CN112806195B - Micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling culture - Google Patents
Micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling culture Download PDFInfo
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- CN112806195B CN112806195B CN202110068328.7A CN202110068328A CN112806195B CN 112806195 B CN112806195 B CN 112806195B CN 202110068328 A CN202110068328 A CN 202110068328A CN 112806195 B CN112806195 B CN 112806195B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agricultural sprinkling irrigation, in particular to a micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling culture. The method comprises the following steps: s1, establishing a crop growth cycle model, and performing multi-pole combination on electrodes of a multi-pole sensor; s2, measuring the relative humidity around the seedlings in a non-micro-sprinkling irrigation state by using a multi-pole sensor according to an actual crop growth period model, and starting a micro-sprinkling irrigation sprayer when the measured relative humidity is lower than a set value; s3, starting the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle, automatically switching two working electrodes of a multi-stage sensor, and measuring the water demand of the micro-sprinkling irrigation state by using the multi-stage sensor; and S4, after the micro-sprinkling irrigation is finished, automatically switching two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor, and repeating S2 and S3. The device can accurately measure the relative humidity value of the seedling production environment, accurately control the water demand in the micro-sprinkling irrigation process, realize the automatic, large-scale and remote production of greenhouse seedling, and greatly improve the production quality of greenhouse seedling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural sprinkling irrigation, in particular to a micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling.
Background
At present, seedling raising is mainly carried out by sprinkling irrigation according to manual experience, and general technicians can carry out seedling raising and sprinkling irrigation according to certain experience after 4-5 years. The seedling-raising sprinkling irrigation mode not only consumes time and labor, but also applies excessive water to the seedlings in order to keep the seedling-raising humidity on constant humidity all the time, thereby easily causing seedling-raising failure. In recent years, factory seedling raising technologies in various countries are rapidly developed on the seedling raising of vegetables, flowers, tea gardens and the like, micro-sprinkling irrigation is one of important links of seedling raising, and the micro-sprinkling irrigation technology can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of water resources and more importantly can improve the production quality of seedling raising.
The greenhouse production in China starts late, belongs to a new industry, greenhouse seedling culture is in a starting stage, the automation degree is low, large-scale production is not facilitated, the greenhouse seedling culture is in an initial stage of micro-sprinkling irrigation at the present stage, and at present, few researches on how to irrigate and spray water to enable seedlings not to be impacted by water and how to automatically spray water are carried out. In the existing semi-automatic research results, devices for detecting the moisture of leaf surfaces are not available, but soil temperature, soil humidity and air temperature are mainly used as irrigation control parameters of plants, and the control methods have the following defects: (1) the water demand of the plants cannot be accurately adjusted; (2) the interference of various factors such as temperature, salt accumulation and the like in soil is easy to happen; (3) the existing semi-automatic device is not only expensive but also difficult to grasp the degree of the sprinkling irrigation needed by different plants, and the sprinkling irrigation easily impacts and damages seedlings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a micro-sprinkling irrigation precise control method for greenhouse seedling raising, which can accurately measure the relative humidity value of a seedling production environment, accurately control the water demand in the micro-sprinkling irrigation process, realize the automatic, large-scale and remote production of greenhouse seedling raising, and greatly improve the production quality of greenhouse seedling raising.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling culture comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing a crop growth cycle model according to humidity and water demand required by different crop growth cycles, and performing multi-pole combination on electrodes of a multi-pole sensor:
the multi-electrode sensor comprises a cylindrical insulator and a plurality of electrodes which are positioned in the insulator and are arranged along the axial direction, the electrodes are arranged in the insulator at intervals, the intervals among the electrodes are unequal, one ends of the electrodes are exposed at the outer end of the insulator, the other ends of the electrodes are positioned in the insulator, and analog resistors are connected between any two electrodes of the electrodes;
s2, according to an actual crop growth cycle model, two electrodes with the distance of 2-8mm in the multi-stage sensor are connected, the relative humidity around the seedlings in a non-micro-sprinkling irrigation state is measured by using the multi-stage sensor, when the measured relative humidity is lower than a set value, the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is started, and the calculation formula of the relative humidity (%) measurement is as follows
Wherein F is a relative humidity value, Y is a distance between the two working electrodes and has a unit of mm, and Z is a simulated resistance value connecting the two working electrodes and has a unit of K omega;
s3, when the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is started, two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor are automatically switched, two electrodes with the distance of 6-12mm in the multi-stage sensor are switched on, and the multi-stage sensor is utilized to measure the water demand of the micro-sprinkling irrigation state:
the water demand measurement of the micro-sprinkling irrigation state is realized by controlling the micro-sprinkling irrigation time, and the calculation formula of the micro-sprinkling time L of the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is
The unit of L is s, the unit of X is the distance between the working electrodes and the unit of mm, the unit of Z is the simulated resistance value connecting the two working electrodes and the unit of K omega, and when the micro-sprinkling irrigation time of the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle reaches the value L, the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is closed;
and S4, after the micro-sprinkling irrigation is finished, automatically switching two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor, switching on the electrodes with the interval of 2-8mm in the multi-stage sensor, and repeating S2 and S3.
In the invention, six electrodes can be arranged in the insulator, any two of the six electrodes are combined in pairs to form fifteen groups of electrode sensors, and each group of electrode sensors can complete the measurement of relative humidity in a non-sprinkling irrigation state or the measurement of water demand in a sprinkling irrigation state.
The micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head comprises a steel column, a nozzle, a connecting water pipe and a U-shaped spring, the nozzle is arranged in the vertical direction, a water spraying hole is formed in the nozzle, the length of the nozzle is 2-4cm, the nozzle is connected with a water supply pipeline through the connecting water pipe at the bottom of the nozzle, the steel column is arranged above the nozzle, the top of the nozzle is connected with the steel column above the nozzle through the U-shaped spring, and the calculation formula of the diameter d of the water spraying hole is that
Wherein d is the diameter of the nozzle, and the unit is mm, p is the injection pressure, and the unit is bar, q is the injection flow, and the unit is L/min, n is the number of the nozzles, eta is the efficiency coefficient of the nozzle, and eta is 1.05-1.10.
The diameter of the water spray hole of the nozzle is preferably 0.8-1.2 mm. When the diameter of the water spraying hole is 0.8mm, the spraying effect is best, the spraying water content is uniform, and the water drop density is reasonable.
The set value in S2 is 66% to 100%.
The greenhouse seedling raising micro-sprinkling irrigation precise control method is realized through a greenhouse seedling raising precise micro-sprinkling irrigation system, the greenhouse seedling raising precise micro-sprinkling irrigation system comprises a multi-stage sensor, a micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle and a control mechanism, the control mechanism is respectively connected with the multi-stage sensor and the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle, and the control mechanism adopts a master control system based on a single chip microcomputer. The singlechip can be STC15 series singlechip or other types of singlechip.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the multi-pole sensor is placed in the space outside the soil, senses the spraying amount synchronously with the seedlings, can accurately detect the humidity value of the production environment of the seedlings, visually reflects the actual water demand in the seedling raising process, can accurately control the micro-sprinkling irrigation amount water demand in the seedling raising process, and ensures that proper and sufficient water is provided for the seedlings;
(2) the multi-stage sensor can be connected with a control system, and signals detected by the multi-stage sensor can automatically drive the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle to work after being processed by a circuit of the control system and a single chip microcomputer, so that automatic control is realized, and key technical support is provided for industrialized, automatic and large-scale production of greenhouse seedling;
(3) by accurately controlling the amount of the spraying pipe, the seedling cannot be impacted and damaged in the micro-spraying process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-level sensor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a micro-sprinkler head configuration;
FIG. 3 is a system structure diagram of a greenhouse seedling precise micro-sprinkling irrigation system.
In the figure: 1 an insulator; 2, an electrode; 3, steel columns; 4, a nozzle; 5, connecting a water pipe; 6U-shaped spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The greenhouse seedling raising micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method comprises the following steps.
Firstly, establishing a crop growth cycle model according to humidity and water demand required by different crop growth cycles, and carrying out multi-pole combination on electrodes on a multi-pole sensor.
The multipole sensor comprises a cylindrical insulator 1 and a plurality of electrodes 2 which are arranged along the axial direction and are positioned in the insulator 1, wherein the electrodes 2 are arranged in the insulator 1 at intervals, the intervals between the electrodes 2 are different, and the intervals between the electrodes are 2-12 mm. One end of the electrode 2 is exposed to the outer end of the insulator, the other end of the electrode 2 is positioned in the insulator 1, and an analog resistor is connected between every two electrodes 2, so that any two electrodes in the plurality of electrodes 2 are combined to form a group of electrode sensors.
When the distance between the two working electrodes 2 in the multi-electrode sensor is relatively small, generally 2-8mm, the electrode sensor comprising the two working electrodes is used for measuring the relative humidity around the seedling in a non-microspray irrigation state. When the distance between two working electrodes in the multi-electrode sensor is relatively large, generally 6-12mm, the electrode sensor comprising the two working electrodes is used for measuring the water demand in a micro-sprinkling irrigation state.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, six electrodes 2 are provided in an insulator 1, any two of the six electrodes are combined to form fifteen sets of electrode sensors, and each set of electrode sensors can measure relative humidity in a non-sprinkling irrigation state or water demand in a sprinkling irrigation state. In this embodiment, fifteen crop growth cycle models are established using the fifteen sets of electrode sensors, as described below.
Model one: in the early growth stage of crops, the humidity is highest, and the water demand is maximum;
a second model; at the early growth stage of crops, the humidity is higher in the middle, and the water demand is higher;
and (3) model III: the humidity is lower and the water demand is lower at the early growth stage of crops;
and (4) model IV: in the early growth stage of crops, the humidity is highest, and the water demand is moderate;
a fifth model; the water demand is lower at the early growth stage of crops and in the middle and upper humidity;
model six: in the middle growth stage of crops, the humidity is very high, and the water demand is very large;
a seventh model: in the middle stage of crop growth, humidity and water demand are moderate;
model eight: in the middle growth stage of crops, the humidity is low, and the water demand is very low;
model nine: in the middle stage of crop growth, the humidity is very high and the water demand is moderate;
model ten: in the middle growth stage of crops, the water demand is very low in humidity;
model eleven: the crop grows late, the humidity is high, and the water demand is large;
model twelve: the crop grows late, the humidity is in the middle, and the water demand is in the middle and lower;
model thirteen: the humidity and water demand of crops are low at the late growth stage;
the model fourteen: the crop grows late, the humidity is high, and the water demand is moderate;
model fifteen: the water demand is very low in the late growth stage and humidity of crops.
And secondly, switching on two electrodes with smaller intervals in the multi-stage sensor according to an actual crop growth cycle model, measuring the relative humidity around the seedlings in a non-micro-sprinkling irrigation state by using the multi-stage sensor, and starting the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzles when the relative humidity is lower than a set value, such as 66%.
In the working process, two electrodes with relatively small distance are switched on, so that the multi-electrode sensor is in a relative humidity measuring state in the non-micro-sprinkling irrigation process, the relative humidity around the seedlings is measured, and when the relative humidity value is reduced to 66-100%, the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is started. The relative humidity (%) is measured by the formula
Wherein F is a relative humidity value; y is the distance between two electrodes with relatively small distance, and the unit is mm; and Z is the analog resistance value of the two working electrodes connected and has the unit of K omega.
And thirdly, when the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is started, two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor are automatically switched, two electrodes with larger distance in the multi-stage sensor are switched on, and the multi-stage sensor is utilized to measure the water demand in the micro-sprinkling irrigation state.
In the second step, after the relative humidity measured by the multi-pole sensor is reduced to a set value, two working electrodes of the multi-pole sensor are automatically switched, the two electrodes with relatively large distance are switched on at the moment, the relative humidity around the seedling is measured, and meanwhile, the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzles are started to conduct micro-sprinkling irrigation on the seedling. And when the relative humidity value around the seedling detected by the multi-stage sensor reaches 70-80%, closing the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle.
In the invention, the water demand measurement in the micro-sprinkling irrigation state is realized by controlling the micro-sprinkling irrigation time, and if the micro-sprinkling time of the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is set to be L, the calculation formula of the micro-sprinkling time measurement is as follows
L＝-0.7424+1.3440X+22.1517/Z
Wherein, the unit of L is s, and X is the distance between two working electrodes with relatively larger distance, and the unit is mm; and Z is the analog resistance value of the two working electrodes connected and has the unit of K omega.
When the micro-sprinkling irrigation time of the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle reaches the L value, the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is automatically closed.
As shown in figure 2, the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head comprises a steel column 3, a nozzle 4, a connecting water pipe 5 and a U-shaped spring 6, wherein the nozzle 4 is arranged in the vertical direction, a water spray hole is arranged in the nozzle 4, the length of the nozzle 4 is 2-4cm, and the diameter of the water spray hole is 0.8-1.2 mm. The nozzle 4 is connected with a water supply pipeline through a connecting water pipe 5 at the bottom of the nozzle, a steel column 3 is arranged above the nozzle 4, and the top of the nozzle 4 is connected with the steel column 3 above the nozzle through a U-shaped spring 6. Flowing water with certain pressure in the water supply pipeline flows through the water spray holes in the spray nozzles 4, the flowing water is changed into fine and foggy spray, the spray is sprayed out from the tops of the water spray holes and directly sprayed onto the steel columns 3 above the spray nozzles, and water drops in the spray are ejected outwards after colliding with the steel columns 3. Because the flow rate of the upward-sprayed spray is high, the upward-sprayed spray vibrates the U-shaped spring 6 connecting the nozzle 4 and the steel column 3 in the process of impacting the steel column 3, and the vibration of the U-shaped spring 6 is more beneficial to the dispersion of water drops everywhere, so that the scattering effect of water drops is improved, and the spraying uniformity and the spraying range of the spray head are improved; in addition, when water drips on the U-shaped spring 6, the water drips are further atomized through vibration of the U-shaped spring 6, and the seedlings are not damaged. The calculation formula of the diameter d of the water spraying hole is as follows:
wherein d is the diameter of the nozzle and the unit is mm; p is the injection pressure in bar; q is the jet flow rate, and the unit is L/min; n is the number of nozzles; eta is the efficiency coefficient of the nozzle, and eta is 1.05-1.10.
The diameter of the water spraying hole of the nozzle is 0.8-1.2mm through the formula. When the diameter of the water spraying hole is 0.8mm, the spraying effect is best, the spraying water content is uniform, and the water drop density is reasonable.
And fourthly, after the micro-sprinkling irrigation is finished, automatically switching two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor, switching on two electrodes with smaller distance in the multi-stage sensor, measuring the relative humidity around the seedling in a non-micro-sprinkling irrigation state by utilizing the multi-stage sensor again, and repeating the second step to the third step.
The application the little sprinkling irrigation smart control method of growing seedlings realize through the little sprinkling irrigation system of the smart volume of growing seedlings, the little sprinkling irrigation system of the smart volume of growing seedlings includes multipolar sensor, little sprinkling irrigation shower nozzle and control mechanism, control mechanism respectively with multi-level sensor, little sprinkling irrigation shower nozzle is connected, control mechanism adopts the control system based on the singlechip, in this embodiment, the singlechip, the host computer of communication interface connection, big-and-middle-sized smart volume little sprinkling irrigation system is constituteed to multipolar sensor and little sprinkling irrigation shower nozzle, the singlechip can adopt the model to be the singlechip of STC15 series, also can adopt the singlechip of other models. The single chip microcomputer can be used for receiving signals of the multipole sensor, processing the signals (namely operating a lower computer through a touch screen), controlling display and output, and communicating with an upper computer to realize micro-sprinkling irrigation control. Through the host computer, not only can carry out parameter setting, manage the running state, can connect many lower computers simultaneously moreover, control, realize long distance, extensive, the humanized centralized management of industrialization, be fit for extensive, the greenhouse enterprise of growing seedlings of industrialization, the structure chart of this system is shown in fig. 3.
In the actual use process, detect and control through the host computer, when the humidity of growing seedlings when suitable within range, the singlechip has not been triggered, and little sprinkling irrigation shower nozzle does not spray water. Along with the reduction of the humidity of the seedling raising environment, when the humidity is reduced to a set value, the single chip microcomputer is triggered, and the micro-sprinkling irrigation sprayer performs micro-sprinkling irrigation. Because the humidity required by different seedlings is different, the set related trigger values are also different, and at the moment, the related parameters can be set through the upper computer.
The method for controlling the micro-sprinkling irrigation precision of the seedling growing in the greenhouse provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling cultivation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing a crop growth cycle model according to humidity and water demand required by different crop growth cycles, carrying out multi-electrode combination on electrodes of a multi-stage sensor, and finishing measurement of relative humidity in a non-sprinkling irrigation state or measurement of water demand in a sprinkling irrigation state by combining each group of electrodes:
the multistage sensor comprises a cylindrical insulator and a plurality of electrodes which are positioned in the insulator and are arranged along the axial direction, the electrodes are arranged in the insulator at intervals, the intervals among the electrodes are unequal, one ends of the electrodes are exposed at the outer end of the insulator, the other ends of the electrodes are positioned in the insulator, analog resistors are connected between any two electrodes of the electrodes, and the multistage sensor is placed in the space outside the soil;
s2, according to an actual crop growth period model, two electrodes with the distance of 2-8mm in the multi-stage sensor are connected, the relative humidity around the seedling is measured by the multi-stage sensor in a non-micro-sprinkling irrigation state, when the relative humidity is lower than a set value, the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is started, and the calculation formula of the relative humidity measurement is as follows
Wherein F is a relative humidity value, Y is a distance between the two working electrodes and has a unit of mm, and Z is a simulated resistance value connecting the two working electrodes and has a unit of K omega;
s3, when the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is started, two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor are automatically switched, two electrodes with the distance of 6-12mm in the multi-stage sensor are switched on, and the multi-stage sensor is utilized to measure the water demand in a micro-sprinkling irrigation state:
the water demand measurement of the micro-sprinkling irrigation state is realized by controlling the micro-sprinkling irrigation time, and the calculation formula of the micro-sprinkling time L of the micro-sprinkling irrigation spray head is
L＝-0.7424+1.3440X+22.1517/Z
The unit of L is s, X is the distance between the working electrodes and the unit is mm, Z is the simulated resistance value connecting the two working electrodes and the unit is K omega, and when the micro-sprinkling irrigation time of the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle reaches the L value, the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle is closed;
and S4, after the micro-sprinkling irrigation is finished, automatically switching two working electrodes of the multi-stage sensor, switching on the electrodes with the interval of 2-8mm in the multi-stage sensor, and repeating S2 and S3.
2. The precision control method of greenhouse seedling culture micro-sprinkling irrigation according to claim 1, wherein six electrodes are arranged in the insulator, and any two of the six electrodes are combined to form fifteen sets of electrode sensors.
3. The precise control method of micro-sprinkling irrigation for seedling raising in greenhouse as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle comprises a steel column, a nozzle, a connecting water pipe and a U-shaped spring, the nozzle is vertically arranged, a water spray hole is arranged in the nozzle, the length of the nozzle is 2-4cm, the nozzle is connected with a water supply pipeline through a connecting water pipe at the bottom of the nozzle, the steel column is arranged above the nozzle, the top of the nozzle is connected with the steel column above the nozzle through the U-shaped spring, and the calculation formula of the diameter d of the water spray hole is that
Wherein d is the diameter of the nozzle, and the unit is mm, p is the injection pressure, and the unit is bar, q is the injection flow, and the unit is L/min, n is the number of the nozzles, eta is the efficiency coefficient of the nozzle, and eta is 1.05-1.10.
4. The micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for seedling raising in greenhouses according to claim 3, wherein the diameter of a water spraying hole of the nozzle is 0.8-1.2 mm.
5. The micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for seedling raising in greenhouses according to claim 1, wherein the set value in S2 is 66% -100%.
6. The method for controlling the micro-sprinkling irrigation precision of the seedling growing in the greenhouse according to claim 1, wherein the control method is realized by a micro-sprinkling irrigation precision system of the seedling growing in the greenhouse, the micro-sprinkling irrigation precision system of the seedling growing in the greenhouse comprises a multi-stage sensor, a micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle and a control mechanism, the control mechanism is respectively connected with the multi-stage sensor and the micro-sprinkling irrigation nozzle, and the control mechanism adopts a control system based on a single chip microcomputer.
7. The micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for seedling raising in greenhouses according to claim 6, wherein the single chip microcomputer is a single chip microcomputer of STC15 series.
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| CN202110068328.7A CN112806195B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Micro-sprinkling irrigation precision control method for greenhouse seedling culture |
| LU102621A LU102621B1 (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-03-05 | Accurate control method of microspray irrigation for greenhouse seedling cultivation |
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| CN102550374A (en) * | 2012-03-18 | 2012-07-11 | 四川农业大学 | Crop irrigation system combined with computer vision and multi-sensor |
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| CN112806195A (en) | 2021-05-18 |
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