CN112812588A - Thermal cracking carbon black production process for assisting production of hydrogen-rich gas - Google Patents
Thermal cracking carbon black production process for assisting production of hydrogen-rich gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN112812588A CN112812588A CN202110089458.9A CN202110089458A CN112812588A CN 112812588 A CN112812588 A CN 112812588A CN 202110089458 A CN202110089458 A CN 202110089458A CN 112812588 A CN112812588 A CN 112812588A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
Abstract
The invention discloses a production process of carbon black by a thermal cracking method with the aid of hydrogen-rich gas, wherein two cracking furnaces made of refractory materials in interior villages are arranged in a reaction section, the inner walls of the cracking furnaces are built into grids by refractory bricks to form channels, the retention time of hot gas is prolonged by a gas retention mechanism, the two cracking furnaces are operated circularly, one cracking furnace is in a heat storage period, the other cracking furnace is in a dry production period, and continuous flue gas with carbon black is continuously discharged to rear equipment. According to the invention, through arranging the gas retention mechanism, when the gas is continuously increased in the cracking furnace, the pressure in the cracking furnace is increased and the baffle is driven to seal the opening, at the moment, the gas continuously drives the piston to continuously move upwards, when the piston moves upwards, the piston rod is further driven to move upwards, the piston rod drives the rotary joint to drive the lever to move according to the lever principle, the lever drives the baffle to be separated from the opening, and the gas passes through the gap between the baffle and the opening, so that the circulation is carried out, and the utilization rate of the gas is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production processes, in particular to a thermal cracking method carbon black production process for assisting in production of hydrogen-rich gas.
Background
In the known technology, natural gas is used as a raw material, partial natural gas is subjected to anoxic incomplete combustion cracking at 1400-1100 ℃ to generate semi-reinforcing carbon black, hydrogen is generated at the same time, in the conventional technology, all semi-reinforcing reaction furnaces are of a double-furnace-head structure, combustion-supporting air, combustion and cracked natural gas enter a hearth from a furnace end and are combusted and cracked at the same time, the single-furnace yield is only 210 kg/h, and the defects that the product quality adjusting means is limited, the energy consumption is high, the waste heat is not effectively and comprehensively utilized and the like exist. For example, the Yancara carbon black Limited liability company of Xinjiang engaged in semi-reinforcing carbon black production for many years newly establishes a 2000 t/a thermal cracking carbon black production line, generates a large amount of hydrogen-rich gas every year, has a heat value of 14000 KJ/M3 to 15000 KJ/M3, does not have a good utilization technical scheme, and is dedicated to the research and development of improved technology. In the semi-reinforcing thermal cracking method carbon black production technology, a large amount of hydrogen-rich gas is produced in a co-production mode, although the awareness of environmental protection is stronger and stronger, domestic urban traffic adopts hydrogen as a power source, and the hydrogen can also be used as other chemical product raw materials, so that the hydrogen price is higher.
For example, patent No. CN203295421U discloses a device for producing carbon black by a thermal cracking method, which comprises a main air supply fan and is respectively connected with a cracking furnace A and a cracking furnace B, wherein the cracking furnace A and the cracking furnace B are both connected with bag filters, the bag filters are sequentially connected with a hydrogen-rich gas draught fan, a washing tower and a hydrogen-rich gas cabinet, the cracking furnace A is structurally characterized by comprising a cavity, the lower end of the cavity is connected with a furnace body, the furnace body is sequentially divided into a preheating section and a cracking section from top to bottom, the lower end of the cracking section is connected with a supporting and collecting section, the upper end of the cavity is provided with a fuel gas spraying interface, the left end of the cavity is provided with an explosion-proof port, and the right end of the cavity is provided with a natural gas inlet, the utility model can heat tail gas generated during semi-reinforcing carbon black production, so that the tail gas generated during semi-reinforcing carbon black, the method is energy-saving and environment-friendly, is convenient to operate and maintain, and the produced carbon black product has stable quality and greatly improves the production capacity.
However, the hydrogen-rich gas in the process is directly discharged or introduced back into the cracking furnace for combustion supporting, but a large amount of tail gas with the heat value of 2000 KJ/M3 to 3000 KJ/M3 is still generated in the process, and the tail gas is generally subjected to evacuation treatment as low-quality tail gas and cannot be completely utilized, so that huge waste of the heat value is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a thermal cracking carbon black production process assisted by hydrogen-rich gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the thermal cracking carbon black production process with the aid of hydrogen-rich gas comprises the following steps:
producing by using natural gas, coke oven gas and heavy liquid hydrocarbon gas as raw material gases;
firstly, opening a valve, introducing fuel gas and air, burning and heating the fuel gas and the air in a cracking furnace to form lattice bricks, then closing the valve to stop introducing the fuel gas and the air, cracking the introduced feed gas by using the heat stored in the lattice bricks to generate carbon, and adopting the steps for cyclic operation;
the reaction section is provided with two cracking furnaces made of refractory materials in the interior, the inner walls of the cracking furnaces are built into grids by refractory bricks to form channels, the residence time of hot gas is prolonged by a gas residence mechanism, the two cracking furnaces are operated circularly, when one cracking furnace is in a heat storage period, the other cracking furnace is in a dry production period, and continuous smoke with carbon black is continuously discharged to rear equipment;
after the temperature of the cracking furnace is raised to 1350-1450 ℃, the combustion injector stops supplying fuel gas and air, and a heat storage period is completed;
the raw material gas is fed into the furnace through combustion-injector, and is pyrolyzed by means of heat in the furnace to produce carbon black and hydrogen gas, and the grid is broken and cooled to 850 deg.C℃Stopping supplying raw material gas to complete the production period;
the heat storage period and the cracking period are generally prolonged to 10min through a gas retention mechanism, the gas with carbon black discharged from a cracking furnace in the production period is sprayed with water through a cooling tower to be cooled, the carbon black is collected through a cyclone separator and a bag filter, the collected carbon black is conveyed through a screw conveyor and is lifted, screened, magnetically separated, granulated and packaged.
Optionally, the inner wall of the cracking furnace is built with refractory bricks to form a lattice, the channel is square, the width of the reaction furnace is 2-3.5m, and the height of the reaction furnace is 5-7.5 m.
Optionally, the gas retention mechanism comprises a partition plate, the partition plate is radially fixed on the inner wall of the cracking furnace, at least one opening is formed in the partition plate, the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate are communicated through the opening, a baffle plate for sealing the opening is attached to the opening, which is close to the gas inlet side of the cracking furnace, one side of the baffle plate, which is close to the opening, is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through the opening and extends to the other side of the partition plate;
the middle part of baffle has been seted up a through-hole, the through-hole communicates the upper and lower both sides space of baffle, be provided with the piston in the through-hole, the piston is close to the pyrolysis furnace and gives vent to anger the side and is provided with the piston rod, the one end that the piston was kept away from to the piston rod is provided with swivel joint, swivel joint rotates and is connected with the lever that equals with connecting rod quantity, the lever rotates through the link and connects on the baffle, the one end that swivel joint was kept away from to the lever rotates with the.
Optionally, both ends of the lever are provided with grooves, a pin shaft is movably connected in the grooves, and both ends of the lever are rotatably connected with the rotary joint and the connecting rod through the pin shaft.
Optionally, in the pyrolysis furnace in the heat accumulation period, air with a consumption factor of fuel gas and air being less than 0.9 enters the furnace through a combustion injector at the upper part of the furnace body, is further completely combusted, heat energy is accumulated in checker bricks in the pyrolysis furnace, and the fuel gas is discharged through a flue after preheating the feed gas.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through arranging the gas retention mechanism, when the gas is continuously increased in the cracking furnace, the pressure in the cracking furnace is increased and the baffle is driven to seal the opening, at the moment, the gas continuously drives the piston to continuously move upwards, when the piston moves upwards, the piston rod is further driven to move upwards, the piston rod drives the rotary joint to drive the lever to move according to the lever principle, the lever drives the baffle to be separated from the opening, and the gas passes through a gap between the baffle and the opening, so that the circulation is carried out, the utilization rate of the gas is improved, and the problem of low heat energy utilization rate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a gas retention mechanism in the present invention.
In the figure: 1 baffle, 2 baffles, 3 openings, 4 through holes, 5 pistons, 6 connecting rods, 7 levers, 8 connecting frames, 9 rotary joints and 10 piston rods.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a thermal cracking carbon black production process assisted by hydrogen-rich gas comprises the following steps:
producing by using natural gas, coke oven gas and heavy liquid hydrocarbon gas as raw material gases;
firstly, opening a valve, introducing fuel gas and air, burning and heating the fuel gas and the air in a cracking furnace to form lattice bricks, then closing the valve to stop introducing the fuel gas and the air, cracking the introduced feed gas by using the heat stored in the lattice bricks to generate carbon, and adopting the steps for cyclic operation;
the reaction section is provided with two cracking furnaces made of refractory materials in the interior, the inner walls of the cracking furnaces are built into grids by refractory bricks to form channels, the residence time of hot gas is prolonged by a gas residence mechanism, the two cracking furnaces are operated circularly, when one cracking furnace is in a heat storage period, the other cracking furnace is in a dry production period, and continuous smoke with carbon black is continuously discharged to rear equipment;
when the temperature of the cracking furnace rises to 1350-1450℃Then, the combustion injector stops supplying fuel gas and air to finish the heat storage period;
the raw material gas is fed into the furnace through combustion-injector, and is pyrolyzed by means of heat in the furnace to produce carbon black and hydrogen gas, and the grid is broken and cooled to 850 deg.C℃Stopping supplying raw material gas to complete the production period;
the heat storage period and the cracking period are generally prolonged to 10min through a gas retention mechanism, the gas with carbon black discharged from a cracking furnace in the production period is sprayed with water through a cooling tower to be cooled, the carbon black is collected through a cyclone separator and a bag filter, the collected carbon black is conveyed through a screw conveyor and is lifted, screened, magnetically separated, granulated and packaged.
In this embodiment, the inner wall of the cracking furnace is built with refractory bricks to form a lattice, the channel is square, the width of the reaction furnace is 2-3.5m, and the height of the reaction furnace is 5-7.5 m.
In the cracking furnace in the heat accumulation period, air with the consumption factor of fuel gas and air being less than 0.9 enters the furnace through a combustion injector at the upper part of the furnace body to be further and completely combusted, heat energy is accumulated in checker bricks in the cracking furnace, and the fuel gas is discharged through a flue after preheating feed gas.
In the embodiment, the gas retention mechanism comprises a partition plate 1, the partition plate 1 is radially fixed on the inner wall of the cracking furnace, at least one opening 3 is formed in the partition plate 1, the upper side and the lower side of the partition plate 1 are communicated through the opening 3, a baffle plate 2 for sealing the opening 3 is attached to the opening 3 close to the gas inlet side of the cracking furnace, one side of the baffle plate 2 close to the opening 3 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 6, and the connecting rod 6 penetrates through the opening 3 and extends to the other side of the partition plate 1;
a through-hole 4 has been seted up at baffle 1's middle part, through-hole 4 communicates the upper and lower both sides space of baffle 1, be provided with piston 5 in the through-hole 4, piston 5 is close to the pyrolysis furnace side of giving vent to anger and is provided with piston rod 10, the one end that piston 5 was kept away from to piston rod 10 is provided with swivel joint 9, swivel joint 9 rotates and is connected with the lever 7 that equals with connecting rod 6 quantity, lever 7 rotates through link 8 and connects on baffle 1, the one end that swivel joint 9 was kept away from to lever 7 rotates with connecting rod 6 and. The both ends of lever 7 have all been seted up the fluting, and the swing joint has the round pin axle in the fluting, and the both ends of lever 7 all rotate through round pin axle and swivel joint 9 and connecting rod 6 and be connected.
The gas retention mechanism has the effects that when gas is continuously increased in the cracking furnace, the pressure in the cracking furnace is increased and the baffle plate 2 is driven to seal the opening 3, at the moment, the gas continuously drives the piston 5 to continuously move upwards, when the piston 5 moves upwards, the piston rod 10 is further driven to move upwards, the piston rod 10 drives the rotary joint 9 to drive the lever 7 to move according to the lever principle, the lever 7 drives the baffle plate 2 to be separated from the opening 3, and the gas passes through a gap between the baffle plate and the opening, so that the cycle is realized.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention. In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "cover", "fitted", "attached", "fixed", "distributed", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and may be, for example, fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Claims (5)
1. The thermal cracking carbon black production process assisted by hydrogen-rich gas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
producing by using natural gas, coke oven gas and heavy liquid hydrocarbon gas as raw material gases;
firstly, opening a valve, introducing fuel gas and air, burning and heating the fuel gas and the air in a cracking furnace to form lattice bricks, then closing the valve to stop introducing the fuel gas and the air, cracking the introduced feed gas by using the heat stored in the lattice bricks to generate carbon, and adopting the steps for cyclic operation;
the reaction section is provided with two cracking furnaces made of refractory materials in the interior, the inner walls of the cracking furnaces are built into grids by refractory bricks to form channels, the residence time of hot gas is prolonged by a gas residence mechanism, the two cracking furnaces are operated circularly, when one cracking furnace is in a heat storage period, the other cracking furnace is in a dry production period, and continuous smoke with carbon black is continuously discharged to rear equipment;
when the temperature of the cracking furnace rises to 1350-1450℃Thereafter, the combustion injector stops the supply of fuel gas and airCompleting the heat storage period;
the raw material gas is fed into the furnace through combustion-injector, and is pyrolyzed by means of heat in the furnace to produce carbon black and hydrogen gas, and the grid is broken and cooled to 850 deg.C℃Stopping supplying raw material gas to complete the production period;
the heat storage period and the cracking period are generally prolonged to 10min through a gas retention mechanism, the gas with carbon black discharged from a cracking furnace in the production period is sprayed with water through a cooling tower to be cooled, the carbon black is collected through a cyclone separator and a bag filter, the collected carbon black is conveyed through a screw conveyor and is lifted, screened, magnetically separated, granulated and packaged.
2. The process for producing hydrogen-rich gas assisted thermal black as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the cracking furnace is laid with refractory bricks to form a lattice, the channel is square, the width of the reaction furnace is 2-3.5m, and the height of the reaction furnace is 5-7.5 m.
3. The production process of carbon black by using a thermal cracking method with the aid of the hydrogen-rich gas as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gas retention mechanism comprises a partition plate (1), the partition plate (1) is radially fixed on the inner wall of the cracking furnace, at least one opening (3) is formed in the partition plate (1), the opening (3) is used for communicating the upper side space and the lower side space of the partition plate (1), a baffle plate (2) for sealing the opening (3) is attached to the opening (3) close to the air inlet side of the cracking furnace, a connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle plate (2) close to the opening (3), and the connecting rod (6) penetrates through the opening (3) and extends to the other side of the partition plate (1);
a through-hole (4) has been seted up at the middle part of baffle (1), through-hole (4) communicate the upper and lower both sides space of baffle (1), be provided with piston (5) in through-hole (4), piston (5) are close to the pyrolysis furnace side of giving vent to anger and are provided with piston rod (10), the one end that piston (5) were kept away from in piston rod (10) is provided with swivel joint (9), swivel joint (9) rotate be connected with lever (7) that equals with connecting rod (6) quantity, lever (7) rotate through link (8) and connect on baffle (1), the one end that swivel joint (9) were kept away from in lever (7) rotates with connecting rod (6) and is connected.
4. The production process of the hydrogen-rich gas midwifery thermal cracking carbon black as claimed in claim 3, wherein two ends of the lever (7) are provided with grooves, the grooves are movably connected with pin shafts, and two ends of the lever (7) are rotatably connected with the rotary joint (9) and the connecting rod (6) through the pin shafts.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein in the pyrolysis furnace in the heat accumulation period, air with a fuel gas and air consumption factor of less than 0.9 is introduced into the furnace through a combustion injector at the upper part of the furnace body, and is further completely combusted, heat energy is stored in checker bricks in the pyrolysis furnace, and the fuel gas preheats the feed gas and is discharged through a flue.
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Application publication date: 20210518 |