CN112833870B - Effective method for inhibiting influence of alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope - Google Patents
Effective method for inhibiting influence of alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, and relates to the field of quantum sensing devices. The method comprises the following steps: 1. measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field; 2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency; 3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved. The invention can improve the performance of the gyroscope, and is beneficial to the development of a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the development of a new generation of quantum devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of quantum sensing devices, in particular to an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, which has important significance for the development of a new generation of nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope.
Background
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyro (NMRG) has many advantages such as high precision, small volume, low power consumption, and low cost, and can meet the requirements of future miniaturized, intelligent, and portable carrier devices on navigation systems, and thus has become an important research direction in the current inertial field.
Research shows that the precision performance of NMRG is influenced by various physical factors such as magnetic field, optical field and thermal field. The influence on the gyro nuclear magnetic resonance frequency signal by the change of the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is one of the most main physical mechanisms for restricting the performance improvement of the NMRG dual-isotope differential scheme at present. The mechanism mainly influences the long-term drift of the gyro, and further limits the future navigation-level application of the NMRG.
Changes of physical quantities such as thermal fields, optical fields and the like all affect the polarizability of alkali metal atoms in the NMRG, so that magnetic fields generated by polarization of the alkali metal atoms are affected, and changes of gyro differential frequency signals are finally caused due to different polarization magnetic fields of the alkali metal atoms sensed by the double isotopes. To suppress this mechanism, it is currently the most straightforward practice to maintain the stability of physical quantities such as thermal fields and optical fields in NMRG as much as possible. However, in order to meet the requirement of high accuracy of NMRG for these physical quantities, almost strict design requirements are imposed on hardware such as internal heating and thermal insulation devices and lasers, and a large part of research work on NMRG is focused on this aspect at present. In addition, there is a scheme for suppressing this mechanism by adjusting the closed-loop phase of the dual isotope, but there is a disadvantage that precise adjustment is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the present invention proposes an effective scheme for suppressing the influence of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom on the NMRG output signal by measuring the longitudinal magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, which can improve the performance of the gyroscope and is beneficial to the development of the nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the development of a new generation of quantum devices.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an effective method for suppressing the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of alkali metal atoms in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1. measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved.
Said step 1 is to apply a standard oscillating magnetic field with a fixed frequency (significantly different from the rare gas resonance frequency) and amplitude to the NMRG using its original x-direction magnetic field coil, in which an embedded alkali metal is obtained by faraday rotation effect: ( 87 Rb) the zeroth order signal of the magnetometer satisfies:
wherein B is 1 Representing the amplitude of the applied reference signal, ω 1 Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau 2 Represents the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atom Rb Represents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M 0 Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of the alkali metal atom, B 0 Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, B c Representing the longitudinal carrier field, ω c Representing the carrier magnetic field frequency, J n Representing a bezier function.
The NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer measures that the amplitude of a standard magnetic field in the x direction is related to the difference between the carrier frequency and the longitudinal magnetic field resonance frequency sensed by alkali metal atoms c ＝ω c +γ Rb B 0 (wherein γ is Rb Generally taking a negative value) and independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
adjusting carrier frequency omega c When ω is satisfied c +γ Rb B 0 The minimum standard signal amplitude can be measured when the signal amplitude is not less than 0, namely the longitudinal magnetic field intensity B sensed by the alkali metal atoms is measured 0 ＝-ω c /γ Rb 。
The alkali metal atom and two rare gas atoms (2) are jointly detected 129 Xe and 131 xe), establishing a magnetic field strength model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms:
wherein gamma is Xe129 、γ Xe131 Is the gyromagnetic ratio, omega, of two rare gas atoms 129 、ω 131 Is a closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gases r As angular velocity of rotation of the system, B Rb Polarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b 129/Rb ＝k 129/Rb ·B Rb And B 131/Rb ＝k 131/Rb ·B Rb Indicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; for the same reason B Rb/129 ＝k Rb/129 ·B Rb And B Rb/131 ＝k Rb/131 ·B Rb Indicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b 131/129 ＝k 131/129 ·B Rb And B 129/131 ＝k 129/131 ·B Rb The magnetic field effect of two rare gas atoms on each other is shown, and the above formula is solved:
wherein
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ] c (γ Xe129 +γ Xe131 )-γ Rb (ω 129 +ω 131 )]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The influence of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atoms on the performance of the gyroscope is inhibited through a theoretical model and more system parameter measurements, the higher requirements on the design of NMRG system hardware can be reduced, and the environmental stability of the gyroscope is further improved.
2) Compared with the existing closed-loop phase adjusting method, the scheme has the advantages of real-time performance, operability, precision and the like.
3) The existing NMRG hardware system is fully utilized, the polarized magnetic field of the alkali metal atoms is subtracted through algorithm improvement, and new hardware does not need to be added.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a graph of the amplitude of a standard magnetic field signal measured in the x direction by an alkali metal magnetometer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the longitudinal magnetic field strength sensed by an alkali metal atom measured by an alkali metal magnetometer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for suppressing the influence of the polarizing magnetic field of alkali metal atoms according to the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained by combining the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: an effective method for suppressing the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of alkali metal atoms in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1. measuring longitudinal magnetic field strength sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field strength comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved.
Applying a standard oscillating magnetic field of fixed frequency (significantly different from the rare gas resonance frequency) and amplitude using its original x-direction magnetic field coil in NMRG, wherein the embedded alkali metal is obtained by Faraday rotation effect: ( 87 Rb) the zero order signal of the magnetometer satisfies:
wherein B is 1 Representing the amplitude of the applied reference signal, ω 1 Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau 2 Denotes the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atom Rb Represents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M 0 Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of alkali metal atoms, B 0 Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, B c Representing the longitudinal carrier field, ω c Representing the carrier magnetic field frequency, J n Representing a bezier function.
As shown in FIG. 1, the standard magnetic field amplitude in the x direction measured by the NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer is related to the difference between the carrier frequency and the longitudinal magnetic field resonance frequency sensed by the alkali metal atom c ＝ω c +γ Rb B 0 (wherein γ is Rb Generally taking a negative value) and independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
adjusting carrier frequency omega c When ω is satisfied c +γ Rb B 0 The minimum standard signal amplitude can be measured when the signal amplitude is not less than 0, namely the longitudinal magnetic field intensity B sensed by the alkali metal atoms is measured 0 ＝-ω c /γ Rb . FIG. 2 shows a set of alkali metal sources implemented in a real NMRG system using this methodMeasurement data of the sub-perceived longitudinal magnetic field strength, at a carrier frequency ω c Display, can pass through B 0 ＝-ω c /γ Rb Converted into magnetic field strength. This is the first part of this embodiment.
Next, the alkali metal atom and two rare gas atoms are measured in combination ( 129 Xe and 131 xe) to establish a magnetic field strength model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms. Considering that each physical parameter in the NMRG generally fluctuates only in a small range during normal operation and that the spin exchange effect can be considered in a certain range to make the alkali metal atomic polarizability and the rare gas atomic polarizability have a proportional relationship, a linear approximation model can be established as follows:
wherein gamma is Xe129 、γ Xe131 Is the gyromagnetic ratio, omega, of two rare gas atoms 129 、ω 131 Closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gases r To the angular velocity of rotation of the system, B Rb Polarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b is 129/Rb ＝k 129/Rb ·B Rb And B 131/Rb ＝k 131/Rb ·B Rb Indicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; same principle B Rb/129 ＝k Rb/129 ·B Rb And B Rb/131 ＝k Rb/131 ·B Rb Indicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b is 131/129 ＝k 131/129 ·B Rb And B 129/131 ＝k 129/131 ·B Rb It is shown that the two noble gas atoms feel the magnetic field effect of each other, considering that the linear approximation is related to the spin exchange effect and finally to the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atoms, and the effect is usually small and can be ignored. The above equation can be solved:
wherein
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ] c (γ Xe129 +γ Xe131 )-γ Rb (ω 129 +ω 131 )]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
In (1). The specific flow is shown in fig. 3.
The present embodiment can be implemented well in light of the above. It should be noted that, based on the above theoretical design method, even if the atom type, the magnetic field strength model and some insubstantial changes and colorings are made based on the present invention, it should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. An effective method for suppressing the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of an alkali metal atom in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
(1) Measuring the longitudinal magnetic field strength sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field strength comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
(2) Jointly measuring longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
(3) The influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is subtracted from an original NMRG differential frequency signal by using a theoretical formula, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved;
in the step (1), the original x-direction magnetic field coil is utilized in NMRG, a standard oscillating magnetic field with frequency and amplitude which are obviously different from the resonance frequency of rare gas and fixed is applied, and the embedded alkali metal is obtained through Faraday optical effect 87 The zeroth order signal of the Rb magnetometer satisfies:
wherein B is 1 Representing the amplitude of the applied reference signal, ω 1 Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau 2 Denotes the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atom Rb Represents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M 0 Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of alkali metal atoms, B 0 Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, B c Representing the longitudinal carrier field, ω c Representing the carrier magnetic field frequency, J n Representing a Bessel function; the NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer measures that the amplitude of a standard magnetic field in the x direction is related to the difference between the carrier frequency and the longitudinal magnetic field resonance frequency sensed by alkali metal atoms c ＝ω c +γ Rb B 0 And independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
adjusting carrier frequency omega c When ω is satisfied c +γ Rb B 0 The minimum standard signal amplitude can be measured when the signal amplitude is not less than 0, namely the longitudinal magnetic field intensity B sensed by the alkali metal atoms is measured 0 ＝-ω c /γ Rb ；
The alkali metal atom and the two rare gas atoms jointly measured in the step (2) 29 Xe and 131 a longitudinal magnetic field felt by Xe is used for establishing a magnetic field intensity model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms:
wherein gamma is Xe129 、γ Xe131 Is the gyromagnetic ratio of two rare gas atoms, omega 129 、ω 131 Is a closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gases r To the angular velocity of rotation of the system, B Rb Polarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b is 129/Rb ＝k 129/Rb ·B Rb And B 131/Rb ＝k 131/Rb ·B Rb Indicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; same principle B Rb/129 ＝k Rb/129 ·B Rb And B Rb/131 ＝k Rb/131 ·B Rb Indicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b is 131/129 ＝k 131/129 ·B Rb And B 129/131 ＝k 129/131 ·B Rb The magnetic field effect of two rare gas atoms on each other is shown, and the above formula is solved:
wherein
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ] c (γ Xe129 +γ Xe131 )-γ Rb (ω 129 +ω 131 )]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
In (1).
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| US5612103A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-03-18 | Princeton University | Coatings for production of hyperpolarized noble gases |
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