CN112840851A

CN112840851A - Air-blowing type wolfberry picking device

Info

Publication number: CN112840851A
Application number: CN201911181840.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Northwest A&F University
Current assignee: Northwest A&F University
Priority date: 2019-11-27
Filing date: 2019-11-27
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The invention discloses an air-blowing type wolfberry picking device which comprises a support, a motor protection cover, a fan protection cover left side, a fan protection cover right side, a fan outlet, a fan volute, a fan extension arm right side, a hinge right side, a connecting shaft lower side, a crank, a speed reducer, a swing rod fixing frame, a direct current motor, a fisheye connecting rod female, a fisheye connecting rod male, a swing connecting block, a hinge left side, a connecting shaft upper side, an impeller motor, a speed regulator, an impeller, a fan extension arm left side, an elastic gasket and a dust cover. The invention is applied to picking of the medlar, can effectively avoid damage to medlar branches caused by contact picking, can effectively save labor force, reduce cost and improve operation efficiency, and has simple structure and convenient operation.

Description

Air-blowing type wolfberry picking device

Technical Field

The invention relates to an air-blowing type wolfberry picking device, which is suitable for non-contact wolfberry picking in a wolfberry harvesting process and belongs to the field of agricultural machinery research.

Background

The planting range of the medlar in China is wide, but related operation machines are few in the medlar harvesting process, particularly, machines for separating the medlar from plants are almost not available by using oscillating airflow reciprocating operation in the medlar picking process, branches and fruits are greatly damaged when a mechanical contact vibration mode is applied to picking, and the working efficiency is low.

Therefore, according to the requirement of farmers on applicable machinery and economic bearing capacity in the wolfberry picking process, a practical and economic air-blowing type picking device needs to be designed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a pneumatic type wolfberry picking device which can effectively separate soft branches from wolfberry fruits, improves picking efficiency and avoids damage to the wolfberry fruits.

The invention solves the technical problem by adopting the technical scheme that the air-blowing type wolfberry picking device comprises a support 1, a motor protective cover 2, a fan protective cover left 3, a fan protective cover right 4, a fan outlet 5, a fan volute 6, a fan extending arm right 7, a hinge right 8, a connecting shaft lower 9, a crank 10, a speed reducer 11, a swing rod fixing frame 12, a direct current motor 13, a fisheye connecting rod female 14, a fisheye connecting rod male 15, a swing connecting block 16, a hinge left 17, a connecting shaft upper 18, an impeller motor 19, a speed regulator 20, an impeller 21, a fan extending arm left 22, an elastic gasket 23 and a dust cover 24.

The method is characterized in that: the swing rod system fixing frame 12 is fixedly connected with the support 1 through a bolt, the speed reducer 11 is fixedly installed on the swing rod system fixing frame 12, the direct current motor 13 is fixedly connected with the speed reducer 11, an output shaft of the direct current motor 13 is coaxially connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer 11, an output shaft of the speed reducer 11 passes through a cylindrical hole of the swing rod system fixing frame 12 and is hinged with one end of a crank 10, the other end of the crank 10 is hinged with a fisheye bearing end of a fisheye connecting rod nut 14, the other end of the fisheye connecting rod nut 14 is a threaded hole with internal threads, one end of the fisheye connecting rod nut 15 is provided with external threads and is in threaded connection with an inner hole of the fisheye connecting rod nut 14, the fisheye bearing end of the fisheye connecting rod nut 15 is hinged with a swing connecting block 16 through a connecting shaft 18, the swing connecting block 16 is provided with a cylindrical hole for the connecting shaft 18 to pass through and be, the fan volute 6 is provided with a spiral inner surface and reduces energy loss of an inner flow field of airflow, the fan volute 6 is provided with an annular outer edge, 6 positioning holes are uniformly distributed on the annular outer edge, the lower part of the fan volute 6 is provided with a rectangular outflow port, the outlet is provided with a rectangular outer edge, 12 positioning holes are uniformly formed in the rectangular outer edge and can be matched and connected with fan outlets 5 in different forms, the fan extending arm right 7 is provided with an L-shaped structure, the curvature radius of a curved surface at one end, provided with an arc edge, of the fan extending arm right 7 is completely the same as that of the fan volute 6, the fan extending arm right 7 and the fan extending arm left 22 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fan volute 6 and fixedly connected with mounting holes in the annular outer edge of the fan volute 6 through bolts, cylindrical holes are formed in the fan extending arm right 7 and the fan extending arm left 22 and are respectively connected through hinges 8, The hinge left 17 is hinged with a support rod on the support 1, the fan protection cover left 3, the fan protection cover right 4 and a positioning hole on the annular outer edge of the fan volute 6 are fixedly connected through bolts, the fan protection cover left 3 and the fan protection cover right 4 are respectively provided with an upper outer edge, a lower outer edge and a groove, the surfaces of the lower outer edges are provided with grooves, elastic gaskets 23 are arranged on the matching surfaces of the fan protection cover left 3, the fan protection cover right 4 and the fan volute 6 to prevent air flow from leaking, matching holes are arranged on the outer edges of the fan protection cover left 3 and the fan protection cover right 4, so that the fixed inner surfaces of the fan protection cover left 3 and the fan protection cover right 4 form a cylindrical flow channel, the upper outer edges of the fan protection cover left 3 and the fan protection cover right 4 are provided with positioning holes which are fixedly connected with the positioning holes on the annular outer edge of the lower part of, is convenient to be installed with the brush of the impeller motor 19 in a matching way, the side surface of the lower part of the motor protective cover 2 is provided with a rectangular through hole, used for leading out a power line and a control line of the impeller motor 19, the upper part of the motor protective cover 2 is provided with a through hole with the same size as the outer diameter of the impeller motor 19, the through hole is provided with a step structure to facilitate the installation of a dust cover 24, the impeller motor 19 is connected with the impeller 21 through bolts in a positioning way, the output shaft of the impeller motor 19 is coaxially matched with the shaft end of the impeller 21, the impeller 21 is fixedly connected with the left fan protective cover 3 and the right fan protective cover 4, the impeller 21 is positioned in a cylindrical space formed by the left fan protective cover 3, the right fan protective cover 4 and the fan volute 6, the impeller motor is positioned in a cylindrical space formed by the fan protection cover left 3, the fan protection cover right 4 and the motor protection cover 2, the speed regulator 20 is fixedly connected with a positioning hole on the annular outer edge of the fan volute 6 through a bolt.

The crank 10, the connecting shaft lower 9, the fisheye connecting rod female 14, the fisheye connecting rod male 15, the connecting shaft upper 18, the swing connecting block 16, the fan volute 6, the fan extending arm right 7, the fan extending arm left 22, the hinge right 8, the hinge left 17 and the support 1 jointly form a swing mechanism.

The swing rod is a driving mechanism consisting of a fixed frame 12, a speed reducer 11 and a direct current motor 13.

The speed regulator 20, the impeller motor 19, the impeller 21, the fan volute 6 and the fan outlet 5 jointly form an airflow regulating mechanism.

The air-flow type wolfberry picking device can change the style of the air outlet 5, so that the working characteristics, the flow velocity distribution and the flow velocity attenuation along the way of the outer flow field are changed, the wolfberry picking efficiency is optimized, and the blade falling and the fruit damage in the picking process are reduced.

Above-mentioned a device is picked to air-blowing matrimony vine, can change crank 10's length to change the swing range of air current, increase or reduce the operation scope, it is many, the cohesion is big to gather the initial stage in summer, can use little amplitude to improve the clean rate of collection, the autumn fruit is sparse, adopts big amplitude to improve the efficiency of gathering.

The air-blowing type wolfberry picking device has the beneficial effects that: the invention is applied to picking of the medlar, can effectively avoid damage to medlar branches caused by contact picking, can effectively save labor force, reduce cost and improve operation efficiency, and has simple structure and convenient operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a view of the whole machine of an air-blowing type medlar picking device.

Fig. 2 is a partial view of an air-blowing wolfberry picking device according to the invention.

Part number in fig. 2 illustrates: 1. the device comprises a bracket, 2, a motor protective cover, 3, left and right fan protective covers, 4, right and right fan protective covers, 5, a fan outlet, 6, a fan volute, 7, right fan extending arms, 8, right hinges, 9, lower connecting shafts, 10, cranks, 11, a speed reducer, 12, a swing rod fixing frame, 13, a direct current motor, 14, a fisheye connecting rod nut, 15, a fisheye connecting rod male and female, 16, swing connecting blocks, 17, left and right hinges, 18, upper connecting shafts, 19, an impeller motor, 20, a speed regulator, 21, an impeller, 22, left and right fan extending arms, 23, elastic gaskets, 24 and a dust cover.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The working mode of the swing mechanism of the air-blowing type wolfberry picking device is as follows: and turning on a power switch, adjusting the rotating speed of the motor 13 to a proper range, and driving the speed reducer 11 to rotate by the motor 13. The speed reducer 11 reduces the rotation speed output by the motor 13 and increases the torque. The reducer 11 drives the crank 10 to make a circular motion with a certain rotation speed. The crank 10 is connected with the fisheye connecting rod nut 14 through the connecting shaft lower part 9, and the fisheye connecting rod nut 14 performs plane motion under the constraint action of the end part of the crank 10. The fisheye connecting rod female 14 and the fisheye connecting rod male 15 are fixedly connected to form a connecting rod part of the four-bar mechanism, and the fisheye connecting rod male 15 performs plane motion under the fixed constraint of the fisheye connecting rod female 14. The other end of the fisheye connecting rod male 15 is connected with a connecting shaft 18, and the connecting shaft 18 can rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft relative to the fisheye connecting rod male 15. The connecting shaft 18 passes through a cylindrical hole in the swinging connecting block 16 to realize the hinge constraint of the swinging connecting block 16. The cylindrical hole of the swing connecting block 16 and one end of the fisheye connecting rod pin 15 have a common plane motion. The other end of the swing connecting block 16 is fixedly connected with the fan volute 6. The fan volute 6 is fixedly connected with the fan extending arm 7, and the fan extending arm 7 is in hinge constraint with the rack 1 through the left hinge 17 and the right hinge 8. The swing connecting block 16, the fan volute 6 and the fan extending arm 7 jointly form a swing rod of a four-rod mechanism. During the medlar picking operation, the frame 1 is fixed on the ground, and a swing rod system consisting of the swing connecting block 16, the fan volute 6 and the fan extending arm 7 swings relative to the frame 1.

An air-blowing type medlar picking device air velocity adjusting device working mode is as follows: starting an impeller motor 19, regulating the motor to rotate in a low-speed range through a speed regulator 20, driving an impeller 21 to rotate in a fan volute 6 at a determined speed by the motor 19, enabling airflow to rotate on a curved surface of the inner surface of the volute and be continuously acted by the impeller 21, and when the airflow moves to a fan outlet 5, the airflow is thrown out of the surface of a blade and flows into an external flow field along the tangential direction of the curved surface of the volute at a throwing point. Observing the movement condition of the medlar branches in the airflow field, gradually increasing the rotating speed of the motor 19 through an adjusting knob on the speed regulator 20 until the medlar in the target picking area stably falls off, and keeping the position of the adjusting knob on the speed regulator 20 unchanged to stabilize the rotating speed of the motor.

The fruit picking working mode of the air-blowing type wolfberry picking device is as follows: during working, the support 1 is placed over the Chinese wolfberry plants in a crossing manner, the fan outlet 5 is aligned to a branch to be harvested, wherein the mature Chinese wolfberry grows on the branch, and the horizontal distance between the fan outlet 5 and the branch to be harvested is adjusted within the range of 10cm to 30 cm. And laying collection cloth under the Chinese wolfberry plants to receive the falling Chinese wolfberry. Airflow flows out from the fan outlet 5 at the flow speed of 50m/s to 70m/s, and as the fan outlet 5 continuously swings along with the fan volute 6, the airflow has the speed in the horizontal direction and the speed in the vertical direction which changes along with time and position after flowing out, a turbulent flow field is formed in a picking area, and the medlar irregularly swings under the disturbed airflow until falling off. The medlar falls on the collecting cloth after falling off.

After the ripe fruits of the picked plants are picked up completely, the main power supply of the air-blowing type wolfberry picking device is closed, the fan volute 6 stops swinging, and no airflow flows out from the fan outlet 5. Remove air-blowing formula matrimony vine and pick the device, will collect the matrimony vine on the cloth and transfer to the fruit case.

Moving an air-blowing type medlar picking device to the next plant to be picked and entering the next picking cycle.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a device is picked to air-blast formula matrimony vine, including support (1), motor protection cover (2), fan protection cover left side (3), fan protection cover right side (4), fan export (5), fan spiral case (6), fan cantilever arm right side (7), hinge right side (8), connecting axle down (9), crank (10), reduction gear (11), pendulum rod system fixed frame (12), direct current motor (13), fisheye connecting rod female (14), fisheye connecting rod male (15), swing connecting block (16), hinge left side (17), connect epaxial (18), impeller motor (19), speed regulator (20), impeller (21), fan cantilever arm left side (22), elastic gasket (23), dust cover (24), its characterized in that: the swing rod fixing frame (12) is fixedly connected with the bracket 1 through a bolt, the speed reducer (11) is fixedly arranged on the swing rod fixing frame (12), and the direct current motor (13) is fixedly connected with the speed reducer (11); the crank (10), the connecting shaft lower part (9), the fisheye connecting rod female part (14), the fisheye connecting rod male part (15), the connecting shaft upper part (18), the swing connecting block (16), the fan volute (6), the fan extending arm right part (7), the fan extending arm left part (22), the hinge right part (8), the hinge left part (17) and the bracket (1) form a swing mechanism together; the swing rod is connected with the fixed frame (12), the speed reducer (11) and the direct current motor (13) to form a driving mechanism; the speed regulator (20), the impeller motor (19), the impeller (21), the fan volute (6) and the fan outlet (5) jointly form an airflow regulating mechanism.

2. An air-blowing wolfberry picking device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the style of the airflow outlet (5) can be changed, so that the working characteristics, the flow velocity distribution and the on-way attenuation characteristics of the flow velocity of the external flow field are changed, the wolfberry picking efficiency is optimized, and the blade falling and the fruit damage in the picking process are reduced.

3. An air-blowing wolfberry picking device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the length of the crank (10) can be changed, so that the swing amplitude of the air flow is changed, the operation range is enlarged or reduced, more fruits are hung in the early harvesting stage in summer, the binding force is large, the small amplitude can be used for improving the net harvesting rate, the fruits are sparse in autumn, and the large amplitude is used for improving the harvesting efficiency.

4. An air-blowing wolfberry picking device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the style of the bracket (1) can be changed to ensure that the bracket has a wheel type chassis structure which is convenient to move in the medlar plantation; so that the single-side picking mode is convenient for operation under different planting modes.

5. An air-blowing wolfberry picking device according to claim 1, characterised in that: the configuration number and the position of the swing mechanism and the airflow adjusting mechanism can be increased on the bracket (1) according to the actual situation to realize single-side single-tree picking; picking multiple trees on one side; picking single trees on both sides; picking multiple trees on both sides.