CN112827460B - Three-stage differential double-helix synthetic cracking reaction device with accurately regulated physical properties - Google Patents
Three-stage differential double-helix synthetic cracking reaction device with accurately regulated physical properties Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-stage differential double-helix synthesis and cracking reaction device with precise physical property regulation and control, which comprises a left differential double-helix cracking device, a right differential double-helix cracking device, a product recovery device and a sampling analysis device. The invention forms differential cracking by controlling left and right external screw and main screw through motor. The four sampling ports can sample and detect at any time, so that the physical property parameters can be accurately analyzed, regulated and controlled; the differential double helix cracking device ensures that the materials do not enter the inner helix and the right outer helix due to differential speed through reverse helix; the telescopic plunger piston builds pressure on the material, the problem that the double-support screw device is difficult to build pressure is solved, and a discharging switch is controlled; the sampling device adopts a gear pump sealing structure, and self-sealing is formed while sampling; the special damping sealing structure capable of being detached vertically guarantees downward discharging and is convenient to install. The invention can realize continuous and efficient cracking, improve the treatment efficiency, and realize the purposes of accurately regulating and controlling physical parameters and reducing energy consumption by regulating and controlling the rotating speed of the three-level screw and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of precise regulation and control of physical property parameters, in particular relates to a three-stage differential double-helix synthesis and cracking reaction device applied to the field of spiral cracking and relates to precise regulation and control of physical properties.
Background
In recent years, the development of science and technology is gradually advanced, and it is important to precisely regulate and control physical parameters of materials. Especially in the field of spiral cracking, the control of physical properties such as molecular weight and viscosity of materials is particularly critical to the development of cracking technology. The cracking technology is widely used due to the factors of no environmental pollution, high treatment efficiency, high material shrinkage and the like. However, the current cracking equipment can not realize real-time detection of material parameters and accurate regulation and control of materials.
At present, the cracking device has some defects in the aspects of cracking efficiency, energy conservation and accurate regulation and control of physical property parameters of materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a three-stage differential double-helix synthesis and cracking reaction device with precise physical property regulation, which can realize high-efficiency continuous cracking, control the cracking rate of materials, precisely regulate and control physical property parameters of the materials, improve the cracking efficiency and save energy.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the invention:
the utility model provides a three-level differential double helix synthesis pyrolysis reaction device of accurate regulation and control of rerum natura which characterized in that: left differential double helix cracker includes: the device comprises a left outer spiral motor (1), a left outer spiral reduction gearbox (2), a left outer spiral seal box (3), a left outer spiral coupler (4), a labyrinth seal (5), a left differential outer spiral (6), a reaction kettle feeding device (7), a main spiral (8) and a machine barrel (9). The double helix cracker of right differential includes: the device comprises a right differential outer screw (16), a telescopic plunger (19), a kick-out device (21), a right outer screw gear set (22), a damping sealing structure (20), a right outer screw motor (25), an inner screw coupling (24), an inner screw sealing box (23), an inner screw reduction box (26) and an inner screw motor (27).
The product recovery device comprises: no. 1 exhaust port (10), no. 2 exhaust port (13), no. 3 exhaust port (14), no. 4 exhaust port (15), discharge gate (17), collection box (18), condenser (29), clarifier (30), pipeline (28).
The thief hatch (12) sealing device includes: a sample port gear pump (36) and a capillary analyzer (37).
The reaction kettle feeding device (7) is connected with the machine barrel (9). The left outer spiral motor (1) is connected with the left outer spiral reduction box (2), and the output shaft of the left outer spiral reduction box (2) is connected with the left differential outer spiral (6) in the left outer spiral sealing box (3) through a left outer spiral coupling (4). An inner spiral motor (27) is connected with an inner spiral reduction box (26), and an output shaft of the inner spiral reduction box (26) is connected with the main spiral (8) through an inner spiral coupler (24) in the inner spiral sealing box (23). The left differential outer screw (6) is sleeved on the main screw (8) through a labyrinth seal (5), and the machine barrel (9) is sleeved outside the outer screw and the main screw (8). The machine barrel (9) is respectively provided with a No. 1 exhaust port (10), a No. 2 exhaust port (13), a No. 3 exhaust port (14) and a No. 4 exhaust port (15), the four exhaust ports are respectively communicated with four different pipelines, the other ends of the four pipelines are communicated with the condenser (29), and the condenser (29) is connected with the purifier (30). The tail end of the main spiral (8) is provided with a discharge hole (17). The right outer spiral motor (25) is connected with the right outer spiral gear set (22), and the right outer spiral gear set (22) is connected with the right differential outer spiral (16). The hydraulic plunger cylinder (22) is arranged outside the right differential external screw (16) and in the cylinder (9). The damping sealing structure (20) is arranged outside the right differential external screw (16) and in the machine barrel (9). Four sampling ports (12) are arranged at the lower part of the machine barrel in sequence, and a sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with a capillary analyzer (37).
The material enters a three-stage differential double helix synthesis and cracking reaction device from a reaction kettle feeding device (7)
The physical parameters of different materials are different, so the double-helix cracking device adopts a three-stage differential helix design, and a helix system is divided into a left differential outer helix (9), a right differential outer helix (16) and a main helix (8). The left differential outer screw (6) and the right differential outer screw (16) are hollow structures, and are divided into three parts along the diameter direction, namely an outer reverse screw thread section, a grid type discharging section (35) and a kick-out device (21), the left differential outer screw (6) is sleeved on a forward spiral anti-reflux screw thread (31) and a reverse spiral anti-reflux screw thread (32) of a main screw (8), the right differential outer screw (16) is sleeved on a forward spiral stable section (34) of the main screw (8), the outer diameter of the left differential outer screw (6) is 5 to 6 times of the diameter of a mandrel of the main screw (8), and the right differential outer screw (16) is a reverse screw, so that materials are blocked and enter the main screw (8). The outer diameter is 6 to 7 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main screw (8), and the hollow inner diameter of the left differential outer screw (6) is 2 to 3 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main screw (8); the hollow inner diameter of the right differential outer screw (16) is 4 to 5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main screw (8).
The material enters into the left differential outer spiral (6) to mix in the machine barrel, the main spiral (8) is divided into four parts, and the material inlet to the material outlet (17) comprises: a forward spiral anti-reflux thread (31), a reverse spiral anti-reflux thread (32), a forward spiral compression cracking section (33) and a forward spiral stabilizing section (34). The positive spiral anti-reflux thread (31) is 0.05 to 0.1 time of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8); the length of the reverse spiral anti-reflux thread (32) is 0.05 to 0.1 times of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8). The forward spiral anti-reflux thread (31) and the reverse spiral anti-reflux thread (32) are used for realizing differential cracking, and simultaneously, materials do not enter the main spiral (8) by utilizing the reverse spiral. The length of the forward spiral compression cracking section (33) is 0.7 to 0.75 times of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 4 to 5 times of the diameter of a mandrel of the main spiral (8); the material is subjected to cracking reaction mainly in this stage. The positive spiral stabilizing section (34) is 0.05 to 0.2 times of the total length of the main spiral (8), the outer diameter is 1.8 to 2.0 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8), and the material is finally cracked completely through the positive spiral stabilizing section (34). The spindle of the main spiral (8) is hollow. The tail end of a spindle of the main screw (8) is connected with an output shaft of an internal screw reduction box (26) through an internal screw coupler (24) in an internal screw sealing box (23).
Four air vents are arranged on the machine barrel (9), and comprise a No. 1 air vent (10), a No. 2 air vent (13), a No. 3 air vent (14) and a No. 4 air vent (15), the four air vents are respectively communicated with one ends of four different pipelines, and the other ends of the four pipelines are communicated with a condenser (29) and a purifier (30). The cracked gas is fed to a condenser (29) and a purifier (30).
A left differential external screw (6), and a central cavity of the mandrel is cylindrical. The left differential outer screw (6) is connected with the machine barrel (9) through a mechanical seal, and the front end of the left outer screw (9) is connected with an output shaft of the left outer screw reduction box (2) through a left outer screw coupling (4) in a left outer screw seal box (3).
The right differential outer screw (16), the right outer screw gear set (22) is connected with the right differential outer screw (16), and the right outer screw motor (25) is connected with the right outer screw gear set (22) and provides power to drive the right differential outer screw (16) to rotate. The kick-out device (21) is arranged outside the right differential external screw (16), in the machine barrel (9) and on the right side of the damping sealing structure (20). The pyrolysis product of the material entering the right side of the charging barrel enters the discharge hole (17) under the action of the kick-out device (21).
The damping material sealing structure is arranged in the machine barrel (9), the right side of the thread termination line of the right differential outer screw (16) is connected with the machine barrel and is of a structure capable of floating up and down, so that when the right differential outer screw (16) rotates, the material is ensured to be discharged at a discharge port (17) below all the time. The up-and-down floating enables the equipment to be installed more conveniently.
The telescopic plunger (19) has the following structure: a telescopic plunger (19) is mounted inside the right differential external screw (16) and outside the main screw (8), and the plunger reciprocates between the two. When the right differential outer screw (16) rotates, the telescopic plunger works to provide certain pressure for the materials of the main screw (8), and the problem that the double-support screw equipment cannot build pressure is solved. Meanwhile, the reciprocating motion of the telescopic plunger (19) also controls the opening and closing of the discharge hole (17).
The cylinder (9) is provided with four sampling ports, a sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with the cylinder (9), and the sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with a capillary analyzer (37). The sampling port gear pump (36) stops, the materials form a sealing condition in the sampling port gear pump (36), the sampling port gear pump (36) operates, and the materials enter the capillary tube analyzer (37) for sampling under the gear overturning effect of the sampling port gear pump (36).
The tail end of the main screw (8) is provided with a discharge hole (17), and a recovery box (18) is arranged below the discharge hole (17)
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-stage differential double helix synthetic cracking reactor with precisely controlled physical properties according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the main spiral (8);
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a three-stage differential internal and external screw structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a damping seal configuration (20);
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the construction of the right differential outer screw (16);
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the sampling port (12);
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Example one
The reaction kettle feeding device (7) enables materials to enter the machine barrel (9) to enter the left differential outer spiral (6), the materials are pushed by the left differential outer spiral (6) to be mixed and preheated while moving forwards, meanwhile, in the transportation process, the materials enter the forward spiral anti-reflux threads (31) and the reverse spiral anti-reflux threads (32) of the main spiral (8) from the left end and the right end of the left differential outer spiral (6), and due to the effect of the reverse spiral, the materials are subjected to differential cracking and prevented from flowing back to the main spiral (8). The material then enters the forward screw compression cracking stage (33) of the main screw (8). The material is fully preheated in the left differential external screw (6) and then enters the forward screw compression cracking section (33) of the main screw (8) for quick cracking.
Firstly, a left outer spiral motor (1), a right outer spiral motor (25) and an inner spiral motor (27) are turned on, a double-helix cracking device is started, and a purifier (30) and a condenser (29) are started.
And then, setting the temperature of each subarea, starting feeding when the temperature of each subarea is raised to a proper temperature, opening a valve, and feeding the materials into a machine barrel (9) from a reaction kettle feeding device (7) to realize sealing.
The material enters a machine barrel (9) from a reaction kettle feeding device (7), firstly enters a left differential outer spiral (6), the outer spiral has large material capacity and slow rotating speed, the heating temperature is 150-200 ℃, the material can be uniformly mixed and preheated in the outer spiral, about 5-10% of the material in the section is pyrolyzed, and pyrolysis gas is discharged from a No. 1 exhaust port (10). The reverse screw of the main screw (8) prevents the material from entering the forward screw reverse flow prevention screw thread (31) and the reverse screw reverse flow prevention screw thread (32). The air inside the cylinder (9) is extracted through a No. 1 exhaust port (10), a No. 2 exhaust port (13), a No. 3 exhaust port (14) and a No. 4 exhaust port (15).
Then the material in the left differential external screw (6) enters a forward screw compression cracking section (33), the heating temperature in the region is 200-350 ℃, the material starts to be pyrolyzed rapidly after entering the forward screw compression cracking section (33), a large amount of gas is separated out, the volume of the material shrinks and generates a large amount of carbon slag, the separated gas is discharged from a No. 2 exhaust port (13) and a No. 3 exhaust port (14), and about 60-70% of the material in the section is pyrolyzed.
The further material enters a forward spiral stabilizing section (34), the heating temperature in the forward spiral stabilizing section (34) is 350-400 ℃, the material is fully subjected to the pyrolysis reaction in the forward spiral stabilizing section (34), and the rest of uncracked material is cracked. At the moment, the right external screw motor (25) provides power for the right differential external screw (16), and the design of the reverse screw of the right differential external screw (16) ensures that the materials enter the positive screw stable section (34) of the main screw (8) as far as possible. The hydraulic plunger works to provide certain pressure for the material of the right differential outer screw (17), the problem that the pressure cannot be built in the double-support screw device is solved, the plunger moves to be a switch of the discharge port (17), the discharge port (17) is opened when the plunger is at the right end, and the slag hole is closed when the plunger is at the left end. The gases are discharged at vent 4 (15), where about 10 to 15% of the material is pyrolyzed.
When right differential external screw thread (16) rotated, discharge gate (17) also can be along with rotating, and damping seals material structure (20) can make residues such as material schizolysis sediment can not follow the ejection of compact of barrel (9) top, considers the device installation problem, and this seals material structure (20) is for dismantling from top to bottom, easy to assemble.
Any one sample connection gear pump (36) can be opened at any time, the gear pump motor stops, the materials are stacked on the gears to form a sealing condition, the sample connection gear pump (36) operates, the materials fall out under the overturning effect of the sample connection (12) gears, and enter a capillary analyzer (37) to realize online detection of material physical property parameters.
The material is completely pyrolyzed at the moment, and the rest of the material between the screw grooves falls into a recovery box (18) from a discharge hole (17).
The cracked and separated gas is sucked into a pipeline (28) and then enters a condenser (29), and the non-condensable waste gas enters a purifier (26) and then is discharged.
Claims (5)
1. A three-stage differential double-helix synthesis cracking reaction device with accurately regulated physical properties comprises a left differential double-helix cracking device, a right differential double-helix cracking device, a product recovery device, a sampling port sealing device and a reaction kettle feeding device; the method is characterized in that: left differential double helix cracker includes: the device comprises a left outer spiral motor (1), a left outer spiral reduction box (2), a left outer spiral sealing box (3), a left outer spiral coupling (4), a labyrinth seal (5), a left differential outer spiral (6), a reaction kettle feeding device (7), a main spiral (8) and a machine barrel (9); the double helix cracker of right differential includes: the device comprises a right differential outer screw (16), a telescopic plunger (19), a kick-out device (21), a right outer screw gear set (22), a damping sealing structure (20), a right outer screw motor (25), an inner screw coupling (24), an inner screw sealing box (23), an inner screw reduction box (26) and an inner screw motor (27);
the product recovery apparatus comprises: a No. 1 exhaust port (10), a No. 2 exhaust port (13), a No. 3 exhaust port (14), a No. 4 exhaust port (15), a discharge port (17), a recovery box (18), a condenser (29), a purifier (30) and a pipeline (28);
the thief hatch sealing device includes: a sampling port (12), a sampling port gear pump (36), a capillary analyzer (37);
the reaction kettle feeding device (7) is connected with the machine barrel (9), and materials enter the three-stage differential double-helix synthesis cracking reaction device from the reaction kettle feeding device (7);
the left outer spiral motor (1) is connected with the left outer spiral reduction box (2), and the output shaft of the left outer spiral reduction box (2) is connected with a left differential outer spiral (6) through a left outer spiral coupling (4) in a left outer spiral sealing box (3); an internal spiral motor (27) is connected with an internal spiral reduction box (26), and an output shaft of the internal spiral reduction box (26) is connected with the main spiral (8) through an internal spiral coupler (24) in the internal spiral sealing box (23); the left differential outer screw (6) is sleeved on the main screw (8) through a labyrinth seal (5), and the machine barrel (9) is sleeved outside the outer screw and the main screw (8); the materials enter into a left differential external screw (6) in a machine barrel to be mixed;
a cylinder (9) is respectively provided with a No. 1 exhaust port (10), a No. 2 exhaust port (13), a No. 3 exhaust port (14) and a No. 4 exhaust port (15), the four exhaust ports are respectively communicated with one ends of four different pipelines, the other ends of the four pipelines are communicated with a condenser (29), and the condenser (29) is connected with a purifier (30);
the tail end of the main spiral is provided with a discharge hole (17); the right outer spiral gear set (22) is connected with the right differential outer spiral (16), and the right outer spiral motor (25) is connected with the right outer spiral gear set (22) and provides power to drive the right differential outer spiral (16) to rotate;
the damping sealing structure (20) is arranged outside the right differential outer screw (16) and in the machine barrel (9), is connected with the thread stop position of the right differential outer screw (16), and is provided with a grid-shaped discharge hole; when the right differential outer screw (16) rotates, the materials are only discharged from a discharge hole (17) below the machine barrel, and the structure of the material discharging device is movable up and down;
the kick-out device (21) is arranged outside the right differential speed outer screw (16) and in the machine barrel (9) and is positioned on the right side of the damping material sealing structure (20); four sampling ports are sequentially arranged at the lower part of the machine barrel, and a sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with a capillary tube analyzer (37);
the telescopic plunger (19) is arranged inside the right differential outer spiral (16) and outside the main spiral (8), and when the right differential outer spiral (16) rotates, the telescopic plunger works to provide certain pressure for the materials of the main spiral (8); meanwhile, the reciprocating motion of the telescopic plunger (19) also controls the opening and closing of the discharge hole (17);
the main screw (8) is divided into four parts, comprising from the feed end to the tapping end: a forward spiral anti-reflux thread (31), a reverse spiral anti-reflux thread (32), a forward spiral compression cracking section (33) and a forward spiral stabilizing section (34); the left differential outer screw (6) is sleeved on the forward spiral anti-reflux screw thread (31) and the reverse spiral anti-reflux screw thread (32) of the main screw (8); the right differential external screw (16) is of a hollow structure and is divided into three parts along the axial direction, namely an external reverse thread section, a grid type discharging section (35) and a kick-out device (21); the right differential outer screw (16) is sleeved on the positive screw stable section (34) of the main screw (8), and the right differential outer screw (16) is a reverse screw;
the central shaft of the main screw (8) is of a hollow structure, the middle cavity of the central shaft is cylindrical, the diameter of the cavity is 0.1 to 0.3 times of that of the central shaft, the front end of the central shaft is connected with a left differential outer screw (6) through a labyrinth seal (5), the left differential outer screw (6) is connected with a machine barrel (9) through a mechanical seal, and the front end of the left differential outer screw (6) is connected with an output shaft of a left outer screw reduction gearbox (2) through a left outer screw coupling (4) in a left outer screw seal box (3); the tail end of a mandrel of the main screw (8) is connected with an output shaft of an internal screw reduction box (26) through an internal screw coupling (24) in an internal screw sealing box (23).
2. The three-stage differential double helix synthetic cracking reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the positive spiral anti-reflux thread (31) is 0.05 to 0.1 time of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8); the length of the reverse spiral anti-reflux thread (32) is 0.05 to 0.1 time of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8); the length of the forward spiral compression cracking section (33) is 0.7 to 0.75 time of the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 4 to 5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8); the positive spiral stabilizing section (34) is 0.05 to 0.2 times the total length of the main spiral (8), and the outer diameter is 1.8 to 2.0 times the diameter of the spindle of the main spiral (8).
3. The three-stage differential double helix synthetic cracking reaction device of claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the left differential outer screw (6) is 5 to 6 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main screw (8), and the hollow inner diameter of the left differential outer screw (6) is 2 to 3 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main screw (8).
4. The three-stage differential double helix synthetic cracking reaction device according to claim 1, wherein: the outer diameter of the right differential outer spiral (16) is 6 to 7 times of the diameter of the spindle of the main spiral (8); the hollow inner diameter of the right differential outer spiral (16) is 4 to 5 times of the diameter of the mandrel of the main spiral (8).
5. The three-stage differential double helix synthetic cracking reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with the cylinder (9), and the sampling port gear pump (36) is connected with the capillary analyzer (37); the sampling port gear pump (36) stops, the materials form a sealing condition in the sampling port gear pump (36), the sampling port gear pump (36) runs, and the materials enter the capillary tube analyzer (37) under the gear overturning effect of the sampling port gear pump (36).
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| AU3286495A (en) * | 1994-09-22 | 1996-04-26 | Balboa Pacific Corporation | Pyrolytic waste treatment system |
| JP2000073069A (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2000-03-07 | Shigeru Yoshida | Multiple-step screw conveyer type carbonization facility |
| DE10348142B3 (en) * | 2003-10-10 | 2005-04-14 | Circutec Focus On Future Gmbh | Process and plant for the production of synthesis gas from residues |
| CN101775297B (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2013-02-06 | 苏忠 | Carbonization and pyrolysis system for organic matters and biomass |
| BG66555B1 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2016-11-30 | Оод, "Еко | An installation for vacuum pyrolysys of waste hydrocarbon stock, and a vertical fraction column for it |
| CN102140358A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-03 | 唐山南光实业有限公司 | Progressive cracking evaporative type oil sand and oil sludge treatment device |
| CN205347339U (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-29 | 潍坊金丝达新能源科技有限公司 | Continuous pyrolysis furnace of double helix |
| CN111298753B (en) * | 2020-04-04 | 2023-09-22 | 杭州正和纳米科技有限公司 | Production equipment for synthesizing calcium carbonate by continuous carbonization and production method thereof |
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2020
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