CN112832301B - A detection method of electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and prefabricated pile based on cylindrical coordinate system - Google Patents

A detection method of electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and prefabricated pile based on cylindrical coordinate system Download PDF

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CN112832301B
CN112832301B CN202011619592.7A CN202011619592A CN112832301B CN 112832301 B CN112832301 B CN 112832301B CN 202011619592 A CN202011619592 A CN 202011619592A CN 112832301 B CN112832301 B CN 112832301B
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electromagnetic
pile
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cylindrical coordinate
conductor
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CN112832301A (en
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王向鹏
罗耀华
张翔
刘威
沈迪
李俊翔
付顺
吴雄英
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Chengdu Science And Technology Boda Engineering Technology Co ltd
Chengdu Univeristy of Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A90/30Assessment of water resources

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Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic filling pile and precast pile detection method based on a cylindrical coordinate system, which comprises the steps of manufacturing a pile foundation, detecting the arrangement of a conductor structure, detecting by utilizing the propagation characteristic of electromagnetic waves, calculating the distribution rule of the electromagnetic waves in a pile body, judging the integrity of concrete in the pile body, solving and calculating by using a Maxwell equation under the cylindrical coordinate system to obtain the intensity of electromagnetic signals, and performing inversion imaging by using an electromagnetic wave imaging technology; the invention uses the regular phenomena of energy reduction, diffraction, refraction, reflection and the like generated in the electromagnetic wave propagation process as the theoretical detection pile foundation, can greatly improve the detection precision and the detection efficiency, and makes the evaluation of the pile foundation approximate to the reality by analyzing and calculating the mathematical tool for solving the Maxwell equation set based on the cylindrical coordinate system, and has the advantages of simple operation, high reliability of the detection result and easy popularization.

Description

一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法A detection method of electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and prefabricated pile based on cylindrical coordinate system

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及混凝土桩检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of concrete pile detection, in particular to an electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and a prefabricated pile detection method based on a cylindrical coordinate system.

背景技术Background technique

桩基础作为工程建设的一种重要基础形式,被广泛地运用在房屋建筑以及路桥建设中。其通常在地下或水下,具有工序繁杂、技术要求高、施工难度大等特点,很容易出现质量问题。因此,要对基桩性能作出准确判断,必须提高工程桩检测的技术。As an important basic form of engineering construction, pile foundation is widely used in house construction and road and bridge construction. It is usually underground or underwater, and has the characteristics of complicated procedures, high technical requirements, and difficult construction, which is prone to quality problems. Therefore, in order to make an accurate judgment on the performance of foundation piles, it is necessary to improve the technology of engineering pile detection.

施工中,由于地质条件、施工条件及施工人员的技术水平等原因,易发生缩颈、断桩、桩身局部夹泥、桩身砼离析,桩顶砼疏松等质量问题。因此,研究如何更有效地检测桩基质量具有重大意义。常见的检测方法有钻孔取芯法、声波透射法、低应变反射波法、高应变法、静荷载试验以及自平衡法;During construction, due to geological conditions, construction conditions and the technical level of the construction personnel, quality problems such as necking, broken piles, partial mud inclusion in the pile body, segregation of concrete in the pile body, and loose concrete at the top of the pile are prone to occur. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to detect the pile foundation quality more effectively. Common detection methods include drilling core method, acoustic wave transmission method, low-strain reflected wave method, high-strain method, static load test and self-balancing method;

现有的检测方法存在检测盲区,且无法定量判断缺陷大小,而使用预埋声测管其费用高,采用桩头瞬态激振受现场外界干扰大,桩身后段缺陷的反射信号不易检测,采用预埋光纤的方法由于光纤没有力学性能,无法保证其位置,因此,本发明提出一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法以解决现有技术中存在的问题。The existing detection methods have detection blind spots, and cannot quantitatively determine the size of the defects. However, the use of embedded acoustic tubes is expensive, and the transient excitation of the pile head is subject to large external disturbances on the site, and the reflected signals of the defects at the back of the pile are not easy to detect. Because the optical fiber has no mechanical properties, the position of the optical fiber cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the present invention proposes an electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and a prefabricated pile detection method based on a cylindrical coordinate system to solve the problems in the prior art.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

针对上述问题,本发明的目的在于提出一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,该基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法利用电磁波传播过程发生能量减少、绕射、折射和反射等规律现象作为理论检测桩基,可大大提高检测精度和检测效率,通过基于柱坐标系求解麦克斯韦方程组的数学工具进行分析和计算,使得对桩基的评价逼近实际,操作简单,检测结果可靠性高,易于推广。In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system, which utilizes the electromagnetic wave propagation process to generate energy reduction and diffraction The regular phenomena such as refraction, refraction and reflection can be used as the theoretical detection of pile foundation, which can greatly improve the detection accuracy and detection efficiency. Through the analysis and calculation of mathematical tools based on the cylindrical coordinate system to solve Maxwell's equations, the evaluation of the pile foundation is close to reality and the operation is simple. , the detection results are highly reliable and easy to popularize.

为实现本发明的目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: a method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system, comprising the following steps:

步骤一、桩体成型时在圆柱桩体中心部位设置一根纵向钢筋,将其做为发射端内导体,然后将桩体的钢筋笼做为接收端外导体,发射端内导体与接收端外导体之间填充混凝土,由于混凝土具有电磁特性,将其做为电磁波传播导体媒介;Step 1. When the pile body is formed, a longitudinal steel bar is set in the center of the cylindrical pile body, which is used as the inner conductor of the transmitting end, and then the steel cage of the pile body is used as the outer conductor of the receiving end, and the inner conductor of the transmitting end and the outer conductor of the receiving end are Concrete is filled between conductors, and because of the electromagnetic properties of concrete, it is used as a conductor medium for electromagnetic wave propagation;

步骤二、将发射端内导体连接线电源,将钢筋笼外围与发射端内导体的纵向钢筋平行的纵筋作为接收良导体,将钢筋笼横向箍筋作为外围良导体,并在桩体外围安置接收器;Step 2: Connect the inner conductor of the transmitting end to the power supply, use the longitudinal reinforcement parallel to the longitudinal reinforcement of the inner conductor of the transmitting end as a good receiving conductor, and use the transverse stirrup of the reinforcing cage as a good peripheral conductor, and place it on the periphery of the pile body receiver;

步骤三、开启线电源,利用发射端内导体发射电信号,电信号激发磁信号在电磁传播导体媒介中传播,到达外围接收端外导体由接收器接受信号;Step 3: Turn on the line power supply, use the inner conductor of the transmitting end to transmit an electrical signal, the electrical signal excites the magnetic signal to propagate in the medium of the electromagnetic propagation conductor, and reaches the outer conductor of the peripheral receiving end to receive the signal by the receiver;

步骤四、根据设定好的参数,对柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组求解,即得到电磁波在桩体内的分布规律;Step 4: According to the set parameters, solve Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system to obtain the distribution law of electromagnetic waves in the pile body;

步骤五、利用接收到的电磁信号进行成像,利用有限差分计算方法进行模拟研究,使用反演方法和电磁波特性实现判定桩体内部混凝土的完整性。Step 5: Use the received electromagnetic signal for imaging, use the finite difference calculation method to conduct simulation research, and use the inversion method and electromagnetic wave characteristics to determine the integrity of the concrete inside the pile.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤二中的线电源和接收器电性连接有控制服务器、微处理器、检波器、信号解析器和开关电路,所述步骤二中线电源连接纵向钢筋的发射端内导体可使其发射出线性源电磁波。A further improvement is that: the line power supply and the receiver in the second step are electrically connected with a control server, a microprocessor, a detector, a signal analyzer and a switch circuit, and the line power supply in the second step is connected to the inner conductor of the transmitting end of the longitudinal steel bar. Can make it emit linear source electromagnetic waves.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤三中发射端内导体发射的线性源电磁波由接收端外导体传导至接收器接,每一个接收器接收不同高度的线性源电磁波的信号。A further improvement is: in the step 3, the linear source electromagnetic wave emitted by the inner conductor of the transmitting end is conducted by the outer conductor of the receiving end to the receiver connection, and each receiver receives signals of the linear source electromagnetic wave of different heights.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤四中由于桩体为圆柱体,线性源电磁波信号在柱体内部的传播遵循柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程原理,得到柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组。A further improvement is: in the fourth step, since the pile body is a cylinder, the propagation of the linear source electromagnetic wave signal inside the cylinder follows the principle of Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system, and the Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system are obtained.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤四中的参数有混凝土材料介电常数、钢筋介电常数和桩体直径。A further improvement is that: the parameters in the fourth step include the dielectric constant of concrete material, the dielectric constant of steel bars and the diameter of the pile body.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤五中利用电磁信号成像是通过电磁参数成像的原理进行反演成像,所述步骤五中的反演方法为最小二乘法,利用最小二乘法对电阻率和波形进反演成像。A further improvement is: in the step 5, the electromagnetic signal imaging is used to perform inversion imaging based on the principle of electromagnetic parameter imaging, the inversion method in the step 5 is the least square method, and the resistivity and the waveform are inverted by the least square method. Imaging.

进一步改进在于:所述步骤五中的电磁波特性指电磁波在媒介中传播有很强的电磁能量衰减,会在媒介波阻抗的分界面上产生反射的特性,从而分辨出阻抗发生变化的媒介分布。A further improvement lies in: the electromagnetic wave characteristic in the step 5 refers to the characteristic that the electromagnetic wave propagates in the medium with strong attenuation of electromagnetic energy, which will produce reflection on the interface of the medium wave impedance, so as to distinguish the medium distribution with the change of impedance.

本发明的有益效果为:本发明利用电磁波传播过程发生能量减少、绕射、折射和反射等规律现象作为理论检测桩基,可大大提高检测精度和检测效率,通过基于柱坐标系求解麦克斯韦方程组的数学工具进行分析和计算,使得对桩基的评价逼近实际,操作简单,检测结果可靠性高,易于推广。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention utilizes the law phenomena such as energy reduction, diffraction, refraction and reflection in the electromagnetic wave propagation process as the theoretical detection pile foundation, which can greatly improve the detection accuracy and detection efficiency, and solve Maxwell's equations based on the cylindrical coordinate system. The analysis and calculation of the mathematical tools makes the evaluation of the pile foundation close to the reality, the operation is simple, the reliability of the detection results is high, and it is easy to popularize.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

图1为本发明操作流程图。FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of the present invention.

图2为本发明检测结构布置俯视图。FIG. 2 is a top view of the layout of the detection structure of the present invention.

图3为本发明检测结构布置俯视主图。FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the arrangement of the detection structure of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. construction and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed to indicate or imply relative importance.

在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

根据图1、2、3所示,本实施例提供了一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,包括以下步骤:As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, this embodiment provides a method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system, including the following steps:

步骤一、桩体成型时在圆柱桩体中心部位设置一根纵向钢筋,将其做为发射端内导体,然后将桩体的钢筋笼做为接收端外导体,发射端内导体与接收端外导体之间填充混凝土,由于混凝土具有电磁特性,将其做为电磁波传播导体媒介;Step 1. When the pile body is formed, a longitudinal steel bar is set in the center of the cylindrical pile body, which is used as the inner conductor of the transmitting end, and then the steel cage of the pile body is used as the outer conductor of the receiving end, and the inner conductor of the transmitting end and the outer conductor of the receiving end are Concrete is filled between conductors, and because of the electromagnetic properties of concrete, it is used as a conductor medium for electromagnetic wave propagation;

步骤二、将发射端内导体连接线电源,将钢筋笼外围与发射端内导体的纵向钢筋平行的纵筋作为接收良导体,将钢筋笼横向箍筋作为外围良导体,并在桩体外围安置接收器;Step 2: Connect the inner conductor of the transmitting end to the power supply, use the longitudinal reinforcement parallel to the longitudinal reinforcement of the inner conductor of the transmitting end as a good receiving conductor, and use the transverse stirrup of the reinforcing cage as a good peripheral conductor, and place it on the periphery of the pile body receiver;

步骤三、开启线电源,利用发射端内导体发射电信号,电信号激发磁信号在电磁传播导体媒介中传播,到达外围接收端外导体由接收器接受信号;Step 3: Turn on the line power supply, use the inner conductor of the transmitting end to transmit an electrical signal, the electrical signal excites the magnetic signal to propagate in the medium of the electromagnetic propagation conductor, and reaches the outer conductor of the peripheral receiving end to receive the signal by the receiver;

步骤四、根据设定好的参数,对柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组求解,即得到电磁波在桩体内的分布规律;Step 4: According to the set parameters, solve Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system to obtain the distribution law of electromagnetic waves in the pile body;

步骤五、利用接收到的电磁信号进行成像,利用有限差分计算方法进行模拟研究,使用反演方法和电磁波特性实现判定桩体内部混凝土的完整性。Step 5: Use the received electromagnetic signal for imaging, use the finite difference calculation method to conduct simulation research, and use the inversion method and electromagnetic wave characteristics to determine the integrity of the concrete inside the pile.

所述步骤二中的线电源和接收器电性连接有控制服务器、微处理器、检波器、信号解析器和开关电路,所述步骤二中线电源连接纵向钢筋的发射端内导体可使其发射出线性源电磁波。The line power supply and the receiver in the second step are electrically connected with a control server, a microprocessor, a detector, a signal analyzer and a switch circuit. A linear source electromagnetic wave is emitted.

所述步骤三中发射端内导体发射的线性源电磁波由接收端外导体传导至接收器接,每一个接收器接收不同高度的线性源电磁波的信号。In the third step, the linear source electromagnetic wave emitted by the inner conductor of the transmitting end is conducted by the outer conductor of the receiving end to the receiver connection, and each receiver receives the signals of the linear source electromagnetic wave of different heights.

所述步骤四中由于桩体为圆柱体,线性源电磁波信号在柱体内部的传播遵循柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程原理,得到柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组。In the fourth step, since the pile body is a cylinder, the propagation of the linear source electromagnetic wave signal inside the cylinder follows the principle of Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system, and the Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system are obtained.

所述步骤四中的参数有混凝土材料介电常数、钢筋介电常数和桩体直径。The parameters in the fourth step are the dielectric constant of concrete material, the dielectric constant of steel bar and the diameter of the pile body.

所述步骤五中利用电磁信号成像是通过电磁参数成像的原理进行反演成像,所述步骤五中的反演方法为最小二乘法,利用最小二乘法对电阻率和波形进反演成像。In the fifth step, the electromagnetic signal imaging is used to perform inversion imaging based on the principle of electromagnetic parameter imaging. The inversion method in the fifth step is the least square method, and the resistivity and waveform are inverted and imaged by the least square method.

所述步骤五中的电磁波特性指电磁波在媒介中传播有很强的电磁能量衰减,会在媒介波阻抗的分界面上产生反射的特性,从而分辨出阻抗发生变化的媒介分布。The electromagnetic wave characteristic in the step 5 refers to the characteristic that the electromagnetic wave propagates in the medium with strong attenuation of electromagnetic energy, which will produce reflection on the interface of the medium wave impedance, so as to distinguish the medium distribution with the impedance changing.

检测时,通过桩体中心钢筋进行供电,发射线性源电磁波,电磁波通过混凝土在阻抗分界面发生衰减、反射、折射、绕射(如果桩体完整,没有裂隙、空洞等电磁波不发生上述变化),将桩体周围钢筋笼当做接收导体,在桩体外围不同的位置设置接收器和检波器接收传播的电磁信号,根据电磁信号的能量及波形进行反演计算,实现电磁波成图,以评价桩体的质量。During detection, power supply is supplied through the central steel bar of the pile body, and linear source electromagnetic waves are emitted, and the electromagnetic waves are attenuated, reflected, refracted, and diffracted at the impedance interface through the concrete (if the pile body is complete, and there are no cracks, voids, etc., the electromagnetic waves do not undergo the above changes), Take the steel cage around the pile as the receiving conductor, set up receivers and detectors at different positions around the pile to receive the propagating electromagnetic signal, perform inversion calculation according to the energy and waveform of the electromagnetic signal, and realize the electromagnetic wave mapping to evaluate the pile. the quality of.

该基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法利用电磁波传播过程发生能量减少、绕射、折射和反射等规律现象作为理论检测桩基,可大大提高检测精度和检测效率,通过基于柱坐标系求解麦克斯韦方程组的数学工具进行分析和计算,使得对桩基的评价逼近实际,操作简单,检测结果可靠性高,易于推广。The detection method of electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on the cylindrical coordinate system uses the law phenomena such as energy reduction, diffraction, refraction and reflection in the process of electromagnetic wave propagation as the theoretical detection pile foundation, which can greatly improve the detection accuracy and detection efficiency. It is a mathematical tool for solving Maxwell's equations for analysis and calculation, which makes the evaluation of pile foundations close to reality, with simple operation, high reliability of detection results, and easy promotion.

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and the descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description are only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have Various changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1.一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:1. a method for detecting an electromagnetic cast-in-place pile, a prefabricated pile based on a cylindrical coordinate system, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 步骤一、桩体成型时在圆柱桩体中心部位设置一根纵向钢筋,将其做为发射端内导体,然后将桩体的钢筋笼做为接收端外导体,发射端内导体与接收端外导体之间填充混凝土,由于混凝土具有电磁特性,将其做为电磁波传播导体媒介;Step 1. When the pile body is formed, a longitudinal steel bar is set in the center of the cylindrical pile body, which is used as the inner conductor of the transmitting end, and then the steel cage of the pile body is used as the outer conductor of the receiving end, and the inner conductor of the transmitting end and the outer conductor of the receiving end are Concrete is filled between conductors, and because of the electromagnetic properties of concrete, it is used as a conductor medium for electromagnetic wave propagation; 步骤二、将发射端内导体连接线电源,将钢筋笼外围与发射端内导体的纵向钢筋平行的纵筋作为接收良导体,将钢筋笼横向箍筋作为外围良导体,并在桩体外围安置接收器;Step 2: Connect the inner conductor of the transmitting end to the power supply, use the longitudinal reinforcement parallel to the longitudinal reinforcement of the inner conductor of the transmitting end as a good receiving conductor, and use the transverse stirrup of the reinforcing cage as a good peripheral conductor, and place it on the periphery of the pile body receiver; 步骤三、开启线电源,利用发射端内导体发射电信号,电信号激发磁信号在电磁传播导体媒介中传播,到达外围接收端外导体由接收器接受信号;Step 3: Turn on the line power supply, use the inner conductor of the transmitting end to transmit an electrical signal, the electrical signal excites the magnetic signal to propagate in the medium of the electromagnetic propagation conductor, and reaches the outer conductor of the peripheral receiving end to receive the signal by the receiver; 步骤四、根据设定好的参数,对柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组求解,即得到电磁波在桩体内的分布规律;Step 4: According to the set parameters, solve Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system to obtain the distribution law of electromagnetic waves in the pile body; 步骤五、利用接收到的电磁信号进行成像,利用有限差分计算方法进行模拟研究,使用反演方法和电磁波特性实现判定桩体内部混凝土的完整性;Step 5. Use the received electromagnetic signal to image, use the finite difference calculation method to conduct simulation research, and use the inversion method and the electromagnetic wave characteristic to realize the determination of the integrity of the concrete inside the pile; 所述步骤五中的电磁波特性指电磁波在媒介中传播有很强的电磁能量衰减,会在媒介波阻抗的分界面上产生反射的特性,从而分辨出阻抗发生变化的媒介分布。The electromagnetic wave characteristic in the step 5 refers to the characteristic that the electromagnetic wave propagates in the medium with strong attenuation of electromagnetic energy, which will produce reflection on the interface of the medium wave impedance, so as to distinguish the medium distribution with the impedance changing. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二中的线电源和接收器电性连接有控制服务器、微处理器、检波器、信号解析器和开关电路,所述步骤二中线电源连接纵向钢筋的发射端内导体可使其发射出线性源电磁波。2 . A method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system according to claim 1 , wherein the line power supply and the receiver in the second step are electrically connected with a control server and a microprocessor. 3 . , a detector, a signal analyzer and a switch circuit, and in the second step, the neutral power supply is connected to the inner conductor of the transmitting end of the longitudinal steel bar so that it can emit a linear source electromagnetic wave. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤三中发射端内导体发射的线性源电磁波由接收端外导体传导至接收器接,每一个接收器接收不同高度的线性源电磁波的信号。3. A method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 3, the linear source electromagnetic wave emitted by the inner conductor of the transmitting end is conducted to the outer conductor of the receiving end. The receiver is connected, and each receiver receives the signal of the linear source electromagnetic wave of different heights. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中由于桩体为圆柱体,线性源电磁波信号在柱体内部的传播遵循柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程原理,得到柱坐标系下麦克斯韦方程组。4. A method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 4, since the pile body is a cylinder, the linear source electromagnetic wave signal is in the interior of the cylinder. The propagation follows the principle of Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system, and the Maxwell's equations in the cylindrical coordinate system are obtained. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四中的参数有混凝土材料介电常数、钢筋介电常数和桩体直径。5. a kind of electromagnetic cast-in-place pile, prefabricated pile detection method based on cylindrical coordinate system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the parameter in described step 4 has concrete material dielectric constant, steel bar dielectric constant and pile body diameter. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于柱坐标系的电磁灌注桩、预制桩检测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤五中利用电磁信号成像是通过电磁参数成像的原理进行反演成像,所述步骤五中的反演方法为最小二乘法,利用最小二乘法对电阻率和波形进反演成像。6. A method for detecting electromagnetic cast-in-place piles and prefabricated piles based on a cylindrical coordinate system according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 5, the use of electromagnetic signal imaging is to perform inversion imaging through the principle of electromagnetic parameter imaging, The inversion method in the fifth step is the least square method, and the resistivity and waveform are inverted and imaged by the least square method.
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