CN112819280A - Forest ecological system ecological value evaluation system and evaluation method - Google Patents
Forest ecological system ecological value evaluation system and evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system and method, which can update forest ecological data in real time by providing a set of Internet of things of the forest ecosystem so that relevant managers can master forest ecological dynamic information at any time, and can provide scientific and objective forest ecosystem data reference basis for society. The method comprises the following steps: the data communication acquisition device and the evaluation device; the acquisition device is used for acquiring ecological data of a forest ecological system, and the ecological data comprises static data and dynamic data; the evaluation device is used for calculating evaluation data according to the ecological data and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data; the evaluation data comprises at least one of conservation water source data, conservation soil data, carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, nutrient accumulation data, atmosphere environment purification data, forest protection data and biodiversity protection data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forest ecosystem data evaluation, in particular to a forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system and an evaluation method.
Background
The forest ecosystem is an environmental basis for human survival, the forest ecological balance is a fundamental precondition for human survival and development, and the generation, evolution and development of human beings are closely related to the forest ecosystem, so the forest ecosystem has ecological data.
Since the physical products offered by forests can realize their data through market exchange, their ecological functions are intangible and there is a lack of a mature market directly exchangeable. Forest ecological data quantification also needs a large amount of scientific research results and related data accumulation to support, and due to the fact that assessment difficulty is large, the forest ecological data quantification is often ignored or the assessment results are not ideal. However, the unreasonable development and utilization of forest resources are caused, so that the forest structure is disordered, the forest stand quality is reduced, the comprehensive efficiency of the forest is reduced, the ecological environment is deteriorated, and finally the sustainable development of China is threatened. Meanwhile, when the social public interests and the legal rights and interests of all the parties of the asset evaluation are maintained, scientific and objective data reference bases are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system and method, which on one hand provide a set of internet of things of a forest ecosystem, and can update forest ecological data in real time, so that relevant managers can master forest ecological dynamic information at any time, and on the other hand can provide a scientific and objective forest ecosystem data reference for society.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides an ecological value evaluation system of a forest ecological system, which comprises a data communication acquisition device and an evaluation device;
the acquisition device is used for acquiring ecological data of a forest ecological system, and the ecological data comprises static data and dynamic data;
the evaluation device is used for calculating evaluation data according to the ecological data and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data;
the evaluation data comprises at least one of conservation water source data, conservation soil data, carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, nutrient accumulation data, atmosphere environment purification data, forest protection data and biodiversity protection data.
According to the evaluation system, important dynamic data in the forest ecosystem are collected and evaluated, so that the more accurate ecological value of the forest ecosystem can be obtained in real time, and a scientific and objective forest ecosystem data reference basis is provided for the society.
Optionally, the collecting device includes a static collecting device and a dynamic collecting device; the static data comprises forestry general information and local forestry basic information, the static acquisition device is in communication connection with a forest ecological database of a local forestry management department and is used for acquiring the local forestry basic information, and the static acquisition device is provided with a network acquisition unit and is used for acquiring the Internet forestry general information;
the dynamic data comprises air environment data and soil environment data of the forest land, and the dynamic acquisition device comprises an environment detection unit and a soil detection unit;
the soil detection unit is used for detecting the moisture content, the soil erosion amount and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil;
the environment detection unit is used for detecting the concentrations of dust retention, negative ions, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxide in the air, and rainfall and evaporation capacity.
Optionally, a plurality of soil detection units are uniformly installed in a soil area of the forest ecosystem, and each soil detection unit comprises a soil humidity sensor, a soil erosion amount detection device and a soil element sensor;
the soil humidity sensor is used for detecting the moisture content in the soil; the soil erosion amount detection device is used for detecting the soil erosion amount; the soil element sensor is used for detecting the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil.
Optionally, a plurality of environment detection units are arranged in an area above the ground surface of the forest ecosystem, and each environment detection unit comprises an anion sensor, a rainfall sensor, an evaporation sensor and a gas sensor; the negative ion sensor is used for detecting the concentration of negative ions in the air; the rainfall sensor is used for detecting rainfall; the evaporation sensor is used for detecting the evaporation amount; the gas sensor is used for detecting the concentrations of dust retention, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxide.
Through this embodiment, lay a plurality of environment detecting element and soil detecting element to the forest region, can detect the ecological information of forest in real time to make relevant managers can master the ecological dynamic information of forest at any time, when certain unexpected situation appears in the forest ecology, can in time make a response, avoid the forest ecology to suffer more serious destruction because the managers react untimely.
Optionally, the system further comprises a display device for displaying the evaluation data and the ecological value of the forest ecosystem.
Through the method and the device, the user can select the data to be displayed, and the experience degree of the user is improved.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides a method for evaluating the ecological value of a forest ecological system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring static data and dynamic data of a forest ecosystem; calculating to obtain evaluation data according to the static data and the dynamic data; and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data.
Optionally, the step of obtaining the evaluation data by calculating according to the static data and the dynamic data includes: calculating the data of the conservation water source according to the rainfall, the evaporation capacity and the water content in the soil; calculating conservation soil data according to the soil erosion amount; calculating carbon fixation oxygen absorption data and forest protection data according to the static data; calculating accumulated nutrient substance data according to the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil; calculating purified atmosphere data according to the concentrations of dust retention, negative ions, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxides in the air; and calculating biodiversity protection data according to a shannon-Vera exponential method.
By the implementation mode, various factors influencing forest ecology are considered, and the obtained data is more scientific and reasonable.
Optionally, the step of calculating the carbon sequestration and oxygen uptake data according to the static data includes: and (3) calculating annual carbon sequestration data: u shapeCarbon (C)＝ACCarbon (C)(1.63RCarbon (C)BYear of year+FSoil carbon) (ii) a Annual oxygen release data calculated: u shapeOxygen gas＝1.19COxygen gasABYear of year(ii) a Wherein, UCarbon (C)The unit is forest stand annual carbon sequestration data: element a-1；BYear of yearFor stand net productivity, FSoil carbonThe unit is the annual carbon fixation amount of forest soil in unit area, and the unit is as follows: t.hm-2·a-1；CCarbon (C)Carbon sequestration price, unit: yuan.t-1；RCarbon (C)Is CO2The content of medium carbon is 27.27%; u shapeOxygen gasIs forest stand annual oxygen release data, unit: element a-1(ii) a A is the area of the forest ecological region, unit: hm2(ii) a Calculating the fixed carbon oxygen absorption data according to the annual fixed carbon data and the annual oxygen release data; the step of calculating the data of the accumulated nutrient substances according to the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil comprises the following steps: calculating the accumulated nutrient data: u shapeNutrition＝A(X2-X1)(NNutritionC1/R1+PNutritionC1/R2+KNutritionC2/R3) (ii) a Wherein, X1The unit is the soil erosion modulus of the forested land: t.m-2·a-1；X2Is the soil erosion modulus of the non-forest land, unit: t.hm-2·a-1；NNutritionIs a forest soil leveling agentAll contain nitrogen, PNutritionIs the average phosphorus content of forest soil, KNutritionIs the potassium content, R, of the forest soil1Is nitrogen content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R2For the phosphorus content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R3Is the potassium content of the potassium chloride fertilizer, unit: percent; c1For the price of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, C2The unit is the price of the potassium chloride fertilizer: yuan.t-1。
By the embodiment, more accurate carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data and accumulated nutrient substance data can be obtained.
Optionally, the step of evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecosystem according to the evaluation data includes: the ecological value of the forest ecological system is the sum of the conservation water source data, the conservation soil data, the carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, the accumulated nutrient substance data, the purified atmospheric environment data and the biodiversity protection data.
Through the implementation mode, the more accurate ecological value of the forest ecological system can be obtained.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method according to any one of the second or alternative embodiments of the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: by the aid of the designed system and method, various factors influencing forest ecology are considered, on one hand, the Internet of things of a forest ecosystem is provided, forest ecological data can be updated in real time, relevant managers can master forest ecological dynamic information at any time, on the other hand, more scientific and reasonable data can be acquired through a forest ecosystem Internet of things platform, and the ecological value of the forest ecosystem can be obtained more accurately by means of calculation of the data. Furthermore, according to the more accurate ecological value of the forest ecosystem, scientific data support is provided for the construction decision of the forest ecosystem in the administrative region, forest resources are reasonably developed and utilized, forest resource waste and pollution to the forest resources are avoided, and the sustainable development of China is met. Meanwhile, when the social public interests and the legal interests of all the parties of the asset evaluation are maintained, a scientific and objective data reference basis is provided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an ecological value evaluation system of a forest ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of an acquisition apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating ecological value of a forest ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of calculating evaluation data according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the specific features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the technical solutions of the present invention, but may be combined with each other without conflict.
It is to be understood that the terms first, second, and the like in the description of the embodiments of the invention are used for distinguishing between the descriptions and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. "plurality" in the description of the embodiments of the present invention means two or more.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system, which includes a data communication acquisition device 100 and an evaluation device 200.
The acquisition device 100 is used for acquiring ecological data of the forest ecological system. And the evaluation device 200 is used for calculating evaluation data according to the ecological data and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data.
Wherein, the ecological data comprise static data and dynamic data, and the assessment data comprise at least one of conservation water source data, conservation soil data, carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, accumulated nutrient substance data, purified atmosphere data, forest protection data and biodiversity protection data.
Optionally, referring to fig. 2, the acquisition device 100 comprises a static acquisition device 101 and a dynamic acquisition device 102.
The static data includes general forestry information and basic local forestry information, such as forest ecological area, stand height, annual net forest productivity, carbon sequestration price, diammonium phosphate fertilizer price, potassium chloride fertilizer price, organic matter price, oxygen production price, anion production cost, dust fall cleaning cost, forest area species number, reservoir storage cost, water purification cost, cost for digging and transporting unit volume of earthwork, soil volume weight, reduced nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium loss due to forest holding soil, diammonium phosphate fertilizer nitrogen/phosphorus content, potassium chloride fertilizer content, annual carbon sequestration of soil per unit area of forest stand, nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium sequestration of vegetation, anion life, pollutant remediation cost, endangered values of different species, annual yield of crops/pastures per unit area increased by forest presence of farmland protection forest/windbreak forest and the like, Crop/grass prices, etc. Wherein, the forest ecological region area can be called as forest stand area.
The dynamic data includes air environment data and soil environment data of the forest land, and the dynamic collection device 102 includes an environment detection unit and a soil detection unit.
The soil detection units comprise a soil humidity sensor, a soil erosion amount detection device and a soil element sensor; the soil humidity sensor is used for detecting the moisture content in the soil; the soil erosion amount detection device is used for detecting the soil erosion amount; the soil element sensor is used for detecting the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil.
The area above the ground surface of the forest ecological system is provided with a plurality of environment detection units, and each environment detection unit comprises an anion sensor, a rainfall sensor, an evaporation sensor and a gas sensor; the negative ion sensor is used for detecting the concentration of negative ions in the air; the rainfall sensor is used for detecting rainfall; the evaporation sensor is used for detecting the evaporation amount; the gas sensor is used for detecting the concentrations of dust retention, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxide.
A plurality of soil detection units and environment detection units are installed in different forest regions, collected dynamic data are dynamically updated along with changes of time (every half hour, every two hours and the like) and environment (rainfall, drought and the like), static data are collected through the Internet or a local area network, and forest ecological information can be detected in real time, so that relevant managers can master the forest ecological dynamic information at any time, when some unexpected conditions occur in the forest ecology, the forest ecological information can be timely responded, and the forest ecological management personnel can be prevented from being more seriously damaged due to untimely response.
Note that, in the forest area, it may be preferable to set every 100m2And installing an environment detection unit and a soil detection unit. The environment detection unit can be arranged on an installation rod, a grass, a trunk or a branch, and meanwhile, the surface camouflage is carried out on the environment detection unit, so that the environment detection unit is prevented from being damaged or the acquired data are inaccurate due to the interference of wild animals and the like on the environment detection unit; the soil detection unit is preferably arranged about 2 meters below the soil, and meanwhile, the surface of the soil detection unit is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment, so that the soil detection unit is prevented from being dried by microorganisms and the likeDisturbance results in the destruction of the soil detection unit or inaccuracies in the data collected.
Secondly, after a part of the dynamic data is obtained, further calculation is needed to obtain the required data, for example, a soil detection unit detects the moisture content j existing in the soil at the first moment1The water content j existing in the soil at the second moment2It is also necessary to calculate the difference | j between the moisture content at the first time and the moisture content at the second time1-j2The method comprises the following steps of I, wherein n soil detection units are arranged in an area, so that the differences of the moisture contents detected by the n soil detection units at a first moment and a second moment are added, and then n is divided, so that the surface runoff in the area can be obtained; or when the environment detection unit detects the dust concentration t existing in the air at the first moment1And the concentration t of dust retention existing in the air at the second moment2It is also necessary to calculate the difference | t between the dust concentration at the first time and the dust concentration at the second time1-t2The method comprises the following steps of I, wherein n environment detection units are arranged in a region, so that the differences of the dust retention concentrations detected by the n environment detection units at a first moment and a second moment are added, and then n is divided to obtain the dust retention amount in the region; or when a soil detection unit detects the amount of erosion d in the soil at a first moment1Amount of erosion d in soil at second time2It is also necessary to calculate the difference | d between the erosion amounts at the first time and the second time1-d2And l, wherein n soil detection units are arranged in the area, so that the soil erosion modulus in the area can be obtained by adding the differences of the erosion amounts detected by the n soil detection units at the first moment and the second moment and then dividing n. Similarly, other data that needs to be detected and recalculated are calculated in the above manner, and are not described herein again.
Through the implementation mode, various factors influencing the forest ecology are considered, more accurate data can be obtained from various sensors of different types, and the obtained forest ecological information is more scientific and reasonable.
The evaluation system designed above can form a set of Internet of things of the forest ecosystem, update forest ecological data in real time, enable relevant managers to master forest ecological dynamic information at any time, acquire more scientific and reasonable data at the same time, and evaluate the data, so that more accurate ecological value of the forest ecosystem can be obtained, and scientific and objective forest ecosystem data reference basis is provided for society.
Optionally, the forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system further comprises a display device, and the display device can be used for displaying evaluation data and forest ecosystem ecological value.
Through the method and the device, the user can select the data to be displayed, and the experience degree of the user is improved.
Based on the above design, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for evaluating an ecological value of a forest ecosystem, please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic flow diagram of the method for evaluating an ecological value of a forest ecosystem according to the embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
and S300, acquiring static data and dynamic data of the forest ecosystem.
And S400, calculating to obtain evaluation data according to the static data and the dynamic data.
The evaluation data comprises at least one of conservation water source data, conservation soil data, carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, accumulated nutrient substance data, purified atmosphere data, forest protection data and biodiversity protection data.
And S500, evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data.
By the method, after the accurate data are acquired, the data are used for calculation, and the ecological value of the forest ecological system can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the more accurate ecological value of the forest ecosystem, scientific data support is provided for the construction decision of the forest ecosystem in the administrative region, forest resources are reasonably developed and utilized, forest resource waste and pollution to the forest resources are avoided, and the sustainable development of China is met. Meanwhile, when the social public interests and the legal interests of all the parties of the asset evaluation are maintained, a scientific and objective data reference basis is provided.
Further, referring to fig. 4, step S400 further includes:
step S401, the data of the water source for conservation is calculated according to the rainfall, the evaporation capacity and the moisture content in the soil.
The remedial water source data may be calculated according to an alternative engineering method. Illustratively, according to the formula URegulating device＝10ACLibrary(P-E-C) calculating annual regulated water volume data according to formula UQuality of water＝10AKWater (W)(P-E-C) annual purified water quality data were calculated. The data of the conservation water source is just URegulating deviceAnd UQuality of waterThe sum of (1).
Wherein, URegulating deviceRegulating water volume data for forest year UQuality of waterFor forest stand purification water quality data, unit: element a-1；CLibraryThe manufacturing cost of the reservoir capacity of the reservoir is as follows: m is a unit-3(ii) a P is the amount of precipitation outside the forest, E is the amount of evapotranspiration of the forest stand, C is the surface runoff, and the unit is mm.a-1(ii) a A is the area of the forest ecological region, unit: hm2；KWater (W)For the cost of purifying water, unit: yuan.t-3。
Optionally, the regulated water volume index G of the forest can be calculatedRegulating device，GRegulating device10A (P-E-C) is the annual regulated water quantity/purified water quality of the forest stand, and the unit is m3·a-1. Index value GRegulating deviceUsed for reflecting the water source conservation capacity of the forest, which is closely related to the value of the forest ecosystem, and calculating GRegulating deviceThen the data value G of the conservation water source can be directly calculatedRegulating deviceThe larger, URegulating deviceAnd UQuality of waterThe larger.
And S402, calculating conservation soil data according to the soil erosion amount.
Illustratively, according to the formula USoil stabilization＝ACSoil for soil(X2-X1) The/rho calculation annual soil fixation data is shown in a formula UFertilizer＝A(X2-X1)(NNutritionC1/R1+PNutritionC1/R2+KNutritionC2/R3+MC3) And 4, calculating annual fertility preservation data. The nursery soil data is just USoil stabilizationAnd UFertilizerAnd。
wherein, USoil stabilizationFor forest stand annual soil fixation data, UFertilizerThe unit is forest stand annual fertility preservation data: element a-1；X1The unit is the soil erosion modulus of the forested land: t.hm-2·a-1；X2Is the soil erosion modulus of the non-forest land, unit: t.hm-2·a-1；CSoil for soilThe cost required for digging and transporting earthwork of unit volume is as follows: m is a unit-3(ii) a ρ is the volume weight of soil, unit: g.cm-3；NNutritionIs the average nitrogen content, P, of the forest soilNutritionIs the average phosphorus content of forest soil, KNutritionIs the potassium content of the forest soil, M is the organic matter content of the forest soil, R1Is nitrogen content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R2For the phosphorus content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R3Is the potassium content of the potassium chloride fertilizer, unit: percent; c1For the price of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, C2Price of potassium chloride fertilizer, C3Is the organic matter price, unit: yuan.t-1。
Optionally, the soil fixation index G of the forest can be calculatedSoil stabilizationHarmony fertilizer retention index GN、GP、GK，GSoil stabilization＝A(X2-X1)，GN＝AN(X2-X1)，GP＝AP(X2-X1)，GK＝AK(X2-X1) Soil consolidation index GSoil stabilizationHarmony fertilizer retention index GN、GP、GKUsed for reflecting the conservation soil capability of the forest, which is closely related to the value of the forest ecosystem, and calculating GSoil stabilization、GN、GP、GKThen the value of the conservation soil data, G, can be directly calculatedSoil stabilization、GN、GPAnd GKThe larger, USoil stabilizationAnd UFertilizerThe larger.
Wherein G isNReduced nitrogen loss for soil retention in forests, GPReduced phosphorus runoff for soil retention in forests, GKReduced potassium runoff for forest holding soil, unit: t.a-1N is the nitrogen content of the soil, PIs the phosphorus content of the soil, and K is the potassium content of the soil, unit: % of the total weight of the composition.
And S403, calculating carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data and forest protection data according to the static data.
Illustratively, according to the formula UCarbon (C)＝ACCarbon (C)(1.63RCarbon (C)BYear of year+FSoil carbon) Calculating annual carbon sequestration data according to formula UOxygen gas＝1.19COxygen gasABYear of yearAnd calculating annual oxygen release data. The carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data is UCarbon (C)And UOxygen gasThe sum of (1).
Wherein, UCarbon (C)The unit is forest stand annual carbon sequestration data: element a-1；BYear of yearFor stand net productivity, FSoil carbonThe unit is the annual carbon fixation amount of forest soil in unit area, and the unit is as follows: t.hm-2·a-1；CCarbon (C)Carbon sequestration price, unit: yuan.t-1；RCarbon (C)Is CO2The content of medium carbon is 27.27%; u shapeOxygen gasIs forest stand annual oxygen release data, unit: element a-1。
Optionally, the carbon sequestration index G of the forest can be calculatedCarbon (C)And oxygen release index G of forestOxygen gas，GCarbon (C)＝A(1.63RCarbon (C)BYear of year+FSoil carbon)，GOxygen gas＝1.19COxygen gasABYear of yearIndex value GCarbon (C)And GOxygen gasUsed for reflecting the carbon-fixing and oxygen-absorbing capacity of the forest, is closely related to the value of a forest ecosystem, and calculates GCarbon (C)And GOxygen gasThen the value of the carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, G, can be directly calculatedCarbon (C)And GOxygen gasThe larger, UCarbon (C)And UOxygen gasThe larger.
Illustratively, according to the formula UProtection＝AQProtectionCProtectionAnd calculating forest protection data.
Wherein Q isProtectionThe method is characterized in that the annual output of crops and pastures in unit area is increased due to forests such as farmland protection forests and windbreak forests, and the unit is as follows: element a-1；CProtectionThe price of crops, pasture and the like is as follows: yuan-kg-1。
And S404, calculating accumulated nutrient substance data according to the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil.
Illustratively, according to the formula UNutrition＝A(X2-X1)(NNutritionC1/R1+PNutritionC1/R2+KNutritionC2/R3) And calculating the annual accumulation data of forest nutrition.
And S405, calculating and purifying atmospheric environment data according to the concentrations of dust retention, negative ions, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxides in the air.
Illustratively, according to the formula UNegative ion＝5.256×1015×AHKNegative ion(QNegative ion-600)/L calculation years provide negative ion data; according to the formula UContaminants＝KContaminantsQContaminantsA, calculating absorption pollutant data; according to the formula UDust retention＝KDust retentionQDust retentionA, calculating retardant dust fall data, and obtaining U data when the data of the atmosphere environment is purifiedNegative ion、UDust retentionAnd UContaminantsThe sum of (1).
Wherein, UNegative ionProviding negative ion data for forest stand years, wherein the unit is as follows: element a-1；KNegative ionProviding negative ion data for forest stand years, wherein the unit is as follows: yuan, an-1；QNegative ionIs the forest stand anion concentration, unit: each.cm-3(ii) a L is the anion life, unit: the method comprises the following steps of (1) taking minutes; h is stand height, unit: m; a is the area of the forest ecological region, unit: hm2；UContaminantsThe unit is that forest stand year absorbs pollutant data: element a-1；KContaminantsFor the intelligent treatment expense of pollutants, the unit is as follows: yuan-kg-1；QContaminantsIs the absorption capacity of forest pollutants in unit area, unit: kg hm-2·a-1；UDust retentionIs the data of dust retention in forest year, unit: element a-1；KDust retentionFor dust fall clearance expense, unit: yuan-kg-1；QDust retentionIs the annual dust retention of the forest in unit area, unit: kg hm-2·a-1。
Optionally, it is also possibleTo calculate the negative ion index G of the forestNegative ionAbsorption of contaminants index GContaminantsAnd dust retention index GDust retention，GNegative ion＝5.256×1015QNegative ionAH/L，GContaminants＝QContaminantsA，GDust retention＝GDust retentionA, index value GNegative ion、GContaminantsAnd GDust retentionUsed for reflecting the atmospheric environment purifying capacity of the forest, is closely related to the value of a forest ecosystem, and calculates GNegative ion、GContaminantsAnd GDust retentionAnd then the value of the purified atmosphere environment data can be directly calculated.
It should be noted that the forest protection data is set according to the management experience of the fire department and the forestry department, and the data is not limited herein.
And step S406, calculating biodiversity protection data according to a Shannon-Weiner index method.
According to the formula
SRaw materialA, calculating the value of the biodiversity protection data.
Wherein, UGeneral assemblyValue of forest stand year species conservation data, unit: element a-1；EiTo assess the endangered score of species i within a stand (or region), n is the number of species; sRaw materialThe opportunistic cost of annual species loss per area, unit: yuan hm-2·a-1。
The shannon-kana index method requires the following:
when the index is < 1, SRaw materialIs 3000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When the index is more than or equal to 1 and less than 2, SRaw materialIs 5000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When the index is not less than 2 and less than 3, SRaw materialIs 10000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When the index is not less than 3 and less than 4, SRaw materialIs 20000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When pointing toWhen the number is not less than 4 and the index is less than 5, SRaw materialIs 30000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When the index is not less than 5 and less than 6, SRaw materialIs 40000 yuan hm-2·a-1；
When the index is 6 or less, SRaw materialIs 50000 yuan hm-2·a-1。
Further, step S500 includes: the ecological value of the forest ecological system is the sum of the conservation water source data, the conservation soil data, the carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, the accumulated nutrient substance data, the atmospheric environment purification data and the biological diversity protection data.
In particular, according to the formula UEcological environment＝URegulating device+UQuality of water+USoil stabilization+UFertilizer+UCarbon (C)+UOxygen gas+UNegative ion+UContaminants+UDust retention+UNutrition+UProtection+UGeneral assemblyCalculating the ecological value of the forest ecological system, wherein the unit is as follows: element a-1。
By the method, more accurate data can be obtained, and scientific and objective forest ecosystem data reference basis is provided for the society.
On the basis of the embodiment, local economic value evaluation and social value evaluation can be introduced to form comprehensive evaluation of economic value, ecological value and social value, and the method comprises the following steps when the economic value evaluation is specifically calculated:
calculating wood product data:
illustratively, according to formula VLog＝∑SLog i×VLog i×PLog iCalculating to obtain data of the log products within the year; wherein the value range of i is a positive integer, VLogThe data of the log product is in units of yuan; sLog iThe area of the ith forest is the unit acre; vLog iThe accumulated amount of the ith forest is m3；PLog iIs the market price of the ith forest in Yuan/m3。
Illustratively, according to formula VMade of wood＝∑VWooden i×PWooden iCalculating to obtain data of the wooden product within the year; vMade of woodData of the wooden product, the unit is element; vWooden iIs the amount of the ith wood product in m3；PWooden iIs the market price of the ith wood product, and the unit is Yuan/m3。
The wood product data is just VLogAnd VMade of woodAnd (4) summing.
Calculating non-wood product data:
illustratively, according to formula VDried fruit＝∑VDried fruit i×PDried fruit iCalculating to obtain data of dry and fresh fruits within the year; vDried fruitThe data of the dry and fresh fruits is in units of yuan; vDried fruit iThe mass of the ith dry and fresh fruit is measured in units of jin; pDried fruit iThe market price of the ith dry and fresh fruit is Yuan/jin.
Illustratively, according to formula VThe natural oil＝∑VThe natural oil i×PThe natural oil iCalculating to obtain data of the woody oil material within the year; vThe natural oilThe unit is element of the data of the woody oil; vThe natural oil iThe unit is the mass of the ith woody oil material and is liter; pThe natural oil iIs the market price of the ith woody oil in units of yuan/liter.
Illustratively, according to formula VMedicinal materials＝∑VMedicinal material i×PMedicinal material iCalculating to obtain data of medicinal materials within the year; vMedicinal materialsThe unit is element of the data of the medicinal materials; vMedicinal material iIs the mass of the ith medicinal material in kg; pMedicinal material iIs the market price of the ith medicinal material, and the unit is Yuan/kg.
Data of non-wood product is VDried fruit、VThe natural oilAnd VMedicinal materialsAnd (4) summing.
Economic value y1＝VLog+VMade of wood+VDried fruit+VThe natural oil+VMedicinal materials。
Correspondingly, data acquisition in the economic value evaluation process acquires economic data for static acquisition device 101 from the forest ecological database of local forestry management department, wherein, economic data is just second static data, and second static data can include the area of different types of forest/wood products, different types of forest stock, the market price of different types of forest/wood products/dry and fresh fruits/woody oil/medicinal materials, the formula volume of different types of wood products, the quality of different types of dry and fresh fruits/woody oil/medicinal materials, and the like.
The social value calculation steps are as follows:
calculating recreation data:
illustratively, according to a formula
And calculating to obtain recreation data.
Rest data is the value that the forest ecosystem generates to provide people with leisure and entertainment venues. Wherein, VRest for recreationIs recreation data, Q is the number of annual visitors, Q; is the number of tourists of the year before the evaluation, K1And K2Is to evaluate the previous year, WTP is to evaluate the guest's willingness to pay, A is the business income of other projects, B is the business expense of other projects, CmIs an investment in the operation of the project,
and evaluating the average investment profit rate of the society in the previous year, wherein r is the principal conversion rate, and n is the forest landscape asset operation period. The data in the formula is obtained by performing a questionnaire on the guest.
Calculating employment data:
illustratively, according to formula VEmployment＝∑xi×piCalculating social employment data, wherein VEmploymentIs social employment data, xiThe number of the personnel in the ith department, the unit person; p is a radical ofiAnnual pay income, unit units/person for class i department personnel.
Social value y2＝VRest for recreation+VEmployment。
Correspondingly, the data acquisition in the social value evaluation process is that the static acquisition device 101 acquires social data from the local tourism department and the local human resource department, wherein the social data is just third static data, and the third static data can include the number of tourists in the year before the questionnaire survey, the number of tourists in the year, the operating income of other projects, the operating expense of other projects, the investment in the operating projects, the annual social average investment profit rate, the principal conversion rate, the operating period of forest landscape assets, the willingness of the tourists in the year, the number of personnel in different types of departments in the local places, the annual salary income of the personnel in different types of departments in the local places, and the like.
The evaluation device 200 is correspondingly provided with an economic data processing unit and a social data processing unit, wherein the economic data processing unit receives economic data and calculates economic value according to the economic data. The social processing unit receives the social data and calculates social value according to the social data.
Further, the comprehensive value evaluation steps for calculating the economic value, the ecological value and the social value are as follows: ecological value y3＝URegulating device+UQuality of water+USoil stabilization+UFertilizer+UCarbon (C)+UOxygen gas+UNegative ion+UContaminants+UDust retention+UNutrition+UProtection+UGeneral assembly。
According to K ═ Σ wi×yiAnd calculating the comprehensive value when Q is K multiplied by M/A. Wherein, yiIs ecological, economic or social; w is aiA weight of ecological, economic or social value; q is the overall value; k is an ecological function index; m is the area of the territorial territory.
The weight of each evaluation factor is determined by local actual conditions, for example, if wood in a local forest area is suitable for sale, the weight of the evaluation factor corresponding to the wood is greater than the weights of the other two evaluation factors.
By the method, the ecological value, the economic value and the social value of the forest are considered, and a more accurate assessment can be formed on the comprehensive value of the forest area.
Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the data storage method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not substantially depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A forest ecosystem ecological value assessment system is characterized by comprising a data communication acquisition device and an assessment device;
the acquisition device is used for acquiring ecological data of a forest ecological system, and the ecological data comprises static data and dynamic data;
the evaluation device is used for calculating evaluation data according to the ecological data and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data;
the evaluation data comprises at least one of conservation water source data, conservation soil data, carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, nutrient accumulation data, atmosphere environment purification data, forest protection data and biodiversity protection data.
2. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment system according to claim 1, wherein the collection devices comprise static collection devices and dynamic collection devices; the static data comprises forestry general information and local forestry basic information, the static acquisition device is in communication connection with a forest ecological database of a local forestry management department and is used for acquiring the local forestry basic information, and the static acquisition device is provided with a network acquisition unit and is used for acquiring the Internet forestry general information;
the dynamic data comprises air environment data and soil environment data of the forest land, and the dynamic acquisition device comprises an environment detection unit and a soil detection unit;
the soil detection unit is used for detecting the water content in the soil, the soil erosion amount and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil;
the environment detection unit is used for detecting the concentrations of dust retention, negative ions, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxide in the air, and the rainfall and the evaporation capacity.
3. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment system according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the soil detection units are uniformly installed in a soil area of the forest ecosystem, and the soil detection units comprise a soil humidity sensor, a soil erosion amount detection device and a soil element sensor;
the soil humidity sensor is used for detecting the moisture content in the soil; the soil erosion amount detection device is used for detecting the soil erosion amount; the soil element sensor is used for detecting the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil.
4. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment system according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the environment detection units are arranged in an area above the ground surface of the forest ecosystem, and the environment detection units comprise an anion sensor, a rainfall sensor, an evaporation sensor and a gas sensor;
the negative ion sensor is used for detecting the concentration of negative ions in the air; the rainfall sensor is used for detecting rainfall; the evaporation sensor is used for detecting the evaporation amount; the gas sensor is used for detecting the concentrations of dust retention, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxide.
5. The forest ecosystem ecological value evaluation system of claim 1, further comprising a display device for displaying the evaluation data and the ecological value of the forest ecosystem.
6. A forest ecosystem ecological value assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring static data and dynamic data of a forest ecosystem;
calculating to obtain evaluation data according to the static data and the dynamic data;
and evaluating the ecological value of the forest ecological system according to the evaluation data.
7. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment method according to claim 6, wherein the step of calculating assessment data from the static data and the dynamic data comprises:
calculating the data of the conservation water source according to the rainfall, the evaporation capacity and the water content in the soil;
calculating conservation soil data according to the soil erosion amount;
calculating carbon fixation oxygen absorption data and forest protection data according to the static data;
calculating accumulated nutrient substance data according to the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil;
calculating purified atmosphere data according to the concentrations of dust retention, negative ions, sulfur dioxide, fluoride and nitrogen oxides in the air;
and calculating biodiversity protection data according to a shannon-Vera exponential method.
8. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment method according to claim 7, wherein the step of calculating carbon sequestration oxygen uptake data from static data comprises:
and (3) calculating annual carbon sequestration data:
Ucarbon (C)＝ACCarbon (C)(1.63RCarbon (C)BYear of year+FSoil carbon)
Annual oxygen release data calculated:
Uoxygen gas＝1.19COxygen gasABYear of year；
Wherein, UCarbon (C)The unit is forest stand annual carbon sequestration data: element a-1；BYear of yearFor stand net productivity, FSoil carbonThe unit is the annual carbon fixation amount of forest soil in unit area, and the unit is as follows: t.hm-2·a-1；CCarbon (C)Carbon sequestration price, unit: yuan.t-1；RCarbon (C)Is CO2The content of medium carbon is 27.27%; u shapeOxygen gasIs forest stand annual oxygen release data, unit: element a-1(ii) a A is the area of the forest ecological region, unit: hm2；
Calculating the fixed carbon oxygen absorption data according to the annual fixed carbon data and the annual oxygen release data;
the step of calculating the data of the accumulated nutrient substances according to the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil comprises the following steps:
calculating the accumulated nutrient data:
Unutrition＝A(X2-X1)(NNutritionC1/R1+PNutritionC1/R2+KNutritionC2/R3)；
Wherein, X1The unit is the soil erosion modulus of the forested land: t.hm-2·a-1；X2Is the soil erosion modulus of the non-forest land, unit: t.hm-2·a-1；NNutritionIs the average nitrogen content, P, of the forest soilNutritionIs the average phosphorus content of forest soil, KNutritionIs the potassium content, R, of the forest soil1Is nitrogen content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R2For the phosphorus content of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, R3Is the potassium content of the potassium chloride fertilizer, unit: percent; c1For the price of diammonium phosphate fertilizer, C2The unit is the price of the potassium chloride fertilizer: yuan.t-1。
9. The forest ecosystem ecological value assessment method according to claim 7, wherein the step of assessing the ecological value of the forest ecosystem according to the assessment data includes: the ecological value of the forest ecological system is the sum of the conservation water source data, the conservation soil data, the carbon fixation and oxygen absorption data, the accumulated nutrient substance data, the purified atmospheric environment data and the biodiversity protection data.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 6-9.
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