CN112814721A - Smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction - Google Patents
Smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112814721A CN112814721A CN202110001629.8A CN202110001629A CN112814721A CN 112814721 A CN112814721 A CN 112814721A CN 202110001629 A CN202110001629 A CN 202110001629A CN 112814721 A CN112814721 A CN 112814721A
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- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- ground
- vertical shaft
- smoke exhaust
- shallow
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/006—Ventilation at the working face of galleries or tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction, wherein a vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel communicated with the ground is arranged at the top of a tunnel with shallow tunnel burial depth at intervals, the vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel is communicated with the ground by adopting a steel pipe, the steel pipe is higher than the ground, and the top of the steel pipe is provided with a rain shielding device. According to the shallow buried terrain characteristics of the tunnel, the top of the tunnel is provided with the vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel carries out natural ventilation and smoke exhaust by utilizing the chimney effect of air circulation, so that turbid air is exhausted to the ground through the vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel, the air quality of the tunnel face is improved, the ventilation and smoke exhaust in the construction process are accelerated, and the smoke exhaust efficiency in the tunnel construction process is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a ventilation and smoke exhaust method for tunnel construction.
Background
With the rapid development of the infrastructure of China, tunnels are also widely adopted in mountainous and hilly areas, and the number of long and large tunnels is increasing. A tunnel is an engineering building used to maintain an underground space as a traffic channel. In the construction process of the tunnel, tunnel mouth pipelines are generally adopted to ventilate to enter a tunnel face, and then the tunnel face is discharged from the tunnel mouth through a tunnel space. Like a relatively airtight container in the tunnel's work progress, because excavation blasting, equipment discharge, the unable natural emission of a large amount of smoke and dust that produces reasons such as spray anchor support, and then lead to equipment fault rate high, constructor occupational disease highly send out and visibility all sorts of problems such as extremely poor, consequently must in time ventilate to the tunnel construction operation face and discharge fume to improve tunnel operational environment, reduce safe risk.
The tunnel construction ventilation generally adopts the efflux fan to supply air to the tunnel with soft cloth pipeline, and after the efflux fan air supply reaches the face through soft cloth pipeline, discharges the interior air of tunnel from the tunnel entrance to a cave through the air extrusion. However, the effect of the mechanical air supply mode is worse and worse along with the increase of the tunneling depth of the tunnel face, and the increase of the fan power causes larger energy consumption, and the effect is not obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the shallow buried terrain characteristics of the tunnel, the invention aims to provide the smoke exhaust method for shallow buried tunnel construction.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction is characterized in that a vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel communicated with the ground is arranged at the top of a tunnel with shallow tunnel burial depth at intervals, the vertical shaft smoke exhaust channel is communicated with the ground through a steel pipe, the steel pipe is higher than the ground, and a rain shielding device is arranged at the top of the steel pipe; in the tunnel, the length of the steel pipe must be reserved to be capable of penetrating into the secondary lining, and the ventilation effect can be achieved after the secondary lining is constructed.
Wherein, the contact position of the shaft discharge flue and the ground needs to be tamped, so as to prevent the seeper from permeating into the tunnel.
Wherein, the position where the vertical shaft discharge flue contacts the ground is higher than the ground surface.
Wherein, the shaft discharge flue need set up the escape canal around with ground contact, prevents long-term ponding.
Wherein, the shaft discharge flue exposes the ground part, sets up the protection rail all around.
The invention arranges the ventilation shafts which are vertically communicated at intervals on the top of the tunnel with shallow tunnel burial depth, discharges the waste gas and the smoke dust in the tunnel through the vertical shaft in the construction process, and naturally ventilates and discharges the smoke in the vertical shaft by utilizing the air circulation effect. The natural ventilation mode does not need to consume electric energy in the smoke discharging process, so that the tunnel ventilation cost is greatly saved, and the natural ventilation mode has very obvious economic benefit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects: compared with the existing tunnel jet fan ventilation and smoke exhaust mode, the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust mode has the advantages that the shallow tunnel burying characteristic is utilized, the convenience is brought to shaft construction, the construction is simple, the effect is obvious, and the tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust mode is economical and practical. By utilizing the air effect, the vertical shaft pipeline naturally inhales air, so that the ventilation quality of the tunnel is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples of the present invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a vertical shaft discharge flue 2 communicated with the ground is arranged at intervals at the top of a tunnel with shallow tunnel burial depth, the vertical shaft discharge flue 2 is communicated with the ground by adopting a steel pipe 1, the steel pipe 1 is 2m higher than the ground, and a rain shielding device 4 is arranged at the top of the steel pipe 1;
wherein, the contact position of the shaft smoke channel 2 and the ground needs to be tamped, so as to prevent the seeper from permeating into the tunnel.
Wherein, the position of the vertical shaft discharge flue 2 contacting the ground is 50cm higher than the ground surface.
Wherein, the periphery of the vertical shaft discharge flue 2 contacting the ground is provided with drainage ditches to prevent long-term water accumulation.
Wherein, the shaft discharge flue 2 exposes the ground part, sets up protective fence 3 all around.
In the tunnel, the length of the steel pipe 1 must be reserved to be capable of penetrating into the secondary lining, and the ventilation effect can be achieved after the secondary lining is constructed.
Wherein, the construction of the vertical shaft is planned as early as possible, and the construction is completed before the tunnel face is not constructed to the section of the vertical shaft; the stone tunnel can complete the construction of a vertical shaft before the construction of secondary lining.
The construction risk of face excavation needs to be considered in the construction of the vertical shaft.
If the tunnel is long, a plurality of vertical shaft discharge channels 2 can be arranged for ventilation.
After the jet fan is erected at the tunnel opening to send clean air to the tunnel face through the soft cloth pipeline, the clean air extrudes turbid air in the tunnel to flow towards the tunnel opening. When the turbid air reaches the position of the vertical shaft, the temperature in the tunnel is higher, and the vertical shaft discharge flue 2 discharges the turbid air to the ground through the vertical shaft discharge flue by using the chimney principle, so that the air quality of the tunnel face is improved. After the turbid air near the palm surface is circulated for many times, the air quality is greatly improved.
Claims (6)
1. A smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction is characterized in that a vertical shaft discharge flue (2) communicated with the ground is arranged at the top of a tunnel with shallow tunnel burial depth at intervals, the vertical shaft discharge flue (2) is communicated with the ground through a steel pipe (1), the steel pipe (1) is higher than the ground, and a rain shielding device (4) is arranged at the top of the steel pipe (1); in the tunnel, the length of the steel pipe (1) must be reserved to be capable of penetrating into the secondary lining, and the ventilation effect can be achieved after the secondary lining construction is finished.
2. A smoke evacuation method for shallow tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vertical shaft discharge flue (2) is tamped in the ground contact position to prevent water from seeping into the tunnel.
3. A smoke evacuation method for shallow tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein the vertical shaft discharge flue (2) is earthed above the ground surface at the ground contact location.
4. A smoke evacuation method for shallow tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein the shaft smoke evacuation path (2) is in contact with the ground and drainage channels are provided around the circumference to prevent long term water accumulation.
5. A smoke evacuation method for shallow tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein the shaft smoke evacuation path (2) is provided with a protective fence (3) around the part exposed to the ground.
6. A method of fume extraction in shallow tunnel construction as claimed in claim 1 wherein the shaft smoke extraction duct (2) is located at a plurality of positions within the tunnel.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110001629.8A CN112814721A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110001629.8A CN112814721A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112814721A true CN112814721A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110001629.8A Pending CN112814721A (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Smoke exhaust method for shallow tunnel construction |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3633350C1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-05-11 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Method of supplying compressed air to the working chamber and the personnel and materials lock of a manhole cylinder and device for carrying out the method |
| CN101270669A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2008-09-24 | 浙江省交通规划设计研究院 | Improved tunnel smoke discharging method and tunnel fume discharging system with independent fume discharging device |
| CN105545342A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-04 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Smoke shaft of existing lining tunnel inner arch and constructing method of smoke shaft |
| CN109113780A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-01 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of tunnel shaft or inclined shaft ventilation and exhaust device based on monsoon |
| CN208718713U (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-04-09 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Ventilating system in long range shield tunnel construction |
-
2021
- 2021-01-04 CN CN202110001629.8A patent/CN112814721A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3633350C1 (en) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-05-11 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Method of supplying compressed air to the working chamber and the personnel and materials lock of a manhole cylinder and device for carrying out the method |
| CN101270669A (en) * | 2008-04-16 | 2008-09-24 | 浙江省交通规划设计研究院 | Improved tunnel smoke discharging method and tunnel fume discharging system with independent fume discharging device |
| CN105545342A (en) * | 2016-03-02 | 2016-05-04 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Smoke shaft of existing lining tunnel inner arch and constructing method of smoke shaft |
| CN208718713U (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2019-04-09 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Ventilating system in long range shield tunnel construction |
| CN109113780A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-01-01 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of tunnel shaft or inclined shaft ventilation and exhaust device based on monsoon |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210518 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |