CN1128371C - Overall structure system for multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units - Google Patents
Overall structure system for multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units Download PDFInfo
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- CN1128371C CN1128371C CN00123646A CN00123646A CN1128371C CN 1128371 C CN1128371 C CN 1128371C CN 00123646 A CN00123646 A CN 00123646A CN 00123646 A CN00123646 A CN 00123646A CN 1128371 C CN1128371 C CN 1128371C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an overall structure system for a multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units for detecting ozone and stratospheric aerosol in the atmosphere. The overall structure system comprises a host computer (7-1), a laser power supply (7-2), a laser (7-3), an optical table (7-4), a transmission telescope (7-5), an adjusting mirror (7-6), an optical table (7-7), a monitor (7-8), a top floor plate (7-9), an astrodome (7-10), a receiving telescope (7-11), an optical table (7-12), a light splitting and a receiving system (7-13), a control machine cabinet (7-14) and an optical shutter (7-15). The overall structure system can resist strong electromagnetic interference, can reduce background noise, and can be used for long distance observation and operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the air pollution detecting technical field.Especially relate to a kind of general structure system that is used for atmospheric sounding ozone and the aerocolloidal multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units of stratosphere.
Background technology
Fig. 1 is the General Principle block scheme of laser radar, and the laser radar among the figure is by emission coefficient, control system, and input and disposal system and receiving system are formed.Wherein, laser transmitting system comprises laser instrument, transmitter-telescope etc.Transmitter-telescope is used for improving the Laser emission signal.Laser when transmitting, is subjected to the decay and the scattering of atmospheric medium through transmitter-telescope directive atmosphere in atmosphere.Backscatter signal wherein turns back to laser radar.The laser radar receiving system comprises parts such as receiving telescope, opto-electronic conversion and amplification.The laser light scattering signal that turns back to laser radar is received telescope and collects, and through links such as opto-electronic conversion amplifications, again by input and disposal system analysis and processing, obtains our needed atmospheric parameter and procedural information.Control system be used to control the emission of laser and reception synchronously and level, pitch rotation etc.
The general structure of laser radar directly has influence on the technical feature of complete machine, is restricting the technical indicator of each unit, is also determining the feasibility of complete machine general assembly, the economy of the accuracy of machine debugging and complete machine cost.As shown in Figure 2, present domestic and international its general structure of existing laser radar all adopts the structure of longitude and latitude ceremony.The laser radar of this longitude and latitude ceremony comprises, receiving telescope 1, transmitter-telescope and laser instrument 35, observation dome 38, beam split and receiving system 22 and support 39.
The principal feature of this longitude and latitude ceremony laser radar is that the Laser emission part all adopts rigid connection to comprise coaxial system and non co axial system with the laser pick-off part.Though the laser instrument of the laser radar that has is not installed on the laser radar main frame, its transmitter-telescope and receiving telescope are still rigid attachment.Their major advantage is that globality is strong, but also exists following problem:
1. complete machine is debug complexity, and particularly the large laser radar generally will be debugged in factory-assembled, and dismounting re-assemblies debugging more at the scene then, and after component processing was shaped, range of adjustment was very limited.
2. the cost height owing to will guarantee assembly precision, therefore will improve the machining precision of each parts, and increases the adjusting environment.
3. the installing space of each parts is limited, poor expandability, and in a single day general structure is finished, and each parts is difficult to change, and will be very difficult as increasing receiving cable.
Summary of the invention
At the above problem, the objective of the invention is to design a kind of multi-wavelength laser radar physical construction layout, to improve the laser radar receiving sensitivity, reduce ground unrest, improve operability and to reduce the complete machine cost.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units, by laser instrument and transmitter unit, receiving system, control section is formed, and transmitter unit is provided with transmitter-telescope, receiving system is provided with receiving telescope, control section has the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, and respectively launching of its transmitter unit has one 45 ° to adjust mirror in the light path, adjust mirror for 45 ° and place transmitter-telescope the place ahead; The receiving telescope of laser instrument and transmitter unit and receiving system is on different optical tables, and two optical tables are in different floors; Between transmitter-telescope and receiving telescope, be provided with the isosceles prism, be among Laser emission light path and the receiving light path, place on the intermediate of top, receiving telescope primary mirror cell; The receiving telescope of receiving system and the beam split of receiving system part and photo-translating system are also on different optical tables, and two optical tables are in identical floor.
The general structure system of described multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units, its described different floor, the first floor of being separated by at least.
The general structure system of described multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units, its described isosceles prism can make transmitter-telescope emitted laser bundle after 180 ° of twice refractions, goes back to receiving light path, enters the main optical path of receiving telescope.
The general structure system of described multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units, its described transmitter-telescope places laser instrument the place ahead, it compresses the beam divergence angle of Laser emission and simultaneously to the laser beam enlarging bundle, the field angle of receiving telescope is reduced, improve the receiving sensitivity and the security of whole laser radar, reduced ground unrest.
The general structure system of described multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units is adjusted mirrors for its described one 45 °, is the parts in the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, and its adjustment is easy accurately, cuts down the consumption of energy and simplifies member.
The principal feature of this topology layout of the present invention is:
1. transmitter-telescope separates with receiving telescope, the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis is arranged at transmitter-telescope before, and laser instrument and transmitter-telescope be placed on the optical table, see shown in Figure 4;
2. in the receiving system of laser radar, receiving telescope adopts Cassegrain system, make and receive 90 ° of optical axis side commentaries on classics, and the beam split part of receiving system is also separated with receiving telescope with photoelectric conversion section, simultaneously beam splitter and photo-electric conversion element are installed on another optical table, see shown in Figure 5ly, form the distributed beam-splitting structure of platform.
3. in laser radar, be provided with the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, guarantee the parallel of laser transmitting system and laser receiver system optical axis by this device, make each independently parts organically connect.
4. each emission light path only adopts one 45 ° to adjust mirrors, and it is arranged on the transmitter-telescope front carries out the parallel adjustment of optical axis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 represents the theory diagram of general laser radar;
Fig. 2 represents that present domestic and international existing its general structure of laser radar adopts the synoptic diagram of longitude and latitude ceremony structure;
Fig. 3 represents that the present invention is used for the block scheme of the enforcement overall plan of multi-wavelength laser radar;
Fig. 4 represents the synoptic diagram of the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis that adopted in the multi-wavelength laser radar of the present invention;
Fig. 5 represents that the present invention installs the structural arrangement synoptic diagram of the optical table of beam splitter and photo-electric conversion element such as photomultiplier;
Fig. 6 represents the structural representation that traditional longitude and latitude laser radar transmitter-telescope and receiving telescope and optical axis adjustment structure (A figure) are compared with multi-wavelength laser radar structure of the present invention (B figure);
Fig. 7 represents to adopt the independently synoptic diagram of multi-wavelength laser radar structural system of each unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the general structure system that the present invention is used for the discrete units of multi-wavelength laser radar composition is described in detail.
Fig. 3 is the enforcement functional-block diagram that the present invention is used for atmospheric sounding ozone and stratospheric aerosol multi-wavelength laser radar.Wherein, described multi-wavelength laser radar is by receiving telescope 1, diaphragm motor 2, aperture 3, optical gate blade 4, optical gate motor 5, quasi-optical mirror 6,308nm light path 7,355nm light path 8,1060nm light path 9,532nm light path 10, polarizing prism 11, the 532nm horizontal polarization receives 12, and the 532nm vertical polarization receives 13,355nm transmitter-telescope 14,532nm transmitter-telescope 15,1060nm transmitter-telescope 16,308nm transmitter-telescope 17 is formed with 45 ° of parallel adjustment mirrors 18,19,20,21 of optical axis.
Multi-wavelength laser radar described in the figure has two high power lasers, and wherein the laser of three wavelength of Nd-YAG laser instrument output is respectively 1060nm, 532nm and 355nm; The XeCl laser output wavelength is 308nm.These laser expand bundle and compression angle of divergence directive atmosphere through transmitter-telescope, and receiving telescope is that a bore is Cassegrain's formula telescope of 1 meter, and focus is pulled out by the side commentaries on classics, and an adjustable field stop is arranged at the focus place.The place is provided with optical gate in perifocus, reduces the switch transit time of optical gate.The different wavelength of laser echo information that beam splitting system is collected laser radar is separated, and on the photosurface of direct light electric transducer.Wherein 308nm, 355nm are ultraviolet band, adopt Detection of Weak Signals technology photon counting technique to detect, and light signal 532nm, 1060nm adopt the simulating signal reception technique, and convert digital signal to by high-speed a/d and enter computing machine and carry out signal Processing.The signal of 532nm has three passages to receive, and wherein has two passages to be used for the detection laser atmosphere polarization information.
Control section comprises that field angle control break field stop is controlled, received in optical gate control, laser triggering control, received signal synchro control, telescope focusing, optical filter is selected to control and the parallel adjustment of optical axis.
Multi-wavelength laser radar structural system of the present invention comprises: the laser instrument of a plurality of different emission, transmitter-telescope, receiving telescope, the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, the opticator that is used for beam split or refractive power, photoelectric conversion section and receiving system, wherein, described transmitter-telescope separates with described receiving telescope, the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis is arranged at before the described transmitter-telescope, laser instrument and transmitter-telescope are arranged on the optical table, receiving telescope makes and receives 90 ° of optical axis side commentaries on classics in described receiving system, and the beam split part of receiving system is also separated with described receiving telescope with photoelectric conversion section (as photomultiplier), and simultaneously the beam splitter of beam split part and the photo-electric conversion element of photoelectric conversion section are arranged on another optical table, form the distributed beam-splitting structure of platform.
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram that the present invention adopts the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis to carry out the parallel adjustment of optical axis, wherein semiconductor laser 26,27, excimer laser 29,308nm transmitter-telescope 17, helium-neon laser 26, YAG laser instrument 28,355nm, 532nm, the parallel adjustment mirror 18,19,20,21 of 14,15,16,45 ° of optical axises of 1060nm transmitter-telescope, isosceles prism 30, receiving telescope mirror 1, field stop 3, quasi-optical mirror 6, movably CCD monitors enocscope 40, CCD probe 24, monitor 25, beam splitting system 22.This adjusting gear proposes in another part patented claim, so this paper is not described further.
Fig. 5 is the distributed beam-splitting structure synoptic diagram of platform,, as shown in the figure: the diaphragm motor 2 that receives main optical path, field stop 3 optical gate blades 4, optical gate motor 5, quasi-optical mirror 6,308nm light path 7,1060nm light path 8,355nm light path 9,532nm light path 10, polarizing prism 11,532nm horizontal polarization 12,532nm vertical polarization 13, the parallel adjusting mechanism 23 of twin shaft, CCD probe 24, movably CCD monitors enocscope 40.
Fig. 6 represents the structural representation that traditional longitude and latitude laser radar structure (A figure) is compared with multi-wavelength laser radar structure of the present invention (B figure).Among the figure, be two 45 ° parallel adjustment mirror of accent twin shaft in the A figure.Have only one 45 ° to adjust mirrors and not only risen and turn to but also parallel in the B figure with adjusting twin shaft.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 B, shown in Figure 7, laser radar of the present invention is provided with transmitter-telescope, and its fundamental purpose is the beam divergence angle of compression Laser emission.The beam divergence angle of general solid state laser is a 1-2 milliradian, and after the transmitter-telescope compression, its beam divergence angle can be several milliradians at zero point, even littler.About about 1 meter of the field angle of 1 milliradian in field range on 1000 meters the distance, and the field angle of 0.1 milliradian approximately is about 0.1 meter in field range on 1000 meters the distance, its field range is compressed nearly two orders of magnitude.Because the beam divergence angle of emission laser is little, the field angle of receiving telescope just can reduce thereupon.Because, the field angle parameter of receiving telescope is determined according to the diffusing angle of emission of lasering beam, the field angle of receiving telescope should be bigger slightly than scattered laser beam angle, and its visual field should guarantee to overlap with laser beam behind certain distance, could receive laser atmospheric backscatter echo preferably like this.The field angle of receiving telescope directly influences the receiving sensitivity and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of whole laser radar, therefore, the field angle of receiving telescope is to reduce the topmost means of laser radar ground unrest, is the important indicator that is used for Testing of Feeble Signals (photon counting) laser radar.
Laser output will be through another purpose of transmitter-telescope, laser is by behind the telescope, and the scattered laser beam angle is except being enhanced, and laser beam also will be expanded bundle, the diameter that is laser beam is extended, and its benefit is the laser power density that greatly reduces unit area.When powerful laser was beaten on the parallel adjustment mirror of optical axis, the laser that expands bundle was easy to adjustments mirror reflection face is ablated (breaking), expanded then safe many of the laser of bundle through transmitter-telescope.
As Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6 B, shown in Figure 7, in the parallel adjusting gear of the twin shaft of laser radar of the present invention, in each emission light path, only be provided with one 45 ° and adjust mirror.For laser radar system, mirror is adjusted in one of every minimizing all will reduce the certain energy loss.Laser as the 355nm wavelength belongs to ultraviolet band, and with the catoptron of the reasonable deielectric-coating of aluminizing, its reflection coefficient is the highest also to be had only about 80% now, therefore, every increase one side transmitting mirror, the laser output loss of its radar will strengthen about 20%.
Fig. 7 represents to implement an example schematic of the relatively independent multi-wavelength laser radar general structure system in each unit that the present invention forms.Among the figure, described laser radar is by principal computer 33, Laser Power Devices 34, laser instrument 28, laser optical platform 35, transmitter- telescope 14,15,16,45 ° of parallel adjustment mirrors 19 of optical axis, the parallel adjustment optical table 36 of optical axis, monitor 25, top floor 37, observation dome 38, receiving telescope 1, spectrum part spectroscopy platform 31, beam split and receiving system 22, control rack 32, optical gate 4 is formed.
As shown in Figure 7, the present invention adopts at least three optical tables, and Laser emission part separated with receiving unit is arranged in two floors.All receiving units of laser radar (the beam split part and the photoelectric conversion section of receiving telescope, receiving system) are arranged on upstairs, it has not only reduced the ground unrest of laser radar, the fluorescence of laser instrument itself disturbs, and has also reduced the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of emission coefficient.Downstairs, set up a little optical table 36, on little optical table, only be provided with parallel adjustment mirror 19 of optical axis and CCD monitor 25, to guarantee when carrying out the parallel adjustment of optical axis, the scope that eye-observation monitor 25 and hand can touch when space that human body is stood and operation, this is very important problem in the precision optics experiment.
As shown in Figure 7, emission coefficient is arranged on downstairs, can makes things convenient for the parallel adjustment of optical axis.Laser-assisted is downstairs adjusted the vertical points upwards of mirror through 45 °, it will just arrive near the receiving telescope through a segment distance, our intermediate (telescope physical construction) above the primary mirror cell of receiving telescope is gone up and is placed the isosceles prism, auxiliary laser is gone back to receiving light path for 180 °, it not only helps operation, also can guarantee the parallel adjustment precision of optical axis.In theory, long more to this segment distance of isosceles prism behind 45 ° of adjustment mirrors, the precision of the parallel adjustment of optical axis is just high more, and in fact can not realize such operation.The isosceles prism must be placed on the stable physical construction of relying on, simultaneously again can be vertical with the reception optical axis, to guarantee each repeatable accuracy of adjusting.When flat pad moves on to the receiving telescope first floor, this segment distance will shorten greatly, and it is adjusted error and also can strengthen.So for improving precision, radiating portion can differ several floors with receiving unit.
The major advantage of multi-wavelength laser radar general structure of the present invention is:
1. assembling and precision governing loop between each unit be need not consider, design, processing, the assembling of the overall physical construction of laser radar, the complexity of debugging reduced.
2. except that receiving telescope, all parts, beam splitter etc. all independently are placed on the optical table, and the light path adjustment is simplified greatly, have reduced the linkage that complex optical path optics is adjusted.
3. because each unit is relatively independent, the sufficient mounting space is arranged, the beam split light path can afterwards extend or expand to both sides, and any parts all can be changed or be upgraded at any time, make whole laser radar have very strong adjustable transsexual and extensibility, make laser radar become a kind of novel laser acquisition experiment porch.
4. owing to simplified the complicacy of overall physical construction and reduced technical requirement such as quality of fit, the complete machine cost is reduced greatly.
5. owing to before the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis changes into transmitter-telescope, make the required plane of the parallel adjustment of optical axis adjust mirror and reduce to one on every road by original each at least two of light path of emission.Method originally should transfer coaxial, present method only to need the leveling row as shown in Figure 6 by the leveling row again.Make the parallel adjustment of optical axis simple, quick.
Since laser after transmitter-telescope expands bundle, the power density of unit area reduces, the security high power laser radar that has improved the parallel adjustment mirror of the optical axis parallel adjustment mirror of optical axis of often ablating is a most common failure, sees Fig. 6.
7. the collimation, continuous, the visible laser that utilize the laser-assisted of the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis to send, transmitter-telescope is positioned, and movably CCD monitors that enocscope 40 shifts out main optical path, beam splitter and photo-electric conversion element to the beam split part position easy to operate, accurate positioning.
As can be seen from Figure 7, survey ozone and stratospheric aerosol multi-wavelength laser radar emission coefficient downstairs and receiving system upstairs in the dome.Because emission coefficient and receiving system are drawn distantly in the space, the strong electromagnetic that makes laser transmitting system produce when emission laser is many to the influence minimizing of the Testing of Feeble Signals generation of receiving system.Because the automaticity of system is higher, dome need not advance the people, more need not turn on light, and has significantly reduced the ground unrest of laser radar.The observation personnel only just can observe operation in the host computer machine room.
Any modification that those of ordinary skill in the art has done in the spirit and scope of the general structure system of the discrete units that does not depart from the described multi-wavelength laser radar of the invention described above or change all belong in the scope that claim of the present invention protects.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units, by laser instrument and transmitter unit, receiving system, control section is formed, and transmitter unit is provided with transmitter-telescope, and receiving system is provided with receiving telescope, control section has the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, it is characterized in that respectively launching of transmitter unit has one 45 ° to adjust mirror in the light path, adjust mirror for 45 ° and place transmitter-telescope the place ahead; The receiving telescope of laser instrument and transmitter unit and receiving system is on different optical tables, and two optical tables are in different floors; Be provided with the isosceles prism between transmitter-telescope and the receiving telescope, be among Laser emission light path and the receiving light path, place on the intermediate of top, receiving telescope primary mirror cell; The receiving telescope of receiving system and the beam split of receiving system part and photo-translating system are also on different optical tables, and two optical tables are in identical floor.
2, the general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described different floor, the first floor of being separated by at least.
3, the general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described isosceles prism can make transmitter-telescope emitted laser bundle after 180 ° of twice refractions, go back to receiving light path, enter the main optical path of receiving telescope.
4, the general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described transmitter-telescope places laser instrument the place ahead, it compresses the beam divergence angle of Laser emission and simultaneously to the laser beam enlarging bundle, the field angle of receiving telescope is reduced, improve the receiving sensitivity and the security of whole laser radar, reduced ground unrest.
5, the general structure system of multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, adjusts mirrors for described one 45 °, is the parts in the parallel adjusting gear of optical axis, and its adjustment is easy accurately, cuts down the consumption of energy and simplifies member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00123646A CN1128371C (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Overall structure system for multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN00123646A CN1128371C (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Overall structure system for multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units |
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| CN1340698A CN1340698A (en) | 2002-03-20 |
| CN1128371C true CN1128371C (en) | 2003-11-19 |
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| CN00123646A Expired - Fee Related CN1128371C (en) | 2000-08-24 | 2000-08-24 | Overall structure system for multi-wavelength laser radar with discrete units |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1329742C (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2007-08-01 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Laser radar control method based on image intensifier |
| CN100454038C (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-01-21 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Atmospheric turbulance detection laser rader using position-sensitive detector |
| CN1945356B (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2010-05-12 | 武汉大学 | Multifunctional atmospheric laser radar |
| CN106067266A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-02 | 北方民族大学 | A kind of experiment porch of laser radar signal acquisition system |
| CN111537413B (en) * | 2020-06-09 | 2020-11-24 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Sand and dust particle quantitative monitoring method based on single particle polarization characteristic self-adaption |
| CN112558106B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-06-07 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Satellite-borne atmospheric ocean high repetition frequency laser radar system and detection method |
| CN113624650A (en) * | 2021-08-08 | 2021-11-09 | 安徽科创中光科技有限公司 | Portable PM2.5 particulate matter and ozone scanning laser radar |
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2000
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| CN1340698A (en) | 2002-03-20 |
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