CN112810496A

CN112810496A - Power conversion station

Info

Publication number: CN112810496A
Application number: CN202110158261.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李志清; 戴有发; 孙庆; 吴小平
Original assignee: Bozhon Precision Industry Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Bozhon Precision Industry Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-04
Filing date: 2021-02-04
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2041-02-04
Also published as: CN112810496B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle battery replacement, and discloses a battery replacement station, which is used for replacing a battery pack for an electric traction vehicle and comprises: the battery replacing platform is configured to park an electric traction vehicle to be replaced and position the electric traction vehicle to a preset position; a battery compartment configured to store a battery pack and charge the battery pack for a power shortage; the truss is fixedly connected with the battery replacing station building or arranged inside the battery replacing station building, and the truss extends between the battery replacing platform and the battery bin; move and carry the device, can follow the length, width and the direction of height of truss remove, move and carry the expansion end of device and be provided with the hoist frock, the hoist frock can be followed vertical pivot rotation to counterpoint and snatch the battery package on the electric traction vehicle or in the battery compartment. The battery replacing station can be suitable for matching the parking posture of the electric traction vehicle, and battery replacing operation can be carried out without adjusting the parking posture of the electric traction vehicle by a driver.

Description

Power conversion station

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of battery replacement of electric vehicles, in particular to a battery replacement station.

Background

The battery package that is provided with on heavy truck and ore deposit card etc. electric traction vehicle need charge after the insufficient voltage, for avoiding because of charging and unable continuous use vehicle, electric traction vehicle's battery package is set up to removable structure at present to can change at the power station, satisfy the continuous, the normal operating of vehicle.

The battery pack of the electric traction vehicle is generally arranged at the rear side of a cab, when the electric traction vehicle drives into the battery replacement station, a crane generally grabs a battery with insufficient power on the electric traction vehicle, and the battery with full power in the battery replacement station is installed on the electric traction vehicle, so that the battery replacement operation is completed.

The battery replacing platform is used for bearing a battery replacing vehicle and adjusting the posture of the battery replacing vehicle in a translation mode so that the vehicle posture is suitable for the position of a battery replacing robot of the battery replacing station.

However, since the electric traction vehicle is heavy in self weight and difficult to adjust its position by the movable platform that bears the electric traction vehicle at the bottom, when the electric traction vehicle is used for replacing the battery, a driver is required to drive the electric traction vehicle into the battery replacing platform of the battery replacing station in an accurate driving-in posture so as to be convenient for the crane to obtain the battery.

Therefore, the above problems need to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a battery replacement station which can be suitable for matching the parking posture of an electric traction vehicle and can perform battery replacement operation without a driver adjusting the parking posture of the electric traction vehicle.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a power change station for changing battery packs for electric traction vehicles, comprising:

the battery replacing platform is configured to park an electric traction vehicle to be replaced and position the electric traction vehicle to a preset position;

a battery compartment configured to store a battery pack and charge the battery pack for a power shortage;

the truss is fixedly connected with the battery replacing station building or arranged inside the battery replacing station building, and the truss extends between the battery replacing platform and the battery bin;

move and carry the device, can follow the length, width and the direction of height of truss remove, move and carry the expansion end of device and be provided with the hoist frock, the hoist frock can be followed vertical pivot rotation to counterpoint and snatch the battery package on the electric traction vehicle or in the battery compartment.

Preferably, the hanger tool comprises:

the tool body is fixedly connected to the movable end of the transfer device;

a grasping mechanism configured to grasp the battery pack; and

and the rotating mechanism is connected between the tool body and the grabbing mechanism and can drive the grabbing mechanism to rotate along a vertical rotating shaft.

Preferably, the hanger tool further comprises:

a camera configured to capture an image of a calibration plate disposed at the top of the battery pack;

the controller can calibrate the position of the battery pack based on the marking features arranged on the calibration plate so as to control the transfer device and the rotating mechanism to drive the grabbing mechanism to align the grabbing mechanism with the battery pack.

Preferably, the hanger tool further comprises:

the dustproof box covers the camera and comprises a bottom plate opposite to the lens of the camera, and the bottom plate can slide to the outside of a view finding area of the lens.

Preferably, the hanger tool further comprises:

the dustproof box covers the camera and comprises a bottom plate opposite to the lens of the camera, and the bottom plate is made of transparent materials; and

a wiping mechanism configured to wipe a face of the base plate located outside the dust box.

Preferably, the hanger tool further comprises:

the protective cover covers the power utilization component of the lifting appliance tool, and a heating element capable of heating the power utilization component is arranged in the protective cover.

Preferably, the battery compartment includes a plurality of charging racks for charging the battery packs that are low in power, the charging racks including:

the inner side surface of the bearing frame is provided with a plurality of first positioning walls parallel to the vertical surface;

the power supply connector is fixedly arranged at the top of the bearing frame;

the battery bottom frame is arranged at the bottom of a battery pack to be charged, at least one guide block is arranged on each edge of the battery bottom frame, a guide slope inclined towards the inner side of the battery bottom frame is formed at the bottom of each guide block from top to bottom, second positioning walls parallel to a vertical surface are arranged above the guide slope, and each second positioning wall can be close to or attached to each first positioning wall one by one when the battery pack is correctly loaded on the bearing frame; and

the charging connector is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the battery bottom frame, and the charging connector can be connected with the power supply connector in a butt joint mode when the battery bottom frame is correctly placed on the bearing frame.

Preferably, the power conversion station further comprises a fire water tank capable of receiving and submerging the overheated or burned battery pack.

Preferably, the transfer device is capable of transferring the overheated or burned battery pack from a battery compartment or an electric traction vehicle to the fire-fighting water tank.

Preferably, the battery replacement station further includes a manual transfer device capable of grasping the battery pack, and the manual transfer device is movable in the length direction, the width direction, and the height direction of the truss.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the battery replacement station provided by the invention, the transfer device can drive the lifting tool to obtain the displacement in the three-dimensional direction, and meanwhile, the lifting tool can rotate along the vertical rotating shaft, so that the lifting tool can be moved to the position above a power-deficient battery pack on an electric traction vehicle generally and then the lifting tool is rotated to enable the posture of the lifting tool to be matched with the actual posture of the vehicle-mounted battery pack so as to grab the vehicle-mounted battery pack in an aligned mode, a driver does not need to adjust the position of the electric traction vehicle repeatedly, the battery replacement operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the battery replacement experience is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a swapping station in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a hanger tool in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack with a cover plate removed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another battery pack with the cover plate removed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a charging stand according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle mount bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a battery pack and a vehicle-mounted bracket in the embodiment of the invention.

In the figure:

100. an electric traction vehicle;

1. a battery pack; 11. a frame; 111. a side frame; 12. a bracket; 121. a longitudinal bar; 122. a cross bar; 13. A reinforcing member; 14. opening the mouth; 15. a guide block; 151. a second positioning wall; 16. closing the plate; 17. a cross beam; 18. a fixing member; 19. a charging connector;

2. a battery replacement platform;

3. a battery compartment;

4. a truss; 41. a longitudinal member;

5. a transfer device; 51. a cross member; 52. hoisting a trolley;

6. a lifting appliance tool; 61. a tool body; 62. a grabbing mechanism; 621. a gripper arm; 622. a latch portion; 6221. Inserting the lock plate; 623. a guide part; 63. a rotation mechanism; 64. a dust-proof box; 641. a base plate; 65. a wiping mechanism; 66. a protective cover;

7. a charging cradle; 71. a bearing frame; 711. a first positioning wall; 72. positioning seats; 721. positioning holes; 73. A cushion pad; 74. a contact switch; 75. a second connector; 76. a float member;

8. a vehicle-mounted bracket; 81. a third connector; 82. a rotational locking mechanism; 821. a screw-lock portion; 8211. a locking plate is rotated; 822. a connecting rod; 823. a drive member;

9. a fire water tank;

10. provided is a manual transfer device.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.

In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are used in an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings only for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a battery replacement station, which can perform battery replacement operation on an electric traction vehicle 100, such as a heavy truck or a mine truck, in which a battery pack 1 is mounted on an upper side of a vehicle body, or the battery pack 1 can be grabbed from above the vehicle body.

Referring to fig. 1, the battery replacing station is a building structure, and has a battery replacing channel capable of allowing a vehicle to enter and exit, a battery replacing platform 2 is disposed in the battery replacing station at the battery replacing channel, the battery replacing platform 2 is used for parking an electric traction vehicle 100 to be replaced, a plurality of deceleration strips are further disposed on the battery replacing platform 2, a notch for positioning wheels of the electric traction vehicle 100 can be formed between a pair of deceleration strips disposed at intervals, when a driver stops the wheels of the electric traction vehicle 100 into the corresponding notch, the electric traction vehicle 100 can be substantially positioned to a preset position, thereby facilitating the battery replacing operation.

As shown in fig. 1, a battery compartment 3, a truss 4, a transfer device 5, and the like are further provided in the power exchanging station, wherein:

the battery compartment 3 may be an area for fixedly placing the charging rack 7, which is formed by dividing a fence, a wall, and the like in the battery replacement station, and a charger, a power distribution controller, and the like, which are arranged in the area and used for providing power for the charging rack 7, are further arranged to charge the battery pack 1 which is stored on the charging rack 7 and is lack of power.

The truss 4 can be fixedly connected to the electric power station building steel component, or can be independently arranged in the electric power station building, and extends between the electric power station changing platform 2 and the battery bin 3. The battery replacing device is generally in a cubic structure, the top of the battery replacing device is provided with a generally rectangular framework, a pair of longitudinal members 41 along the length direction of a truss 4 extends between the battery replacing platform 2 and the battery compartment 3, and a transfer device 5 (namely a lifting appliance capable of lifting the battery pack 1) for battery replacing operation is slidably arranged between the pair of longitudinal members 41 along the width direction of the truss 4.

The transfer device 5 comprises a cross member 51, the cross member 51 can slide along the extending direction of the longitudinal member 41, namely the length direction of the truss 4, meanwhile, a hoisting trolley 52 is slidably mounted on the cross member 51, the traveling trolley can slide along the extending direction of the cross member 51, namely the width direction of the truss 4, a movable end capable of lifting along the vertical direction is arranged on the hoisting trolley 52, a lifting tool 6 is arranged at the movable end, and the lifting tool 6 can rotate along a vertical rotating shaft so as to align and grab the battery pack 1 on the electric traction vehicle 100 or in the battery compartment 3.

By means of the structure, when the power exchanging station performs power exchanging operation, namely after the electric traction vehicle 100 is roughly positioned to the preset position, the transfer device 5 can make the lifting tool 6 form displacement along the length, width and height three-dimensional directions of the truss 4 by means of the transverse framework and the lifting trolley 52, so that the lifting tool 6 can be roughly moved to the upper part of the power-deficient battery pack 1 (hereinafter referred to as the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1) on the electric traction vehicle 100, based on the judgment of the position of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1, the posture of the lifting tool 6 can be matched with the actual posture of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 by rotating the lifting tool 6, so that the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 can be grabbed in alignment, then, the transfer device 5 transfers the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 to the idle charging support 7 in the battery bin 3 for charging, and then, the transfer device 5 can lift the fully-charged battery pack 1 to the electric traction vehicle 100 after grabbing the fully-charged battery pack 1 on the other charging support 7, after the battery replacement operation is completed, the electric traction vehicle 100 can exit the battery replacement station.

Based on the electricity changing operation process, a driver of the electric traction vehicle 100 only needs to stop the vehicle to a preset position formed by limiting a deceleration strip when changing the electricity, in the parking process, the deceleration strip is higher than a parking platform, the electric traction vehicle 100 can have obvious height fluctuation when driving into the preset position, so that the driver can easily finish vehicle parking, and the driver does not need to repeatedly adjust the position of the electric traction vehicle 100 due to the fact that the transfer device 5 of the electricity changing station in the embodiment can adapt to the specific posture of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1, so that the electricity changing operation efficiency is greatly improved, and the electricity changing experience is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the spreader fixture 6 may include a fixture body 61, a grabbing mechanism 62, and a rotating mechanism 63. The tool body 61 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the transfer device 5 so as to obtain displacement along the length, width and height three-dimensional directions of the truss 4, and the grabbing mechanism 62 is configured to grab the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 based on the structure adaptation of the battery pack 1; the rotating mechanism 63 is connected between the tool body 61 and the grabbing mechanism 62, so as to drive the grabbing mechanism 62 to rotate along a vertical rotating shaft, and thus the grabbing mechanism 62 is vertically aligned with the posture and position of the battery pack 1. In this embodiment, the rotating mechanism 63 may be a turntable mechanism driven by a servo motor, and a fixed end and a movable end of the turntable mechanism are respectively connected between the tool body 61 and the grabbing mechanism 62.

In order to facilitate the transfer device 5 and the hanger tool 6 to accurately determine the posture of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 and further adjust the posture of the grabbing mechanism 62, in this embodiment, the hanger tool 6 further includes a camera (not shown in the figure) and a controller. The camera is configured to take an image of a calibration plate provided on the top of the in-vehicle battery pack 1; the controller can calibrate the position of the battery pack 1 based on the marking features provided on the calibration plate to control the transfer device 5 and the rotating mechanism 63 to drive the grasping mechanism 62 so that the grasping mechanism 62 is aligned with the battery pack 1.

The controller may be a controller independently mounted in the lifting tool 6, or may be a controller for controlling the entire power station replacing operation, and the moving and carrying device 5 and the lifting tool 6 are driven to perform motion compensation based on the image recognition feature marks.

When the electric traction vehicle 100 enters and exits the battery replacement station, external dust is inevitably carried by body components such as tires, and if the dust is deposited on the lens of the camera, the accuracy of the camera for shooting images is affected, and the battery replacement operation efficiency is reduced.

For this reason, in this embodiment, the hanger tool 6 further includes a dust-proof box 64, the dust-proof box 64 covers the camera to form a closed environment with a built-in camera, so as to prevent external dust from entering, meanwhile, the dust-proof box 64 further includes a bottom plate 641 directly facing to the lens of the camera, and the bottom plate 641 can slide to the outside of the viewing area of the lens, so as to allow the camera to capture an image of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1 when the camera needs to operate. The bottom plate 641 may be slidably driven by a common electric or pneumatic telescopic mechanism, and is not limited herein. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the foldable, reversible, etc. bottom plate 641 may be used to open or close the dust box 64.

As an alternative embodiment, the bottom plate 641 may also be made of a transparent material, and a wiping mechanism 65 is disposed at the dust-proof box 64, where the wiping mechanism 65 is configured to wipe a surface of the bottom plate 641 located outside the dust-proof box 64, so as to periodically wipe the bottom plate 641 and wipe off dust accumulated on the bottom plate 641, so that the camera can obtain a clear image of the vehicle-mounted battery pack 1. The wiping mechanism 65 may include a wiping strip/brush or the like that may translate or oscillate, and is not particularly limited herein.

In winter, particularly in northern mines, construction sites and the like, extremely low (e.g., below-twenty degrees celsius) outdoor temperatures will directly affect the operation of electrical devices exposed to the outdoor air. In this embodiment, the region of the power exchanging station except the power exchanging channel can be isolated from the outside through a building wall and the like, and is operated at a suitable working temperature, the power exchanging channel inevitably can be in a low-temperature working condition due to the fact that the power exchanging channel needs to be frequently driven into and out of the vehicle, in order to avoid the driving motors of the grabbing mechanism 62 and the rotating mechanism 63 in the hanger tool 6, and the electric components such as the camera and the controller cannot work due to low temperature, the hanger tool 6 further comprises a protective cover 66, the protective cover 66 covers the electric components of the hanger tool 6, and a heating element capable of heating the electric components is arranged in the protective cover 66, so that the electric components are pertinently heated under the condition of low temperature in the outside, and the power exchanging station is ensured to normally work in low-temperature weather when being used in a temperature. Optionally, the heating element may be an electric heating element that is not heated at a high temperature, such as a silicone heating sheet, and is not limited herein.

As can be seen from the above battery replacement operation process, in this embodiment, the hoisting structure of the hanger tool 6 needs to be adapted to the structure of the battery, and since the same battery pack 1 can be fixed, the charging bracket 7 disposed in the battery replacement station and the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 disposed on the electric traction vehicle 100 and used for fixing the battery pack 1 should have the same fixing mechanism adapted to the bottom structure of the battery pack 1.

The structure of the battery pack 1 will be described in detail, and the structure of the hanger tool 6 and the structures of the in-station charging stand 7 and the in-vehicle stand 8 for fixing the battery pack 1 will be further described.

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the battery pack 1 includes a frame 11, a bracket 12, and a reinforcing member 13. The frame 11 is formed by enclosing a bottom frame and a plurality of side frames 111 welded above each side of the bottom frame, so that a cavity is formed in the frame 11; the brackets 12 are fixed to the side frames 111 at intervals in the vertical direction to divide the receiving cavity into a plurality of chambers for receiving the battery modules in the vertical direction. Each of the side frames 111 except one of the side frames 111 is welded with a reinforcing member 13 so that one side of each of the cavities forms an opening 14 allowing the battery module to be moved into and out of the frame 11 from the side of the frame 11.

By means of the structure, the frame 11 of the battery pack 1 is of an integral welding structure, has better structural strength, avoids deformation and looseness caused by long-term vibration in the operation of the electric traction vehicle 100, and ensures the safe use of the battery pack 1. Moreover, because the battery pack 1, especially the battery pack 1 of the high-power tractor, needs to be provided with a plurality of battery modules, so as to ensure that the electric traction vehicle has enough running time, after long-term use, the individual battery modules in the battery pack 1 often have faults or need to be replaced, and the like, the reserved open 14 structure can allow a single battery module to move in and out from the side of the frame 11, thereby providing convenience for the individual maintenance and replacement of the battery modules.

Optionally, each reinforcing member 13 is connected to opposite borders of the side frame 111, and/or each reinforcing member 13 is connected to opposite corners of the side frame 111. For example, the reinforcing member 13 may be a cross-shaped or X-shaped member to simultaneously connect four opposite corners or four borders of the side frame 111, or the like. Further, on the side frame in the length direction of the frame 11, a plurality of reinforcing members 13 may be disposed in parallel to adapt to the length of the corresponding side frame and further improve the overall structural strength of the frame 11.

In this embodiment, the bracket 12 includes a pair of vertical bars 121 and a plurality of horizontal bars 122, the pair of vertical bars 121 are respectively fixedly connected to two opposite side frames 111 of the plurality of side frames 111; a plurality of cross bars 122 are each fixedly connected between a pair of side rails 121. For ease of assembly, a pair of side rails 121 are each removably attached to side frame 111.

Meanwhile, in order to be adapted to the installation of battery modules with different thicknesses, a plurality of mounting holes arranged in the vertical direction are formed in the side frame 111 for fixing the bracket 12, and the longitudinal rod 121 is bolted to the mounting holes through bolts, so that the above purpose can be achieved by adjusting the bracket 12 to the specific mounting position of the frame.

In addition, in order to obtain waterproof and dustproof performance, the battery pack 1 further includes cover plates 16, and a plurality of cover plates 16 are detachably fixed to the respective side frames 111 to close at least the sides and the top of the frame 11.

Referring to fig. 4, this embodiment also provides another alternative battery structure embodiment, in which the frame 11 is also formed by a bottom frame and a plurality of side frames 111 welded above each side of the bottom frame, so as to form a cavity in the frame 11, except that in this embodiment, a plurality of cross beams 17 are symmetrically disposed on two oppositely disposed side frames 111, and the plurality of cross beams 17 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The brackets 12 can be inserted into the frame 11 from the top of the frame 11 and can be fixed to each pair of beams 17 by fasteners 18, one by one, so as to divide the cavity into a plurality of chambers for accommodating battery modules in the vertical direction.

The structure of the battery pack 1 has the advantages that the frame 11 of the battery pack 1 is also of an integral welding structure, has better structural strength, avoids deformation and looseness caused by long-term vibration in the operation of the electric traction vehicle 100, and ensures the safe use of the battery pack 1. In addition, a plurality of battery modules are fixed on a plurality of brackets 12 one by one to can put into frame 11 along with bracket 12 in the lump, that is, the battery module of this battery package 1 can fix in advance on bracket 12 before putting into frame 11, and the installer puts into frame 11 from top to bottom through carrying bracket 12 and taking battery module together, adopts mounting 18 such as U type latch segment to bolt crossbeam 17 and bracket 12 in the lump, can carry out quick lock to every layer of bracket 12, and simple operation is applicable to batch production.

Similarly to the structure of the battery pack 1 described above, the battery pack 1 in this embodiment may also be provided with the reinforcing member 13. Also, the same side of each compartment forms an opening 14 that allows battery modules to be moved into and out of the frame 11 from the side of the frame 11 to facilitate later maintenance, replacement, etc. of individual battery modules.

In order to adapt to different thicknesses of the battery modules, in the battery pack 1 of this embodiment, the side frames 111 of the cross beams 17 have a plurality of mounting holes arranged in the vertical direction, and the cross beams 17 are bolted to the mounting holes by bolts, so that the position of the bracket 12 can be changed by adjusting the specific mounting positions of the cross beams 17 on the side frames.

In this embodiment, the battery pack 1 is provided with an independent charging connector 19, so that the battery pack 1 can be electrically connected to an external charging power source to charge the battery module, thereby implementing charging of the battery pack 1 under the vehicle-mounted condition, inside the charging station, outside the charging station, and other conditions.

Referring to fig. 2 again, based on the structure of the battery pack 1, in order to facilitate lifting the battery pack 1, the grabbing mechanism 62 includes a grabbing arm 621, a plurality of latches 622 are disposed at the bottom of the grabbing arm 621, and each latch 6221 is disposed on the latch 622 and can extend out of a side of the grabbing arm 621, so that when the grabbing arm 621 is placed in the frame 11 at the top of the battery pack 1, each latch 6221 can be placed in a lower edge of the frame 11. Alternatively, the latch 622 may implement the telescopic action of the latch piece 6221 by a common cylinder telescopic mechanism, a worm telescopic mechanism, or the like, and is not particularly limited herein.

In order to facilitate accurate alignment of the frame 11 of the battery pack 1 of the grabbing arm 621, so that the grabbing arm 621 is placed in the frame 11 on the top of the battery pack 1, the grabbing mechanism 62 further includes a plurality of guiding portions 623, the plurality of guiding portions 623 are discretely disposed on the bottom side of the periphery of the grabbing arm 621, and the guiding portions 623 form a guiding slope surface inclined towards the inner side of the guiding portions 623 from top to bottom, so as to guide the grabbing arm 621 to be placed in the frame 11. As shown in fig. 2, each side of the grabbing arm 621 is provided with at least one guiding portion 623, so that during the process of descending the grabbing arm 621, the guiding slope formed on the guiding portion 623 guides the grabbing arm 621 to be placed into the frame 11 under the action of gravity.

In order to enable the controller to accurately judge whether the grabbing arm 621 is accurately placed in the frame 11 or not so as to further judge whether the grabbing mechanism 62 reliably grabs the battery pack 1 or not, the hanger tool 6 further comprises a detection element, the detection element is fixedly arranged on the grabbing mechanism 62 and configured to detect a distance between the grabbing mechanism 62 and the battery pack 1, and when the controller judges that the distance is within a preset threshold range, it can be determined that a reliable position relationship is obtained between the grabbing arm 621 and the battery pack 1, so that the battery pack 1 can be hoisted by the mortise lock of the mortise lock portion 622.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to accurately place and fix the battery pack 1 with the charging rack 7 and the vehicle-mounted rack 8, in this embodiment, the battery pack 1 further includes guide blocks 15, the guide blocks 15 are all disposed below each side of the battery bottom frame (i.e., the bottom portion of the frame 11), and the bottom of the guide blocks 15 forms a guide slope inclined toward the inner side of the bottom frame from top to bottom; the wall surfaces of the guide blocks 15 facing the outside of the bottom frame can be brought into close contact with or fit to the inside walls of the outer carrier frame 71 when the battery pack 1 is mounted on the charging stand 7 and the carriage frame 71 mounted on the vehicle-mounted stand 8.

Based on the above-mentioned structure setting of guide block 15, can make battery package 1 by the hoist and mount in-process that descends, based on the action of gravity, the slope surface of guide that forms on the guide block 15 can guide battery package 1 to accurately place on bearing frame 71. Furthermore, the battery pack 1 may include at least two positioning pins (not shown), all of which are disposed at the lower side of the bottom frame, and the at least two positioning pins can be respectively inserted into the positioning holes 721 on the carrying frame 71 when the battery pack 1 and the carrying frame 71 are mounted, so as to form a fine positioning between the battery pack 1 and the carrying frame 71. Preferably, the bottom end of the dowel pin may be formed as a taper, which may be conical, truncated conical, or spherical to enable further guiding of the dowel pin into the locating hole 721 on the basis of the guiding of the guide block 15.

Based on the structure of the battery pack 1 described above, in the present embodiment, the vehicle-mounted cradle 8 and the charging cradle 7 have the same structure for positioning and placing the battery pack 1.

As shown in fig. 5, taking the charging stand 7 in the battery replacement station as an example, the charging stand 7 includes the above-mentioned carriage frame 71, and a plurality of first positioning walls 711 parallel to the vertical plane are formed on the inner side surface of the carriage frame 71. The top of the guide slope surface at the bottom of the guide block 15 arranged on the battery bottom frame is also provided with a second positioning wall 151 parallel to the vertical surface, and each second positioning wall 151 can be close to or attached to each first positioning wall 711 one by one when the battery pack 1 is correctly placed on the bearing frame 71, so that the battery pack 1 is limited on the bearing frame 71.

The charging support 7 further includes at least two positioning bases 72, the at least two positioning bases 72 are disposed on the carrying frame 71, and the top surfaces of the positioning bases 72 are recessed downward to form the positioning holes 721 capable of placing the positioning pins.

In order to prevent the frame 11 from rigidly colliding with the carrying frame 71 when the battery pack 1 is placed on the carrying frame 71, a plurality of cushion pads 73 are discretely distributed on the carrying surface of the carrying frame 71, and the cushion pads 73 have elasticity so as to provide cushion for the battery pack 1. It will be appreciated that each cushion pad 73 should provide at least a uniform and smooth riding surface to stabilize the posture of the battery pack 1 after placement.

Another detection element may be disposed on the charging bracket 7, and the detection element is fixedly disposed on the carrying frame 71, i.e. the detection element can be triggered by the battery pack 1 when the battery pack 1 is carried on the carrying frame 71, so that the in-station controller or the vehicle-mounted controller can conveniently determine that the battery pack 1 is reliably carried. Preferably, to obtain an accurate detection structure, the detecting elements are disposed at least at the opposite corners of the carrying frame 71. The detecting element may be a contact switch 74 or a distance sensor similar to the above detecting element, and the implementer may specifically select an appropriate detecting element based on the specific structure of the carrying frame 71 and the battery pack 1 and the specific detecting manner such as distance measurement or contact absence, which is not limited herein.

In this embodiment, an electrical connector (hereinafter referred to as a first connector) is disposed at the bottom of the battery bottom frame, and another connector is correspondingly disposed on the carrying frame, so that the two connectors can be connected to each other in a butt joint manner when the battery bottom frame is correctly placed on the carrying frame 71. For the charging stand 7, a connector (hereinafter referred to as a second connector 75) disposed on the carriage is electrically connected to a charger disposed in the battery replacement station, so that the battery pack 1 with power loss can be charged when the charging stand is connected to the first connector in a butt joint manner. In the vehicle-mounted bracket 8, a connector (hereinafter referred to as a third connector 81) provided on the carriage is electrically connected to the vehicle-mounted circuit, so that the vehicle can be supplied with electric power when the connector is mated with the first connector.

In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 and the charging bracket 7 both include the floating member 76, and the floating member 76 is connected between the carrying frame 71 and the second connector 75/third connector 81 to allow the second connector 75/third connector 81 to form floating displacement in the vertical direction when being mated with the first connector, so as to avoid rigid collision.

Meanwhile, to avoid the virtual connection between the second connector 75/the third connector 81 and the first connector, the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 and the charging bracket 7 further include a limiting member disposed between the carrying frame 71 and the second connector 75/the third connector 81, so as to support the second connector 75/the third connector 81 when the second connector 75/the third connector 81 moves downward from the idle position by a predetermined distance, so as to limit the maximum floating displacement of the second connector 75/the third connector 81.

The above-mentioned structure of the carrying frame 71 and the attached structure disposed on the carrying frame 71 can be applied to the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 and the charging bracket 7. The difference between the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 and the charging bracket 7 is that the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 needs to be fixedly connected with the body of the electric traction vehicle 100, and the charging bracket 7 needs to be fixedly connected with the charging station bottom plate 641. The charging bracket 7 is fixed on the ground, so that the charging bracket 7 and the battery pack 1 can be stably placed only by the positioning of the guide structure, and the battery pack 1 and the vehicle-mounted bracket 8 need to form a reliable connection structure through an additional fixing mechanism due to the bumping of the vehicle.

Therefore, as shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the vehicle mount 8 further includes a rotation locking mechanism 82, the rotation locking mechanism 82 includes a rotation locking portion 821 fixed in each of the carrier frames 71, and each of the rotation locking portions 821 has a rotation locking piece 8211 capable of rotating, so that when the bottom frame is correctly placed on the carrier frame 71, each of the rotation locking portions 821 can limit the bottom frame between the rotation locking piece 8211 and the carrier frame 71.

In this embodiment, the latch mechanism 82 further includes a connecting rod 822 and a driving member 823, the connecting rod 822 connects at least two latch pieces 8211 of the latch portion 821, and the driving member 823 is configured to drive any one of the latch pieces 8211 to rotate, so that the link 822 drives the latch piece 8211 in transmission connection with the latch piece 8211 to rotate towards the inside or the outside of the carrier frame 71. So that the twist-lock mechanism 82 provided in this embodiment can simultaneously drive the twist-lock tab 8211 to lock the battery pack 1 by only one or two driving members 823, which are as small as possible.

Based on the specific setting position and the transmission connection mode, the driving member 823 may be a motor, and the motor may directly drive one of the rotation locking pieces 8211 to rotate by the speed reduction mechanism, so as to drive the other rotation locking pieces 8211 to rotate together.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the power exchanging station further includes a fire fighting system, the fire fighting system includes a smoke alarm, an alarm bell, a fire fighting water tank 9, and the like, when the battery pack 1 in the station is overheated or on fire, the battery pack 1 can be moved into the fire fighting water tank 9 by a forklift or a hanger tool 6, and the fire fighting water tank 9 can receive and immerse the overheated or burned battery pack 1, so as to eliminate the fire.

In order to avoid that the battery replacement operation cannot be performed due to the failure of the transfer device 5, in this embodiment, the battery replacement station further includes a manual transfer device 10 capable of grabbing the battery pack 1, and the manual transfer device 10 can move along the length, width and height directions of the truss 4 to perform the hoisting operation of the battery pack 1 under manual operation and adjustment, thereby completing the manual battery replacement operation.

It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Numerous obvious variations, adaptations and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery changing station for changing a battery pack (1) for an electric traction vehicle (100), comprising:

the battery replacing platform (2) is configured to park an electric traction vehicle to be replaced and position the electric traction vehicle to a preset position;

a battery compartment (3) configured to store the battery pack (1) and charge the battery pack (1) at a power shortage;

the truss (4) is fixedly connected with the battery replacing station building or is arranged inside the battery replacing station building, and the truss (4) extends between the battery replacing platform (2) and the battery bin (3);

move and carry device (5), can follow the length, width and the direction of height of truss (4) remove, the expansion end that moves and carry device (5) is provided with hoist frock (6), hoist frock (6) can be followed vertical pivot and rotated to the counterpoint snatch battery package (1) on the electric traction vehicle or in battery compartment (3).

2. The power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreader tooling (6) comprises:

the tool body (61) is fixedly connected to the movable end of the transfer device (5);

a grasping mechanism (62) configured to grasp the battery pack (1); and

and the rotating mechanism (63) is connected between the tool body (61) and the grabbing mechanism (62) and can drive the grabbing mechanism (62) to rotate along a vertical rotating shaft.

3. The power station as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spreader tooling (6) further comprises:

a camera configured to capture an image of a calibration plate provided on top of the battery pack (1);

the controller can calibrate the position of the battery pack (1) based on the marking features arranged on the calibration plate so as to control the transfer device (5) and the rotating mechanism (63) to drive the grabbing mechanism (62) and align the grabbing mechanism (62) with the battery pack (1).

4. The power station as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spreader tooling (6) further comprises:

the dustproof box (64) covers the camera, the dustproof box (64) comprises a bottom plate (641) opposite to the lens of the camera, and the bottom plate (641) can slide to the outside of a view area of the lens.

5. The power station as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spreader tooling (6) further comprises:

the dustproof box (64) is covered with the camera, the dustproof box (64) comprises a bottom plate (641) opposite to a lens of the camera, and the bottom plate (641) is made of transparent materials; and

a wiping mechanism (65) configured to wipe a face of the bottom plate (641) located outside the dust box (64).

6. The power station as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spreader tooling (6) further comprises:

the protective cover (66) covers the power utilization component of the hanger tool (6), and a heating element capable of heating the power utilization component is arranged in the protective cover (66).

7. The battery exchange station according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery compartment (3) comprises a plurality of charging cradles (7) for charging a power-deficient battery pack (1), the charging cradles (7) comprising:

the bearing frame (71), the inner side of the bearing frame (71) is provided with a plurality of first positioning walls (711) parallel to the vertical surface;

the power supply connector is fixedly arranged at the top of the bearing frame (71);

the battery bottom frame is arranged at the bottom of a battery pack (1) to be charged, at least one guide block (15) is arranged on each edge of the battery bottom frame, a guide slope inclined towards the inner side of the battery bottom frame is formed at the bottom of each guide block (15) from top to bottom, second positioning walls (151) parallel to a vertical surface are arranged above the guide slope, and each second positioning wall (151) can be close to or attached to each first positioning wall (711) one by one when the battery pack (1) is correctly loaded on the bearing frame (71); and

the charging connector (19) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the battery bottom frame, and the charging connector (19) can be in butt joint connection with the power supply connector when the battery bottom frame is correctly placed on the bearing frame (71).

8. The power station according to claim 1, further comprising a fire water tank (9), the fire water tank (9) being capable of receiving and submerging an overheated or burning battery pack (1).

9. The replacement station according to claim 8, characterized in that the transfer device (5) is capable of transferring an overheated or burning battery pack (1) from a battery compartment (3) or an electric traction vehicle to the fire water tank (9).

10. The power station according to claim 1, further comprising a manual transfer device (10) capable of grasping a battery pack (1), wherein the manual transfer device (10) is capable of moving along the length, width and height directions of the truss (4).