CN112833870A - Effective method for inhibiting influence of alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope - Google Patents

Effective method for inhibiting influence of alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope Download PDF

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CN112833870A
CN112833870A CN202011610975.8A CN202011610975A CN112833870A CN 112833870 A CN112833870 A CN 112833870A CN 202011610975 A CN202011610975 A CN 202011610975A CN 112833870 A CN112833870 A CN 112833870A
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张燚
汪之国
李佳佳
江奇渊
罗晖
杨开勇
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Abstract

The invention discloses an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, and relates to the field of quantum sensing devices. The method comprises the following steps: 1. measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field; 2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency; 3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved. The invention can improve the performance of the gyroscope, and is beneficial to the development of a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the development of a new generation of quantum devices.

Description

Effective method for inhibiting influence of alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of quantum sensing devices, in particular to an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, which has important significance for the development of a new generation of nuclear magnetic resonance atomic gyroscope.
Background
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Gyro (NMRG) has many advantages such as high precision, small volume, low power consumption, and low cost, and can meet the requirements of future miniaturized, intelligent, and portable carrier devices on navigation systems, and thus has become an important research direction in the current inertial field.
Research shows that the precision performance of NMRG is influenced by various physical factors such as magnetic field, optical field and thermal field. The influence on the gyro nuclear magnetic resonance frequency signal by the change of the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is one of the most main physical mechanisms for restricting the performance improvement of the NMRG dual-isotope differential scheme at present. The mechanism mainly influences the long-term drift of the gyro, and further limits the future navigation-level application of the NMRG.
Changes of physical quantities such as thermal fields, optical fields and the like all affect the polarizability of alkali metal atoms in the NMRG, so that magnetic fields generated by polarization of the alkali metal atoms are affected, and changes of gyro differential frequency signals are finally caused due to different polarization magnetic fields of the alkali metal atoms sensed by the double isotopes. To suppress this mechanism, it is currently the most straightforward practice to maintain the stability of physical quantities such as thermal fields and optical fields in NMRG as much as possible. However, in order to meet the requirement of high accuracy of NMRG for these physical quantities, almost strict design requirements are imposed on hardware such as internal heating and thermal insulation devices and lasers, and a large part of research work on NMRG is focused on this aspect at present. In addition, there is a scheme for suppressing this mechanism by adjusting the closed-loop phase of the dual isotope, but there is a disadvantage that precise adjustment is difficult to achieve. Therefore, the invention proposes an effective scheme for inhibiting the influence of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom on the output signal of the NMRG by measuring the longitudinal magnetic field sensed by the alkali metal atom.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an effective method for inhibiting the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, which can improve the performance of the gyroscope and is beneficial to the development of the nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope and the development of a new generation of quantum devices.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an effective method for inhibiting the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of an alkali metal atom in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1. measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved.
Said step 1 is to apply a standard oscillating magnetic field with a fixed frequency (significantly different from the rare gas resonance frequency) and amplitude to the NMRG using its original x-direction magnetic field coil, in which an embedded alkali metal is obtained by faraday rotation effect: (87Rb) the zero order signal of the magnetometer satisfies:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000021
wherein B is1Indicating the amplitude of the applied standard signal, ω1Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau2Denotes the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atomRbRepresents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M0Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of alkali metal atoms, B0Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, BcRepresenting the longitudinal carrier field, ωcRepresenting the carrier magnetic field frequency, JnRepresenting a bezier function.
The standard magnetic field amplitude in the x direction measured by an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer has the same carrier frequency as that of the alkali metalThe difference between the resonance frequencies of the longitudinal magnetic field sensed by the sub-sensors is related to d omegac＝ωc+γRbB0(wherein γ isRbGenerally taking a negative value) and independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000031
adjusting carrier frequency omegacWhen ω is satisfiedc+γRbB0The smallest standard signal amplitude is measured at 0, i.e. the longitudinal magnetic field strength B experienced by the alkali metal atom is measured0＝-ωc/γRb。
The alkali metal atom and the two rare gas atoms (in step 2) are jointly detected129Xe and131xe), establishing a magnetic field strength model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000032
wherein gamma isXe129、γXe131Is the gyromagnetic ratio, omega, of two rare gas atoms129、ω131Is a closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gasesrTo the angular velocity of rotation of the system, BRbPolarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b is129/Rb＝k129/Rb·BRbAnd B131/Rb＝k131/Rb·BRbIndicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; same principle BRb/129＝kRb/129·BRbAnd BRb/131＝kRb/131·BRbIndicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b is131/129＝k131/129·BRbAnd B129/131＝k129/131·BRbIndicating atomic sensation of two noble gasesThe magnetic field action on the other side is solved by the following formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000041
wherein
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000042
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ]c(γXe129+γXe131)-γRb(ω129+ω131)]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000043
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000044
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the influence of the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field on the performance of the gyroscope is inhibited through a theoretical model and more system parameter measurements, the higher requirement on NMRG system hardware design can be reduced, and the environmental stability of the gyroscope is further improved.
2) Compared with the existing closed-loop phase adjusting method, the scheme has the advantages of real-time performance, operability, precision and the like.
3) The existing NMRG hardware system is fully utilized, the polarized magnetic field of the alkali metal atoms is subtracted through algorithm improvement, and new hardware does not need to be added.
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The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a graph of the amplitude of a standard magnetic field signal measured in the x direction by an alkali metal magnetometer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the longitudinal magnetic field strength sensed by an alkali metal atom measured by an alkali metal magnetometer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for suppressing the influence of the polarizing magnetic field of alkali metal atoms according to the present invention
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present embodiment: an effective method for inhibiting the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of an alkali metal atom in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
1. measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
2. combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
3. by using a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is removed from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved.
Applying a standard oscillating magnetic field of fixed frequency (significantly different from the rare gas resonance frequency) and amplitude using its original x-direction magnetic field coil in NMRG, wherein the embedded alkali metal is obtained by Faraday rotation effect: (87Rb) the zero order signal of the magnetometer satisfies:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000061
wherein B is1Indicating the amplitude of the applied standard signal, ω1Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau2Denotes the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atomRbRepresents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M0Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of alkali metal atoms, B0Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, BcRepresenting the longitudinal carrier field, ωcRepresenting the carrier magnetic field frequency, JnRepresenting a bezier function.
As shown in FIG. 1, the standard magnetic field amplitude in the x direction measured by the NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer is related to the difference between the carrier frequency and the longitudinal magnetic field resonance frequency sensed by the alkali metal atomc＝ωc+γRbB0(wherein γ isRbGenerally taking a negative value) and independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000062
adjusting carrier frequency omegacWhen ω is satisfiedc+γRbB0The smallest standard signal amplitude is measured at 0, i.e. the longitudinal magnetic field strength B experienced by the alkali metal atom is measured0＝-ωc/γRb. FIG. 2 shows measured data of the longitudinal magnetic field strength experienced by a group of alkali metal atoms in a real NMRG system implemented using this method, at a carrier frequency ωcDisplay, can pass through B0＝-ωc/γRbConverted into magnetic field strength. This is the first part of this embodiment.
Next, the alkali metal atom and two rare gas atoms are measured in combination (129Xe and131xe) to establish a magnetic field strength model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms. Considering that each physical parameter in the NMRG generally fluctuates only in a small range during normal operation and that the spin exchange effect can be considered in a certain range to make the alkali metal atomic polarizability and the rare gas atomic polarizability have a proportional relationship, a linear approximation model can be established as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000071
wherein gamma isXe129、γXe131Is two raritiesGyromagnetic ratio, omega, of gas atoms129、ω131Is a closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gasesrTo the angular velocity of rotation of the system, BRbPolarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b is129/Rb＝k129/Rb·BRbAnd B131/Rb＝k131/Rb·BRbIndicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; same principle BRb/129＝kRb/129·BRbAnd BRb/131＝kRb/131·BRbIndicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b is131/129＝k131/129·BRbAnd B129/131＝k129/131·BRbIt is shown that the two noble gas atoms feel the magnetic field effect of each other, considering that the linear approximation is related to the spin exchange effect and finally to the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atoms, and the effect is usually small and can be ignored. The above equation can be solved:
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000072
wherein
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000081
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ]c(γXe129+γXe131)-γRb(ω129+ω131)]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000082
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
Figure RE-GDA0002970821040000083
In (1). The specific flow is shown in fig. 3.
The present embodiment can be implemented well in light of the above. It should be noted that, based on the above theoretical design method, even if the atom type, the magnetic field strength model and some insubstantial changes and colorings are made based on the present invention, it should be within the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (3)

1. An effective method for suppressing the influence of a polarizing magnetic field of an alkali metal atom in a nuclear magnetic resonance gyroscope, comprising the steps of:
(1) measuring the longitudinal magnetic field intensity sensed by alkali metal atoms by using an NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer, wherein the longitudinal magnetic field intensity comprises an external magnetic field and a rare gas atomic nucleus magnetic moment magnetic field;
(2) combining the measured longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms and the two rare gas atoms, establishing a magnetic field intensity model of the alkali metal atoms and the rare gas atoms, and obtaining a theoretical formula of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic fields felt by the alkali metal atoms on the NMRG dual-isotope differential frequency;
(3) and by utilizing a theoretical formula, the influence of an alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field is eliminated from the original NMRG differential frequency signal, so that the purpose of improving the performance of the gyroscope is achieved.
2. The effective method for suppressing the influence of the polarizing magnetic field of alkali metal atoms in an nmr gyro as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (1) comprises applying an electromagnetic field to the NMRG using its original x-direction magnetic field coilStandard oscillating magnetic field with fixed frequency and amplitude and significant difference in rare gas resonance frequency, and embedded alkali metal obtained by Faraday rotation effect87The zeroth order signal of the Rb magnetometer satisfies:
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000011
wherein B is1Indicating the amplitude of the applied standard signal, ω1Indicating the frequency of the applied reference signal, tau2Denotes the transverse relaxation time, gamma, of the alkali metal atomRbRepresents the gyromagnetic ratio of alkali metal atoms, M0Denotes the equilibrium magnetic moment of alkali metal atoms, B0Denotes the longitudinal main magnetic field, BcRepresenting the longitudinal carrier field, ωcRepresenting the carrier magnetic field frequency, JnRepresenting a Bessel function; the NMRG embedded alkali metal magnetometer measures that the amplitude of a standard magnetic field in the x direction is related to the difference between the carrier frequency and the longitudinal magnetic field resonance frequency sensed by alkali metal atomsc＝ωc+γRbB0And independent of the frequency of the standard signal itself:
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000021
adjusting carrier frequency omegacWhen ω is satisfiedc+γRbB0The smallest standard signal amplitude is measured at 0, i.e. the longitudinal magnetic field strength B experienced by the alkali metal atom is measured0＝-ωc/γRb。
3. The effective method for suppressing the influence of the polarizing magnetic field of the alkali metal atom in the magnetic resonance gyro according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal atom and the two rare gas atoms are measured in combination in the step (2)29Xe and131a longitudinal magnetic field felt by Xe is used for establishing a magnetic field intensity model of alkali metal atoms and rare gas atoms:
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000022
wherein gamma isXe129、γXe131Is the gyromagnetic ratio, omega, of two rare gas atoms129、ω131Is a closed-loop resonance frequency, omega, of two noble gasesrTo the angular velocity of rotation of the system, BRbPolarizing the magnetic field for the alkali metal atoms; b is129/Rb＝k129/Rb·BRbAnd B131/Rb＝k131/Rb·BRbIndicating that the rare gas atomic magnetic field felt by the alkali metal atom due to the spin exchange action is proportional to the alkali metal atomic magnetic field within a certain range; same principle BRb/129＝kRb/129·BRbAnd BRb/131＝kRb/131·BRbIndicating that the alkali metal atom polarization magnetic field felt by the rare gas atom is also proportional to the alkali metal atom magnetic field, but the proportionality coefficients are different; b is131/129＝k131/129·BRbAnd B129/131＝k129/131·BRbThe magnetic field effect of two rare gas atoms on each other is shown, and the above formula is solved:
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000031
wherein
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000032
Therefore, to remove the effect of the polarization magnetic field of the alkali metal atom from the NMRG output differential signal, it is necessary to linearly combine the three measured frequency signals [ ω [ omega ] ]c(γXe129+γXe131)-γRb(ω129+ω131)]Then multiplied by a scaling factor
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000033
Finally added to the original gyro differential signal
Figure RE-FDA0002970821030000034
In (1).
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