CN108978740A - Drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor - Google Patents
Drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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Abstract
The invention belongs to underground structure detection technique fields, provide the drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor, for detecting the specific location of drilling internal defect of pile, after the completion of pile body fabrication of reinforcing cage, several ultrasonic sensors are fixed in designated position on steel reinforcement cage, and it is connected by data line with ground host machine, ultrasonic sensor is embedded to inside drilled pile together when pile concrete pours, after pile concrete solidification, data when transmission ultrasonic wave measures and records the sound measured every time are carried out between ultrasonic sensor, tomography is carried out when after being measured to sound, obtain the velocity of sound distribution inside drilled pile, the specific distribution of drilling internal defect of pile is obtained by velocity of sound analysis.Drilling the pile's quality checking of the invention is not necessarily to bury sound detecting pipe in drilled pile, advantageously ensures that the integrality and intensity of drilled pile pile body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground structure detection technique field, in particular to a kind of brill based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor
Hole the pile's quality checking method.
Background technique
Drilled pile is one of common foundation pile type of building, and effect is that upper load is reached to the carrying of underground higher depth
The good soil layer of performance, to meet the requirement of bearing capacity and sedimentation.In drilled pile construction quality control procedure, pile body integrity
Inspection is an important item controlled.Currently used pile defect detection method mainly have core drilling method, dynamic test for pile foundation method with
And sound wave transmission method etc..Core drilling method, which belongs to, damages detection, and is only capable of to the architecture quality in range very limited around drill core hole
It makes an explanation, and cannot reflect the defect distribution of pile body comprehensively；Dynamic test for pile foundation is owned by France in non-destructive testing, it is to sense elastic wave
Device is fixed on pile crown, by stake top exciting, determines pile defect using propagation of the elastic wave in pile body and principle of reflection
And its position, but such methods require stake top plane must be vertical with stake axis, are not suitable for taper pile, and lack to pile body superficial part
It falls into or tiny flaw is difficult to and differentiates, while when foundation pile draw ratio is excessive, Pile side soil modulus of shearing is higher, pile bottom reflection
Signal is fainter, and when stake top is there are when works, not only stake top exciting is difficult, and the interference signal that stake top works generates more increases
The difficulty of signal identification and resolution is added.
Sound wave transmission method is the pre-buried sound detecting pipe of vertical direction in pile body, by ultrasonic wave before foundation pile pore-forming, grouting pile-forming
Transmitter and receiver are respectively placed in two adjacent sound detecting pipes, and are examined point by point from bottom to top along the longitudinal of stake with a fixed spacing
It surveys, position, range and the degree of defect is inferred using the velocity of sound difference of pile defect position and intact position.However this method
With certain limitation: firstly, pile concrete pours to be easy to cause is fixed on steel reinforcement cage in advance during sound detecting pipe is embedded
On sound detecting pipe bending deformation, blocking even be broken, cause ultrasonic probe cannot be introduced into；Secondly, ultrasonic measurement is only capable of
It is carried out in pre-buried sound detecting pipe, data volume is less than normal, influences the discrimination precision to defect；Finally, ultrasonic probe is in sound detecting pipe
Transmitting and receive signal, generally use water in sound detecting pipe as couplant, but the nature difference of water and concrete will lead to it is super
Sound wave is reflected in interface, into the energy dropoff in pile body, influences investigation depth of the ultrasonic wave in concrete.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of existing drilled pile defect detecting technique, provide a kind of based on distributed super
The drilled pile quality determining method of sonic sensor.Realization of the invention is completed by following technical scheme:
Technical solution of the present invention:
Drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor, for detecting the tool of drilling internal defect of pile
Body position, after pile body steel reinforcement cage 2 completes, several ultrasonic sensors 3 are fixed in designated position on steel reinforcement cage 2, and
It is connected by data line 4 with ground host machine 5, ultrasonic sensor 3 is embedded in drilled pile 1 together when pile concrete pours
Portion, after pile concrete solidification, when progress transmission ultrasonic wave measures and records the sound measured every time between ultrasonic sensor 3
Data carry out tomography when after being measured to sound, obtain the velocity of sound distribution inside drilled pile 1, obtained by velocity of sound analysis
The specific distribution of 1 internal flaw of drilled pile.
The drilled pile 1 is conventional cast-in-situ bored pile, is not limited to that a diameter, stake be long and the restraint condition of soil around pile.
Designated position on the steel reinforcement cage 2 refers to a series of horizontal planes along stake axis from stake top to stake bottom, these water
Plane divides drilled pile 1 for several cylindrical regions.
The cylindrical region, is by upper and lower two bottom surfaces (i.e. a series of horizontal planes) and a side is (i.e.
Stake week) composition, basal diameter is stake diameter D, and the height h of cylindrical body is according to 3 detection range of ultrasonic sensor and site operation feelings
Condition determines, is not limited to specific height of column, but should meet h≤Dtan30 °.
The ultrasonic sensor 3, is arranged on the boundary of upper and lower bottom surface of cylindrical region, is fixed on steel reinforcement cage 2
Inside, and can should emit and receive ultrasonic wave simultaneously, 3 quantity of ultrasonic sensor on each bottom surface according to imaging precision and
Site operation situation determines.
The host 5 mainly records and analyzes the signal data fed back by ultrasonic sensor 3, passes through
Data line 4 is connected with the communication ends of ultrasonic sensor 3.
The transmission ultrasonic wave measurement, refers to each cylindrical region, all ultrasonic sensors 3 of upper bottom surface
It is responsible for transmitting simultaneously and receives ultrasonic wave, and all ultrasonic sensors 3 of bottom surface are merely responsible for receiving ultrasonic wave；That is: upper bottom
First ultrasonic sensor 3 in face emits ultrasonic wave, coplanar interior remaining ultrasonic sensor (measurement in layer) and bottom
All ultrasonic sensors (interlayer measurement) in face receive ultrasonic wave, and then the transmitting of the second of upper bottom surface ultrasonic sensor is super
Sound wave, all ultrasonic sensors (interlayer measurement) of coplanar interior remaining ultrasonic sensor (measurement in layer) and bottom surface
Ultrasonic wave is received, and so on, until all ultrasonic sensors of upper bottom surface all emitted ultrasonic wave, both completed
Measurement to the region.According to the method, it pushes up from drilled pile 1 to stake bottom and transmission ultrasonic wave successively is carried out to each cylindrical region
Measurement.
When the described sound, refer to that ultrasonic wave reaches the time required for receiving sensor from emission sensor.
The tomography, i.e. elastic wave tomography carry out inverting when referring to the sound obtained according to ultrasonic scanning
It calculates, the image of the drilled pile velocity of sound regularity of distribution is rebuild, to infer the algorithm of 1 exceptions area of drilled pile；When drilled pile knot
When structure is complete, ultrasonic velocity distribution obtained is more uniform, and acoustic velocity value is higher；When a certain position existing defects of drilled pile
When, acoustic velocity value herein is significantly lower than other positions, that is, there is low-velocity anomal area, thus according to the position, big in low-velocity anomal area
Small and shape can make specific judgement to the defects of pile body.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: without burying sound detecting pipe in drilled pile, the complete of drilled pile pile body is advantageously ensured that
Property and intensity；Ultrasonic sensor is directly cast in pile concrete, first without carrying out continuance lifting in detection process
Operation, alleviate the workload of detection and improve the efficiency of detection, second due to being previously determined ultrasonic sensor
Rational position avoids transmitter in the prior art and receiver raised position inaccuracy and causes to receive asking for Signal Fail
Topic, three coupling performances between ultrasonic sensor and concrete are more preferable, reduce the decaying of ultrasonic wave, improve detection essence
Degree；Distributed ultrasound wave sensor considerably increases the setting of the data volume of acquisition, upper bottom surface so that data cover face is wider,
Thus imaging precision is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is distributed ultrasound wave sensor arrangement schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is to carry out transmission ultrasonic wave instrumentation plan to a certain region of cylindrical body in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is data screening schematic diagram when measuring Fig. 2 interlayer gained sound；
In figure: 1 drilled pile；2 steel reinforcement cages；3 ultrasonic sensors；4 data lines；5 hosts；6 surveys line；A~H cylindrical body area
Domain.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Referring to Fig.1-3, the drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor that this example provides, including
Following steps:
(1) after the completion of the steel reinforcement cage 2 of drilled pile 1 is bound, several ultrasonic sensors 3 are fixed on steel reinforcement cage 2.Ultrasound
Wave sensor 3 should be pasted onto the designated position of steel reinforcement cage 2 using epoxy resin, if needing along a certain plane annular arrangement of steel reinforcement cage
Wanting the position of mounting ultrasonic sensor 3 does not have reinforcing bar, and a reinforcing bar can be welded at this and is auxiliarily fixed.
(2) referring to Fig.1, in the present embodiment, the arrangement of ultrasonic sensor 3 are as follows: 1 meter following from 1 top of drilled pile
Depth starts, at interval of the depth for being not more than Dtan30 °, one circle ultrasonic sensor 3 of horizontal annular arrangement, until reinforcing bar
The bottommost of cage 2.In the present embodiment, stake diameter D is 1.2m, and cylinder height h should be not more than Dtan30 °=0.69m, then take h
=0.5m, thus drilled pile 1 is divided into 8 cylindrical body detection zones by ultrasonic sensor 3, and number is A~H.
(3) in the present embodiment, 10 ultrasonic sensors 3 are placed in each cylindrical body bottom surface, record in detail each super
The number of sonic sensor 3 and its position in drilled pile 1.
(4) each ultrasonic sensor 3 is connected to the host 5 positioned at ground location with data line 4, data line 4 is laid
It should be close to the longitudinal reinforcement or stirrup of steel reinforcement cage 2, and carry out reliably protecting, avoid when carrying out concreting to drilled pile 1
Damage data line 4.Data line 4 should check again for after the completion of laying, and be acquired data test using host 5, it is ensured that be connected into
The data line 4 of host 5 and the number one-to-one correspondence and ultrasonic sensor 3 of ultrasonic sensor 3 can work normally.
(5) it carries out the construction of drilled pile 1: steel reinforcement cage 1, and casting concrete is installed in drilling.Concreting is completed
Ultrasonic sensor 3 is just wholly embedded into inside drilled pile 1 afterwards, and the data line 4 for only connecting each ultrasonic sensor 3 exposes ground
Face is connected to host 5.
(6) after 1 concrete setting of stake hole to be drilled (7 days), each supersonic sensing is checked again for using (4) the method
Can device 3 work normally, and record number and its present position of the ultrasonic sensor 3 of damage.
(7) transmission ultrasonic wave measurement is carried out to each cylindrical region, referring to Fig. 2, the present embodiment is with cylindrical region A
Example.Transmission ultrasonic wave measurement is divided into two parts: first is that carrying out surveying in layer between all ultrasonic sensors 3 of upper bottom surface
Amount；Second is that all ultrasonic sensors 3 through upper bottom surface successively emit ultrasonic wave, by all ultrasonic sensors 3 of bottom surface
It receives ultrasonic wave and carries out interlayer measurement, thus can guarantee entire cylindrical region by ultrasonic wave all standing.Specific steps are as follows: 1.
Emit ultrasonic wave since any one ultrasonic sensor 3 of the region upper bottom surface, other are in same with emission sensor
All ultrasonic sensors 3 of plane receive ultrasonic wave, the expression that the path from emission sensor to receiving sensor can be vivid
For a survey line 6；2. second ultrasonic sensor 3 of upper bottom surface starts to emit ultrasonic wave, other are in emission sensor
Conplane all ultrasonic sensors 3 receive ultrasonic wave, and so on complete measurement in the layer of upper bottom surface；3. from upper bottom surface
Any one ultrasonic sensor 3 start to emit ultrasonic wave, all ultrasonic sensors 3 of bottom surface receive ultrasonic wave；④
Second ultrasonic sensor 3 of upper bottom surface starts to emit ultrasonic wave, and all ultrasonic sensors 3 of bottom surface receive ultrasound
Wave, and so on complete the interlayer measurement of upper and lower bottom surface.Thus the measurement to the region is just completed.
(8) according to (7) the method, transmission ultrasonic wave measurement is carried out to all cylindrical regions of drilled pile 1, is obtained every
Data in the layer of a cylindrical region and when interlayer sound.
(9) it before data carry out tomography to each cylindrical region when using the sound of all acquisitions, needs to it
In interlayer sound when data screened.When a certain reception ultrasonic sensor 3 of cylindrical body bottom surface and transmitting supersonic sensing
When 3 midpoint line angle with horizontal plane of device is not more than 30 °, data when retaining sound received by the reception ultrasonic sensor 3,
And abandon cylindrical body bottom surface and be unsatisfactory for data when the reception 3 obtained sound of ultrasonic sensor of the requirement, referring to Fig. 3.Benefit
Inversion Calculation is carried out with data when effective sound of each cylindrical region, establishes the velocity of sound distribution of each cylindrical region.To own
The velocity of sound distribution of cylindrical region carries out splicing and can be obtained the velocity of sound regularity of distribution image of drilled pile 1, and carries out the velocity of sound accordingly
Analysis, by the velocity of sound be distributed in the position in low-velocity anomal area, size and shape judge the distribution and situation of pile defect.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of drilled pile quality determining method based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor, for detecting drilling internal defect of pile
Specific location, which is characterized in that after pile body steel reinforcement cage (2) completes, several are fixed in designated position on steel reinforcement cage (2)
Ultrasonic sensor (3), and be connected by data line (4) with ground host machine (5), ultrasonic sensor (3) is in pile concrete
It is internal that drilled pile (1) is embedded to when pouring together, after pile concrete solidification, carries out ultrasonic wave between ultrasonic sensor (3)
The data when sound that transmission measurement and record measure every time, carry out tomography when after being measured to sound, obtain in drilled pile (1)
The velocity of sound in portion is distributed, and the specific distribution of drilled pile (1) internal flaw is obtained by velocity of sound analysis；
Designated position on the steel reinforcement cage (2) refers to a series of horizontal planes along stake axis from stake top to stake bottom, these are horizontal
Drilled pile (1) is divided into several cylindrical regions by face；
The cylindrical region is a series of horizontal planes and a side i.e. stake week group i.e. described by upper and lower two bottom surfaces
At basal diameter is stake diameter D, and the height h of cylindrical body is true according to ultrasonic sensor (3) detection range and site operation situation
It is fixed, it is not limited to specific height of column, but h≤Dtan30 ° should be met；
The ultrasonic sensor (3), is arranged on the boundary of upper and lower bottom surface of cylindrical region, is fixed on steel reinforcement cage (2)
Inside, and should simultaneously can emit and receive ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic sensor (3) quantity on each bottom surface is according to imaging precision
It is determined with site operation situation；
The host (5) mainly records and analyzes the signal data fed back by ultrasonic sensor (3), passes through
Data line (4) is connected with the communication ends of ultrasonic sensor (3)；
The transmission ultrasonic wave measurement refers to that, to each cylindrical region, all ultrasonic sensors (3) of upper bottom surface are same
When be responsible for emit and receive ultrasonic wave, and all ultrasonic sensors (3) of bottom surface be merely responsible for receive ultrasonic wave；That is: upper bottom
First ultrasonic sensor (3) in face emits ultrasonic wave, and coplanar interior remaining ultrasonic sensor and bottom surface own
Ultrasonic sensor receive ultrasonic wave, then the second of upper bottom surface ultrasonic sensor emit ultrasonic wave, it is coplanar in its
All ultrasonic sensors of remaining ultrasonic sensor and bottom surface receive ultrasonic wave, and so on, until owning for upper bottom surface
Until ultrasonic sensor all emitted ultrasonic wave, the measurement to the region had both been completed；According to the method, from drilled pile
(1) top to stake bottom successively carries out transmission ultrasonic wave measurement to each cylindrical region；
When the described sound, the time required to referring to that ultrasonic wave reaches receiving sensor from emission sensor；
The tomography, i.e. elastic wave tomography carry out Inversion Calculation when referring to the sound obtained according to ultrasonic scanning,
The image of the drilled pile velocity of sound regularity of distribution is rebuild, to infer the algorithm of drilled pile (1) exceptions area；When drilling pilework is complete
When whole, ultrasonic velocity distribution obtained is more uniform, and acoustic velocity value is higher；When a certain position existing defects of drilled pile,
Acoustic velocity value herein be significantly lower than other positions, that is, there is low-velocity anomal area, thus according to the position in low-velocity anomal area, size and
Shape can make specific judgement to the defects of pile body.
2. the drilled pile quality determining method according to claim 1 based on distributed ultrasound wave sensor, feature exist
It is conventional cast-in-situ bored pile in, the drilled pile (1), is not limited to that a diameter, stake be long and the restraint condition of soil around pile.
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| CN109487772A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of sound detecting pipe distribution method of air bubble mix light-textured soil roadbed |
| CN110080315A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-02 | 李鑫恺 | A kind of expanding integrity test technique of foundation pile and instrument |
| CN110346172A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | A kind of concrete drill core sampling system |
| CN110656665A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏大学 | Automatic detection system and method for multi-pipeline ultrasonic nondestructive detection and three-dimensional modeling positioning dead pixel |
| CN111456114A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Method for detecting thickness of pile body steel bar protection layer |
| CN112832301A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 成都理工大学 | Electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and precast pile detection method based on cylindrical coordinate system |
| CN113012099A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-22 | 魏双玉 | Reinforcing cage shape inspection system applying uniform-speed rotation |
| CN113916981A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-11 | 大连理工大学 | Self-creeping type deep water pile foundation nondestructive testing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109487772A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-19 | 河海大学 | A kind of sound detecting pipe distribution method of air bubble mix light-textured soil roadbed |
| CN111456114A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2020-07-28 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Method for detecting thickness of pile body steel bar protection layer |
| CN111456114B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Method for detecting thickness of pile body steel bar protection layer |
| CN110080315A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-08-02 | 李鑫恺 | A kind of expanding integrity test technique of foundation pile and instrument |
| CN110346172A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-18 | 徐州工业职业技术学院 | A kind of concrete drill core sampling system |
| CN110656665A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-01-07 | 江苏大学 | Automatic detection system and method for multi-pipeline ultrasonic nondestructive detection and three-dimensional modeling positioning dead pixel |
| CN110656665B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-08-20 | 江苏大学 | Automatic detection system and method for multi-pipeline ultrasonic nondestructive detection and three-dimensional modeling positioning dead pixel |
| CN112832301A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 成都理工大学 | Electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and precast pile detection method based on cylindrical coordinate system |
| CN112832301B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-05-17 | 成都理工大学 | Electromagnetic cast-in-place pile and precast pile detection method based on cylindrical coordinate system |
| CN113012099A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-22 | 魏双玉 | Reinforcing cage shape inspection system applying uniform-speed rotation |
| CN113916981A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2022-01-11 | 大连理工大学 | Self-creeping type deep water pile foundation nondestructive testing device |
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