CN105760678A - Forest ecological benefit distributed measuring and calculating method and system - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法及系统，包括根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元；获取各个评估测算单元的测算数据，根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据；将目标区域中的各评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据进行逐级累加，得到目标区域的森林生态效益评估结果。本发明采用分布式测算方法，能将复杂的问题划分成相对简单的单元，使测算过程更加简便化；利用上述方法对森林生态效益进行评估，结果准确可靠，方法简便，对于森林生态效益的量化评估具有重要意义。
The invention relates to a method and system for distributed measurement and calculation of forest ecological benefits, including dividing the target area according to preset distributed division rules to obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units; The data is calculated by using the forest ecological benefit calculation model for each evaluation unit to obtain the forest ecological benefit index data of each evaluation unit; the forest ecological benefit index data of each evaluation unit in the target area is accumulated step by step to obtain Forest ecological benefit assessment results in the target area. The present invention adopts the distributed calculation method, which can divide complex problems into relatively simple units, so that the calculation process is more simple; the forest ecological benefit is evaluated by using the above method, the result is accurate and reliable, and the method is simple and convenient, which is very important for the quantification of forest ecological benefit Evaluation is important.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及森林生态技术领域，尤其涉及一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法及系统。The invention relates to the technical field of forest ecology, in particular to a method and system for distributed measurement and calculation of forest ecological benefits.
背景技术Background technique
森林是生态建设的主体，具有涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护等生态效益。森林生态效益的测算评估是实施林业建设的重要基础，是实现社会可持续发展的基础。基于森林生态效益测算评估，认识不同森林类型的价值，对更好地指导人们参与林业建设、构建森林生态效益补偿体系具有重要意义，因此，森林生态效益的测算是必要的。然而当前评估指标体系多样、评估方法有别、评估公式不统一，大多评估方法集中于概念化和总体化，导致评估结果之间相差较大。在全国及各省范围内，森林生态效益的测算都是一项非常庞大、复杂的系统工程，寻求科学有效地获取真实可靠数据的森林生态效益测算方法尤为重要。本发明是在这样的技术背景下提出的。Forest is the main body of ecological construction, with ecological benefits such as water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, tree accumulation of nutrients, atmospheric purification, and biodiversity protection. The calculation and evaluation of forest ecological benefits is an important basis for the implementation of forestry construction and the basis for realizing sustainable social development. Based on the calculation and evaluation of forest ecological benefits, understanding the value of different forest types is of great significance to better guide people to participate in forestry construction and build a forest ecological benefit compensation system. Therefore, the measurement of forest ecological benefits is necessary. However, the current evaluation index system is diverse, the evaluation methods are different, and the evaluation formulas are not unified. Most evaluation methods focus on conceptualization and overallization, resulting in large differences in evaluation results. The measurement and calculation of forest ecological benefits is a very large and complex systematic project in the whole country and each province. It is particularly important to seek scientific and effective methods to obtain real and reliable data for the calculation of forest ecological benefits. The present invention is proposed under such technical background.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足，提供一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法及系统。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for distributed calculation of forest ecological benefits in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法，包括如下步骤：In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention provides a distributed calculation method for forest ecological benefits, comprising the following steps:
S1，根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元；S1, divide the target area according to the preset distributed division rules, and obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units;
S2，获取各个评估测算单元的测算数据，所述测试数据包括森林资源数据集、生态参数数据集和社会公共数据集；S2. Obtain the calculation data of each evaluation measurement unit, the test data includes forest resource data sets, ecological parameter data sets and social public data sets;
S3，根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据；S3. Using the forest ecological benefit calculation model to calculate each assessment and calculation unit according to the acquired calculation data, and obtain the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit;
S4，将目标区域中的各评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据进行逐级累加，得到目标区域的森林生态效益评估结果。S4. Accumulate the forest ecological benefit index data of each evaluation unit in the target area step by step to obtain the forest ecological benefit evaluation result of the target area.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用分布式测算方法，能将复杂的问题的划分成相对简单的单元，使测算过程更加简便化；利用上述方法对森林生态效益进行评估，结果准确可靠，方法简便，对于森林生态效益的统计评估具有重要意义。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention adopts the distributed calculation method, which can divide complex problems into relatively simple units, making the calculation process more simple; using the above method to evaluate the forest ecological benefits, the results are accurate and reliable, the method Simple and convenient, it is of great significance for the statistical evaluation of forest ecological benefits.
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
进一步，所述分布式划分规则指基于不同区域、不同地域、不同林业生态工程、不同优势树种林分类型、不同起源和不同林龄组逐级分布式的划分规则。Further, the distributed division rules refer to division rules that are distributed step by step based on different regions, different regions, different forestry ecological projects, different types of dominant tree species, different origins and different age groups.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：本发明能够区分不同区域、不同地域、不同林业生态工程、不同优势树种林分类型、不同起源和不同林龄组；进行分布式测算，能将复杂的问题的划分成相对简单的单元，使测算过程更加简便化；利用上述方法对森林生态效益进行评估，结果准确可靠，方法简便，对于森林生态效益的量化评估具有重要意义。The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are: the present invention can distinguish different regions, different regions, different forestry ecological projects, different dominant tree species stand types, different origins and different forest age groups; Dividing it into relatively simple units simplifies the calculation process; using the above method to evaluate forest ecological benefits, the results are accurate and reliable, and the method is simple, which is of great significance for the quantitative evaluation of forest ecological benefits.
进一步，步骤S1的具体实现为：Further, the specific implementation of step S1 is:
S1.1，将目标区域按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元；S1.1, divide the target area according to the geographical division, and obtain multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit;
S1.2，将每个一级测算单元按照不同的地域划分，得到多个子区域，作为二级测算单元；S1.2, divide each first-level measurement unit according to different regions, and obtain multiple sub-regions as the second-level measurement unit;
S1.3，将每个二级测算单元按照不同林业生态工程划分为多个林业生态工程区，作为三级测算单元；S1.3. Divide each second-level measurement unit into multiple forestry ecological engineering areas according to different forestry ecological projects, as a third-level measurement unit;
S1.4,将每个三级测算单元按照不同的优势树种林分类型划分为多个优势树种组，作为四级测算单元；S1.4, divide each third-level measurement unit into multiple dominant tree species groups according to different types of dominant tree species, as a fourth-level measurement unit;
S1.5,将每个四级测算单元按照森林起源的不同划分为天然林和人工林，作为五级测算单元；S1.5. Divide each fourth-level measurement unit into natural forest and artificial forest according to the forest origin, as a fifth-level measurement unit;
S1.6，将每个五级测算单元根据树木生长不同龄级划分，作为六级测算单元；S1.6, divide each five-level measurement unit according to the different age levels of tree growth, as a six-level measurement unit;
S1.7,将一级测算单元、二级测算单元、三级测算单元、四级测算单元、五级测算单元、六级测算单元的数量相乘，得到评估测算单元的数量。S1.7, multiply the quantities of the first-level measurement unit, the second-level measurement unit, the third-level measurement unit, the fourth-level measurement unit, the fifth-level measurement unit, and the sixth-level measurement unit to obtain the number of evaluation measurement units.
采用上述进一步方案的有益效果是：按照区域、地域、林业生态工程、林分类型、起源和林龄的顺序对目标区域进行划分，得到的评估测算单元，划分合理，实现对森林生态效益的评估，结果准确可靠。The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the target area is divided according to the order of region, region, forestry ecological engineering, forest stand type, origin and forest age, and the evaluation and calculation units obtained are reasonably divided, so as to realize the evaluation of forest ecological benefits , the result is accurate and reliable.
进一步，S1.1中将全国土地作为目标区域，将全国土地按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元，所述地理区域包括东北区、华北区、华东区、中南区、西南区和西北区；S1.2中将地理区域按照省级行政区进行划分，得到省级行政单元，作为二级测算单元。Furthermore, in S1.1, the national land is taken as the target area, and the national land is divided according to geographical divisions to obtain multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit. The geographical areas include the Northeast Region, North China Region, East China Region, and Central South Region , Southwest District, and Northwest District; in S1.2, geographical regions are divided according to provincial administrative regions, and provincial administrative units are obtained as secondary measurement units.
进一步，所述森林资源数据集指森林资源清查或者二类调查所获取的数据，包括面积、蓄积、生物量等；所述生态参数数据集指森林生态系统涉及的水、土、气、生等方面的野外观测数据，例如地表径流量、林分蒸散量、有林地土壤侵蚀模数等；所述社会公共数据集指由物质量向价值量转化过程中所使用的一系列价格参数、成本数据等，包括自来水的价格、电费的价格以及化肥价格等；所述森林生态效益计算模型采用遥感反演模型、过程机理模型等；所述森林生态效益指标数据包括涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护等。Further, the forest resource data set refers to the data obtained from forest resource inventory or second-type survey, including area, stock, biomass, etc.; field observation data, such as surface runoff, forest stand evapotranspiration, forest land soil erosion modulus, etc.; the social public data set refers to a series of price parameters, cost data, etc. used in the process of transforming material quantity into value quantity , including the price of running water, the price of electricity, and the price of chemical fertilizers; the forest ecological benefit calculation model uses a remote sensing inversion model, a process mechanism model, etc.; the forest ecological benefit index data includes water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release , the accumulation of nutrients by trees, the purification of the atmospheric environment and the protection of biodiversity.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明还提供了一种森林生态效益分布式测算系统，包括：区域划分模块，用于根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元；数据采集模块，用于获取各个评估测算单元的测算数据，所述测试数据包括森林资源数据集、生态参数数据集和社会公共数据集；指标计算模块，根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据；效益评估模块，将目标区域中的各评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据进行逐级累加，得到目标区域的森林生态效益评估结果。In order to achieve the purpose of the above invention, the present invention also provides a distributed measurement and calculation system for forest ecological benefits, including: an area division module, which is used to divide the target area according to the preset distributed division rules to obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units; The data acquisition module is used to obtain the calculation data of each evaluation and calculation unit, and the test data includes forest resource data sets, ecological parameter data sets and social public data sets; the index calculation module uses the forest ecological benefit calculation model according to the acquired measurement data Calculate each assessment and calculation unit to obtain the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit; the benefit assessment module accumulates the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit in the target area step by step to obtain the target area. Forest ecological benefit assessment results.
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。On the basis of the above technical solutions, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
所述分布式划分规则指基于不同区域、不同地域、不同林业生态工程、不同优势树种林分类型、不同起源和不同林龄组逐级分布式的划分规则。The distributed division rules refer to division rules that are distributed step by step based on different regions, different regions, different forestry ecological projects, different types of dominant tree species, different origins and different age groups.
进一步，所述区域划分模块包括：一级划分单元，用于将目标区域按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元；二级划分单元，用于将每个一级测算单元按照不同的地域划分，得到多个子区域，作为二级测算单元；三级划分单元，用于将每个二级测算单元按照不同的林业生态工程划分为多个林业生态工程区，作为三级测算单元；四级划分单元,用于将每个三级测算单元按照不同的优势树种林分类型划分为多个优势树种组，作为四级测算单元；五级划分单元,用于将每个四级测算单元按照森林起源的不同划分为天然林和人工林，作为五级测算单元；六级划分单元，用于将每个五级测算单元根据树木生长不同龄级划分，作为六级测算单元；测算单元数量确定单元，用于将一级测算单元、二级测算单元、三级测算单元、四级测算单元、五级测算单元、六级测算单元的数量相乘，得到评估测算单元的数量。Further, the area division module includes: a first-level division unit, which is used to divide the target area according to geographical divisions, and obtain multiple geographical areas as a first-level measurement unit; a second-level division unit, which is used to divide each first-level measurement unit The unit is divided according to different regions to obtain multiple sub-regions as the second-level measurement unit; the third-level division unit is used to divide each second-level measurement unit into multiple forestry ecological engineering areas according to different forestry ecological projects, as the third-level Measurement unit; four-level division unit, used to divide each three-level measurement unit into multiple dominant tree species groups according to different types of dominant tree species, as a four-level measurement unit; five-level division unit, used to divide each four-level The level measurement units are divided into natural forests and plantation forests according to the different origins of forests, which are used as five-level measurement units; the six-level division units are used to divide each five-level measurement unit according to the different age levels of tree growth, and are used as six-level measurement units; The unit for determining the number of measurement units is used to multiply the quantities of the first-level measurement units, the second-level measurement units, the third-level measurement units, the fourth-level measurement units, the fifth-level measurement units, and the sixth-level measurement units to obtain the number of evaluation measurement units.
进一步，一级划分单元将全国土地作为目标区域，将全国土地按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元，所述地理区域包括东北区、华北区、华东区、中南区、西南区和西北区；二级划分单元将地理区域按照省级行政区进行划分，得到省级行政单元，作为二级测算单。Furthermore, the first-level division unit takes the national land as the target area, divides the national land according to geographical divisions, and obtains multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit. The geographical areas include the Northeast Region, North China Region, East China Region, and Central South Region , Southwest District, and Northwest District; the second-level division unit divides the geographical area according to the provincial-level administrative regions, and obtains the provincial-level administrative units as the second-level calculation sheet.
进一步，所述森林资源数据集指森林资源清查或者二类调查所获取的数据，包括面积、蓄积、生物量等；所述生态参数数据集指森林生态系统涉及的水、土、气、生等方面的野外观测数据，例如地表径流量、林分蒸散量、有林地土壤侵蚀模数等；所述社会公共数据集指由物质量向价值量转化过程中所使用的一系列价格参数、成本数据等，包括自来水的价格、电费的价格以及化肥价格等；所述森林生态效益计算模型采用遥感反演模型、过程机理模型等；所述森林生态效益指标数据包括涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护等。Further, the forest resource data set refers to the data obtained from forest resource inventory or second-type survey, including area, stock, biomass, etc.; field observation data, such as surface runoff, forest stand evapotranspiration, forest land soil erosion modulus, etc.; the social public data set refers to a series of price parameters, cost data, etc. used in the process of transforming material quantity into value quantity , including the price of running water, the price of electricity, and the price of chemical fertilizers; the forest ecological benefit calculation model uses a remote sensing inversion model, a process mechanism model, etc.; the forest ecological benefit index data includes water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release , the accumulation of nutrients by trees, the purification of the atmospheric environment and the protection of biodiversity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明所述一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法流程图；Fig. 1 is a kind of forest ecological benefit distributed measuring and calculating method flowchart of the present invention;
图2为本发明所述一种森林生态效益分布式测算系统框图。Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a distributed measurement and calculation system for forest ecological benefits according to the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，所举实例只用于解释本发明，并非用于限定本发明的范围。The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1，如图1所示，一种森林生态效益分布式测算方法，包括如下步骤：Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of forest ecological benefit distributed calculation method comprises the steps:
S1，根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元；S1, divide the target area according to the preset distributed division rules, and obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units;
S2，获取各个评估测算单元的测算数据，所述测试数据包括森林资源数据集、生态参数数据集和社会公共数据集；S2. Obtain the calculation data of each evaluation measurement unit, the test data includes forest resource data sets, ecological parameter data sets and social public data sets;
S3，根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据；S3. Using the forest ecological benefit calculation model to calculate each assessment and calculation unit according to the acquired calculation data, and obtain the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit;
S4，将目标区域中的各评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据进行逐级累加，得到目标区域的森林生态效益评估结果。S4. Accumulate the forest ecological benefit index data of each evaluation unit in the target area step by step to obtain the forest ecological benefit evaluation result of the target area.
S1，根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元。具体地，所述分布式划分规则指基于不同区域、不同地域、不同林业生态工程、不同优势树种林分类型、不同起源和不同林龄组逐级分布式的划分规则。S1. Divide the target area according to the preset distributed division rules to obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units. Specifically, the distributed division rules refer to division rules that are distributed step by step based on different regions, different regions, different forestry ecological projects, different types of dominant tree species, different origins, and different age groups.
S1.1，将目标区域按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元；S1.1, divide the target area according to the geographical division, and obtain multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit;
S1.2，将每个一级测算单元按照不同的地域划分，得到多个子区域，作为二级测算单元；S1.2, divide each first-level measurement unit according to different regions, and obtain multiple sub-regions as the second-level measurement unit;
S1.3，将每个二级测算单元按照不同林业生态工程划分为多个林业生态工程区，作为三级测算单元；S1.3. Divide each second-level measurement unit into multiple forestry ecological engineering areas according to different forestry ecological projects, as a third-level measurement unit;
S1.4,将每个三级测算单元按照不同的优势树种林分类型划分为多个优势树种组，作为四级测算单元；S1.4, divide each third-level measurement unit into multiple dominant tree species groups according to different types of dominant tree species, as a fourth-level measurement unit;
S1.5,将每个四级测算单元按照森林起源的不同划分为天然林和人工林，作为五级测算单元；S1.5. Divide each fourth-level measurement unit into natural forest and artificial forest according to the forest origin, as a fifth-level measurement unit;
S1.6，将每个五级测算单元根据树木生长不同龄级划分，作为六级测算单元；S1.6, divide each five-level measurement unit according to the different age levels of tree growth, as a six-level measurement unit;
S1.7,将一级测算单元、二级测算单元、三级测算单元、四级测算单元、五级测算单元、六级测算单元的数量相乘，得到评估测算单元的数量。S1.7, multiply the quantities of the first-level measurement unit, the second-level measurement unit, the third-level measurement unit, the fourth-level measurement unit, the fifth-level measurement unit, and the sixth-level measurement unit to obtain the number of evaluation measurement units.
S1.1中将全国土地作为目标区域，将全国土地按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元，所述地理区域包括东北区、华北区、华东区、中南区、西南区和西北区；S1.2中将地理区域按照省级行政区进行划分，得到省级行政单元，作为二级测算单元。In S1.1, the national land is taken as the target area, and the national land is divided according to geographical divisions to obtain multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit. The geographical areas include Northeast China, North China, East China, Central South, and Southwest District and Northwest District; in S1.2, geographical regions are divided according to provincial administrative regions, and provincial administrative units are obtained as secondary measurement units.
其中，所述地理区域的划分如下：Among them, the division of the geographical regions is as follows:
东北区：黑龙江、吉林、辽宁；Northeast Region: Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning;
华北区：内蒙、北京、天津、河北、山西；North China: Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi;
华东区：山东、安徽、江苏、上海、浙江、江西、福建；East China: Shandong, Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian;
中南区：河南、湖南、湖北、广东、广西、海南；South Central District: Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan;
西南区：西藏、云南、重庆、贵州、四川；Southwest Region: Tibet, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan;
西北区：新疆、陕西、甘肃、宁夏、青海。Northwest Region: Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai.
S1.3中所述林业生态工程包括天然林资源保护工程、退耕还林工程、“三北”和长江中下游地区等重点防护林体系建设工程、环北京地区防沙治沙工程、野生动植物保护及自然保护区建设工程等生态工程。The forestry ecological projects mentioned in S1.3 include the natural forest resource protection project, the project of returning farmland to forest, the construction project of the key shelterbelt system in the "Three Norths" and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the desertification prevention and control project around Beijing, and the protection of wild animals and plants. And ecological projects such as nature reserve construction projects.
所述森林资源数据集指森林资源清查或者二类调查所获取的数据，包括面积、蓄积和生物量；所述生态参数数据集指森林生态系统涉及的水、土、气和生物方面的野外观测数据；所述社会公共数据集指由物质量向价值量转化过程中所使用的一系列价格参数和成本数据；所述森林生态效益计算模型采用遥感反演模型、过程机理模型中的任一种；所述森林生态效益指标数据包括涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护。The forest resource data set refers to the data obtained from the forest resource inventory or the second type survey, including area, stock and biomass; the ecological parameter data set refers to the field observation of water, soil, air and biology involved in the forest ecosystem Data; the social public data set refers to a series of price parameters and cost data used in the conversion process from material quantity to value; the forest ecological benefit calculation model adopts any one of remote sensing inversion model and process mechanism model; The forest ecological benefit index data includes water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, tree accumulation of nutrients, atmospheric environment purification and biodiversity protection.
S3中根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据。In S3, according to the obtained measurement data, the forest ecological benefit calculation model is used to calculate each evaluation measurement unit, and the forest ecological benefit index data of each evaluation measurement unit is obtained.
所述森林资源数据集指森林资源清查或者二类调查所获取的数据，包括面积、蓄积、生物量等；所述生态参数数据集指森林生态系统涉及的水、土、气、生等方面的野外观测数据，例如地表径流量、林分蒸散量、有林地土壤侵蚀模数等；所述社会公共数据集指由物质量向价值量转化过程中所使用的一系列价格参数、成本数据等，包括自来水的价格、电费的价格以及化肥价格等；所述森林生态效益计算模型采用遥感反演模型、过程机理模型等；所述森林生态效益指标数据包括涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护等。The forest resource data set refers to the data obtained from the forest resource inventory or the second-type survey, including area, stock, biomass, etc.; the ecological parameter data set refers to the water, soil, air, life and other aspects involved in the forest ecosystem. Field observation data, such as surface runoff, forest stand evapotranspiration, forest land soil erosion modulus, etc.; the social public data set refers to a series of price parameters, cost data, etc. used in the process of transforming material quantity into value quantity, including The price of tap water, the price of electricity, and the price of chemical fertilizers, etc.; the forest ecological benefit calculation model uses remote sensing inversion model, process mechanism model, etc.; the forest ecological benefit index data includes water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, forest trees Accumulate nutrients, purify the atmospheric environment and protect biodiversity.
本发明基于生态系统尺度的生态服务功能定位实测数据，运用遥感反演、过程机理模型等先进技术手段，根据各森林生态效益指标计算公式，得出各指标效益数据，之后进行由点到面的数据尺度转换，将点上实测数据转换至面上测算数据，完成对森林生态效益的涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护六大功能指标的测算。逐个均质化评估测算单元的数据逐级累加即可得到某一省森林生态效益的最终结果。The present invention is based on the measured data of ecological service function positioning at the scale of the ecological system, and uses advanced technical means such as remote sensing inversion, process mechanism model, etc., according to the calculation formula of each forest ecological benefit index, to obtain the benefit data of each index, and then carry out point-to-surface Data scale conversion, converting the measured data on the point to the measured data on the surface, and completing the six functional indicators of forest ecological benefits: water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, forest accumulation of nutrients, purification of the atmospheric environment, and biodiversity protection calculation. The final result of a province's forest ecological benefits can be obtained by accumulating the data of each homogeneous evaluation measurement unit step by step.
如图2所示，一种森林生态效益分布式测算系统，包括：区域划分模块，用于根据预设的分布式划分规则对目标区域进行划分，得到多个评估测算单元；数据采集模块，用于获取各个评估测算单元的测算数据，所述测试数据包括森林资源数据集、生态参数数据集、广东省社会公共数据集；指标计算模块，根据获取的测算数据利用森林生态效益计算模型对每个评估测算单元进行计算，获得每个评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据；效益评估模块，将目标区域中的各评估测算单元的森林生态效益指标数据进行累加得到待测算区域的森林生态效益评估结果。As shown in Figure 2, a distributed measurement and calculation system for forest ecological benefits includes: an area division module, which is used to divide the target area according to preset distributed division rules to obtain multiple evaluation and calculation units; a data acquisition module, which uses To obtain the calculation data of each evaluation and calculation unit, the test data includes forest resource data sets, ecological parameter data sets, and Guangdong social public data sets; the index calculation module uses the forest ecological benefit calculation model to calculate each The assessment and calculation unit performs calculations to obtain the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit; the benefit assessment module accumulates the forest ecological benefit index data of each assessment and calculation unit in the target area to obtain the forest ecological benefit assessment result of the area to be measured .
所述分布式划分规则指基于不同区域、不同地域、不同林业生态工程、不同优势树种林分类型、不同起源和不同林龄组逐级分布式的划分规则。The distributed division rules refer to division rules that are distributed step by step based on different regions, different regions, different forestry ecological projects, different types of dominant tree species, different origins and different age groups.
所述区域划分模块包括：一级划分单元，用于将目标区域按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元；二级划分单元，用于将每个一级测算单元按照不同的地域划分，得到多个子区域，作为二级测算单元；三级划分单元，用于将每个二级测算单元按照不同的林业生态工程划分为多个林业生态工程区，作为三级测算单元；四级划分单元,用于将每个三级测算单元按照不同的优势树种林分类型划分为多个优势树种组，作为四级测算单元；五级划分单元,用于将每个四级测算单元按照森林起源的不同划分为天然林和人工林，作为五级测算单元；六级划分单元，用于将每个五级测算单元根据树木生长不同龄级划分，作为六级测算单元；测算单元数量确定单元，用于将一级测算单元、二级测算单元、三级测算单元、四级测算单元、五级测算单元、六级测算单元的数量相乘，得到评估测算单元的数量。本实施例中一级划分单元将全国土地作为目标区域，将全国土地按照地理区划进行划分，得到多个地理区域，作为一级测算单元，所述地理区域包括东北区、华北区、华东区、中南区、西南区和西北区；二级划分单元将地理区域按照省级行政区进行划分，得到省级行政单元，作为二级测算单。The area division module includes: a first-level division unit, which is used to divide the target area according to geographical divisions, and obtains multiple geographical areas as a first-level measurement unit; a second-level division unit, which is used to divide each first-level measurement unit according to With different geographical divisions, multiple sub-regions are obtained as the second-level measurement unit; the third-level division unit is used to divide each second-level measurement unit into multiple forestry ecological engineering areas according to different forestry ecological projects, as the third-level measurement unit ; The four-level division unit is used to divide each three-level measurement unit into multiple dominant tree species groups according to different dominant tree species forest types, as a four-level measurement unit; the five-level division unit is used to divide each four-level measurement unit Units are divided into natural forests and plantation forests according to the origin of forests, which are used as five-level measurement units; six-level division units are used to divide each five-level measurement unit according to different age levels of tree growth, and are used as six-level measurement units; measurement units The quantity determining unit is used to multiply the quantities of the first-level measurement unit, the second-level measurement unit, the third-level measurement unit, the fourth-level measurement unit, the fifth-level measurement unit, and the sixth-level measurement unit to obtain the quantity of the evaluation measurement unit. In this embodiment, the first-level division unit takes the national land as the target area, divides the national land according to geographical divisions, and obtains multiple geographical areas as the first-level measurement unit. The geographical areas include the Northeast District, North China District, East China District, South-Central, Southwest, and Northwest regions; the second-level division unit divides geographical areas according to provincial-level administrative regions, and obtains provincial-level administrative units as a second-level calculation sheet.
所述森林资源数据集指森林资源清查或者二类调查所获取的数据，包括面积、蓄积、生物量等；所述生态参数数据集指森林生态系统涉及的水、土、气、生等方面的野外观测数据，例如地表径流量、林分蒸散量、有林地土壤侵蚀模数等；所述社会公共数据集指由物质量向价值量转化过程中所使用的一系列价格参数、成本数据等，包括自来水的价格、电费的价格以及化肥价格等；所述森林生态效益计算模型采用遥感反演模型、过程机理模型等；所述森林生态效益指标数据包括涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、林木积累营养物质、净化大气环境和生物多样性保护等。The forest resource data set refers to the data obtained from the forest resource inventory or the second-type survey, including area, stock, biomass, etc.; the ecological parameter data set refers to the water, soil, air, life and other aspects involved in the forest ecosystem. Field observation data, such as surface runoff, forest stand evapotranspiration, forest land soil erosion modulus, etc.; the social public data set refers to a series of price parameters, cost data, etc. used in the process of transforming material quantity into value quantity, including The price of tap water, the price of electricity, and the price of chemical fertilizers, etc.; the forest ecological benefit calculation model uses remote sensing inversion model, process mechanism model, etc.; the forest ecological benefit index data includes water conservation, soil conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release, forest trees Accumulate nutrients, purify the atmospheric environment and protect biodiversity.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.
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