparation methods, and has the advantages of simple and quick preparation process, flexible silage time, adjustable silage quantity, convenience in transportation, convenience in feeding, labor saving and the like.
3) The invention can improve the resource utilization of the stylosanthes guianensis and develop unconventional feed resources.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
In the following embodiment, the stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by adopting an automatic wrapping silage process, and comprises the following specific steps:
s1, pretreatment of raw materials:
s1a, pretreatment of stylosanthes guianensis: if the stylosanthes guianensis has the water content of 50-60 wt%, directly weighing and stacking the stylosanthes guianensis, wherein the weight of the stacks depends on the container and the mixing weight of the stirrer; if the water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is higher than 60 wt%, airing or baking is needed to reduce the water content in the stylosanthes guianensis to reduce the water content to 50-60 wt%, and then weighing and stacking the stylosanthes guianensis and the stylosanthes guianensis for later use;
s1b, pretreatment of rice hull powder: weighing and stacking the rice hull powder for later use;
s1c, pretreatment of probiotics: storing in a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use;
s1d, pretreatment of corn husks: storing in a shady and dry place for later use;
s1e, pretreatment of Chinese herbal medicines: selecting fresh raw materials with water content of 55-60 wt% from Scutellariae radix, fresh or baicalin from Scutellariae radix, cutting into small segments of 1.5-2cm, and mixing with rice hull powder;
s2, diluting probiotics: dividing the corn bran weighed in the step S1d into 5 parts with unequal weight according to multistage mixing requirements, then sequentially mixing the probiotics weighed in the step S1c and the 5 parts of corn bran with unequal weight according to a sequence from less to more so as to fully mix the probiotics and the corn bran, and finally weighing and stacking the uniformly mixed probiotics and corn bran according to the weight of each pile of stylosanthes guianensis for later use;
s3, cutting stylosanthes guianensis: sending each pile of long-strip type stylosanthes guianensis into a silk kneading machine for cutting, wherein the length is 1-3 cm;
s4, chemical treatment of stylosanthes guianensis: uniformly mixing the cut stylosanthes guianensis with 0.3-0.5 wt% of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid or 0.8-1.2 wt% of calcium propionate for later use;
s5, stirring and mixing: feeding the mixture of the chemically treated stylosanthes guianensis, the rice hull powder weighed in the step S1 and the Chinese herbal medicines, the uniformly mixed probiotics, the corn husks and the chenopodium glaucum extracts into a stirrer for stirring and mixing for 10-15min to obtain a mixture;
s6, bundling: bundling the mixture by using an ensiling bundling machine, sending the mixture into the bundling machine for bundling, and when an alarm of the bundling machine rings, automatically feeding a net rope for 3s by the ensiling bundling machine for bundling to obtain ensiling round bundles;
s7, enveloping: coating the bundled ensiling round bundles by using an ensiling coating machine; determining the number of layers of the film according to the use time of silage, wherein the number of the coating layers is preferably 3-5, automatically operating a machine in the initial process of coating, automatically completing the coating process by a coating machine during the coating period to obtain a silage bag of a finished stylosanthes guianensis silage product, and storing the prepared stylosanthes guianensis silage for 1-2 years under the condition of no bag breaking;
s8, transporting and stacking the silage bags: during transportation, sharp objects are prevented from puncturing the silage envelopes to destroy anaerobic fermentation, and if the envelopes are damaged, transparent adhesive tapes are used for sealing in time. The silage bags can be stacked near a farm, preferably 1-2 silage bags are stacked, and the silage bags are not suitable for being stacked too high; can be used after ensiling for 1.5-2 months.
Example 1:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 5:8: 4; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor calcium propionate, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 50 wt%.
The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2.2:1.8:1.2: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, coarse ashLess than or equal to 16 wt%, arsenic less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, lead less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, cadmium less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and total number of moulds less than or equal to 1 × 104CFU/g。
In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.
Example 2:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: the feed comprises 970 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 9 parts of rice hull powder, 20 parts of corn bran, 1 part of probiotics, 10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 10:2: 10; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, namely ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, wherein the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 60 wt%.
The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 1.8:2.2:0.8: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 104CFU/g。
In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.
Example 3:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 950 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 12 parts of rice hull powder, 15 parts of corn bran, 1.5 parts of probiotics, 8 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 7 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 7:5: 6; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, namely ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, wherein the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.5% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 55 wt%.
The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2:2:1: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 104CFU/g。
In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.
Example 4:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 960 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 18 parts of rice hull powder, 18 parts of corn bran, 1.8 parts of probiotics, 9 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 8 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 8:4: 7; the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor calcium propionate, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
The water content of the stylosanthes guianensis is 57 wt%.
The probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and saccharomycetes, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the saccharomycetes is 2:2:1: 1. The viable bacteria content of lactobacillus and Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 × 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of yeast and bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
In the rice hull powder, the water content is less than or equal to 9 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 16 wt%, the arsenic content is less than or equal to 2.0mg/kg, the lead content is less than or equal to 10.0mg/kg, the cadmium content is less than or equal to 1.0mg/kg, and the total number of the mycete is less than or equal to 1 multiplied by 104CFU/g。
In the corn peel, the water content is less than or equal to 10.0 wt%, the crude protein is more than or equal to 7.5 wt%, the crude ash content is less than or equal to 2.0 wt%, the crude fiber is less than or equal to 16.0 wt%, the aflatoxin B1 is less than or equal to 50 mu g/kg, the zearalenone is less than or equal to 300 mu g/kg, the vomitoxin is less than or equal to 1000 mu g/kg, and the fumonisin is less than or equal to 60 mg/kg.
Comparative example 1:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 12 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 3:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics and 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is 8: 4. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 5:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum perfoliatum is 5: 4. The rest is the same as example 1.
Comparative example 6:
an antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis comprises the following components in parts by weight: 940 parts of stylosanthes guianensis, 20 parts of rice hull powder, 10 parts of corn bran, 2 parts of probiotics, 6 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 10 parts of chenopodium glaucum extract; the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis and polygonum hydropiper, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper is 5: 8. The rest is the same as example 1.
Beef cattle raising tests were performed on the stylosanthes guianensis silage prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 and the conventional silage corn stalk feed, 110 beef cattle weighing (180.00 + -15.00) kg were selected, after conventional anthelmintic raising, the beef cattle were divided into 11 groups, each group was divided into 10 groups, and the beef cattle were raised for 30 days. In the feeding process, beef cattle fed by a control group are mixed with commercial feed and silage corn straw feed, beef cattle fed by an example group and a comparative example group are mixed with columella herbacea silage prepared by the above examples or comparative examples, and the columella herbacea silage or the conventional silage corn straw feed accounts for 30% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed. After 30 days of feeding, the growth performance, immunity and oxidation resistance indexes of the beef cattle are detected, and the results are as follows:
TABLE 1 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle growth performance
As can be seen from Table 1, the growth performance indexes of the beef cattle of the example group are better than those of the comparative example group and the control group.
Compared with the example 1, the feed intake of the comparative example 1 without the Chinese herbal medicine components is reduced, which shows that the palatability of the stylosanthes guianensis silage can be improved and the feed intake of beef cattle can be increased by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components; the weight ratio of beef cattle fed by the feed prepared in example 1 is low, which shows that the Chinese herbal medicine added in the invention can not only improve the palatability of the silage, but also improve the feed conversion effect.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 2 and example 1, the proportion of the Chinese herbal medicines out of the range can greatly reduce the feed intake, which indicates that the palatability is poor, and the material-weight ratio is increased, which indicates that the transformation effect is worse.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the weight of the beef cattle test powder is reduced, and the material weight ratio is increased, which shows that the chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the feed conversion effect.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the lack of any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines can cause the palatability of the feed to be reduced and the material-weight ratio to be increased.
TABLE 2 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle immunity
As can be seen from Table 2, the immunity indexes of the beef cattle in the example group are better than those of the beef cattle in the comparative example group and the beef cattle in the control group.
Wherein, compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 without adding the Chinese herbal medicine components has the reduced content of the immunoglobulin G, M, A, which shows that the immunity of beef cattle can be improved by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components.
As can be seen from the comparison between the comparative example 2 and the example 1, the ratio of the Chinese herbal medicines out of the range can reduce the content of the immunoglobulin, which indicates that the Chinese herbal medicines are in the reasonable range.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the immunoglobulin content of beef cattle is reduced, indicating that the Chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the immunity of beef cattle.
As shown by comparing comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the immunity of beef cattle is reduced if any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines is lacked.
TABLE 3 influence of Stylosanthes guianensis silage on beef cattle blood antioxidant function
As can be seen from Table 3, the beef cattle of the example group all showed better antioxidant properties than the control group and the comparative group.
Wherein, compared with the example 1, the comparative example 1 without adding the Chinese herbal medicine components has the advantages that the content of malondialdehyde is increased, and the total antioxidant capacity, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase are reduced, which shows that the antioxidant capacity of the beef cattle blood can be improved by adding the Chinese herbal medicine components.
As can be seen from comparison between comparative example 2 and example 1, the Chinese herbal medicine ratio exceeding the range can reduce the oxidation resistance of beef cattle blood, which indicates that the Chinese herbal medicine is in a reasonable compatibility range.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 3 with example 1, the antioxidant capacity of each of the beef cattle is weakened, indicating that the Chenopodium glaucum plant extract can improve the antioxidant capacity of the beef cattle.
As shown by comparing comparative examples 4-6 with example 1, the lack of any one of the 3 traditional Chinese medicines can cause the oxidation resistance of beef cattle to be reduced.
The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 940-shaped pillowflower grass, 970 parts of rice hull powder, 9-20 parts of corn bran, 10-20 parts of probiotics, 6-10 parts of Chinese herbal medicines and 5-10 parts of chenopodium glaucum linn extract;
the Chinese herbal medicines comprise scutellaria baicalensis, polygonum hydropiper and polygonum perfoliatum, and the mass ratio of the scutellaria baicalensis to the polygonum hydropiper to the polygonum perfoliatum is (5-10) to (2-8) to (4-10);
the stylosanthes guianensis silage also comprises a protein degradation inhibitor, and the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3-1.2% of that of the stylosanthes guianensis.
2. The antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content of stylosanthes guianensis is 50-60 wt%.
3. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle according to claim 1, wherein the probiotics comprise lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger and yeast, and the mass ratio of the lactic acid bacteria, the bacillus subtilis, the aspergillus niger and the yeast is (1.8-2.2): (1.8-2.2): (0.8-1.2): 1.
4. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beef cattle according to claim 3, wherein the viable bacteria content of the lactic acid bacteria and the Aspergillus niger is not less than 4 x 109CFU/g, the viable bacteria content of the microzyme and the bacillus subtilis is more than or equal to 5 multiplied by 109CFU/g。
5. The antibiotic-free grass silage of stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or calcium propionate.
6. The antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 5, wherein if the protein degradation inhibitor is ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.3% -0.5% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis; if the protein degradation inhibitor is calcium propionate, the mass of the protein degradation inhibitor is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of the stylosanthes guianensis.
7. According toThe antibiotic-free grass silage for stylosanthes guianensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rice hull powder contains less than 9 wt% of water, less than 16 wt% of coarse ash, less than 2.0mg/kg of arsenic, less than 10.0mg/kg of lead, less than 1.0mg/kg of cadmium, less than 1 x 10 of total moulds4CFU/g。
8. The antibiotic-free grass silage for beefsteak flowers, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn husks contain less than or equal to 10.0 wt% of water, less than or equal to 7.5 wt% of crude protein, less than or equal to 2.0 wt% of crude ash, less than or equal to 16.0 wt% of crude fiber, less than or equal to 50 μ g/kg of aflatoxin B1, less than or equal to 300 μ g/kg of zearalenone, less than or equal to 1000 μ g/kg of vomitoxin, and less than or equal to 60mg/kg of fumonisin.
9. A method of preparing antibiotic-free stylosanthes guianensis silage of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the stylosanthes guianensis silage is prepared by an automatic wrapping silage process.
10. Beef cattle feed based on antibiotic-free beef cattle stylosanthes guianensis silage as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the beef cattle feed comprises the stylosanthes guianensis silage and a beef cattle base feed, and the stylosanthes guianensis silage accounts for 25-35% of the total mass of the beef cattle feed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110174138.3A CN112841430A (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110174138.3A CN112841430A (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112841430A true CN112841430A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
Family
ID=75989383
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110174138.3A Pending CN112841430A (en) | 2021-02-09 | 2021-02-09 | Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112841430A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114698733A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | Flavone extract of fagopyrum fulvestrant leaves and application of flavone extract in preparation of stylosanthes guianensis silage |
| CN115521886A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-27 | 青岛农业大学 | Feed fermentation preparation fermented by moxa slag and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101965906A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-02-09 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Preparation method of stylosanthes guianensis biological feed |
| CN104068293A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-01 | 甘肃民祥牧草有限公司 | Alfalfa bundling and wrapping ensiling method |
| CN111374228A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-07 | 广西四野牧业有限公司 | Beef cattle feed and processing method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-02-09 CN CN202110174138.3A patent/CN112841430A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101965906A (en) * | 2010-09-15 | 2011-02-09 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Preparation method of stylosanthes guianensis biological feed |
| CN104068293A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-01 | 甘肃民祥牧草有限公司 | Alfalfa bundling and wrapping ensiling method |
| CN111374228A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-07-07 | 广西四野牧业有限公司 | Beef cattle feed and processing method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 王坚等: "添加剂对柱花草青贮过程中蛋白降解及营养成分影响" * |
| 谢明欣等: "灰绿藜的营养成分及其作用的研究进展" * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114698733A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-05 | 华南农业大学 | Flavone extract of fagopyrum fulvestrant leaves and application of flavone extract in preparation of stylosanthes guianensis silage |
| CN115521886A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-27 | 青岛农业大学 | Feed fermentation preparation fermented by moxa slag and preparation method and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| IE45611B1 (en) | Feedstuff or feedstuff additive and process for its producion | |
| CN109601699A (en) | A kind of functional microbial fermented feed and production method and application | |
| Ondiek et al. | Use of Leucaena leucocephala and Gliricidia sepium as nitrogen sources in supplementary concentrates for dairy goats offered Rhodes grass hay | |
| Lounglawan et al. | Silage production from cassava peel and cassava pulp as energy source in cattle diets | |
| Salem et al. | Towards better utilisation of non-conventional feed sources by sheep and goats in some African and Asian countries | |
| CN112841430A (en) | Antibiotic-free grass silage containing stylosanthes guianensis and preparation method and application thereof | |
| Sadq et al. | Growth performance and digestibility in Karadi lambs receiving different levels of pomegranate peels | |
| KR100876521B1 (en) | A probiotics for fermenting mixed rations and a method for fermenting the mixed rations using the probiotics | |
| Hadjipanayiotou | Laboratory evaluation of ensiled olive cake, tomato pulp and poultry litter | |
| CN106962691A (en) | A kind of grass carp mixed feed and its cultural method | |
| Oluokun | Intake, digestion and nitrogen balance of diets blended with urea treated and untreated cowpea husk by growing rabbit | |
| Muhammad et al. | Nutrient intake and digestibility of Uda rams fed graded levels of Parkia biglobosa (African locust bean) yellow fruit pulp | |
| CN104509681A (en) | Biological feed mainly composed of sugarcane tail leaf and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111084277A (en) | Straw fermented feed and preparation method thereof | |
| CN110012973A (en) | A kind of Jiang Miao Silaging method and its application | |
| CN108669295A (en) | A kind of corn feed | |
| CN104171318A (en) | Biological feed with sugarcane tail leaves as main raw material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108041292A (en) | A kind of fresh mulberry ensilage of sheep known for its fine thick wool dedicated bagging functional form and preparation method thereof | |
| Thakuria et al. | Edible spineless cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica): A promising alternative forage source for livestock | |
| CN111480743A (en) | Sweet potato vine silage for antibiotic-free ecological pig raising and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111000045A (en) | Biomass-based feed nutritional additive and preparation method and application thereof | |
| Summers et al. | Cellulolytic interrelationships of carbohydrates, fat and trace minerals in sheep rations | |
| CN110384182A (en) | A kind of pure natural animal phagostimulant with antibacterial functions | |
| Addah et al. | Manual on conservation and utilization of crop residues as livestock feed | |
| Moon et al. | Improvement of the Quality of Ojeoksan (Herbal Medicine) Meal Silage by Molasses Supplementation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210528 |